Ultramafic geoecology of South and Southeast Asia.
Identifieur interne : 000210 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000209; suivant : 000211Ultramafic geoecology of South and Southeast Asia.
Auteurs : M L Galey [États-Unis] ; A. Van Der Ent [Australie] ; M C M. Iqbal [Sri Lanka] ; N. Rajakaruna [États-Unis]Source :
- Botanical studies [ 1817-406X ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Globally, ultramafic outcrops are renowned for hosting floras with high levels of endemism, including plants with specialised adaptations such as nickel or manganese hyperaccumulation. Soils derived from ultramafic regoliths are generally nutrient-deficient, have major cation imbalances, and have concomitant high concentrations of potentially phytotoxic trace elements, especially nickel. The South and Southeast Asian region has the largest surface occurrences of ultramafic regoliths in the world, but the geoecology of these outcrops is still poorly studied despite severe conservation threats. Due to the paucity of systematic plant collections in many areas and the lack of georeferenced herbarium records and databased information, it is not possible to determine the distribution of species, levels of endemism, and the species most threatened. However, site-specific studies provide insights to the ultramafic geoecology of several locations in South and Southeast Asia. The geoecology of tropical ultramafic regions differs substantially from those in temperate regions in that the vegetation at lower elevations is generally tall forest with relatively low levels of endemism. On ultramafic mountaintops, where the combined forces of edaphic and climatic factors intersect, obligate ultramafic species and hyperendemics often occur. Forest clearing, agricultural development, mining, and climate change-related stressors have contributed to rapid and unprecedented loss of ultramafic-associated habitats in the region. The geoecology of the large ultramafic outcrops of Indonesia's Sulawesi, Obi and Halmahera, and many other smaller outcrops in South and Southeast Asia, remains largely unexplored, and should be prioritised for study and conservation.
DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0167-9
PubMed: 28510201
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Van Der Ent</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iqbal, M C M" sort="Iqbal, M C M" uniqKey="Iqbal M" first="M C M" last="Iqbal">M C M. Iqbal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, 20000, Sri Lanka.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Sri Lanka</country><wicri:regionArea>Plant Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, 20000</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajakaruna, N" sort="Rajakaruna, N" uniqKey="Rajakaruna N" first="N" last="Rajakaruna">N. Rajakaruna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA. nrajakaruna@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Botanical studies</title><idno type="ISSN">1817-406X</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Globally, ultramafic outcrops are renowned for hosting floras with high levels of endemism, including plants with specialised adaptations such as nickel or manganese hyperaccumulation. Soils derived from ultramafic regoliths are generally nutrient-deficient, have major cation imbalances, and have concomitant high concentrations of potentially phytotoxic trace elements, especially nickel. The South and Southeast Asian region has the largest surface occurrences of ultramafic regoliths in the world, but the geoecology of these outcrops is still poorly studied despite severe conservation threats. Due to the paucity of systematic plant collections in many areas and the lack of georeferenced herbarium records and databased information, it is not possible to determine the distribution of species, levels of endemism, and the species most threatened. However, site-specific studies provide insights to the ultramafic geoecology of several locations in South and Southeast Asia. The geoecology of tropical ultramafic regions differs substantially from those in temperate regions in that the vegetation at lower elevations is generally tall forest with relatively low levels of endemism. On ultramafic mountaintops, where the combined forces of edaphic and climatic factors intersect, obligate ultramafic species and hyperendemics often occur. Forest clearing, agricultural development, mining, and climate change-related stressors have contributed to rapid and unprecedented loss of ultramafic-associated habitats in the region. The geoecology of the large ultramafic outcrops of Indonesia's Sulawesi, Obi and Halmahera, and many other smaller outcrops in South and Southeast Asia, remains largely unexplored, and should be prioritised for study and conservation.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28510201</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCreated><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1817-406X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>58</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Botanical studies</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Bot Stud</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Ultramafic geoecology of South and Southeast Asia.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>18</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s40529-017-0167-9</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Globally, ultramafic outcrops are renowned for hosting floras with high levels of endemism, including plants with specialised adaptations such as nickel or manganese hyperaccumulation. Soils derived from ultramafic regoliths are generally nutrient-deficient, have major cation imbalances, and have concomitant high concentrations of potentially phytotoxic trace elements, especially nickel. The South and Southeast Asian region has the largest surface occurrences of ultramafic regoliths in the world, but the geoecology of these outcrops is still poorly studied despite severe conservation threats. Due to the paucity of systematic plant collections in many areas and the lack of georeferenced herbarium records and databased information, it is not possible to determine the distribution of species, levels of endemism, and the species most threatened. However, site-specific studies provide insights to the ultramafic geoecology of several locations in South and Southeast Asia. The geoecology of tropical ultramafic regions differs substantially from those in temperate regions in that the vegetation at lower elevations is generally tall forest with relatively low levels of endemism. On ultramafic mountaintops, where the combined forces of edaphic and climatic factors intersect, obligate ultramafic species and hyperendemics often occur. Forest clearing, agricultural development, mining, and climate change-related stressors have contributed to rapid and unprecedented loss of ultramafic-associated habitats in the region. The geoecology of the large ultramafic outcrops of Indonesia's Sulawesi, Obi and Halmahera, and many other smaller outcrops in South and Southeast Asia, remains largely unexplored, and should be prioritised for study and conservation.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Galey</LastName><ForeName>M L</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Water and Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55811, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van der Ent</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Université de Lorraine-INRA, UMR 1120, Nancy, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iqbal</LastName><ForeName>M C M</ForeName><Initials>MCM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plant Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, 20000, Sri Lanka.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rajakaruna</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA. nrajakaruna@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa. nrajakaruna@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType 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Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Adaptations</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Conservation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Edaphic endemism</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Edaphic flora</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Extreme environments</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Geobotany</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Metal hyperaccumulators</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Plant–soil relations</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Serpentine vegetation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ultramafic plants</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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