Lateral transport of soil carbon and land-atmosphere CO2 flux induced by water erosion in China.
Identifieur interne : 001C88 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 001C87; suivant : 001C89Lateral transport of soil carbon and land-atmosphere CO2 flux induced by water erosion in China.
Auteurs : Yao Yue [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinren Ni [République populaire de Chine] ; Philippe Ciais [France] ; Shilong Piao [République populaire de Chine] ; Tao Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Mengtian Huang [République populaire de Chine] ; Alistair G L. Borthwick [Royaume-Uni] ; Tianhong Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Yichu Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Adrian Chappell [Australie] ; Kristof Van Oost [Belgique]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 1091-6490 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Soil erosion by water impacts soil organic carbon stocks and alters CO2 fluxes exchanged with the atmosphere. The role of erosion as a net sink or source of atmospheric CO2 remains highly debated, and little information is available at scales larger than small catchments or regions. This study attempts to quantify the lateral transport of soil carbon and consequent land-atmosphere CO2 fluxes at the scale of China, where severe erosion has occurred for several decades. Based on the distribution of soil erosion rates derived from detailed national surveys and soil carbon inventories, here we show that water erosion in China displaced 180 ± 80 Mt C⋅y(-1) of soil organic carbon during the last two decades, and this resulted a net land sink for atmospheric CO2 of 45 ± 25 Mt C⋅y(-1), equivalent to 8-37% of the terrestrial carbon sink previously assessed in China. Interestingly, the "hotspots," largely distributed in mountainous regions in the most intensive sink areas (>40 g C⋅m(-2)⋅y(-1)), occupy only 1.5% of the total area suffering water erosion, but contribute 19.3% to the national erosion-induced CO2 sink. The erosion-induced CO2 sink underwent a remarkable reduction of about 16% from the middle 1990s to the early 2010s, due to diminishing erosion after the implementation of large-scale soil conservation programs. These findings demonstrate the necessity of including erosion-induced CO2 in the terrestrial budget, hence reducing the level of uncertainty.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1523358113
PubMed: 27247397
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School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ni, Jinren" sort="Ni, Jinren" uniqKey="Ni J" first="Jinren" last="Ni">Jinren Ni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; nijinren@iee.pku.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ciais, Philippe" sort="Ciais, Philippe" uniqKey="Ciais P" first="Philippe" last="Ciais">Philippe Ciais</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piao, Shilong" sort="Piao, Shilong" uniqKey="Piao S" first="Shilong" last="Piao">Shilong Piao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Tao" sort="Wang, Tao" uniqKey="Wang T" first="Tao" last="Wang">Tao Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Mengtian" sort="Huang, Mengtian" uniqKey="Huang M" first="Mengtian" last="Huang">Mengtian Huang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borthwick, Alistair G L" sort="Borthwick, Alistair G L" uniqKey="Borthwick A" first="Alistair G L" last="Borthwick">Alistair G L. Borthwick</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Tianhong" sort="Li, Tianhong" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tianhong" last="Li">Tianhong Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yichu" sort="Wang, Yichu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yichu" last="Wang">Yichu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chappell, Adrian" sort="Chappell, Adrian" uniqKey="Chappell A" first="Adrian" last="Chappell">Adrian Chappell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Land & Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Land & Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Oost, Kristof" sort="Van Oost, Kristof" uniqKey="Van Oost K" first="Kristof" last="Van Oost">Kristof Van Oost</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Earth and Life Institute, Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Soil erosion by water impacts soil organic carbon stocks and alters CO2 fluxes exchanged with the atmosphere. The role of erosion as a net sink or source of atmospheric CO2 remains highly debated, and little information is available at scales larger than small catchments or regions. This study attempts to quantify the lateral transport of soil carbon and consequent land-atmosphere CO2 fluxes at the scale of China, where severe erosion has occurred for several decades. Based on the distribution of soil erosion rates derived from detailed national surveys and soil carbon inventories, here we show that water erosion in China displaced 180 ± 80 Mt C⋅y(-1) of soil organic carbon during the last two decades, and this resulted a net land sink for atmospheric CO2 of 45 ± 25 Mt C⋅y(-1), equivalent to 8-37% of the terrestrial carbon sink previously assessed in China. Interestingly, the "hotspots," largely distributed in mountainous regions in the most intensive sink areas (>40 g C⋅m(-2)⋅y(-1)), occupy only 1.5% of the total area suffering water erosion, but contribute 19.3% to the national erosion-induced CO2 sink. The erosion-induced CO2 sink underwent a remarkable reduction of about 16% from the middle 1990s to the early 2010s, due to diminishing erosion after the implementation of large-scale soil conservation programs. These findings demonstrate the necessity of including erosion-induced CO2 in the terrestrial budget, hence reducing the level of uncertainty.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27247397</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1091-6490</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>113</Volume><Issue>24</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>14</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Lateral transport of soil carbon and land-atmosphere CO2 flux induced by water erosion in China.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>6617-22</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1073/pnas.1523358113</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Soil erosion by water impacts soil organic carbon stocks and alters CO2 fluxes exchanged with the atmosphere. The role of erosion as a net sink or source of atmospheric CO2 remains highly debated, and little information is available at scales larger than small catchments or regions. This study attempts to quantify the lateral transport of soil carbon and consequent land-atmosphere CO2 fluxes at the scale of China, where severe erosion has occurred for several decades. Based on the distribution of soil erosion rates derived from detailed national surveys and soil carbon inventories, here we show that water erosion in China displaced 180 ± 80 Mt C⋅y(-1) of soil organic carbon during the last two decades, and this resulted a net land sink for atmospheric CO2 of 45 ± 25 Mt C⋅y(-1), equivalent to 8-37% of the terrestrial carbon sink previously assessed in China. Interestingly, the "hotspots," largely distributed in mountainous regions in the most intensive sink areas (>40 g C⋅m(-2)⋅y(-1)), occupy only 1.5% of the total area suffering water erosion, but contribute 19.3% to the national erosion-induced CO2 sink. The erosion-induced CO2 sink underwent a remarkable reduction of about 16% from the middle 1990s to the early 2010s, due to diminishing erosion after the implementation of large-scale soil conservation programs. These findings demonstrate the necessity of including erosion-induced CO2 in the terrestrial budget, hence reducing the level of uncertainty.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yue</LastName><ForeName>Yao</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ni</LastName><ForeName>Jinren</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; nijinren@iee.pku.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ciais</LastName><ForeName>Philippe</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Piao</LastName><ForeName>Shilong</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Tao</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Mengtian</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Borthwick</LastName><ForeName>Alistair G L</ForeName><Initials>AG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Tianhong</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yichu</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chappell</LastName><ForeName>Adrian</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Land & Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Van Oost</LastName><ForeName>Kristof</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>31</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7505876</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0027-8424</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Environ Int. 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Version="1">25430970</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4914144</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">land−atmosphere CO2 flux</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">national scale</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">soil carbon displacement</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">water erosion</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27247397</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">1523358113</ArticleId><ArticleId 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