The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification.
Identifieur interne : 000804 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000803; suivant : 000805The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification.
Auteurs : Hervé Sauquet [France] ; Maria Von Balthazar [Autriche] ; Susana Magall N [Mexique] ; James A. Doyle [États-Unis] ; Peter K. Endress [Suisse] ; Emily J. Bailes [Royaume-Uni] ; Erica Barroso De Morais [Suisse] ; Kester Bull-Here U [Chili] ; Laetitia Carrive [France] ; Marion Chartier [Autriche] ; Guillaume Chomicki [Allemagne] ; Mario Coiro [Suisse] ; Raphaël Cornette [France] ; Juliana H L. El Ottra [Brésil] ; Cyril Epicoco [France] ; Charles S P. Foster [Australie] ; Florian Jabbour [France] ; Agathe Haevermans [France] ; Thomas Haevermans [France] ; Rebeca Hernández [Mexique] ; Stefan A. Little [France] ; Stefan Löfstrand [Autriche] ; Javier A. Luna [Royaume-Uni] ; Julien Massoni [Suisse] ; Sophie Nadot [France] ; Susanne Pamperl [Autriche] ; Charlotte Prieu [France] ; Elisabeth Reyes [France] ; Patrícia Dos Santos [Portugal] ; Kristel M. Schoonderwoerd [États-Unis] ; Susanne Sontag [Autriche] ; Anaëlle Soulebeau [France] ; Yannick Staedler [Autriche] ; Georg F. Tschan [Suède] ; Amy Wing-Sze Leung [République populaire de Chine] ; Jürg Schönenberger [Autriche]Source :
- Nature communications [ 2041-1723 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and a series of important palaeobotanical discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of angiosperm diversification. Yet, the origin and early evolution of their most characteristic feature, the flower, remains poorly understood. In particular, the structure of the ancestral flower of all living angiosperms is still uncertain. Here we report model-based reconstructions for ancestral flowers at the deepest nodes in the phylogeny of angiosperms, using the largest data set of floral traits ever assembled. We reconstruct the ancestral angiosperm flower as bisexual and radially symmetric, with more than two whorls of three separate perianth organs each (undifferentiated tepals), more than two whorls of three separate stamens each, and more than five spirally arranged separate carpels. Although uncertainty remains for some of the characters, our reconstruction allows us to propose a new plausible scenario for the early diversification of flowers, leading to new testable hypotheses for future research on angiosperms.
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16047
PubMed: 28763051
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Luna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massoni, Julien" sort="Massoni, Julien" uniqKey="Massoni J" first="Julien" last="Massoni">Julien Massoni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nadot, Sophie" sort="Nadot, Sophie" uniqKey="Nadot S" first="Sophie" last="Nadot">Sophie Nadot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pamperl, Susanne" sort="Pamperl, Susanne" uniqKey="Pamperl S" first="Susanne" last="Pamperl">Susanne Pamperl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prieu, Charlotte" sort="Prieu, Charlotte" uniqKey="Prieu C" first="Charlotte" last="Prieu">Charlotte Prieu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reyes, Elisabeth" sort="Reyes, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Reyes E" first="Elisabeth" last="Reyes">Elisabeth Reyes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dos Santos, Patricia" sort="Dos Santos, Patricia" uniqKey="Dos Santos P" first="Patrícia" last="Dos Santos">Patrícia Dos Santos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoonderwoerd, Kristel M" sort="Schoonderwoerd, Kristel M" uniqKey="Schoonderwoerd K" first="Kristel M" last="Schoonderwoerd">Kristel M. Schoonderwoerd</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sontag, Susanne" sort="Sontag, Susanne" uniqKey="Sontag S" first="Susanne" last="Sontag">Susanne Sontag</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soulebeau, Anaelle" sort="Soulebeau, Anaelle" uniqKey="Soulebeau A" first="Anaëlle" last="Soulebeau">Anaëlle Soulebeau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Staedler, Yannick" sort="Staedler, Yannick" uniqKey="Staedler Y" first="Yannick" last="Staedler">Yannick Staedler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tschan, Georg F" sort="Tschan, Georg F" uniqKey="Tschan G" first="Georg F" last="Tschan">Georg F. Tschan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Göteborg 413 19, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Göteborg 413 19</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wing Sze Leung, Amy" sort="Wing Sze Leung, Amy" uniqKey="Wing Sze Leung A" first="Amy" last="Wing-Sze Leung">Amy Wing-Sze Leung</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schonenberger, Jurg" sort="Schonenberger, Jurg" uniqKey="Schonenberger J" first="Jürg" last="Schönenberger">Jürg Schönenberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28763051</idno><idno type="pmid">28763051</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/ncomms16047</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000807</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000807</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000804</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000804</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification.</title><author><name sortKey="Sauquet, Herve" sort="Sauquet, Herve" uniqKey="Sauquet H" first="Hervé" last="Sauquet">Hervé Sauquet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Balthazar, Maria" sort="Von Balthazar, Maria" uniqKey="Von Balthazar M" first="Maria" last="Von Balthazar">Maria Von Balthazar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magall N, Susana" sort="Magall N, Susana" uniqKey="Magall N S" first="Susana" last="Magall N">Susana Magall N</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510, México.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doyle, James A" sort="Doyle, James A" uniqKey="Doyle J" first="James A" last="Doyle">James A. Doyle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Endress, Peter K" sort="Endress, Peter K" uniqKey="Endress P" first="Peter K" last="Endress">Peter K. Endress</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bailes, Emily J" sort="Bailes, Emily J" uniqKey="Bailes E" first="Emily J" last="Bailes">Emily J. Bailes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barroso De Morais, Erica" sort="Barroso De Morais, Erica" uniqKey="Barroso De Morais E" first="Erica" last="Barroso De Morais">Erica Barroso De Morais</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bull Here U, Kester" sort="Bull Here U, Kester" uniqKey="Bull Here U K" first="Kester" last="Bull-Here U">Kester Bull-Here U</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carrive, Laetitia" sort="Carrive, Laetitia" uniqKey="Carrive L" first="Laetitia" last="Carrive">Laetitia Carrive</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chartier, Marion" sort="Chartier, Marion" uniqKey="Chartier M" first="Marion" last="Chartier">Marion Chartier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chomicki, Guillaume" sort="Chomicki, Guillaume" uniqKey="Chomicki G" first="Guillaume" last="Chomicki">Guillaume Chomicki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology, University of Munich LMU, Munich 80638, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology, University of Munich LMU, Munich 80638</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coiro, Mario" sort="Coiro, Mario" uniqKey="Coiro M" first="Mario" last="Coiro">Mario Coiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cornette, Raphael" sort="Cornette, Raphael" uniqKey="Cornette R" first="Raphaël" last="Cornette">Raphaël Cornette</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Ottra, Juliana H L" sort="El Ottra, Juliana H L" uniqKey="El Ottra J" first="Juliana H L" last="El Ottra">Juliana H L. El Ottra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277. Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277. Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-090</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Epicoco, Cyril" sort="Epicoco, Cyril" uniqKey="Epicoco C" first="Cyril" last="Epicoco">Cyril Epicoco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Foster, Charles S P" sort="Foster, Charles S P" uniqKey="Foster C" first="Charles S P" last="Foster">Charles S P. Foster</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabbour, Florian" sort="Jabbour, Florian" uniqKey="Jabbour F" first="Florian" last="Jabbour">Florian Jabbour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haevermans, Agathe" sort="Haevermans, Agathe" uniqKey="Haevermans A" first="Agathe" last="Haevermans">Agathe Haevermans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haevermans, Thomas" sort="Haevermans, Thomas" uniqKey="Haevermans T" first="Thomas" last="Haevermans">Thomas Haevermans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hernandez, Rebeca" sort="Hernandez, Rebeca" uniqKey="Hernandez R" first="Rebeca" last="Hernández">Rebeca Hernández</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510, México.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Little, Stefan A" sort="Little, Stefan A" uniqKey="Little S" first="Stefan A" last="Little">Stefan A. Little</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lofstrand, Stefan" sort="Lofstrand, Stefan" uniqKey="Lofstrand S" first="Stefan" last="Löfstrand">Stefan Löfstrand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luna, Javier A" sort="Luna, Javier A" uniqKey="Luna J" first="Javier A" last="Luna">Javier A. Luna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massoni, Julien" sort="Massoni, Julien" uniqKey="Massoni J" first="Julien" last="Massoni">Julien Massoni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nadot, Sophie" sort="Nadot, Sophie" uniqKey="Nadot S" first="Sophie" last="Nadot">Sophie Nadot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pamperl, Susanne" sort="Pamperl, Susanne" uniqKey="Pamperl S" first="Susanne" last="Pamperl">Susanne Pamperl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prieu, Charlotte" sort="Prieu, Charlotte" uniqKey="Prieu C" first="Charlotte" last="Prieu">Charlotte Prieu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reyes, Elisabeth" sort="Reyes, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Reyes E" first="Elisabeth" last="Reyes">Elisabeth Reyes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dos Santos, Patricia" sort="Dos Santos, Patricia" uniqKey="Dos Santos P" first="Patrícia" last="Dos Santos">Patrícia Dos Santos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoonderwoerd, Kristel M" sort="Schoonderwoerd, Kristel M" uniqKey="Schoonderwoerd K" first="Kristel M" last="Schoonderwoerd">Kristel M. Schoonderwoerd</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sontag, Susanne" sort="Sontag, Susanne" uniqKey="Sontag S" first="Susanne" last="Sontag">Susanne Sontag</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soulebeau, Anaelle" sort="Soulebeau, Anaelle" uniqKey="Soulebeau A" first="Anaëlle" last="Soulebeau">Anaëlle Soulebeau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Staedler, Yannick" sort="Staedler, Yannick" uniqKey="Staedler Y" first="Yannick" last="Staedler">Yannick Staedler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tschan, Georg F" sort="Tschan, Georg F" uniqKey="Tschan G" first="Georg F" last="Tschan">Georg F. Tschan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Göteborg 413 19, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Göteborg 413 19</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wing Sze Leung, Amy" sort="Wing Sze Leung, Amy" uniqKey="Wing Sze Leung A" first="Amy" last="Wing-Sze Leung">Amy Wing-Sze Leung</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schonenberger, Jurg" sort="Schonenberger, Jurg" uniqKey="Schonenberger J" first="Jürg" last="Schönenberger">Jürg Schönenberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature communications</title><idno type="eISSN">2041-1723</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and a series of important palaeobotanical discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of angiosperm diversification. Yet, the origin and early evolution of their most characteristic feature, the flower, remains poorly understood. In particular, the structure of the ancestral flower of all living angiosperms is still uncertain. Here we report model-based reconstructions for ancestral flowers at the deepest nodes in the phylogeny of angiosperms, using the largest data set of floral traits ever assembled. We reconstruct the ancestral angiosperm flower as bisexual and radially symmetric, with more than two whorls of three separate perianth organs each (undifferentiated tepals), more than two whorls of three separate stamens each, and more than five spirally arranged separate carpels. Although uncertainty remains for some of the characters, our reconstruction allows us to propose a new plausible scenario for the early diversification of flowers, leading to new testable hypotheses for future research on angiosperms.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Data-Review" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28763051</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCreated><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2041-1723</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>8</Volume><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Nature communications</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Nat Commun</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>16047</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/ncomms16047</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and a series of important palaeobotanical discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of angiosperm diversification. Yet, the origin and early evolution of their most characteristic feature, the flower, remains poorly understood. In particular, the structure of the ancestral flower of all living angiosperms is still uncertain. Here we report model-based reconstructions for ancestral flowers at the deepest nodes in the phylogeny of angiosperms, using the largest data set of floral traits ever assembled. We reconstruct the ancestral angiosperm flower as bisexual and radially symmetric, with more than two whorls of three separate perianth organs each (undifferentiated tepals), more than two whorls of three separate stamens each, and more than five spirally arranged separate carpels. Although uncertainty remains for some of the characters, our reconstruction allows us to propose a new plausible scenario for the early diversification of flowers, leading to new testable hypotheses for future research on angiosperms.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sauquet</LastName><ForeName>Hervé</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>von Balthazar</LastName><ForeName>Maria</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Magallón</LastName><ForeName>Susana</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510, México.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Doyle</LastName><ForeName>James A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Endress</LastName><ForeName>Peter K</ForeName><Initials>PK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bailes</LastName><ForeName>Emily J</ForeName><Initials>EJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barroso de Morais</LastName><ForeName>Erica</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bull-Hereñu</LastName><ForeName>Kester</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carrive</LastName><ForeName>Laetitia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chartier</LastName><ForeName>Marion</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chomicki</LastName><ForeName>Guillaume</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology, University of Munich LMU, Munich 80638, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coiro</LastName><ForeName>Mario</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cornette</LastName><ForeName>Raphaël</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>El Ottra</LastName><ForeName>Juliana H L</ForeName><Initials>JHL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277. Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Epicoco</LastName><ForeName>Cyril</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Foster</LastName><ForeName>Charles S P</ForeName><Initials>CSP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jabbour</LastName><ForeName>Florian</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Haevermans</LastName><ForeName>Agathe</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Haevermans</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-4544</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hernández</LastName><ForeName>Rebeca</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City 04510, México.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Little</LastName><ForeName>Stefan A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Löfstrand</LastName><ForeName>Stefan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luna</LastName><ForeName>Javier A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Massoni</LastName><ForeName>Julien</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nadot</LastName><ForeName>Sophie</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pamperl</LastName><ForeName>Susanne</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prieu</LastName><ForeName>Charlotte</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Reyes</LastName><ForeName>Elisabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Orsay 91405, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos</LastName><ForeName>Patrícia</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schoonderwoerd</LastName><ForeName>Kristel M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9753-2537</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sontag</LastName><ForeName>Susanne</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Soulebeau</LastName><ForeName>Anaëlle</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN/CNRS/UPMC/EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, Paris 75005, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Staedler</LastName><ForeName>Yannick</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tschan</LastName><ForeName>Georg F</ForeName><Initials>GF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Göteborg 413 19, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wing-Sze Leung</LastName><ForeName>Amy</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schönenberger</LastName><ForeName>Jürg</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna 1030, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate 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