Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study.
Identifieur interne : 002414 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 002413; suivant : 002415Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study.
Auteurs : Helen Kovari [Suisse] ; Caroline A. Sabin [Royaume-Uni] ; Bruno Ledergerber [Suisse] ; Lene Ryom [Danemark] ; Peter Reiss [Pays-Bas] ; Matthew Law [Australie] ; Christian Pradier [France] ; Francois Dabis ; Antonella D'Arminio Monforte [Italie] ; Colette Smith [Royaume-Uni] ; Stephane De Wit [Belgique] ; Ole Kirk [Danemark] ; Jens D. Lundgren [Danemark] ; Rainer Weber [Suisse]Source :
- Open forum infectious diseases [ 2328-8957 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Background. Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) frequently have chronic liver enzyme elevation (cLEE), the underlying cause is often unclear. Methods. Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study participants without chronic viral hepatitis were observed to the earliest of cLEE (elevated aminotransferase ≥6 months), death, last follow-up, or January 2, 2014. Antiretroviral treatment exposure was categorized as follows: no exposure and ongoing short- and long-term exposure (<2 or ≥2 years) after initiation. Association between development of cLEE and ART exposure was investigated using Poisson regression. Results. Among 21 485 participants observed for 105 413 person-years (PY), 6368 developed cLEE (incidence 6.04/100 PY; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.89-6.19). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was associated with short-and long-term exposure to didanosine (<2 years rate ratio [RR] = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.11-1.49; >2 years RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.13-1.41); stavudine (<2 years RR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.26-1.81; >2 years RR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.03-1.32), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (<2 years RR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.40-1.72; >2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.05-1.32), but only short-term exposure to nevirapine (<2 years RR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.29-1.61), efavirenz (<2 years RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03-1.26), emtricitabine (<2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04-1.33), and atazanavir (<2 years RR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04-1.38). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was not associated with use of lamivudine, abacavir, and other protease inhibitors. Mortality did not differ between participants with and without cLEE. Conclusions. Although didanosine, stavudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz have been described to be hepatotoxic, we additionally observed a consistent association between tenofovir and cLEE emerging within the first 2 years after drug initiation. This novel tenofovir-cLEE signal should be further investigated.
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw009
PubMed: 26925429
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Francois Dabis<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study.</title><author><name sortKey="Kovari, Helen" sort="Kovari, Helen" uniqKey="Kovari H" first="Helen" last="Kovari">Helen Kovari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabin, Caroline A" sort="Sabin, Caroline A" uniqKey="Sabin C" first="Caroline A" last="Sabin">Caroline A. Sabin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ledergerber, Bruno" sort="Ledergerber, Bruno" uniqKey="Ledergerber B" first="Bruno" last="Ledergerber">Bruno Ledergerber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryom, Lene" sort="Ryom, Lene" uniqKey="Ryom L" first="Lene" last="Ryom">Lene Ryom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reiss, Peter" sort="Reiss, Peter" uniqKey="Reiss P" first="Peter" last="Reiss">Peter Reiss</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health , Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health , Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Law, Matthew" sort="Law, Matthew" uniqKey="Law M" first="Matthew" last="Law">Matthew Law</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society , University of New South Wales , Sydney </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pradier, Christian" sort="Pradier, Christian" uniqKey="Pradier C" first="Christian" last="Pradier">Christian Pradier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health , Nice University Hospital , France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health , Nice University Hospital </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabis, Francois" sort="Dabis, Francois" uniqKey="Dabis F" first="Francois" last="Dabis">Francois Dabis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Arminio Monforte, Antonella" sort="D Arminio Monforte, Antonella" uniqKey="D Arminio Monforte A" first="Antonella" last="D'Arminio Monforte">Antonella D'Arminio Monforte</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences , San Paolo University Hospital , Milan , Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences , San Paolo University Hospital , Milan </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Colette" sort="Smith, Colette" uniqKey="Smith C" first="Colette" last="Smith">Colette Smith</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Wit, Stephane" sort="De Wit, Stephane" uniqKey="De Wit S" first="Stephane" last="De Wit">Stephane De Wit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Pierre University Hospital , Brussels , Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Pierre University Hospital , Brussels </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirk, Ole" sort="Kirk, Ole" uniqKey="Kirk O" first="Ole" last="Kirk">Ole Kirk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lundgren, Jens D" sort="Lundgren, Jens D" uniqKey="Lundgren J" first="Jens D" last="Lundgren">Jens D. Lundgren</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Rainer" sort="Weber, Rainer" uniqKey="Weber R" first="Rainer" last="Weber">Rainer Weber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26925429</idno><idno type="pmid">26925429</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/ofid/ofw009</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002461</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002461</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002414</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002414</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study.</title><author><name sortKey="Kovari, Helen" sort="Kovari, Helen" uniqKey="Kovari H" first="Helen" last="Kovari">Helen Kovari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabin, Caroline A" sort="Sabin, Caroline A" uniqKey="Sabin C" first="Caroline A" last="Sabin">Caroline A. Sabin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ledergerber, Bruno" sort="Ledergerber, Bruno" uniqKey="Ledergerber B" first="Bruno" last="Ledergerber">Bruno Ledergerber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryom, Lene" sort="Ryom, Lene" uniqKey="Ryom L" first="Lene" last="Ryom">Lene Ryom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reiss, Peter" sort="Reiss, Peter" uniqKey="Reiss P" first="Peter" last="Reiss">Peter Reiss</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health , Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health , Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Law, Matthew" sort="Law, Matthew" uniqKey="Law M" first="Matthew" last="Law">Matthew Law</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society , University of New South Wales , Sydney </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pradier, Christian" sort="Pradier, Christian" uniqKey="Pradier C" first="Christian" last="Pradier">Christian Pradier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health , Nice University Hospital , France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health , Nice University Hospital </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabis, Francois" sort="Dabis, Francois" uniqKey="Dabis F" first="Francois" last="Dabis">Francois Dabis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Arminio Monforte, Antonella" sort="D Arminio Monforte, Antonella" uniqKey="D Arminio Monforte A" first="Antonella" last="D'Arminio Monforte">Antonella D'Arminio Monforte</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health Sciences , San Paolo University Hospital , Milan , Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Sciences , San Paolo University Hospital , Milan </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Colette" sort="Smith, Colette" uniqKey="Smith C" first="Colette" last="Smith">Colette Smith</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Wit, Stephane" sort="De Wit, Stephane" uniqKey="De Wit S" first="Stephane" last="De Wit">Stephane De Wit</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Pierre University Hospital , Brussels , Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Pierre University Hospital , Brussels </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirk, Ole" sort="Kirk, Ole" uniqKey="Kirk O" first="Ole" last="Kirk">Ole Kirk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lundgren, Jens D" sort="Lundgren, Jens D" uniqKey="Lundgren J" first="Jens D" last="Lundgren">Jens D. Lundgren</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Rainer" sort="Weber, Rainer" uniqKey="Weber R" first="Rainer" last="Weber">Rainer Weber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich </wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Open forum infectious diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">2328-8957</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background. Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) frequently have chronic liver enzyme elevation (cLEE), the underlying cause is often unclear. Methods. Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study participants without chronic viral hepatitis were observed to the earliest of cLEE (elevated aminotransferase ≥6 months), death, last follow-up, or January 2, 2014. Antiretroviral treatment exposure was categorized as follows: no exposure and ongoing short- and long-term exposure (<2 or ≥2 years) after initiation. Association between development of cLEE and ART exposure was investigated using Poisson regression. Results. Among 21 485 participants observed for 105 413 person-years (PY), 6368 developed cLEE (incidence 6.04/100 PY; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.89-6.19). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was associated with short-and long-term exposure to didanosine (<2 years rate ratio [RR] = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.11-1.49; >2 years RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.13-1.41); stavudine (<2 years RR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.26-1.81; >2 years RR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.03-1.32), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (<2 years RR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.40-1.72; >2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.05-1.32), but only short-term exposure to nevirapine (<2 years RR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.29-1.61), efavirenz (<2 years RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03-1.26), emtricitabine (<2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04-1.33), and atazanavir (<2 years RR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04-1.38). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was not associated with use of lamivudine, abacavir, and other protease inhibitors. Mortality did not differ between participants with and without cLEE. Conclusions. Although didanosine, stavudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz have been described to be hepatotoxic, we additionally observed a consistent association between tenofovir and cLEE emerging within the first 2 years after drug initiation. This novel tenofovir-cLEE signal should be further investigated.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26925429</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2328-8957</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>3</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jan</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Open forum infectious diseases</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Open Forum Infect Dis</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Antiretroviral Drugs and Risk of Chronic Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Monoinfected Persons: The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>ofw009</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/ofid/ofw009</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Background. Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) frequently have chronic liver enzyme elevation (cLEE), the underlying cause is often unclear. Methods. Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study participants without chronic viral hepatitis were observed to the earliest of cLEE (elevated aminotransferase ≥6 months), death, last follow-up, or January 2, 2014. Antiretroviral treatment exposure was categorized as follows: no exposure and ongoing short- and long-term exposure (<2 or ≥2 years) after initiation. Association between development of cLEE and ART exposure was investigated using Poisson regression. Results. Among 21 485 participants observed for 105 413 person-years (PY), 6368 developed cLEE (incidence 6.04/100 PY; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.89-6.19). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was associated with short-and long-term exposure to didanosine (<2 years rate ratio [RR] = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.11-1.49; >2 years RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.13-1.41); stavudine (<2 years RR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.26-1.81; >2 years RR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.03-1.32), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (<2 years RR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.40-1.72; >2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.05-1.32), but only short-term exposure to nevirapine (<2 years RR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.29-1.61), efavirenz (<2 years RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03-1.26), emtricitabine (<2 years RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04-1.33), and atazanavir (<2 years RR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04-1.38). Chronic liver enzyme elevation was not associated with use of lamivudine, abacavir, and other protease inhibitors. Mortality did not differ between participants with and without cLEE. Conclusions. Although didanosine, stavudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz have been described to be hepatotoxic, we additionally observed a consistent association between tenofovir and cLEE emerging within the first 2 years after drug initiation. This novel tenofovir-cLEE signal should be further investigated.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kovari</LastName><ForeName>Helen</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sabin</LastName><ForeName>Caroline A</ForeName><Initials>CA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ledergerber</LastName><ForeName>Bruno</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ryom</LastName><ForeName>Lene</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Reiss</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health , Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Law</LastName><ForeName>Matthew</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pradier</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health , Nice University Hospital , France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dabis</LastName><ForeName>Francois</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>d'Arminio Monforte</LastName><ForeName>Antonella</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health Sciences , San Paolo University Hospital , Milan , Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smith</LastName><ForeName>Colette</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Department of Infection and Population Health , University College London , United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Wit</LastName><ForeName>Stephane</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Pierre University Hospital , Brussels , Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kirk</LastName><ForeName>Ole</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lundgren</LastName><ForeName>Jens D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CHIP, Department of Infectious Diseases , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , København , Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weber</LastName><ForeName>Rainer</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology , University Hospital Zurich , Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>U01 AI042170</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01 AI046362</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01 AI069907</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Open Forum Infect Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101637045</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2328-8957</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Curr Drug Saf. 2012 Nov 1;7(5):391-3</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23373554</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections 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Version="1">19100265</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>JAMA. 2004 Jul 14;292(2):191-201</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15249568</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009 Apr 15;50(5):464-73</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19225402</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Jun;48(6):2091-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15155205</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4767274</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">HIV</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">alanine aminotransferase</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">antiretroviral therapy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hepatotoxicity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">liver disease</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26925429</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/ofid/ofw009</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">ofw009</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4767274</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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