Age- and sex-specific causal effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.
Identifieur interne : 002D34 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 002D33; suivant : 002D35Age- and sex-specific causal effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.
Auteurs : Tove Fall [Suède] ; Sara H Gg [Suède] ; Alexander Ploner [Suède] ; Reedik M Gi [Estonie] ; Krista Fischer [Estonie] ; Harmen H M. Draisma [Pays-Bas] ; Antti-Pekka Sarin [Finlande] ; Beben Benyamin [Australie] ; Claes Ladenvall [Suède] ; Mikael Kerlund [Suède] ; Mart Kals [Estonie] ; T Nu Esko [États-Unis] ; Christopher P. Nelson [Royaume-Uni] ; Marika Kaakinen [Finlande] ; Ville Huikari [Finlande] ; Massimo Mangino [Royaume-Uni] ; Aline Meirhaeghe [France] ; Kati Kristiansson [Finlande] ; Marja-Liisa Nuotio [Finlande] ; Michael Kobl [Allemagne] ; Harald Grallert [Allemagne] ; Abbas Dehghan [Pays-Bas] ; Maris Kuningas [Pays-Bas] ; Paul S. De Vries [Pays-Bas] ; Renée F A G. De Bruijn [Pays-Bas] ; Sara M. Willems [Pays-Bas] ; Kauko Heikkil [Finlande] ; Karri Silventoinen [Finlande] ; Kirsi H. Pietil Inen [Finlande] ; Vanessa Legry [France] ; Vilmantas Giedraitis [Suède] ; Louisa Goumidi [France] ; Ann-Christine Syv Nen [Suède] ; Konstantin Strauch [Allemagne] ; Wolfgang Koenig [Allemagne] ; Peter Lichtner [Allemagne] ; Christian Herder [Allemagne] ; Aarno Palotie [États-Unis] ; Cristina Menni [Royaume-Uni] ; André G. Uitterlinden ; Kari Kuulasmaa [Finlande] ; Aki S. Havulinna [Finlande] ; Luis A. Moreno [Espagne] ; Marcela Gonzalez-Gross [Espagne] ; Alun Evans [Royaume-Uni] ; David-Alexandre Tregouet [France] ; John W G. Yarnell [Royaume-Uni] ; Jarmo Virtamo [Finlande] ; Jean Ferrières [France] ; Giovanni Veronesi [Italie] ; Markus Perola [Finlande] ; Dominique Arveiler [France] ; Paolo Brambilla [Italie] ; Lars Lind [Suède] ; Jaakko Kaprio [Finlande] ; Albert Hofman [Pays-Bas] ; Bruno H. Stricker ; Cornelia M. Van Duijn [Pays-Bas] ; M Arfan Ikram [Pays-Bas] ; Oscar H. Franco [Pays-Bas] ; Dominique Cottel [France] ; Jean Dallongeville [France] ; Alistair S. Hall [Royaume-Uni] ; Antti Jula [Finlande] ; Martin D. Tobin [Royaume-Uni] ; Brenda W. Penninx [Pays-Bas] ; Annette Peters [Allemagne] ; Christian Gieger [Allemagne] ; Nilesh J. Samani [Royaume-Uni] ; Grant W. Montgomery [Australie] ; John B. Whitfield [Australie] ; Nicholas G. Martin [Australie] ; Leif Groop [Suède] ; Tim D. Spector [Royaume-Uni] ; Patrik K. Magnusson [Suède] ; Philippe Amouyel [France] ; Dorret I. Boomsma [Pays-Bas] ; Peter M. Nilsson [Suède] ; Marjo-Riitta J Rvelin [Finlande] ; Valeriya Lyssenko [Danemark] ; Andres Metspalu [Estonie] ; David P. Strachan [Royaume-Uni] ; Veikko Salomaa [Finlande] ; Samuli Ripatti [Royaume-Uni] ; Nancy L. Pedersen [Suède] ; Inga Prokopenko [Royaume-Uni] ; Mark I. Mccarthy [Royaume-Uni] ; Erik Ingelsson [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Diabetes [ 1939-327X ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adiposité (physiologie), Adulte d'âge moyen, Cholestérol HDL (métabolisme), Cholestérol HDL (sang), Facteurs sexuels, Femelle, Humains, Insuline (sang), Interleukine-6, Maladies cardiovasculaires (métabolisme), Mâle, Pression sanguine, Protéine C-réactive (métabolisme), Triglycéride (métabolisme), Triglycéride (sang), Vieillissement (physiologie).
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Cholestérol HDL, Maladies cardiovasculaires, Protéine C-réactive, Triglycéride.
- physiologie : Adiposité, Vieillissement.
- sang : Cholestérol HDL, Insuline, Triglycéride.
- Adulte d'âge moyen, Facteurs sexuels, Femelle, Humains, Interleukine-6, Mâle, Pression sanguine.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adiposity (physiology), Aging (physiology), Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein (metabolism), Cardiovascular Diseases (metabolism), Cholesterol, HDL (blood), Cholesterol, HDL (metabolism), Female, Humans, Insulin (blood), Interleukin-6, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Triglycerides (blood), Triglycerides (metabolism).
- MESH :
- chemical , blood : Cholesterol, HDL, Insulin, Triglycerides.
- chemical , metabolism : C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, HDL, Triglycerides.
- metabolism : Cardiovascular Diseases.
- physiology : Adiposity, Aging.
- Blood Pressure, Female, Humans, Interleukin-6, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors.
Abstract
Observational studies have reported different effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors across age and sex. Since cardiovascular risk factors are enriched in obese individuals, it has not been easy to dissect the effects of adiposity from those of other risk factors. We used a Mendelian randomization approach, applying a set of 32 genetic markers to estimate the causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, glycemic indices, circulating lipid levels, and markers of inflammation and liver disease in up to 67,553 individuals. All analyses were stratified by age (cutoff 55 years of age) and sex. The genetic score was associated with BMI in both nonstratified analysis (P = 2.8 × 10(-107)) and stratified analyses (all P < 3.3 × 10(-30)). We found evidence of a causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, fasting levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in a nonstratified analysis and in the <55-year stratum. Further, we found evidence of a smaller causal effect on total cholesterol (P for difference = 0.015) in the ≥55-year stratum than in the <55-year stratum, a finding that could be explained by biology, survival bias, or differential medication. In conclusion, this study extends previous knowledge of the effects of adiposity by providing sex- and age-specific causal estimates on cardiovascular risk factors.
DOI: 10.2337/db14-0988
PubMed: 25712996
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André G. Uitterlinden<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Age- and sex-specific causal effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.</title><author><name sortKey="Fall, Tove" sort="Fall, Tove" uniqKey="Fall T" first="Tove" last="Fall">Tove Fall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Gg, Sara" sort="H Gg, Sara" uniqKey="H Gg S" first="Sara" last="H Gg">Sara H Gg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ploner, Alexander" sort="Ploner, Alexander" uniqKey="Ploner A" first="Alexander" last="Ploner">Alexander Ploner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Gi, Reedik" sort="M Gi, Reedik" uniqKey="M Gi R" first="Reedik" last="M Gi">Reedik M Gi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, Krista" sort="Fischer, Krista" uniqKey="Fischer K" first="Krista" last="Fischer">Krista Fischer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Draisma, Harmen H M" sort="Draisma, Harmen H M" uniqKey="Draisma H" first="Harmen H M" last="Draisma">Harmen H M. Draisma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sarin, Antti Pekka" sort="Sarin, Antti Pekka" uniqKey="Sarin A" first="Antti-Pekka" last="Sarin">Antti-Pekka Sarin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benyamin, Beben" sort="Benyamin, Beben" uniqKey="Benyamin B" first="Beben" last="Benyamin">Beben Benyamin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ladenvall, Claes" sort="Ladenvall, Claes" uniqKey="Ladenvall C" first="Claes" last="Ladenvall">Claes Ladenvall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Kerlund, Mikael" sort=" Kerlund, Mikael" uniqKey=" Kerlund M" first="Mikael" last=" Kerlund">Mikael Kerlund</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kals, Mart" sort="Kals, Mart" uniqKey="Kals M" first="Mart" last="Kals">Mart Kals</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Christopher P" sort="Nelson, Christopher P" uniqKey="Nelson C" first="Christopher P" last="Nelson">Christopher P. Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaakinen, Marika" sort="Kaakinen, Marika" uniqKey="Kaakinen M" first="Marika" last="Kaakinen">Marika Kaakinen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huikari, Ville" sort="Huikari, Ville" uniqKey="Huikari V" first="Ville" last="Huikari">Ville Huikari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mangino, Massimo" sort="Mangino, Massimo" uniqKey="Mangino M" first="Massimo" last="Mangino">Massimo Mangino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meirhaeghe, Aline" sort="Meirhaeghe, Aline" uniqKey="Meirhaeghe A" first="Aline" last="Meirhaeghe">Aline Meirhaeghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kristiansson, Kati" sort="Kristiansson, Kati" uniqKey="Kristiansson K" first="Kati" last="Kristiansson">Kati Kristiansson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nuotio, Marja Liisa" sort="Nuotio, Marja Liisa" uniqKey="Nuotio M" first="Marja-Liisa" last="Nuotio">Marja-Liisa Nuotio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kobl, Michael" sort="Kobl, Michael" uniqKey="Kobl M" first="Michael" last="Kobl">Michael Kobl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grallert, Harald" sort="Grallert, Harald" uniqKey="Grallert H" first="Harald" last="Grallert">Harald Grallert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dehghan, Abbas" sort="Dehghan, Abbas" uniqKey="Dehghan A" first="Abbas" last="Dehghan">Abbas Dehghan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuningas, Maris" sort="Kuningas, Maris" uniqKey="Kuningas M" first="Maris" last="Kuningas">Maris Kuningas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vries, Paul S" sort="De Vries, Paul S" uniqKey="De Vries P" first="Paul S" last="De Vries">Paul S. De Vries</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Bruijn, Renee F A G" sort="De Bruijn, Renee F A G" uniqKey="De Bruijn R" first="Renée F A G" last="De Bruijn">Renée F A G. De Bruijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willems, Sara M" sort="Willems, Sara M" uniqKey="Willems S" first="Sara M" last="Willems">Sara M. Willems</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkil, Kauko" sort="Heikkil, Kauko" uniqKey="Heikkil K" first="Kauko" last="Heikkil">Kauko Heikkil</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silventoinen, Karri" sort="Silventoinen, Karri" uniqKey="Silventoinen K" first="Karri" last="Silventoinen">Karri Silventoinen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietil Inen, Kirsi H" sort="Pietil Inen, Kirsi H" uniqKey="Pietil Inen K" first="Kirsi H" last="Pietil Inen">Kirsi H. Pietil Inen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Finland Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Finland Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legry, Vanessa" sort="Legry, Vanessa" uniqKey="Legry V" first="Vanessa" last="Legry">Vanessa Legry</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" sort="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" uniqKey="Giedraitis V" first="Vilmantas" last="Giedraitis">Vilmantas Giedraitis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goumidi, Louisa" sort="Goumidi, Louisa" uniqKey="Goumidi L" first="Louisa" last="Goumidi">Louisa Goumidi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Syv Nen, Ann Christine" sort="Syv Nen, Ann Christine" uniqKey="Syv Nen A" first="Ann-Christine" last="Syv Nen">Ann-Christine Syv Nen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strauch, Konstantin" sort="Strauch, Konstantin" uniqKey="Strauch K" first="Konstantin" last="Strauch">Konstantin Strauch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Wolfgang" sort="Koenig, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Koenig W" first="Wolfgang" last="Koenig">Wolfgang Koenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lichtner, Peter" sort="Lichtner, Peter" uniqKey="Lichtner P" first="Peter" last="Lichtner">Peter Lichtner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herder, Christian" sort="Herder, Christian" uniqKey="Herder C" first="Christian" last="Herder">Christian Herder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, partner Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, partner Düsseldorf</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menni, Cristina" sort="Menni, Cristina" uniqKey="Menni C" first="Cristina" last="Menni">Cristina Menni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G" last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuulasmaa, Kari" sort="Kuulasmaa, Kari" uniqKey="Kuulasmaa K" first="Kari" last="Kuulasmaa">Kari Kuulasmaa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Havulinna, Aki S" sort="Havulinna, Aki S" uniqKey="Havulinna A" first="Aki S" last="Havulinna">Aki S. Havulinna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moreno, Luis A" sort="Moreno, Luis A" uniqKey="Moreno L" first="Luis A" last="Moreno">Luis A. Moreno</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" sort="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" uniqKey="Gonzalez Gross M" first="Marcela" last="Gonzalez-Gross">Marcela Gonzalez-Gross</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Alun" sort="Evans, Alun" uniqKey="Evans A" first="Alun" last="Evans">Alun Evans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Tregouet">David-Alexandre Tregouet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie of Paris 06, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie of Paris 06, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yarnell, John W G" sort="Yarnell, John W G" uniqKey="Yarnell J" first="John W G" last="Yarnell">John W G. Yarnell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Virtamo, Jarmo" sort="Virtamo, Jarmo" uniqKey="Virtamo J" first="Jarmo" last="Virtamo">Jarmo Virtamo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrieres, Jean" sort="Ferrieres, Jean" uniqKey="Ferrieres J" first="Jean" last="Ferrières">Jean Ferrières</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veronesi, Giovanni" sort="Veronesi, Giovanni" uniqKey="Veronesi G" first="Giovanni" last="Veronesi">Giovanni Veronesi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perola, Markus" sort="Perola, Markus" uniqKey="Perola M" first="Markus" last="Perola">Markus Perola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arveiler, Dominique" sort="Arveiler, Dominique" uniqKey="Arveiler D" first="Dominique" last="Arveiler">Dominique Arveiler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Paolo" sort="Brambilla, Paolo" uniqKey="Brambilla P" first="Paolo" last="Brambilla">Paolo Brambilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lind, Lars" sort="Lind, Lars" uniqKey="Lind L" first="Lars" last="Lind">Lars Lind</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaprio, Jaakko" sort="Kaprio, Jaakko" uniqKey="Kaprio J" first="Jaakko" last="Kaprio">Jaakko Kaprio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stricker, Bruno H" sort="Stricker, Bruno H" uniqKey="Stricker B" first="Bruno H" last="Stricker">Bruno H. Stricker</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M Arfan" last="Ikram">M Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Oscar H" sort="Franco, Oscar H" uniqKey="Franco O" first="Oscar H" last="Franco">Oscar H. Franco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cottel, Dominique" sort="Cottel, Dominique" uniqKey="Cottel D" first="Dominique" last="Cottel">Dominique Cottel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dallongeville, Jean" sort="Dallongeville, Jean" uniqKey="Dallongeville J" first="Jean" last="Dallongeville">Jean Dallongeville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Alistair S" sort="Hall, Alistair S" uniqKey="Hall A" first="Alistair S" last="Hall">Alistair S. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jula, Antti" sort="Jula, Antti" uniqKey="Jula A" first="Antti" last="Jula">Antti Jula</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Population Studies Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Population Studies Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tobin, Martin D" sort="Tobin, Martin D" uniqKey="Tobin M" first="Martin D" last="Tobin">Martin D. Tobin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Penninx, Brenda W" sort="Penninx, Brenda W" uniqKey="Penninx B" first="Brenda W" last="Penninx">Brenda W. Penninx</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samani, Nilesh J" sort="Samani, Nilesh J" uniqKey="Samani N" first="Nilesh J" last="Samani">Nilesh J. Samani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montgomery, Grant W" sort="Montgomery, Grant W" uniqKey="Montgomery G" first="Grant W" last="Montgomery">Grant W. Montgomery</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Whitfield, John B" sort="Whitfield, John B" uniqKey="Whitfield J" first="John B" last="Whitfield">John B. Whitfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Nicholas G" sort="Martin, Nicholas G" uniqKey="Martin N" first="Nicholas G" last="Martin">Nicholas G. Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Groop, Leif" sort="Groop, Leif" uniqKey="Groop L" first="Leif" last="Groop">Leif Groop</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spector, Tim D" sort="Spector, Tim D" uniqKey="Spector T" first="Tim D" last="Spector">Tim D. Spector</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magnusson, Patrik K" sort="Magnusson, Patrik K" uniqKey="Magnusson P" first="Patrik K" last="Magnusson">Patrik K. Magnusson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouyel, Philippe" sort="Amouyel, Philippe" uniqKey="Amouyel P" first="Philippe" last="Amouyel">Philippe Amouyel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I" last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nilsson, Peter M" sort="Nilsson, Peter M" uniqKey="Nilsson P" first="Peter M" last="Nilsson">Peter M. Nilsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="J Rvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="J Rvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="J Rvelin">Marjo-Riitta J Rvelin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council Health Protection Agency, Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, U.K. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council Health Protection Agency, Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, U.K. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyssenko, Valeriya" sort="Lyssenko, Valeriya" uniqKey="Lyssenko V" first="Valeriya" last="Lyssenko">Valeriya Lyssenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strachan, David P" sort="Strachan, David P" uniqKey="Strachan D" first="David P" last="Strachan">David P. Strachan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>St. George's, University of London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>St. George's, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ripatti, Samuli" sort="Ripatti, Samuli" uniqKey="Ripatti S" first="Samuli" last="Ripatti">Samuli Ripatti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, Nancy L" sort="Pedersen, Nancy L" uniqKey="Pedersen N" first="Nancy L" last="Pedersen">Nancy L. Pedersen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prokopenko, Inga" sort="Prokopenko, Inga" uniqKey="Prokopenko I" first="Inga" last="Prokopenko">Inga Prokopenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingelsson, Erik" sort="Ingelsson, Erik" uniqKey="Ingelsson E" first="Erik" last="Ingelsson">Erik Ingelsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. erik.ingelsson@medsci.uu.se.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25712996</idno><idno type="pmid">25712996</idno><idno type="doi">10.2337/db14-0988</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002E10</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002E10</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002D34</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002D34</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Age- and sex-specific causal effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.</title><author><name sortKey="Fall, Tove" sort="Fall, Tove" uniqKey="Fall T" first="Tove" last="Fall">Tove Fall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Gg, Sara" sort="H Gg, Sara" uniqKey="H Gg S" first="Sara" last="H Gg">Sara H Gg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ploner, Alexander" sort="Ploner, Alexander" uniqKey="Ploner A" first="Alexander" last="Ploner">Alexander Ploner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Gi, Reedik" sort="M Gi, Reedik" uniqKey="M Gi R" first="Reedik" last="M Gi">Reedik M Gi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, Krista" sort="Fischer, Krista" uniqKey="Fischer K" first="Krista" last="Fischer">Krista Fischer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Draisma, Harmen H M" sort="Draisma, Harmen H M" uniqKey="Draisma H" first="Harmen H M" last="Draisma">Harmen H M. Draisma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sarin, Antti Pekka" sort="Sarin, Antti Pekka" uniqKey="Sarin A" first="Antti-Pekka" last="Sarin">Antti-Pekka Sarin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benyamin, Beben" sort="Benyamin, Beben" uniqKey="Benyamin B" first="Beben" last="Benyamin">Beben Benyamin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ladenvall, Claes" sort="Ladenvall, Claes" uniqKey="Ladenvall C" first="Claes" last="Ladenvall">Claes Ladenvall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Kerlund, Mikael" sort=" Kerlund, Mikael" uniqKey=" Kerlund M" first="Mikael" last=" Kerlund">Mikael Kerlund</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kals, Mart" sort="Kals, Mart" uniqKey="Kals M" first="Mart" last="Kals">Mart Kals</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Christopher P" sort="Nelson, Christopher P" uniqKey="Nelson C" first="Christopher P" last="Nelson">Christopher P. Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaakinen, Marika" sort="Kaakinen, Marika" uniqKey="Kaakinen M" first="Marika" last="Kaakinen">Marika Kaakinen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huikari, Ville" sort="Huikari, Ville" uniqKey="Huikari V" first="Ville" last="Huikari">Ville Huikari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mangino, Massimo" sort="Mangino, Massimo" uniqKey="Mangino M" first="Massimo" last="Mangino">Massimo Mangino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meirhaeghe, Aline" sort="Meirhaeghe, Aline" uniqKey="Meirhaeghe A" first="Aline" last="Meirhaeghe">Aline Meirhaeghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kristiansson, Kati" sort="Kristiansson, Kati" uniqKey="Kristiansson K" first="Kati" last="Kristiansson">Kati Kristiansson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nuotio, Marja Liisa" sort="Nuotio, Marja Liisa" uniqKey="Nuotio M" first="Marja-Liisa" last="Nuotio">Marja-Liisa Nuotio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kobl, Michael" sort="Kobl, Michael" uniqKey="Kobl M" first="Michael" last="Kobl">Michael Kobl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grallert, Harald" sort="Grallert, Harald" uniqKey="Grallert H" first="Harald" last="Grallert">Harald Grallert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dehghan, Abbas" sort="Dehghan, Abbas" uniqKey="Dehghan A" first="Abbas" last="Dehghan">Abbas Dehghan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuningas, Maris" sort="Kuningas, Maris" uniqKey="Kuningas M" first="Maris" last="Kuningas">Maris Kuningas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Vries, Paul S" sort="De Vries, Paul S" uniqKey="De Vries P" first="Paul S" last="De Vries">Paul S. De Vries</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Bruijn, Renee F A G" sort="De Bruijn, Renee F A G" uniqKey="De Bruijn R" first="Renée F A G" last="De Bruijn">Renée F A G. De Bruijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willems, Sara M" sort="Willems, Sara M" uniqKey="Willems S" first="Sara M" last="Willems">Sara M. Willems</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkil, Kauko" sort="Heikkil, Kauko" uniqKey="Heikkil K" first="Kauko" last="Heikkil">Kauko Heikkil</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silventoinen, Karri" sort="Silventoinen, Karri" uniqKey="Silventoinen K" first="Karri" last="Silventoinen">Karri Silventoinen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietil Inen, Kirsi H" sort="Pietil Inen, Kirsi H" uniqKey="Pietil Inen K" first="Kirsi H" last="Pietil Inen">Kirsi H. Pietil Inen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Finland Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Finland Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legry, Vanessa" sort="Legry, Vanessa" uniqKey="Legry V" first="Vanessa" last="Legry">Vanessa Legry</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" sort="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" uniqKey="Giedraitis V" first="Vilmantas" last="Giedraitis">Vilmantas Giedraitis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goumidi, Louisa" sort="Goumidi, Louisa" uniqKey="Goumidi L" first="Louisa" last="Goumidi">Louisa Goumidi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Syv Nen, Ann Christine" sort="Syv Nen, Ann Christine" uniqKey="Syv Nen A" first="Ann-Christine" last="Syv Nen">Ann-Christine Syv Nen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strauch, Konstantin" sort="Strauch, Konstantin" uniqKey="Strauch K" first="Konstantin" last="Strauch">Konstantin Strauch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koenig, Wolfgang" sort="Koenig, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Koenig W" first="Wolfgang" last="Koenig">Wolfgang Koenig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lichtner, Peter" sort="Lichtner, Peter" uniqKey="Lichtner P" first="Peter" last="Lichtner">Peter Lichtner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herder, Christian" sort="Herder, Christian" uniqKey="Herder C" first="Christian" last="Herder">Christian Herder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, partner Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, partner Düsseldorf</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menni, Cristina" sort="Menni, Cristina" uniqKey="Menni C" first="Cristina" last="Menni">Cristina Menni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G" last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuulasmaa, Kari" sort="Kuulasmaa, Kari" uniqKey="Kuulasmaa K" first="Kari" last="Kuulasmaa">Kari Kuulasmaa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Havulinna, Aki S" sort="Havulinna, Aki S" uniqKey="Havulinna A" first="Aki S" last="Havulinna">Aki S. Havulinna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moreno, Luis A" sort="Moreno, Luis A" uniqKey="Moreno L" first="Luis A" last="Moreno">Luis A. Moreno</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" sort="Gonzalez Gross, Marcela" uniqKey="Gonzalez Gross M" first="Marcela" last="Gonzalez-Gross">Marcela Gonzalez-Gross</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Alun" sort="Evans, Alun" uniqKey="Evans A" first="Alun" last="Evans">Alun Evans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Tregouet">David-Alexandre Tregouet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie of Paris 06, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie of Paris 06, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yarnell, John W G" sort="Yarnell, John W G" uniqKey="Yarnell J" first="John W G" last="Yarnell">John W G. Yarnell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Virtamo, Jarmo" sort="Virtamo, Jarmo" uniqKey="Virtamo J" first="Jarmo" last="Virtamo">Jarmo Virtamo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrieres, Jean" sort="Ferrieres, Jean" uniqKey="Ferrieres J" first="Jean" last="Ferrières">Jean Ferrières</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veronesi, Giovanni" sort="Veronesi, Giovanni" uniqKey="Veronesi G" first="Giovanni" last="Veronesi">Giovanni Veronesi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perola, Markus" sort="Perola, Markus" uniqKey="Perola M" first="Markus" last="Perola">Markus Perola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arveiler, Dominique" sort="Arveiler, Dominique" uniqKey="Arveiler D" first="Dominique" last="Arveiler">Dominique Arveiler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Paolo" sort="Brambilla, Paolo" uniqKey="Brambilla P" first="Paolo" last="Brambilla">Paolo Brambilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lind, Lars" sort="Lind, Lars" uniqKey="Lind L" first="Lars" last="Lind">Lars Lind</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaprio, Jaakko" sort="Kaprio, Jaakko" uniqKey="Kaprio J" first="Jaakko" last="Kaprio">Jaakko Kaprio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stricker, Bruno H" sort="Stricker, Bruno H" uniqKey="Stricker B" first="Bruno H" last="Stricker">Bruno H. Stricker</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">the Netherland</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M Arfan" last="Ikram">M Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Oscar H" sort="Franco, Oscar H" uniqKey="Franco O" first="Oscar H" last="Franco">Oscar H. Franco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cottel, Dominique" sort="Cottel, Dominique" uniqKey="Cottel D" first="Dominique" last="Cottel">Dominique Cottel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dallongeville, Jean" sort="Dallongeville, Jean" uniqKey="Dallongeville J" first="Jean" last="Dallongeville">Jean Dallongeville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Alistair S" sort="Hall, Alistair S" uniqKey="Hall A" first="Alistair S" last="Hall">Alistair S. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jula, Antti" sort="Jula, Antti" uniqKey="Jula A" first="Antti" last="Jula">Antti Jula</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Population Studies Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Population Studies Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tobin, Martin D" sort="Tobin, Martin D" uniqKey="Tobin M" first="Martin D" last="Tobin">Martin D. Tobin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Penninx, Brenda W" sort="Penninx, Brenda W" uniqKey="Penninx B" first="Brenda W" last="Penninx">Brenda W. Penninx</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samani, Nilesh J" sort="Samani, Nilesh J" uniqKey="Samani N" first="Nilesh J" last="Samani">Nilesh J. Samani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montgomery, Grant W" sort="Montgomery, Grant W" uniqKey="Montgomery G" first="Grant W" last="Montgomery">Grant W. Montgomery</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Whitfield, John B" sort="Whitfield, John B" uniqKey="Whitfield J" first="John B" last="Whitfield">John B. Whitfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Nicholas G" sort="Martin, Nicholas G" uniqKey="Martin N" first="Nicholas G" last="Martin">Nicholas G. Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Groop, Leif" sort="Groop, Leif" uniqKey="Groop L" first="Leif" last="Groop">Leif Groop</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spector, Tim D" sort="Spector, Tim D" uniqKey="Spector T" first="Tim D" last="Spector">Tim D. Spector</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magnusson, Patrik K" sort="Magnusson, Patrik K" uniqKey="Magnusson P" first="Patrik K" last="Magnusson">Patrik K. Magnusson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouyel, Philippe" sort="Amouyel, Philippe" uniqKey="Amouyel P" first="Philippe" last="Amouyel">Philippe Amouyel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I" last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nilsson, Peter M" sort="Nilsson, Peter M" uniqKey="Nilsson P" first="Peter M" last="Nilsson">Peter M. Nilsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="J Rvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="J Rvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="J Rvelin">Marjo-Riitta J Rvelin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council Health Protection Agency, Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, U.K. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council Health Protection Agency, Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, U.K. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyssenko, Valeriya" sort="Lyssenko, Valeriya" uniqKey="Lyssenko V" first="Valeriya" last="Lyssenko">Valeriya Lyssenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strachan, David P" sort="Strachan, David P" uniqKey="Strachan D" first="David P" last="Strachan">David P. Strachan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>St. George's, University of London, London, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>St. George's, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ripatti, Samuli" sort="Ripatti, Samuli" uniqKey="Ripatti S" first="Samuli" last="Ripatti">Samuli Ripatti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, Nancy L" sort="Pedersen, Nancy L" uniqKey="Pedersen N" first="Nancy L" last="Pedersen">Nancy L. Pedersen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prokopenko, Inga" sort="Prokopenko, Inga" uniqKey="Prokopenko I" first="Inga" last="Prokopenko">Inga Prokopenko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingelsson, Erik" sort="Ingelsson, Erik" uniqKey="Ingelsson E" first="Erik" last="Ingelsson">Erik Ingelsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. erik.ingelsson@medsci.uu.se.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Diabetes</title><idno type="eISSN">1939-327X</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adiposity (physiology)</term><term>Aging (physiology)</term><term>Blood Pressure</term><term>C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)</term><term>Cardiovascular Diseases (metabolism)</term><term>Cholesterol, HDL (blood)</term><term>Cholesterol, HDL (metabolism)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Insulin (blood)</term><term>Interleukin-6</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Sex Factors</term><term>Triglycerides (blood)</term><term>Triglycerides (metabolism)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adiposité (physiologie)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Cholestérol HDL (métabolisme)</term><term>Cholestérol HDL (sang)</term><term>Facteurs sexuels</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Insuline (sang)</term><term>Interleukine-6</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires (métabolisme)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Pression sanguine</term><term>Protéine C-réactive (métabolisme)</term><term>Triglycéride (métabolisme)</term><term>Triglycéride (sang)</term><term>Vieillissement (physiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Cholesterol, HDL</term><term>Insulin</term><term>Triglycerides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>C-Reactive Protein</term><term>Cholesterol, HDL</term><term>Triglycerides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cardiovascular Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cholestérol HDL</term><term>Maladies cardiovasculaires</term><term>Protéine C-réactive</term><term>Triglycéride</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adiposité</term><term>Vieillissement</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Adiposity</term><term>Aging</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cholestérol HDL</term><term>Insuline</term><term>Triglycéride</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Blood Pressure</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Interleukin-6</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Sex Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Facteurs sexuels</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Interleukine-6</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Pression sanguine</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Observational studies have reported different effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors across age and sex. Since cardiovascular risk factors are enriched in obese individuals, it has not been easy to dissect the effects of adiposity from those of other risk factors. We used a Mendelian randomization approach, applying a set of 32 genetic markers to estimate the causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, glycemic indices, circulating lipid levels, and markers of inflammation and liver disease in up to 67,553 individuals. All analyses were stratified by age (cutoff 55 years of age) and sex. The genetic score was associated with BMI in both nonstratified analysis (P = 2.8 × 10(-107)) and stratified analyses (all P < 3.3 × 10(-30)). We found evidence of a causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, fasting levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in a nonstratified analysis and in the <55-year stratum. Further, we found evidence of a smaller causal effect on total cholesterol (P for difference = 0.015) in the ≥55-year stratum than in the <55-year stratum, a finding that could be explained by biology, survival bias, or differential medication. In conclusion, this study extends previous knowledge of the effects of adiposity by providing sex- and age-specific causal estimates on cardiovascular risk factors.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25712996</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>22</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1939-327X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>64</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>May</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Age- and sex-specific causal effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1841-52</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.2337/db14-0988</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Observational studies have reported different effects of adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors across age and sex. Since cardiovascular risk factors are enriched in obese individuals, it has not been easy to dissect the effects of adiposity from those of other risk factors. We used a Mendelian randomization approach, applying a set of 32 genetic markers to estimate the causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, glycemic indices, circulating lipid levels, and markers of inflammation and liver disease in up to 67,553 individuals. All analyses were stratified by age (cutoff 55 years of age) and sex. The genetic score was associated with BMI in both nonstratified analysis (P = 2.8 × 10(-107)) and stratified analyses (all P < 3.3 × 10(-30)). We found evidence of a causal effect of adiposity on blood pressure, fasting levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in a nonstratified analysis and in the <55-year stratum. Further, we found evidence of a smaller causal effect on total cholesterol (P for difference = 0.015) in the ≥55-year stratum than in the <55-year stratum, a finding that could be explained by biology, survival bias, or differential medication. In conclusion, this study extends previous knowledge of the effects of adiposity by providing sex- and age-specific causal estimates on cardiovascular risk factors.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2015 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fall</LastName><ForeName>Tove</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hägg</LastName><ForeName>Sara</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ploner</LastName><ForeName>Alexander</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mägi</LastName><ForeName>Reedik</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fischer</LastName><ForeName>Krista</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Draisma</LastName><ForeName>Harmen H M</ForeName><Initials>HH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sarin</LastName><ForeName>Antti-Pekka</ForeName><Initials>AP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benyamin</LastName><ForeName>Beben</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ladenvall</LastName><ForeName>Claes</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Åkerlund</LastName><ForeName>Mikael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kals</LastName><ForeName>Mart</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Esko</LastName><ForeName>Tõnu</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nelson</LastName><ForeName>Christopher P</ForeName><Initials>CP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kaakinen</LastName><ForeName>Marika</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huikari</LastName><ForeName>Ville</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mangino</LastName><ForeName>Massimo</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meirhaeghe</LastName><ForeName>Aline</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kristiansson</LastName><ForeName>Kati</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nuotio</LastName><ForeName>Marja-Liisa</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kobl</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grallert</LastName><ForeName>Harald</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dehghan</LastName><ForeName>Abbas</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuningas</LastName><ForeName>Maris</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Vries</LastName><ForeName>Paul S</ForeName><Initials>PS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Bruijn</LastName><ForeName>Renée F A G</ForeName><Initials>RF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Willems</LastName><ForeName>Sara M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heikkilä</LastName><ForeName>Kauko</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Silventoinen</LastName><ForeName>Karri</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pietiläinen</LastName><ForeName>Kirsi H</ForeName><Initials>KH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Finland Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Legry</LastName><ForeName>Vanessa</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giedraitis</LastName><ForeName>Vilmantas</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goumidi</LastName><ForeName>Louisa</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Syvänen</LastName><ForeName>Ann-Christine</ForeName><Initials>AC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Strauch</LastName><ForeName>Konstantin</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koenig</LastName><ForeName>Wolfgang</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lichtner</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Herder</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, partner Düsseldorf, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Palotie</LastName><ForeName>Aarno</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland The Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Menni</LastName><ForeName>Cristina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Uitterlinden</LastName><ForeName>André G</ForeName><Initials>AG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuulasmaa</LastName><ForeName>Kari</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Havulinna</LastName><ForeName>Aki S</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moreno</LastName><ForeName>Luis A</ForeName><Initials>LA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gonzalez-Gross</LastName><ForeName>Marcela</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>ImFine Research Group, Departamento de Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Evans</LastName><ForeName>Alun</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tregouet</LastName><ForeName>David-Alexandre</ForeName><Initials>DA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie of Paris 06, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, UMRS 1166, Paris, France Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yarnell</LastName><ForeName>John W G</ForeName><Initials>JW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Public Health, the Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Virtamo</LastName><ForeName>Jarmo</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ferrières</LastName><ForeName>Jean</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Veronesi</LastName><ForeName>Giovanni</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perola</LastName><ForeName>Markus</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arveiler</LastName><ForeName>Dominique</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brambilla</LastName><ForeName>Paolo</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lind</LastName><ForeName>Lars</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kaprio</LastName><ForeName>Jaakko</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hofman</LastName><ForeName>Albert</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stricker</LastName><ForeName>Bruno H</ForeName><Initials>BH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Inspectorate for Health Care, the Hague, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Duijn</LastName><ForeName>Cornelia M</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ikram</LastName><ForeName>M Arfan</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Franco</LastName><ForeName>Oscar H</ForeName><Initials>OH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cottel</LastName><ForeName>Dominique</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dallongeville</LastName><ForeName>Jean</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hall</LastName><ForeName>Alistair S</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jula</LastName><ForeName>Antti</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Population Studies Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tobin</LastName><ForeName>Martin D</ForeName><Initials>MD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health Sciences and Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Penninx</LastName><ForeName>Brenda W</ForeName><Initials>BW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Peters</LastName><ForeName>Annette</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gieger</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Samani</LastName><ForeName>Nilesh J</ForeName><Initials>NJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, U.K. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Montgomery</LastName><ForeName>Grant W</ForeName><Initials>GW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Whitfield</LastName><ForeName>John B</ForeName><Initials>JB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin</LastName><ForeName>Nicholas G</ForeName><Initials>NG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Groop</LastName><ForeName>Leif</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Spector</LastName><ForeName>Tim D</ForeName><Initials>TD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Magnusson</LastName><ForeName>Patrik K</ForeName><Initials>PK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amouyel</LastName><ForeName>Philippe</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boomsma</LastName><ForeName>Dorret I</ForeName><Initials>DI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nilsson</LastName><ForeName>Peter M</ForeName><Initials>PM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Järvelin</LastName><ForeName>Marjo-Riitta</ForeName><Initials>MR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council Health Protection Agency, Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, U.K. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lyssenko</LastName><ForeName>Valeriya</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Metspalu</LastName><ForeName>Andres</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Strachan</LastName><ForeName>David P</ForeName><Initials>DP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>St. George's, University of London, London, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salomaa</LastName><ForeName>Veikko</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ripatti</LastName><ForeName>Samuli</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pedersen</LastName><ForeName>Nancy L</ForeName><Initials>NL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prokopenko</LastName><ForeName>Inga</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McCarthy</LastName><ForeName>Mark I</ForeName><Initials>MI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ingelsson</LastName><ForeName>Erik</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. erik.ingelsson@medsci.uu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>ENGAGE Consortium</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>RC2 MH089951</GrantID><Acronym>MH</Acronym><Agency>NIMH NIH 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Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>G0000934</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>MR/L01629X/1</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>AA-014041</GrantID><Acronym>AA</Acronym><Agency>NIAAA NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>G0600705</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D057666">Research Support, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0372763</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0012-1797</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008076">Cholesterol, HDL</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007328">Insulin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015850">Interleukin-6</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014280">Triglycerides</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9007-41-4</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002097">C-Reactive 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Jan;93(1):359-404</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23303913</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050154" MajorTopicYN="N">Adiposity</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000375" MajorTopicYN="N">Aging</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001794" MajorTopicYN="N">Blood Pressure</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002097" MajorTopicYN="N">C-Reactive Protein</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002318" MajorTopicYN="N">Cardiovascular Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008076" 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MajorTopicYN="N">Triglycerides</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4407863</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25712996</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">db14-0988</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.2337/db14-0988</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4407863</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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