Genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes and breast cancer susceptibility: a pooled analysis of 42,510 cases and 40,577 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.
Identifieur interne : 002452 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 002451; suivant : 002453Genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes and breast cancer susceptibility: a pooled analysis of 42,510 cases and 40,577 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.
Auteurs : Jieping Lei [Allemagne] ; Anja Rudolph [Allemagne] ; Kirsten B. Moysich [États-Unis] ; Sabine Behrens [Allemagne] ; Ellen L. Goode [États-Unis] ; Manjeet K. Bolla [Royaume-Uni] ; Joe Dennis [Royaume-Uni] ; Alison M. Dunning [Royaume-Uni] ; Douglas F. Easton [Royaume-Uni] ; Qin Wang [Royaume-Uni] ; Javier Benitez [Espagne] ; John L. Hopper [Australie] ; Melissa C. Southey [Australie] ; Marjanka K. Schmidt [Pays-Bas] ; Annegien Broeks [Pays-Bas] ; Peter A. Fasching [Allemagne] ; Lothar Haeberle [Allemagne] ; Julian Peto [Royaume-Uni] ; Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva [Royaume-Uni] ; Elinor J. Sawyer [Royaume-Uni] ; Ian Tomlinson [Royaume-Uni] ; Barbara Burwinkel [Allemagne] ; Frederik Marmé [Allemagne] ; Pascal Guénel [France] ; Thérèse Truong [France] ; Stig E. Bojesen [Danemark] ; Henrik Flyger [Danemark] ; Sune F. Nielsen [Danemark] ; B Rge G. Nordestgaard [Danemark] ; Anna González-Neira [Espagne] ; Primitiva Menéndez [Espagne] ; Hoda Anton-Culver [États-Unis] ; Susan L. Neuhausen [États-Unis] ; Hermann Brenner [Allemagne] ; Volker Arndt [Allemagne] ; Alfons Meindl [Allemagne] ; Rita K. Schmutzler [Allemagne] ; Hiltrud Brauch [Allemagne] ; Ute Hamann [Allemagne] ; Heli Nevanlinna [Finlande] ; Rainer Fagerholm [Finlande] ; Thilo Dörk [Allemagne] ; Natalia V. Bogdanova [Allemagne] ; Arto Mannermaa [Finlande] ; Jaana M. Hartikainen [Finlande] ; Laurien Van Dijck [Belgique] ; Ann Smeets [Belgique] ; Dieter Flesch-Janys [Allemagne] ; Ursula Eilber [Allemagne] ; Paolo Radice [Italie] ; Paolo Peterlongo [Italie] ; Fergus J. Couch [États-Unis] ; Emily Hallberg [États-Unis] ; Graham G. Giles [Australie] ; Roger L. Milne [Australie] ; Christopher A. Haiman [États-Unis] ; Fredrick Schumacher [États-Unis] ; Jacques Simard [Canada] ; Mark S. Goldberg [Canada] ; Vessela Kristensen [Norvège] ; Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale [Norvège] ; Wei Zheng [États-Unis] ; Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel [États-Unis] ; Robert Winqvist [Finlande] ; Mervi Grip [Finlande] ; Irene L. Andrulis [Canada] ; Gord Glendon [Canada] ; Montserrat García-Closas [Royaume-Uni] ; Jonine Figueroa [États-Unis] ; Kamila Czene [Suède] ; Judith S. Brand [Suède] ; Hatef Darabi [Suède] ; Mikael Eriksson [Suède] ; Per Hall [Suède] ; Jingmei Li [Suède] ; Angela Cox [Royaume-Uni] ; Simon S. Cross [Royaume-Uni] ; Paul D P. Pharoah [Royaume-Uni] ; Mitul Shah [Royaume-Uni] ; Maria Kabisch [Allemagne] ; Diana Torres [Allemagne] ; Anna Jakubowska [Pologne] ; Jan Lubinski [Pologne] ; Foluso Ademuyiwa [États-Unis] ; Christine B. Ambrosone [États-Unis] ; Anthony Swerdlow [Royaume-Uni] ; Michael Jones [Royaume-Uni] ; Jenny Chang-Claude [Allemagne]Source :
- Human genetics [ 1432-1203 ] ; 2016.
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Abstract
Immunosuppression plays a pivotal role in assisting tumors to evade immune destruction and promoting tumor development. We hypothesized that genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes may be implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis. We included 42,510 female breast cancer cases and 40,577 controls of European ancestry from 37 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (2015) with available genotype data for 3595 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 133 candidate genes. Associations between genotyped SNPs and overall breast cancer risk, and secondarily according to estrogen receptor (ER) status, were assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Gene-level associations were assessed based on principal component analysis. Gene expression analyses were conducted using RNA sequencing level 3 data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for 989 breast tumor samples and 113 matched normal tissue samples. SNP rs1905339 (A>G) in the STAT3 region was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (per allele odds ratio 1.05, 95 % confidence interval 1.03-1.08; p value = 1.4 × 10(-6)). The association did not differ significantly by ER status. On the gene level, in addition to TGFBR2 and CCND1, IL5 and GM-CSF showed the strongest associations with overall breast cancer risk (p value = 1.0 × 10(-3) and 7.0 × 10(-3), respectively). Furthermore, STAT3 and IL5 but not GM-CSF were differentially expressed between breast tumor tissue and normal tissue (p value = 2.5 × 10(-3), 4.5 × 10(-4) and 0.63, respectively). Our data provide evidence that the immunosuppression pathway genes STAT3, IL5, and GM-CSF may be novel susceptibility loci for breast cancer in women of European ancestry.
DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1616-8
PubMed: 26621531
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<author><name sortKey="Haeberle, Lothar" sort="Haeberle, Lothar" uniqKey="Haeberle L" first="Lothar" last="Haeberle">Lothar Haeberle</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Peto, Julian" sort="Peto, Julian" uniqKey="Peto J" first="Julian" last="Peto">Julian Peto</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Dos Santos Silva, Isabel" sort="Dos Santos Silva, Isabel" uniqKey="Dos Santos Silva I" first="Isabel" last="Dos-Santos-Silva">Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sawyer, Elinor J" sort="Sawyer, Elinor J" uniqKey="Sawyer E" first="Elinor J" last="Sawyer">Elinor J. Sawyer</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tomlinson, Ian" sort="Tomlinson, Ian" uniqKey="Tomlinson I" first="Ian" last="Tomlinson">Ian Tomlinson</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Burwinkel, Barbara" sort="Burwinkel, Barbara" uniqKey="Burwinkel B" first="Barbara" last="Burwinkel">Barbara Burwinkel</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Marme, Frederik" sort="Marme, Frederik" uniqKey="Marme F" first="Frederik" last="Marmé">Frederik Marmé</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Guenel, Pascal" sort="Guenel, Pascal" uniqKey="Guenel P" first="Pascal" last="Guénel">Pascal Guénel</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Truong, Therese" sort="Truong, Therese" uniqKey="Truong T" first="Thérèse" last="Truong">Thérèse Truong</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Bojesen, Stig E" sort="Bojesen, Stig E" uniqKey="Bojesen S" first="Stig E" last="Bojesen">Stig E. Bojesen</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Flyger, Henrik" sort="Flyger, Henrik" uniqKey="Flyger H" first="Henrik" last="Flyger">Henrik Flyger</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Sune F" sort="Nielsen, Sune F" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Sune F" last="Nielsen">Sune F. Nielsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" sort="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" uniqKey="Nordestgaard B" first="B Rge G" last="Nordestgaard">B Rge G. Nordestgaard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Neira, Anna" sort="Gonzalez Neira, Anna" uniqKey="Gonzalez Neira A" first="Anna" last="González-Neira">Anna González-Neira</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Menendez, Primitiva" sort="Menendez, Primitiva" uniqKey="Menendez P" first="Primitiva" last="Menéndez">Primitiva Menéndez</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Anton Culver, Hoda" sort="Anton Culver, Hoda" uniqKey="Anton Culver H" first="Hoda" last="Anton-Culver">Hoda Anton-Culver</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Neuhausen, Susan L" sort="Neuhausen, Susan L" uniqKey="Neuhausen S" first="Susan L" last="Neuhausen">Susan L. Neuhausen</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Brenner, Hermann" sort="Brenner, Hermann" uniqKey="Brenner H" first="Hermann" last="Brenner">Hermann Brenner</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Arndt, Volker" sort="Arndt, Volker" uniqKey="Arndt V" first="Volker" last="Arndt">Volker Arndt</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Meindl, Alfons" sort="Meindl, Alfons" uniqKey="Meindl A" first="Alfons" last="Meindl">Alfons Meindl</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Schmutzler, Rita K" sort="Schmutzler, Rita K" uniqKey="Schmutzler R" first="Rita K" last="Schmutzler">Rita K. Schmutzler</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Brauch, Hiltrud" sort="Brauch, Hiltrud" uniqKey="Brauch H" first="Hiltrud" last="Brauch">Hiltrud Brauch</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Hamann, Ute" sort="Hamann, Ute" uniqKey="Hamann U" first="Ute" last="Hamann">Ute Hamann</name>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Nevanlinna, Heli" sort="Nevanlinna, Heli" uniqKey="Nevanlinna H" first="Heli" last="Nevanlinna">Heli Nevanlinna</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fagerholm, Rainer" sort="Fagerholm, Rainer" uniqKey="Fagerholm R" first="Rainer" last="Fagerholm">Rainer Fagerholm</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dork, Thilo" sort="Dork, Thilo" uniqKey="Dork T" first="Thilo" last="Dörk">Thilo Dörk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bogdanova, Natalia V" sort="Bogdanova, Natalia V" uniqKey="Bogdanova N" first="Natalia V" last="Bogdanova">Natalia V. Bogdanova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mannermaa, Arto" sort="Mannermaa, Arto" uniqKey="Mannermaa A" first="Arto" last="Mannermaa">Arto Mannermaa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hartikainen, Jaana M" sort="Hartikainen, Jaana M" uniqKey="Hartikainen J" first="Jaana M" last="Hartikainen">Jaana M. Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Dijck, Laurien" sort="Van Dijck, Laurien" uniqKey="Van Dijck L" first="Laurien" last="Van Dijck">Laurien Van Dijck</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>VIB Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>VIB Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smeets, Ann" sort="Smeets, Ann" uniqKey="Smeets A" first="Ann" last="Smeets">Ann Smeets</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Flesch Janys, Dieter" sort="Flesch Janys, Dieter" uniqKey="Flesch Janys D" first="Dieter" last="Flesch-Janys">Dieter Flesch-Janys</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eilber, Ursula" sort="Eilber, Ursula" uniqKey="Eilber U" first="Ursula" last="Eilber">Ursula Eilber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Radice, Paolo" sort="Radice, Paolo" uniqKey="Radice P" first="Paolo" last="Radice">Paolo Radice</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peterlongo, Paolo" sort="Peterlongo, Paolo" uniqKey="Peterlongo P" first="Paolo" last="Peterlongo">Paolo Peterlongo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Italian Foundation of Cancer Research) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Italian Foundation of Cancer Research) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Couch, Fergus J" sort="Couch, Fergus J" uniqKey="Couch F" first="Fergus J" last="Couch">Fergus J. Couch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hallberg, Emily" sort="Hallberg, Emily" uniqKey="Hallberg E" first="Emily" last="Hallberg">Emily Hallberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giles, Graham G" sort="Giles, Graham G" uniqKey="Giles G" first="Graham G" last="Giles">Graham G. Giles</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Milne, Roger L" sort="Milne, Roger L" uniqKey="Milne R" first="Roger L" last="Milne">Roger L. Milne</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haiman, Christopher A" sort="Haiman, Christopher A" uniqKey="Haiman C" first="Christopher A" last="Haiman">Christopher A. Haiman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schumacher, Fredrick" sort="Schumacher, Fredrick" uniqKey="Schumacher F" first="Fredrick" last="Schumacher">Fredrick Schumacher</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simard, Jacques" sort="Simard, Jacques" uniqKey="Simard J" first="Jacques" last="Simard">Jacques Simard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goldberg, Mark S" sort="Goldberg, Mark S" uniqKey="Goldberg M" first="Mark S" last="Goldberg">Mark S. Goldberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kristensen, Vessela" sort="Kristensen, Vessela" uniqKey="Kristensen V" first="Vessela" last="Kristensen">Vessela Kristensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="Borresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="Borresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="Borresen-Dale">Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, Wei" sort="Zheng, Wei" uniqKey="Zheng W" first="Wei" last="Zheng">Wei Zheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beeghly Fadiel, Alicia" sort="Beeghly Fadiel, Alicia" uniqKey="Beeghly Fadiel A" first="Alicia" last="Beeghly-Fadiel">Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Winqvist, Robert" sort="Winqvist, Robert" uniqKey="Winqvist R" first="Robert" last="Winqvist">Robert Winqvist</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grip, Mervi" sort="Grip, Mervi" uniqKey="Grip M" first="Mervi" last="Grip">Mervi Grip</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andrulis, Irene L" sort="Andrulis, Irene L" uniqKey="Andrulis I" first="Irene L" last="Andrulis">Irene L. Andrulis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glendon, Gord" sort="Glendon, Gord" uniqKey="Glendon G" first="Gord" last="Glendon">Gord Glendon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Closas, Montserrat" sort="Garcia Closas, Montserrat" uniqKey="Garcia Closas M" first="Montserrat" last="García-Closas">Montserrat García-Closas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Figueroa, Jonine" sort="Figueroa, Jonine" uniqKey="Figueroa J" first="Jonine" last="Figueroa">Jonine Figueroa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Czene, Kamila" sort="Czene, Kamila" uniqKey="Czene K" first="Kamila" last="Czene">Kamila Czene</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brand, Judith S" sort="Brand, Judith S" uniqKey="Brand J" first="Judith S" last="Brand">Judith S. Brand</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Darabi, Hatef" sort="Darabi, Hatef" uniqKey="Darabi H" first="Hatef" last="Darabi">Hatef Darabi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Mikael" sort="Eriksson, Mikael" uniqKey="Eriksson M" first="Mikael" last="Eriksson">Mikael Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hall, Per" sort="Hall, Per" uniqKey="Hall P" first="Per" last="Hall">Per Hall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jingmei" sort="Li, Jingmei" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jingmei" last="Li">Jingmei Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cox, Angela" sort="Cox, Angela" uniqKey="Cox A" first="Angela" last="Cox">Angela Cox</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cross, Simon S" sort="Cross, Simon S" uniqKey="Cross S" first="Simon S" last="Cross">Simon S. Cross</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pharoah, Paul D P" sort="Pharoah, Paul D P" uniqKey="Pharoah P" first="Paul D P" last="Pharoah">Paul D P. Pharoah</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shah, Mitul" sort="Shah, Mitul" uniqKey="Shah M" first="Mitul" last="Shah">Mitul Shah</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabisch, Maria" sort="Kabisch, Maria" uniqKey="Kabisch M" first="Maria" last="Kabisch">Maria Kabisch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Torres, Diana" sort="Torres, Diana" uniqKey="Torres D" first="Diana" last="Torres">Diana Torres</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jakubowska, Anna" sort="Jakubowska, Anna" uniqKey="Jakubowska A" first="Anna" last="Jakubowska">Anna Jakubowska</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lubinski, Jan" sort="Lubinski, Jan" uniqKey="Lubinski J" first="Jan" last="Lubinski">Jan Lubinski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Foluso" sort="Ademuyiwa, Foluso" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa F" first="Foluso" last="Ademuyiwa">Foluso Ademuyiwa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ambrosone, Christine B" sort="Ambrosone, Christine B" uniqKey="Ambrosone C" first="Christine B" last="Ambrosone">Christine B. Ambrosone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Swerdlow, Anthony" sort="Swerdlow, Anthony" uniqKey="Swerdlow A" first="Anthony" last="Swerdlow">Anthony Swerdlow</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jones, Michael" sort="Jones, Michael" uniqKey="Jones M" first="Michael" last="Jones">Michael Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chang Claude, Jenny" sort="Chang Claude, Jenny" uniqKey="Chang Claude J" first="Jenny" last="Chang-Claude">Jenny Chang-Claude</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. j.chang-claude@dkfz-heidelberg.de.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:26621531</idno>
<idno type="pmid">26621531</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/s00439-015-1616-8</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes and breast cancer susceptibility: a pooled analysis of 42,510 cases and 40,577 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Lei, Jieping" sort="Lei, Jieping" uniqKey="Lei J" first="Jieping" last="Lei">Jieping Lei</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rudolph, Anja" sort="Rudolph, Anja" uniqKey="Rudolph A" first="Anja" last="Rudolph">Anja Rudolph</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moysich, Kirsten B" sort="Moysich, Kirsten B" uniqKey="Moysich K" first="Kirsten B" last="Moysich">Kirsten B. Moysich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Behrens, Sabine" sort="Behrens, Sabine" uniqKey="Behrens S" first="Sabine" last="Behrens">Sabine Behrens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goode, Ellen L" sort="Goode, Ellen L" uniqKey="Goode E" first="Ellen L" last="Goode">Ellen L. Goode</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bolla, Manjeet K" sort="Bolla, Manjeet K" uniqKey="Bolla M" first="Manjeet K" last="Bolla">Manjeet K. Bolla</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dennis, Joe" sort="Dennis, Joe" uniqKey="Dennis J" first="Joe" last="Dennis">Joe Dennis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dunning, Alison M" sort="Dunning, Alison M" uniqKey="Dunning A" first="Alison M" last="Dunning">Alison M. Dunning</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Easton, Douglas F" sort="Easton, Douglas F" uniqKey="Easton D" first="Douglas F" last="Easton">Douglas F. Easton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Qin" sort="Wang, Qin" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qin" last="Wang">Qin Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benitez, Javier" sort="Benitez, Javier" uniqKey="Benitez J" first="Javier" last="Benitez">Javier Benitez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hopper, John L" sort="Hopper, John L" uniqKey="Hopper J" first="John L" last="Hopper">John L. Hopper</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Southey, Melissa C" sort="Southey, Melissa C" uniqKey="Southey M" first="Melissa C" last="Southey">Melissa C. Southey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Marjanka K" sort="Schmidt, Marjanka K" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="Marjanka K" last="Schmidt">Marjanka K. Schmidt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Broeks, Annegien" sort="Broeks, Annegien" uniqKey="Broeks A" first="Annegien" last="Broeks">Annegien Broeks</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fasching, Peter A" sort="Fasching, Peter A" uniqKey="Fasching P" first="Peter A" last="Fasching">Peter A. Fasching</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haeberle, Lothar" sort="Haeberle, Lothar" uniqKey="Haeberle L" first="Lothar" last="Haeberle">Lothar Haeberle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peto, Julian" sort="Peto, Julian" uniqKey="Peto J" first="Julian" last="Peto">Julian Peto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dos Santos Silva, Isabel" sort="Dos Santos Silva, Isabel" uniqKey="Dos Santos Silva I" first="Isabel" last="Dos-Santos-Silva">Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sawyer, Elinor J" sort="Sawyer, Elinor J" uniqKey="Sawyer E" first="Elinor J" last="Sawyer">Elinor J. Sawyer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tomlinson, Ian" sort="Tomlinson, Ian" uniqKey="Tomlinson I" first="Ian" last="Tomlinson">Ian Tomlinson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burwinkel, Barbara" sort="Burwinkel, Barbara" uniqKey="Burwinkel B" first="Barbara" last="Burwinkel">Barbara Burwinkel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marme, Frederik" sort="Marme, Frederik" uniqKey="Marme F" first="Frederik" last="Marmé">Frederik Marmé</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guenel, Pascal" sort="Guenel, Pascal" uniqKey="Guenel P" first="Pascal" last="Guénel">Pascal Guénel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Truong, Therese" sort="Truong, Therese" uniqKey="Truong T" first="Thérèse" last="Truong">Thérèse Truong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bojesen, Stig E" sort="Bojesen, Stig E" uniqKey="Bojesen S" first="Stig E" last="Bojesen">Stig E. Bojesen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Flyger, Henrik" sort="Flyger, Henrik" uniqKey="Flyger H" first="Henrik" last="Flyger">Henrik Flyger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Sune F" sort="Nielsen, Sune F" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Sune F" last="Nielsen">Sune F. Nielsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" sort="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" uniqKey="Nordestgaard B" first="B Rge G" last="Nordestgaard">B Rge G. Nordestgaard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Neira, Anna" sort="Gonzalez Neira, Anna" uniqKey="Gonzalez Neira A" first="Anna" last="González-Neira">Anna González-Neira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Menendez, Primitiva" sort="Menendez, Primitiva" uniqKey="Menendez P" first="Primitiva" last="Menéndez">Primitiva Menéndez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Anton Culver, Hoda" sort="Anton Culver, Hoda" uniqKey="Anton Culver H" first="Hoda" last="Anton-Culver">Hoda Anton-Culver</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Neuhausen, Susan L" sort="Neuhausen, Susan L" uniqKey="Neuhausen S" first="Susan L" last="Neuhausen">Susan L. Neuhausen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brenner, Hermann" sort="Brenner, Hermann" uniqKey="Brenner H" first="Hermann" last="Brenner">Hermann Brenner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arndt, Volker" sort="Arndt, Volker" uniqKey="Arndt V" first="Volker" last="Arndt">Volker Arndt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meindl, Alfons" sort="Meindl, Alfons" uniqKey="Meindl A" first="Alfons" last="Meindl">Alfons Meindl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schmutzler, Rita K" sort="Schmutzler, Rita K" uniqKey="Schmutzler R" first="Rita K" last="Schmutzler">Rita K. Schmutzler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brauch, Hiltrud" sort="Brauch, Hiltrud" uniqKey="Brauch H" first="Hiltrud" last="Brauch">Hiltrud Brauch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hamann, Ute" sort="Hamann, Ute" uniqKey="Hamann U" first="Ute" last="Hamann">Ute Hamann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nevanlinna, Heli" sort="Nevanlinna, Heli" uniqKey="Nevanlinna H" first="Heli" last="Nevanlinna">Heli Nevanlinna</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fagerholm, Rainer" sort="Fagerholm, Rainer" uniqKey="Fagerholm R" first="Rainer" last="Fagerholm">Rainer Fagerholm</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dork, Thilo" sort="Dork, Thilo" uniqKey="Dork T" first="Thilo" last="Dörk">Thilo Dörk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bogdanova, Natalia V" sort="Bogdanova, Natalia V" uniqKey="Bogdanova N" first="Natalia V" last="Bogdanova">Natalia V. Bogdanova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mannermaa, Arto" sort="Mannermaa, Arto" uniqKey="Mannermaa A" first="Arto" last="Mannermaa">Arto Mannermaa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hartikainen, Jaana M" sort="Hartikainen, Jaana M" uniqKey="Hartikainen J" first="Jaana M" last="Hartikainen">Jaana M. Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Dijck, Laurien" sort="Van Dijck, Laurien" uniqKey="Van Dijck L" first="Laurien" last="Van Dijck">Laurien Van Dijck</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>VIB Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>VIB Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smeets, Ann" sort="Smeets, Ann" uniqKey="Smeets A" first="Ann" last="Smeets">Ann Smeets</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Flesch Janys, Dieter" sort="Flesch Janys, Dieter" uniqKey="Flesch Janys D" first="Dieter" last="Flesch-Janys">Dieter Flesch-Janys</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eilber, Ursula" sort="Eilber, Ursula" uniqKey="Eilber U" first="Ursula" last="Eilber">Ursula Eilber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Radice, Paolo" sort="Radice, Paolo" uniqKey="Radice P" first="Paolo" last="Radice">Paolo Radice</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peterlongo, Paolo" sort="Peterlongo, Paolo" uniqKey="Peterlongo P" first="Paolo" last="Peterlongo">Paolo Peterlongo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Italian Foundation of Cancer Research) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Italian Foundation of Cancer Research) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Couch, Fergus J" sort="Couch, Fergus J" uniqKey="Couch F" first="Fergus J" last="Couch">Fergus J. Couch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hallberg, Emily" sort="Hallberg, Emily" uniqKey="Hallberg E" first="Emily" last="Hallberg">Emily Hallberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giles, Graham G" sort="Giles, Graham G" uniqKey="Giles G" first="Graham G" last="Giles">Graham G. Giles</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Milne, Roger L" sort="Milne, Roger L" uniqKey="Milne R" first="Roger L" last="Milne">Roger L. Milne</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haiman, Christopher A" sort="Haiman, Christopher A" uniqKey="Haiman C" first="Christopher A" last="Haiman">Christopher A. Haiman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schumacher, Fredrick" sort="Schumacher, Fredrick" uniqKey="Schumacher F" first="Fredrick" last="Schumacher">Fredrick Schumacher</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simard, Jacques" sort="Simard, Jacques" uniqKey="Simard J" first="Jacques" last="Simard">Jacques Simard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Goldberg, Mark S" sort="Goldberg, Mark S" uniqKey="Goldberg M" first="Mark S" last="Goldberg">Mark S. Goldberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kristensen, Vessela" sort="Kristensen, Vessela" uniqKey="Kristensen V" first="Vessela" last="Kristensen">Vessela Kristensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="Borresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="Borresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="Borresen-Dale">Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, Wei" sort="Zheng, Wei" uniqKey="Zheng W" first="Wei" last="Zheng">Wei Zheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beeghly Fadiel, Alicia" sort="Beeghly Fadiel, Alicia" uniqKey="Beeghly Fadiel A" first="Alicia" last="Beeghly-Fadiel">Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Winqvist, Robert" sort="Winqvist, Robert" uniqKey="Winqvist R" first="Robert" last="Winqvist">Robert Winqvist</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grip, Mervi" sort="Grip, Mervi" uniqKey="Grip M" first="Mervi" last="Grip">Mervi Grip</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andrulis, Irene L" sort="Andrulis, Irene L" uniqKey="Andrulis I" first="Irene L" last="Andrulis">Irene L. Andrulis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glendon, Gord" sort="Glendon, Gord" uniqKey="Glendon G" first="Gord" last="Glendon">Gord Glendon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garcia Closas, Montserrat" sort="Garcia Closas, Montserrat" uniqKey="Garcia Closas M" first="Montserrat" last="García-Closas">Montserrat García-Closas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Figueroa, Jonine" sort="Figueroa, Jonine" uniqKey="Figueroa J" first="Jonine" last="Figueroa">Jonine Figueroa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Czene, Kamila" sort="Czene, Kamila" uniqKey="Czene K" first="Kamila" last="Czene">Kamila Czene</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brand, Judith S" sort="Brand, Judith S" uniqKey="Brand J" first="Judith S" last="Brand">Judith S. Brand</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Darabi, Hatef" sort="Darabi, Hatef" uniqKey="Darabi H" first="Hatef" last="Darabi">Hatef Darabi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Mikael" sort="Eriksson, Mikael" uniqKey="Eriksson M" first="Mikael" last="Eriksson">Mikael Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hall, Per" sort="Hall, Per" uniqKey="Hall P" first="Per" last="Hall">Per Hall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Jingmei" sort="Li, Jingmei" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jingmei" last="Li">Jingmei Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cox, Angela" sort="Cox, Angela" uniqKey="Cox A" first="Angela" last="Cox">Angela Cox</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cross, Simon S" sort="Cross, Simon S" uniqKey="Cross S" first="Simon S" last="Cross">Simon S. Cross</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pharoah, Paul D P" sort="Pharoah, Paul D P" uniqKey="Pharoah P" first="Paul D P" last="Pharoah">Paul D P. Pharoah</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shah, Mitul" sort="Shah, Mitul" uniqKey="Shah M" first="Mitul" last="Shah">Mitul Shah</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kabisch, Maria" sort="Kabisch, Maria" uniqKey="Kabisch M" first="Maria" last="Kabisch">Maria Kabisch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Torres, Diana" sort="Torres, Diana" uniqKey="Torres D" first="Diana" last="Torres">Diana Torres</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jakubowska, Anna" sort="Jakubowska, Anna" uniqKey="Jakubowska A" first="Anna" last="Jakubowska">Anna Jakubowska</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lubinski, Jan" sort="Lubinski, Jan" uniqKey="Lubinski J" first="Jan" last="Lubinski">Jan Lubinski</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Foluso" sort="Ademuyiwa, Foluso" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa F" first="Foluso" last="Ademuyiwa">Foluso Ademuyiwa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ambrosone, Christine B" sort="Ambrosone, Christine B" uniqKey="Ambrosone C" first="Christine B" last="Ambrosone">Christine B. Ambrosone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Swerdlow, Anthony" sort="Swerdlow, Anthony" uniqKey="Swerdlow A" first="Anthony" last="Swerdlow">Anthony Swerdlow</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jones, Michael" sort="Jones, Michael" uniqKey="Jones M" first="Michael" last="Jones">Michael Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chang Claude, Jenny" sort="Chang Claude, Jenny" uniqKey="Chang Claude J" first="Jenny" last="Chang-Claude">Jenny Chang-Claude</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. j.chang-claude@dkfz-heidelberg.de.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Human genetics</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1432-1203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Breast Neoplasms (genetics)</term>
<term>Case-Control Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genetic Predisposition to Disease</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immune Tolerance (genetics)</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term>
<term>Prédisposition génétique à une maladie</term>
<term>Tolérance immunitaire (génétique)</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein (génétique)</term>
<term>Études cas-témoins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Breast Neoplasms</term>
<term>Immune Tolerance</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tolérance immunitaire</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Case-Control Studies</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genetic Predisposition to Disease</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term>
<term>Prédisposition génétique à une maladie</term>
<term>Études cas-témoins</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Immunosuppression plays a pivotal role in assisting tumors to evade immune destruction and promoting tumor development. We hypothesized that genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes may be implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis. We included 42,510 female breast cancer cases and 40,577 controls of European ancestry from 37 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (2015) with available genotype data for 3595 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 133 candidate genes. Associations between genotyped SNPs and overall breast cancer risk, and secondarily according to estrogen receptor (ER) status, were assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Gene-level associations were assessed based on principal component analysis. Gene expression analyses were conducted using RNA sequencing level 3 data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for 989 breast tumor samples and 113 matched normal tissue samples. SNP rs1905339 (A>G) in the STAT3 region was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (per allele odds ratio 1.05, 95 % confidence interval 1.03-1.08; p value = 1.4 × 10(-6)). The association did not differ significantly by ER status. On the gene level, in addition to TGFBR2 and CCND1, IL5 and GM-CSF showed the strongest associations with overall breast cancer risk (p value = 1.0 × 10(-3) and 7.0 × 10(-3), respectively). Furthermore, STAT3 and IL5 but not GM-CSF were differentially expressed between breast tumor tissue and normal tissue (p value = 2.5 × 10(-3), 4.5 × 10(-4) and 0.63, respectively). Our data provide evidence that the immunosuppression pathway genes STAT3, IL5, and GM-CSF may be novel susceptibility loci for breast cancer in women of European ancestry.</div>
</front>
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<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26621531</PMID>
<DateCreated><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>04</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>22</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1432-1203</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>135</Volume>
<Issue>1</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>Jan</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Human genetics</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Hum. Genet.</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes and breast cancer susceptibility: a pooled analysis of 42,510 cases and 40,577 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>137-54</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00439-015-1616-8</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Immunosuppression plays a pivotal role in assisting tumors to evade immune destruction and promoting tumor development. We hypothesized that genetic variation in the immunosuppression pathway genes may be implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis. We included 42,510 female breast cancer cases and 40,577 controls of European ancestry from 37 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (2015) with available genotype data for 3595 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 133 candidate genes. Associations between genotyped SNPs and overall breast cancer risk, and secondarily according to estrogen receptor (ER) status, were assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Gene-level associations were assessed based on principal component analysis. Gene expression analyses were conducted using RNA sequencing level 3 data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for 989 breast tumor samples and 113 matched normal tissue samples. SNP rs1905339 (A>G) in the STAT3 region was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (per allele odds ratio 1.05, 95 % confidence interval 1.03-1.08; p value = 1.4 × 10(-6)). The association did not differ significantly by ER status. On the gene level, in addition to TGFBR2 and CCND1, IL5 and GM-CSF showed the strongest associations with overall breast cancer risk (p value = 1.0 × 10(-3) and 7.0 × 10(-3), respectively). Furthermore, STAT3 and IL5 but not GM-CSF were differentially expressed between breast tumor tissue and normal tissue (p value = 2.5 × 10(-3), 4.5 × 10(-4) and 0.63, respectively). Our data provide evidence that the immunosuppression pathway genes STAT3, IL5, and GM-CSF may be novel susceptibility loci for breast cancer in women of European ancestry.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.</Affiliation>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.</Affiliation>
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