The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene.
Identifieur interne : 002489 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 002488; suivant : 002490The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene.
Auteurs : Colin N. Waters ; Jan Zalasiewicz ; Colin Summerhayes ; Anthony D. Barnosky ; Clément Poirier ; Agnieszka Gałuszka ; Alejandro Cearreta ; Matt Edgeworth ; Erle C. Ellis ; Michael Ellis ; Catherine Jeandel ; Reinhold Leinfelder ; J R Mcneill ; Daniel Deb Richter ; Will Steffen ; James Syvitski ; Davor Vidas ; Michael Wagreich ; Mark Williams ; An Zhisheng ; Jacques Grinevald ; Eric Odada ; Naomi Oreskes ; Alexander P. WolfeSource :
- Science (New York, N.Y.) [ 1095-9203 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aluminum (analysis), Biota, Carbon Cycle, Climate, Construction Materials (analysis), Earth (Planet), Fossil Fuels (adverse effects), Geologic Sediments (chemistry), Human Activities, Humans, Ice (analysis), Introduced Species, Plastics (analysis), Radioactive Fallout (analysis), Radioisotopes (analysis).
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Fossil Fuels.
- chemical , analysis : Aluminum, Ice, Plastics, Radioactive Fallout, Radioisotopes.
- analysis : Construction Materials.
- chemistry : Geologic Sediments.
- Biota, Carbon Cycle, Climate, Earth (Planet), Human Activities, Humans, Introduced Species.
Abstract
Human activity is leaving a pervasive and persistent signature on Earth. Vigorous debate continues about whether this warrants recognition as a new geologic time unit known as the Anthropocene. We review anthropogenic markers of functional changes in the Earth system through the stratigraphic record. The appearance of manufactured materials in sediments, including aluminum, plastics, and concrete, coincides with global spikes in fallout radionuclides and particulates from fossil fuel combustion. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles have been substantially modified over the past century. Rates of sea-level rise and the extent of human perturbation of the climate system exceed Late Holocene changes. Biotic changes include species invasions worldwide and accelerating rates of extinction. These combined signals render the Anthropocene stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene and earlier epochs.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad2622
PubMed: 26744408
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26744408Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene.</title><author><name sortKey="Waters, Colin N" sort="Waters, Colin N" uniqKey="Waters C" first="Colin N" last="Waters">Colin N. Waters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zalasiewicz, Jan" sort="Zalasiewicz, Jan" uniqKey="Zalasiewicz J" first="Jan" last="Zalasiewicz">Jan Zalasiewicz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summerhayes, Colin" sort="Summerhayes, Colin" uniqKey="Summerhayes C" first="Colin" last="Summerhayes">Colin Summerhayes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barnosky, Anthony D" sort="Barnosky, Anthony D" uniqKey="Barnosky A" first="Anthony D" last="Barnosky">Anthony D. Barnosky</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Paleontology, and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poirier, Clement" sort="Poirier, Clement" uniqKey="Poirier C" first="Clément" last="Poirier">Clément Poirier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Université de Caen Normandie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 24 Rue des Tilleuls, F-14000 Caen, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galuszka, Agnieszka" sort="Galuszka, Agnieszka" uniqKey="Galuszka A" first="Agnieszka" last="Gałuszka">Agnieszka Gałuszka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Geochemistry and the Environment Division, Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska Street, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cearreta, Alejandro" sort="Cearreta, Alejandro" uniqKey="Cearreta A" first="Alejandro" last="Cearreta">Alejandro Cearreta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edgeworth, Matt" sort="Edgeworth, Matt" uniqKey="Edgeworth M" first="Matt" last="Edgeworth">Matt Edgeworth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellis, Erle C" sort="Ellis, Erle C" uniqKey="Ellis E" first="Erle C" last="Ellis">Erle C. Ellis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellis, Michael" sort="Ellis, Michael" uniqKey="Ellis M" first="Michael" last="Ellis">Michael Ellis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeandel, Catherine" sort="Jeandel, Catherine" uniqKey="Jeandel C" first="Catherine" last="Jeandel">Catherine Jeandel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNRS, Centre National d'Études Spatiales, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leinfelder, Reinhold" sort="Leinfelder, Reinhold" uniqKey="Leinfelder R" first="Reinhold" last="Leinfelder">Reinhold Leinfelder</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstraße 74-100/D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcneill, J R" sort="Mcneill, J R" uniqKey="Mcneill J" first="J R" last="Mcneill">J R Mcneill</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Daniel Deb" sort="Richter, Daniel Deb" uniqKey="Richter D" first="Daniel Deb" last="Richter">Daniel Deb Richter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90233, Durham, NC 27516, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steffen, Will" sort="Steffen, Will" uniqKey="Steffen W" first="Will" last="Steffen">Will Steffen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Syvitski, James" sort="Syvitski, James" uniqKey="Syvitski J" first="James" last="Syvitski">James Syvitski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Box 545, Boulder, CO 80309-0545, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidas, Davor" sort="Vidas, Davor" uniqKey="Vidas D" first="Davor" last="Vidas">Davor Vidas</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Marine Affairs and Law of the Sea Programme, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Lysaker, Norway.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagreich, Michael" sort="Wagreich, Michael" uniqKey="Wagreich M" first="Michael" last="Wagreich">Michael Wagreich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Mark" sort="Williams, Mark" uniqKey="Williams M" first="Mark" last="Williams">Mark Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhisheng, An" sort="Zhisheng, An" uniqKey="Zhisheng A" first="An" last="Zhisheng">An Zhisheng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grinevald, Jacques" sort="Grinevald, Jacques" uniqKey="Grinevald J" first="Jacques" last="Grinevald">Jacques Grinevald</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement, Chemin Eugène Rigot 2, 1211 Genève 11, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odada, Eric" sort="Odada, Eric" uniqKey="Odada E" first="Eric" last="Odada">Eric Odada</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oreskes, Naomi" sort="Oreskes, Naomi" uniqKey="Oreskes N" first="Naomi" last="Oreskes">Naomi Oreskes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfe, Alexander P" sort="Wolfe, Alexander P" uniqKey="Wolfe A" first="Alexander P" last="Wolfe">Alexander P. Wolfe</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26744408</idno><idno type="pmid">26744408</idno><idno type="doi">10.1126/science.aad2622</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002489</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002489</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene.</title><author><name sortKey="Waters, Colin N" sort="Waters, Colin N" uniqKey="Waters C" first="Colin N" last="Waters">Colin N. Waters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zalasiewicz, Jan" sort="Zalasiewicz, Jan" uniqKey="Zalasiewicz J" first="Jan" last="Zalasiewicz">Jan Zalasiewicz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summerhayes, Colin" sort="Summerhayes, Colin" uniqKey="Summerhayes C" first="Colin" last="Summerhayes">Colin Summerhayes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barnosky, Anthony D" sort="Barnosky, Anthony D" uniqKey="Barnosky A" first="Anthony D" last="Barnosky">Anthony D. Barnosky</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Paleontology, and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poirier, Clement" sort="Poirier, Clement" uniqKey="Poirier C" first="Clément" last="Poirier">Clément Poirier</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Université de Caen Normandie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 24 Rue des Tilleuls, F-14000 Caen, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galuszka, Agnieszka" sort="Galuszka, Agnieszka" uniqKey="Galuszka A" first="Agnieszka" last="Gałuszka">Agnieszka Gałuszka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Geochemistry and the Environment Division, Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska Street, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cearreta, Alejandro" sort="Cearreta, Alejandro" uniqKey="Cearreta A" first="Alejandro" last="Cearreta">Alejandro Cearreta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edgeworth, Matt" sort="Edgeworth, Matt" uniqKey="Edgeworth M" first="Matt" last="Edgeworth">Matt Edgeworth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellis, Erle C" sort="Ellis, Erle C" uniqKey="Ellis E" first="Erle C" last="Ellis">Erle C. Ellis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellis, Michael" sort="Ellis, Michael" uniqKey="Ellis M" first="Michael" last="Ellis">Michael Ellis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeandel, Catherine" sort="Jeandel, Catherine" uniqKey="Jeandel C" first="Catherine" last="Jeandel">Catherine Jeandel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNRS, Centre National d'Études Spatiales, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leinfelder, Reinhold" sort="Leinfelder, Reinhold" uniqKey="Leinfelder R" first="Reinhold" last="Leinfelder">Reinhold Leinfelder</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstraße 74-100/D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcneill, J R" sort="Mcneill, J R" uniqKey="Mcneill J" first="J R" last="Mcneill">J R Mcneill</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Daniel Deb" sort="Richter, Daniel Deb" uniqKey="Richter D" first="Daniel Deb" last="Richter">Daniel Deb Richter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90233, Durham, NC 27516, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steffen, Will" sort="Steffen, Will" uniqKey="Steffen W" first="Will" last="Steffen">Will Steffen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Syvitski, James" sort="Syvitski, James" uniqKey="Syvitski J" first="James" last="Syvitski">James Syvitski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Box 545, Boulder, CO 80309-0545, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidas, Davor" sort="Vidas, Davor" uniqKey="Vidas D" first="Davor" last="Vidas">Davor Vidas</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Marine Affairs and Law of the Sea Programme, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Lysaker, Norway.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagreich, Michael" sort="Wagreich, Michael" uniqKey="Wagreich M" first="Michael" last="Wagreich">Michael Wagreich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Mark" sort="Williams, Mark" uniqKey="Williams M" first="Mark" last="Williams">Mark Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhisheng, An" sort="Zhisheng, An" uniqKey="Zhisheng A" first="An" last="Zhisheng">An Zhisheng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grinevald, Jacques" sort="Grinevald, Jacques" uniqKey="Grinevald J" first="Jacques" last="Grinevald">Jacques Grinevald</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement, Chemin Eugène Rigot 2, 1211 Genève 11, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odada, Eric" sort="Odada, Eric" uniqKey="Odada E" first="Eric" last="Odada">Eric Odada</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oreskes, Naomi" sort="Oreskes, Naomi" uniqKey="Oreskes N" first="Naomi" last="Oreskes">Naomi Oreskes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfe, Alexander P" sort="Wolfe, Alexander P" uniqKey="Wolfe A" first="Alexander P" last="Wolfe">Alexander P. Wolfe</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Science (New York, N.Y.)</title><idno type="eISSN">1095-9203</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aluminum (analysis)</term><term>Biota</term><term>Carbon Cycle</term><term>Climate</term><term>Construction Materials (analysis)</term><term>Earth (Planet)</term><term>Fossil Fuels (adverse effects)</term><term>Geologic Sediments (chemistry)</term><term>Human Activities</term><term>Humans</term><term>Ice (analysis)</term><term>Introduced Species</term><term>Plastics (analysis)</term><term>Radioactive Fallout (analysis)</term><term>Radioisotopes (analysis)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Fossil Fuels</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Aluminum</term><term>Ice</term><term>Plastics</term><term>Radioactive Fallout</term><term>Radioisotopes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Construction Materials</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Geologic Sediments</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biota</term><term>Carbon Cycle</term><term>Climate</term><term>Earth (Planet)</term><term>Human Activities</term><term>Humans</term><term>Introduced Species</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Human activity is leaving a pervasive and persistent signature on Earth. Vigorous debate continues about whether this warrants recognition as a new geologic time unit known as the Anthropocene. We review anthropogenic markers of functional changes in the Earth system through the stratigraphic record. The appearance of manufactured materials in sediments, including aluminum, plastics, and concrete, coincides with global spikes in fallout radionuclides and particulates from fossil fuel combustion. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles have been substantially modified over the past century. Rates of sea-level rise and the extent of human perturbation of the climate system exceed Late Holocene changes. Biotic changes include species invasions worldwide and accelerating rates of extinction. These combined signals render the Anthropocene stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene and earlier epochs.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26744408</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>08</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>21</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1095-9203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>351</Volume><Issue>6269</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>08</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Science (New York, N.Y.)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Science</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>aad2622</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1126/science.aad2622</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">aad2622</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Human activity is leaving a pervasive and persistent signature on Earth. Vigorous debate continues about whether this warrants recognition as a new geologic time unit known as the Anthropocene. We review anthropogenic markers of functional changes in the Earth system through the stratigraphic record. The appearance of manufactured materials in sediments, including aluminum, plastics, and concrete, coincides with global spikes in fallout radionuclides and particulates from fossil fuel combustion. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles have been substantially modified over the past century. Rates of sea-level rise and the extent of human perturbation of the climate system exceed Late Holocene changes. Biotic changes include species invasions worldwide and accelerating rates of extinction. These combined signals render the Anthropocene stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene and earlier epochs.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waters</LastName><ForeName>Colin N</ForeName><Initials>CN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zalasiewicz</LastName><ForeName>Jan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Summerhayes</LastName><ForeName>Colin</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barnosky</LastName><ForeName>Anthony D</ForeName><Initials>AD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Paleontology, and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poirier</LastName><ForeName>Clément</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Université de Caen Normandie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 24 Rue des Tilleuls, F-14000 Caen, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gałuszka</LastName><ForeName>Agnieszka</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Geochemistry and the Environment Division, Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska Street, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cearreta</LastName><ForeName>Alejandro</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Edgeworth</LastName><ForeName>Matt</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ellis</LastName><ForeName>Erle C</ForeName><Initials>EC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ellis</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jeandel</LastName><ForeName>Catherine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNRS, Centre National d'Études Spatiales, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leinfelder</LastName><ForeName>Reinhold</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstraße 74-100/D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McNeill</LastName><ForeName>J R</ForeName><Initials>JR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Richter</LastName><ForeName>Daniel deB</ForeName><Initials>Dd</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90233, Durham, NC 27516, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Steffen</LastName><ForeName>Will</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Syvitski</LastName><ForeName>James</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder, Box 545, Boulder, CO 80309-0545, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vidas</LastName><ForeName>Davor</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Marine Affairs and Law of the Sea Programme, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Lysaker, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wagreich</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Williams</LastName><ForeName>Mark</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhisheng</LastName><ForeName>An</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of 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PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26744408</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">351/6269/aad2622</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1126/science.aad2622</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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