Body shrinkage due to Arctic warming reduces red knot fitness in tropical wintering range.
Identifieur interne : 002252 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002251; suivant : 002253Body shrinkage due to Arctic warming reduces red knot fitness in tropical wintering range.
Auteurs : Jan A. Van Gils [Pays-Bas] ; Simeon Lisovski [Australie] ; Tamar Lok [France] ; Włodzimierz Meissner [Pologne] ; Agnieszka O Arowska [Pologne] ; Jimmy De Fouw [Pays-Bas] ; Eldar Rakhimberdiev [Russie] ; Mikhail Y. Soloviev [Russie] ; Theunis Piersma [Pays-Bas] ; Marcel Klaassen [Australie]Source :
- Science (New York, N.Y.) [ 1095-9203 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- malformations : Bec, Charadriiformes.
- médecine vétérinaire : Malnutrition.
- Animaux, Aptitude génétique, Bivalvia, Chaine alimentaire, Malnutrition, Mensurations corporelles, Migration animale, Réchauffement de la planète, Régions arctiques, Saisons, Sélection.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : Arctic Regions.
- abnormalities : Beak, Charadriiformes.
- complications : Malnutrition.
- veterinary : Malnutrition.
- Animal Migration, Animals, Bivalvia, Body Size, Breeding, Food Chain, Genetic Fitness, Global Warming, Seasons.
Abstract
Reductions in body size are increasingly being identified as a response to climate warming. Here we present evidence for a case of such body shrinkage, potentially due to malnutrition in early life. We show that an avian long-distance migrant (red knot, Calidris canutus canutus), which is experiencing globally unrivaled warming rates at its high-Arctic breeding grounds, produces smaller offspring with shorter bills during summers with early snowmelt. This has consequences half a world away at their tropical wintering grounds, where shorter-billed individuals have reduced survival rates. This is associated with these molluscivores eating fewer deeply buried bivalve prey and more shallowly buried seagrass rhizomes. We suggest that seasonal migrants can experience reduced fitness at one end of their range as a result of a changing climate at the other end.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6351
PubMed: 27174985
Affiliations:
- Australie, France, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Russie
- Groningue (province)
- Groningue (ville)
- Université de Groningue
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:27174985Le document en format XML
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Van Gils</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lisovski, Simeon" sort="Lisovski, Simeon" uniqKey="Lisovski S" first="Simeon" last="Lisovski">Simeon Lisovski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria 3217</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lok, Tamar" sort="Lok, Tamar" uniqKey="Lok T" first="Tamar" last="Lok">Tamar Lok</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. 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Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>119991</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" sort="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" uniqKey="Soloviev M" first="Mikhail Y" last="Soloviev">Mikhail Y. Soloviev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>119991</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piersma, Theunis" sort="Piersma, Theunis" uniqKey="Piersma T" first="Theunis" last="Piersma">Theunis Piersma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. 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Van Gils</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lisovski, Simeon" sort="Lisovski, Simeon" uniqKey="Lisovski S" first="Simeon" last="Lisovski">Simeon Lisovski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria 3217</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lok, Tamar" sort="Lok, Tamar" uniqKey="Lok T" first="Tamar" last="Lok">Tamar Lok</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5175, Campus Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5175, Campus Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>34293 Montpellier Cedex 5</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Groningue</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue (ville)</settlement><region>Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meissner, Wlodzimierz" sort="Meissner, Wlodzimierz" uniqKey="Meissner W" first="Włodzimierz" last="Meissner">Włodzimierz Meissner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>80-308 Gdańsk</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Arowska, Agnieszka" sort="O Arowska, Agnieszka" uniqKey="O Arowska A" first="Agnieszka" last="O Arowska">Agnieszka O Arowska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>80-308 Gdańsk</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Fouw, Jimmy" sort="De Fouw, Jimmy" uniqKey="De Fouw J" first="Jimmy" last="De Fouw">Jimmy De Fouw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1790 AB Den Burg (Texel)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rakhimberdiev, Eldar" sort="Rakhimberdiev, Eldar" uniqKey="Rakhimberdiev E" first="Eldar" last="Rakhimberdiev">Eldar Rakhimberdiev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>119991</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" sort="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" uniqKey="Soloviev M" first="Mikhail Y" last="Soloviev">Mikhail Y. Soloviev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>119991</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piersma, Theunis" sort="Piersma, Theunis" uniqKey="Piersma T" first="Theunis" last="Piersma">Theunis Piersma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>9700 CC Groningen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klaassen, Marcel" sort="Klaassen, Marcel" uniqKey="Klaassen M" first="Marcel" last="Klaassen">Marcel Klaassen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria 3217</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Science (New York, N.Y.)</title><idno type="eISSN">1095-9203</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animal Migration</term><term>Animals</term><term>Arctic Regions</term><term>Beak (abnormalities)</term><term>Bivalvia</term><term>Body Size</term><term>Breeding</term><term>Charadriiformes (abnormalities)</term><term>Food Chain</term><term>Genetic Fitness</term><term>Global Warming</term><term>Malnutrition (complications)</term><term>Malnutrition (veterinary)</term><term>Seasons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Aptitude génétique</term><term>Bec (malformations)</term><term>Bivalvia</term><term>Chaine alimentaire</term><term>Charadriiformes (malformations)</term><term>Malnutrition ()</term><term>Malnutrition (médecine vétérinaire)</term><term>Mensurations corporelles</term><term>Migration animale</term><term>Réchauffement de la planète</term><term>Régions arctiques</term><term>Saisons</term><term>Sélection</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Arctic Regions</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="abnormalities" xml:lang="en"><term>Beak</term><term>Charadriiformes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Malnutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="malformations" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bec</term><term>Charadriiformes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="médecine vétérinaire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Malnutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Malnutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animal Migration</term><term>Animals</term><term>Bivalvia</term><term>Body Size</term><term>Breeding</term><term>Food Chain</term><term>Genetic Fitness</term><term>Global Warming</term><term>Seasons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Aptitude génétique</term><term>Bivalvia</term><term>Chaine alimentaire</term><term>Malnutrition</term><term>Mensurations corporelles</term><term>Migration animale</term><term>Réchauffement de la planète</term><term>Régions arctiques</term><term>Saisons</term><term>Sélection</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Reductions in body size are increasingly being identified as a response to climate warming. Here we present evidence for a case of such body shrinkage, potentially due to malnutrition in early life. We show that an avian long-distance migrant (red knot, Calidris canutus canutus), which is experiencing globally unrivaled warming rates at its high-Arctic breeding grounds, produces smaller offspring with shorter bills during summers with early snowmelt. This has consequences half a world away at their tropical wintering grounds, where shorter-billed individuals have reduced survival rates. This is associated with these molluscivores eating fewer deeply buried bivalve prey and more shallowly buried seagrass rhizomes. We suggest that seasonal migrants can experience reduced fitness at one end of their range as a result of a changing climate at the other end.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27174985</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1095-9203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>352</Volume><Issue>6287</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>13</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Science (New York, N.Y.)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Science</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Body shrinkage due to Arctic warming reduces red knot fitness in tropical wintering range.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>819-21</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1126/science.aad6351</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Reductions in body size are increasingly being identified as a response to climate warming. Here we present evidence for a case of such body shrinkage, potentially due to malnutrition in early life. We show that an avian long-distance migrant (red knot, Calidris canutus canutus), which is experiencing globally unrivaled warming rates at its high-Arctic breeding grounds, produces smaller offspring with shorter bills during summers with early snowmelt. This has consequences half a world away at their tropical wintering grounds, where shorter-billed individuals have reduced survival rates. This is associated with these molluscivores eating fewer deeply buried bivalve prey and more shallowly buried seagrass rhizomes. We suggest that seasonal migrants can experience reduced fitness at one end of their range as a result of a changing climate at the other end.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Gils</LastName><ForeName>Jan A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lisovski</LastName><ForeName>Simeon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lok</LastName><ForeName>Tamar</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5175, Campus Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meissner</LastName><ForeName>Włodzimierz</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ożarowska</LastName><ForeName>Agnieszka</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Fouw</LastName><ForeName>Jimmy</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rakhimberdiev</LastName><ForeName>Eldar</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Soloviev</LastName><ForeName>Mikhail Y</ForeName><Initials>MY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Piersma</LastName><ForeName>Theunis</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Post Office Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), Netherlands. Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Post Office Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klaassen</LastName><ForeName>Marcel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3217, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Science</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0404511</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0036-8075</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Science. 2016 May 13;352(6287):775-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">27174976</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D025041" MajorTopicYN="N">Animal Migration</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001110" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Arctic Regions</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001502" MajorTopicYN="N">Beak</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000002" MajorTopicYN="N">abnormalities</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049872" MajorTopicYN="N">Bivalvia</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049628" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Size</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001947" MajorTopicYN="N">Breeding</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046091" MajorTopicYN="N">Charadriiformes</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000002" MajorTopicYN="Y">abnormalities</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020387" MajorTopicYN="N">Food Chain</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056084" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Fitness</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057232" MajorTopicYN="Y">Global Warming</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044342" MajorTopicYN="N">Malnutrition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="N">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012621" MajorTopicYN="N">Seasons</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27174985</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">352/6287/819</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1126/science.aad6351</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Russie</li></country><region><li>Groningue (province)</li></region><settlement><li>Groningue (ville)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Groningue</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Van Gils, Jan A" sort="Van Gils, Jan A" uniqKey="Van Gils J" first="Jan A" last="Van Gils">Jan A. Van Gils</name></noRegion><name sortKey="De Fouw, Jimmy" sort="De Fouw, Jimmy" uniqKey="De Fouw J" first="Jimmy" last="De Fouw">Jimmy De Fouw</name><name sortKey="Piersma, Theunis" sort="Piersma, Theunis" uniqKey="Piersma T" first="Theunis" last="Piersma">Theunis Piersma</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lisovski, Simeon" sort="Lisovski, Simeon" uniqKey="Lisovski S" first="Simeon" last="Lisovski">Simeon Lisovski</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Klaassen, Marcel" sort="Klaassen, Marcel" uniqKey="Klaassen M" first="Marcel" last="Klaassen">Marcel Klaassen</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Groningue (province)"><name sortKey="Lok, Tamar" sort="Lok, Tamar" uniqKey="Lok T" first="Tamar" last="Lok">Tamar Lok</name></region></country><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Meissner, Wlodzimierz" sort="Meissner, Wlodzimierz" uniqKey="Meissner W" first="Włodzimierz" last="Meissner">Włodzimierz Meissner</name></noRegion><name sortKey="O Arowska, Agnieszka" sort="O Arowska, Agnieszka" uniqKey="O Arowska A" first="Agnieszka" last="O Arowska">Agnieszka O Arowska</name></country><country name="Russie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Rakhimberdiev, Eldar" sort="Rakhimberdiev, Eldar" uniqKey="Rakhimberdiev E" first="Eldar" last="Rakhimberdiev">Eldar Rakhimberdiev</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" sort="Soloviev, Mikhail Y" uniqKey="Soloviev M" first="Mikhail Y" last="Soloviev">Mikhail Y. 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