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Confidence and psychosis: a neuro-computational account of contingency learning disruption by NMDA blockade.

Identifieur interne : 001B89 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 001B88; suivant : 001B90

Confidence and psychosis: a neuro-computational account of contingency learning disruption by NMDA blockade.

Auteurs : F. Vinckier [France] ; R. Gaillard [France] ; S. Palminteri [France] ; L. Rigoux [France] ; A. Salvador [France] ; A. Fornito [Australie] ; R. Adapa [Royaume-Uni] ; M O Krebs [France] ; M. Pessiglione [France] ; P C Fletcher [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

Molecular psychiatry [ 1476-5578 ] ; 2016.

RBID : pubmed:26055423

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adulte, Apprentissage (), Conditionnement classique (), Femelle, Humains, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Kétamine (métabolisme), Kétamine (pharmacologie), Mâle, Méthode en double aveugle, Psychoses toxiques, Récepteurs du N-méthyl-D-aspartate (antagonistes et inhibiteurs), Théorème de Bayes, Troubles psychotiques (métabolisme), Troubles psychotiques (physiopathologie).
MESH :
- antagonistes et inhibiteurs : Récepteurs du N-méthyl-D-aspartate.
- métabolisme : Kétamine, Troubles psychotiques.
- pharmacologie : Kétamine.
- physiopathologie : Troubles psychotiques.
- Adulte, Apprentissage, Conditionnement classique, Femelle, Humains, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Mâle, Méthode en double aveugle, Psychoses toxiques, Théorème de Bayes.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adult, Bayes Theorem, Conditioning, Classical (drug effects), Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Ketamine (metabolism), Ketamine (pharmacology), Learning (drug effects), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Psychotic Disorders (metabolism), Psychotic Disorders (physiopathology), Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (antagonists & inhibitors).
MESH :
- chemical , antagonists & inhibitors : Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate.
- chemical , metabolism : Ketamine.
- drug effects : Conditioning, Classical, Learning.
- metabolism : Psychotic Disorders.
- chemical , pharmacology : Ketamine.
- physiopathology : Psychotic Disorders.
- Adult, Bayes Theorem, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psychoses, Substance-Induced.

Abstract

A state of pathological uncertainty about environmental regularities might represent a key step in the pathway to psychotic illness. Early psychosis can be investigated in healthy volunteers under ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist. Here, we explored the effects of ketamine on contingency learning using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants performed an instrumental learning task, in which cue-outcome contingencies were probabilistic and reversed between blocks. Bayesian model comparison indicated that in such an unstable environment, reinforcement learning parameters are downregulated depending on confidence level, an adaptive mechanism that was specifically disrupted by ketamine administration. Drug effects were underpinned by altered neural activity in a fronto-parietal network, which reflected the confidence-based shift to exploitation of learned contingencies. Our findings suggest that an early characteristic of psychosis lies in a persistent doubt that undermines the stabilization of behavioral policy resulting in a failure to exploit regularities in the environment.

DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.73
PubMed: 26055423

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Le document en format XML

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<term>Bayes Theorem</term>
<term>Conditioning, Classical (drug effects)</term>
<term>Double-Blind Method</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Ketamine (metabolism)</term>
<term>Ketamine (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Learning (drug effects)</term>
<term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Psychoses, Substance-Induced</term>
<term>Psychotic Disorders (metabolism)</term>
<term>Psychotic Disorders (physiopathology)</term>
<term>Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (antagonists & inhibitors)</term>
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<term>Apprentissage ()</term>
<term>Conditionnement classique ()</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term>
<term>Kétamine (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Kétamine (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Méthode en double aveugle</term>
<term>Psychoses toxiques</term>
<term>Récepteurs du N-méthyl-D-aspartate (antagonistes et inhibiteurs)</term>
<term>Théorème de Bayes</term>
<term>Troubles psychotiques (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Troubles psychotiques (physiopathologie)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Conditioning, Classical</term>
<term>Learning</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Psychotic Disorders</term>
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<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A state of pathological uncertainty about environmental regularities might represent a key step in the pathway to psychotic illness. Early psychosis can be investigated in healthy volunteers under ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist. Here, we explored the effects of ketamine on contingency learning using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants performed an instrumental learning task, in which cue-outcome contingencies were probabilistic and reversed between blocks. Bayesian model comparison indicated that in such an unstable environment, reinforcement learning parameters are downregulated depending on confidence level, an adaptive mechanism that was specifically disrupted by ketamine administration. Drug effects were underpinned by altered neural activity in a fronto-parietal network, which reflected the confidence-based shift to exploitation of learned contingencies. Our findings suggest that an early characteristic of psychosis lies in a persistent doubt that undermines the stabilization of behavioral policy resulting in a failure to exploit regularities in the environment.</div>
</front>
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<Month>06</Month>
<Day>20</Day>
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<Month>09</Month>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>A state of pathological uncertainty about environmental regularities might represent a key step in the pathway to psychotic illness. Early psychosis can be investigated in healthy volunteers under ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist. Here, we explored the effects of ketamine on contingency learning using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants performed an instrumental learning task, in which cue-outcome contingencies were probabilistic and reversed between blocks. Bayesian model comparison indicated that in such an unstable environment, reinforcement learning parameters are downregulated depending on confidence level, an adaptive mechanism that was specifically disrupted by ketamine administration. Drug effects were underpinned by altered neural activity in a fronto-parietal network, which reflected the confidence-based shift to exploitation of learned contingencies. Our findings suggest that an early characteristic of psychosis lies in a persistent doubt that undermines the stabilization of behavioral policy resulting in a failure to exploit regularities in the environment.</AbstractText>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</Affiliation>
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	Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie
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Confidence and psychosis: a neuro-computational account of contingency learning disruption by NMDA blockade.

Confidence and psychosis: a neuro-computational account of contingency learning disruption by NMDA blockade.

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