Taphonomic Analysis of the Faunal Assemblage Associated with the Hominins (Australopithecus sediba) from the Early Pleistocene Cave Deposits of Malapa, South Africa.
Identifieur interne : 002B79 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 002B78; suivant : 002B80Taphonomic Analysis of the Faunal Assemblage Associated with the Hominins (Australopithecus sediba) from the Early Pleistocene Cave Deposits of Malapa, South Africa.
Auteurs : Aurore Val [Afrique du Sud] ; Paul H G M. Dirks [Afrique du Sud] ; Lucinda R. Backwell [Afrique du Sud] ; Francesco D'Errico [Norvège] ; Lee R. Berger [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- anatomie et histologie : Hominidae.
- Animaux, Fossiles, République d'Afrique du Sud.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Afrique du Sud.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : South Africa.
- anatomy & histology : Hominidae.
- Animals, Fossils.
Abstract
Here we present the results of a taphonomic study of the faunal assemblage associated with the hominin fossils (Australopithecus sediba) from the Malapa site. Results include estimation of body part representation, mortality profiles, type of fragmentation, identification of breakage patterns, and microscopic analysis of bone surfaces. The diversity of the faunal spectrum, presence of animals with climbing proclivities, abundance of complete and/or articulated specimens, occurrence of antimeric sets of elements, and lack of carnivore-modified bones, indicate that animals accumulated via a natural death trap leading to an area of the cave system with no access to mammalian scavengers. The co-occurrence of well preserved fossils, carnivore coprolites, deciduous teeth of brown hyaena, and some highly fragmented and poorly preserved remains supports the hypothesis of a mixing of sediments coming from distinct chambers, which collected at the bottom of the cave system through the action of periodic water flow. This combination of taphonomic features explains the remarkable state of preservation of the hominin fossils as well as some of the associated faunal material.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126904
PubMed: 26061082
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Dirks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Backwell, Lucinda R" sort="Backwell, Lucinda R" uniqKey="Backwell L" first="Lucinda R" last="Backwell">Lucinda R. Backwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Errico, Francesco" sort="D Errico, Francesco" uniqKey="D Errico F" first="Francesco" last="D'Errico">Francesco D'Errico</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199 PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France; Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199 PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France; Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berger, Lee R" sort="Berger, Lee R" uniqKey="Berger L" first="Lee R" last="Berger">Lee R. 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Results include estimation of body part representation, mortality profiles, type of fragmentation, identification of breakage patterns, and microscopic analysis of bone surfaces. The diversity of the faunal spectrum, presence of animals with climbing proclivities, abundance of complete and/or articulated specimens, occurrence of antimeric sets of elements, and lack of carnivore-modified bones, indicate that animals accumulated via a natural death trap leading to an area of the cave system with no access to mammalian scavengers. The co-occurrence of well preserved fossils, carnivore coprolites, deciduous teeth of brown hyaena, and some highly fragmented and poorly preserved remains supports the hypothesis of a mixing of sediments coming from distinct chambers, which collected at the bottom of the cave system through the action of periodic water flow. This combination of taphonomic features explains the remarkable state of preservation of the hominin fossils as well as some of the associated faunal material.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26061082</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>27</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS ONE</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Taphonomic Analysis of the Faunal Assemblage Associated with the Hominins (Australopithecus sediba) from the Early Pleistocene Cave Deposits of Malapa, South Africa.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0126904</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0126904</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Here we present the results of a taphonomic study of the faunal assemblage associated with the hominin fossils (Australopithecus sediba) from the Malapa site. Results include estimation of body part representation, mortality profiles, type of fragmentation, identification of breakage patterns, and microscopic analysis of bone surfaces. The diversity of the faunal spectrum, presence of animals with climbing proclivities, abundance of complete and/or articulated specimens, occurrence of antimeric sets of elements, and lack of carnivore-modified bones, indicate that animals accumulated via a natural death trap leading to an area of the cave system with no access to mammalian scavengers. The co-occurrence of well preserved fossils, carnivore coprolites, deciduous teeth of brown hyaena, and some highly fragmented and poorly preserved remains supports the hypothesis of a mixing of sediments coming from distinct chambers, which collected at the bottom of the cave system through the action of periodic water flow. This combination of taphonomic features explains the remarkable state of preservation of the hominin fossils as well as some of the associated faunal material.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Val</LastName><ForeName>Aurore</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dirks</LastName><ForeName>Paul H G M</ForeName><Initials>PH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Backwell</LastName><ForeName>Lucinda R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>d'Errico</LastName><ForeName>Francesco</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199 PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France; Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Berger</LastName><ForeName>Lee R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Phys Anthropol. 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Version="1">20378812</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e26940</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22073222</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005580" MajorTopicYN="Y">Fossils</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015186" MajorTopicYN="N">Hominidae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000033" MajorTopicYN="Y">anatomy & histology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013019" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">South Africa</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4465193</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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