Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in reference hospitals across Viet Nam.
Identifieur interne : 001B44 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 001B43; suivant : 001B45Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in reference hospitals across Viet Nam.
Auteurs : Van Anh Thi Nguyen [Viêt Nam] ; Anne-Laure Ba Uls [Viêt Nam] ; Thanh Hoa Thi Tran [Viêt Nam] ; Kim Lien Thi Pham [Viêt Nam] ; Thai Son Nguyen [Viêt Nam] ; Hung Van Nguyen [Viêt Nam] ; Ngoc Lan Thi Nguyen [Viêt Nam] ; Nam Lien Thi Nguyen [Viêt Nam] ; Duc Anh Dang [Viêt Nam] ; Guy B. Marks [Australie] ; Marc Choisy [France]Source :
- BMC microbiology [ 1471-2180 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ADN bactérien (génétique), Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Antituberculeux (pharmacologie), Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Facteurs de l'âge, Facteurs sexuels, Femelle, Génotype, Humains, Hôpitaux, Jeune adulte, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (génétique), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (isolement et purification), Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Phylogénie, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Tests de sensibilité microbienne, Tuberculose multirésistante (microbiologie), Tuberculose multirésistante (épidémiologie), Variation génétique, Vietnam (épidémiologie), Épidémiologie moléculaire, Études transversales.
- MESH :
- génétique : ADN bactérien, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- isolement et purification : Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- microbiologie : Tuberculose multirésistante.
- pharmacologie : Antituberculeux.
- épidémiologie : Tuberculose multirésistante, Vietnam.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Facteurs de l'âge, Facteurs sexuels, Femelle, Génotype, Humains, Hôpitaux, Jeune adulte, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Phylogénie, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Tests de sensibilité microbienne, Variation génétique, Épidémiologie moléculaire, Études transversales.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antitubercular Agents (pharmacology), Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, DNA, Bacterial (genetics), Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Hospitals, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (classification), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (drug effects), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (genetics), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (isolation & purification), Phylogeny, Sex Factors, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant (epidemiology), Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant (microbiology), Vietnam (epidemiology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Bacterial.
- chemical , pharmacology : Antitubercular Agents.
- classification : Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- drug effects : Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- epidemiology : Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Vietnam.
- genetics : Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- isolation & purification : Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- microbiology : Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant.
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Hospitals, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Phylogeny, Sex Factors, Young Adult.
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tuberculosis (TB) pathogen, despite a low level of genetic diversity, has revealed a high variety of biological and epidemiological characteristics linked to their lineages, such as transmissibility, fitness and propensity to acquire drug resistance. This has important implications for the epidemiology of TB. We conducted this first countrywide cross-sectional study to identify the prevalent M. tuberculosis lineages and to assess their epidemiological associations and their relation to drug resistance. The study was conducted among isolates acquired in reference hospitals across Vietnam. Isolates with drug susceptibility testing profiles were identified for their lineages by spoligotyping. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of M. tuberculosis lineages with location, age and sex of the patients and drug resistance levels.
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0784-6
PubMed: 27464737
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sortKey="Ba Uls, Anne Laure" sort="Ba Uls, Anne Laure" uniqKey="Ba Uls A" first="Anne-Laure" last="Ba Uls">Anne-Laure Ba Uls</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tran, Thanh Hoa Thi" sort="Tran, Thanh Hoa Thi" uniqKey="Tran T" first="Thanh Hoa Thi" last="Tran">Thanh Hoa Thi Tran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pham, Kim Lien Thi" sort="Pham, Kim Lien Thi" uniqKey="Pham K" first="Kim Lien Thi" last="Pham">Kim Lien Thi Pham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Thai Son" sort="Nguyen, Thai Son" uniqKey="Nguyen T" first="Thai Son" last="Nguyen">Thai Son Nguyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Hospital 103, Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Hospital 103, Military Medical University, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Hung Van" sort="Nguyen, Hung Van" uniqKey="Nguyen H" first="Hung Van" last="Nguyen">Hung Van Nguyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, National Lung Hospital, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Ngoc Lan Thi" sort="Nguyen, Ngoc Lan Thi" uniqKey="Nguyen N" first="Ngoc Lan Thi" last="Nguyen">Ngoc Lan Thi Nguyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh city</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Nam Lien Thi" sort="Nguyen, Nam Lien Thi" uniqKey="Nguyen N" first="Nam Lien Thi" last="Nguyen">Nam Lien Thi Nguyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Hue Central Hospital, Hue, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Hue Central Hospital, Hue</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dang, Duc Anh" sort="Dang, Duc Anh" uniqKey="Dang D" first="Duc Anh" last="Dang">Duc Anh Dang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Viêt Nam</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marks, Guy B" sort="Marks, Guy B" uniqKey="Marks G" first="Guy B" last="Marks">Guy B. Marks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choisy, Marc" sort="Choisy, Marc" uniqKey="Choisy M" first="Marc" last="Choisy">Marc Choisy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier), Centre IRD, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier), Centre IRD, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC microbiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2180</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Age Factors</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Antitubercular Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>DNA, Bacterial (genetics)</term><term>Female</term><term>Genetic Variation</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Molecular Epidemiology</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (classification)</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (drug effects)</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (genetics)</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (isolation & purification)</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Sex Factors</term><term>Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant (epidemiology)</term><term>Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant (microbiology)</term><term>Vietnam (epidemiology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN bactérien (génétique)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Antituberculeux (pharmacologie)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Facteurs de l'âge</term><term>Facteurs sexuels</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Humains</term><term>Hôpitaux</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis ()</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (génétique)</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (isolement et purification)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Phylogénie</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Tests de sensibilité microbienne</term><term>Tuberculose multirésistante (microbiologie)</term><term>Tuberculose multirésistante (épidémiologie)</term><term>Variation génétique</term><term>Vietnam (épidémiologie)</term><term>Épidémiologie moléculaire</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Bacterial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antitubercular Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant</term><term>Vietnam</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN bactérien</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tuberculose multirésistante</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antituberculeux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tuberculose multirésistante</term><term>Vietnam</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Age Factors</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Genetic Variation</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Hospitals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Molecular Epidemiology</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Sex Factors</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Facteurs de l'âge</term><term>Facteurs sexuels</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Humains</term><term>Hôpitaux</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Phylogénie</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Tests de sensibilité microbienne</term><term>Variation génétique</term><term>Épidémiologie moléculaire</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tuberculosis (TB) pathogen, despite a low level of genetic diversity, has revealed a high variety of biological and epidemiological characteristics linked to their lineages, such as transmissibility, fitness and propensity to acquire drug resistance. This has important implications for the epidemiology of TB. We conducted this first countrywide cross-sectional study to identify the prevalent M. tuberculosis lineages and to assess their epidemiological associations and their relation to drug resistance. The study was conducted among isolates acquired in reference hospitals across Vietnam. Isolates with drug susceptibility testing profiles were identified for their lineages by spoligotyping. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of M. tuberculosis lineages with location, age and sex of the patients and drug resistance levels.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27464737</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>26</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2180</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>16</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jul</Month><Day>28</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC microbiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Microbiol.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in reference hospitals across Viet Nam.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>167</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12866-016-0784-6</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tuberculosis (TB) pathogen, despite a low level of genetic diversity, has revealed a high variety of biological and epidemiological characteristics linked to their lineages, such as transmissibility, fitness and propensity to acquire drug resistance. This has important implications for the epidemiology of TB. We conducted this first countrywide cross-sectional study to identify the prevalent M. tuberculosis lineages and to assess their epidemiological associations and their relation to drug resistance. The study was conducted among isolates acquired in reference hospitals across Vietnam. Isolates with drug susceptibility testing profiles were identified for their lineages by spoligotyping. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of M. tuberculosis lineages with location, age and sex of the patients and drug resistance levels.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Results showed that the most prevalent lineage was Beijing (55.4 %), followed by EAI (27.5 %), T (6.4 %), LAM (1.3 %), Haarlem (1 %) and Zero type (0.3 %). The proportion of Beijing isolates in the North (70.4 %) and the South (68 %) was higher than in the Centre (28 %) (OR = 1.7 [95 % CI: 1.4-2.0], p < 0.0001), whereas the proportion of EAI isolates in the North (7.1 %) and the South (17 %) was much lower compared with the Centre (59 %) (OR = 0.5 [95 % CI: 0.4-0.6], p < 0.0001). Overall, Beijing isolates were the most likely to be drug-resistant and EAI isolates were the least likely to be drug-resistant, except in the South of Vietnam where EAI is also highly drug-resistant. The proportion of Beijing isolates was significantly higher (p < 0.01), and the proportion of EAI isolates was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in younger patients. The proportion of drug-resistance was higher in isolates collected from male patients and from patients in the middle age groups.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The findings suggest ongoing replacement of EAI lineage, which is mainly more drug-susceptible with highly drug-resistant Beijing lineage in all studied regions of Vietnam. Male patients of working ages should be the focus for better control to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant TB.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguyen</LastName><ForeName>Van Anh Thi</ForeName><Initials>VA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam. vananhtdt@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam. vananhtdt@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bañuls</LastName><ForeName>Anne-Laure</ForeName><Initials>AL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier), Centre IRD, Montpellier, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tran</LastName><ForeName>Thanh Hoa Thi</ForeName><Initials>TH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pham</LastName><ForeName>Kim Lien Thi</ForeName><Initials>KL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguyen</LastName><ForeName>Thai Son</ForeName><Initials>TS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Hospital 103, Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguyen</LastName><ForeName>Hung Van</ForeName><Initials>HV</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguyen</LastName><ForeName>Ngoc Lan Thi</ForeName><Initials>NL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguyen</LastName><ForeName>Nam Lien Thi</ForeName><Initials>NL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Hue Central Hospital, Hue, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dang</LastName><ForeName>Duc Anh</ForeName><Initials>DA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marks</LastName><ForeName>Guy B</ForeName><Initials>GB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choisy</LastName><ForeName>Marc</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier), Centre IRD, Montpellier, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Microbiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100966981</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2180</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000995">Antitubercular Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004269">DNA, Bacterial</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Infect Genet Evol. 2006 Nov;6(6):491-504</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16632413</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 May;12(5):736-43</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16704829</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2001 Mar;5(3):220-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11326820</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Infect Dis. 1997 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Version="1">22423162</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Oct 1;164(7):1165-70</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11673204</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Microbiol. 2003 May;41(5):1963-70</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12734235</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Jun;19(6):670-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25946357</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Infect Genet Evol. 2012 Jun;12(4):755-66</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22365971</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009 Sep;13(9):1148-53</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19723406</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Aug;46(8):2692-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18550737</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Trends Microbiol. 2002 Jan;10(1):45-52</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11755085</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000367" MajorTopicYN="N">Age Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000995" MajorTopicYN="N">Antitubercular Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" 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