The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.
Identifieur interne : 001581 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001580; suivant : 001582The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.
Auteurs : Rebecca J. Brown [Japon] ; David Araujo-Vilar [Japon] ; Pik To Cheung [Japon] ; David Dunger [Japon] ; Abhimanyu Garg [Japon] ; Michelle Jack [Japon] ; Lucy Mungai [Japon] ; Elif A. Oral [Japon] ; Nivedita Patni [Japon] ; Kristina I. Rother [Japon] ; Julia Von Schnurbein [Japon] ; Ekaterina Sorkina [Japon] ; Takara Stanley [Japon] ; Corinne Vigouroux [Japon] ; Martin Wabitsch [Japon] ; Rachel Williams [Japon] ; Tohru Yorifuji [Japon]Source :
- The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism [ 1945-7197 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- diagnosis : Lipodystrophy.
- therapy : Lipodystrophy.
- Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic.
Abstract
Lipodystrophy syndromes are extremely rare disorders of deficient body fat associated with potentially serious metabolic complications, including diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and steatohepatitis. Due to their rarity, most clinicians are not familiar with their diagnosis and management. This practice guideline summarizes the diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy syndromes not associated with HIV or injectable drugs.
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2466
PubMed: 27710244
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:27710244Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.</title><author><name sortKey="Brown, Rebecca J" sort="Brown, Rebecca J" uniqKey="Brown R" first="Rebecca J" last="Brown">Rebecca J. Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Araujo Vilar, David" sort="Araujo Vilar, David" uniqKey="Araujo Vilar D" first="David" last="Araujo-Vilar">David Araujo-Vilar</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, Pik To" sort="Cheung, Pik To" uniqKey="Cheung P" first="Pik To" last="Cheung">Pik To Cheung</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunger, David" sort="Dunger, David" uniqKey="Dunger D" first="David" last="Dunger">David Dunger</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garg, Abhimanyu" sort="Garg, Abhimanyu" uniqKey="Garg A" first="Abhimanyu" last="Garg">Abhimanyu Garg</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jack, Michelle" sort="Jack, Michelle" uniqKey="Jack M" first="Michelle" last="Jack">Michelle Jack</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mungai, Lucy" sort="Mungai, Lucy" uniqKey="Mungai L" first="Lucy" last="Mungai">Lucy Mungai</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oral, Elif A" sort="Oral, Elif A" uniqKey="Oral E" first="Elif A" last="Oral">Elif A. Oral</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patni, Nivedita" sort="Patni, Nivedita" uniqKey="Patni N" first="Nivedita" last="Patni">Nivedita Patni</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rother, Kristina I" sort="Rother, Kristina I" uniqKey="Rother K" first="Kristina I" last="Rother">Kristina I. Rother</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Schnurbein, Julia" sort="Von Schnurbein, Julia" uniqKey="Von Schnurbein J" first="Julia" last="Von Schnurbein">Julia Von Schnurbein</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorkina, Ekaterina" sort="Sorkina, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Sorkina E" first="Ekaterina" last="Sorkina">Ekaterina Sorkina</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanley, Takara" sort="Stanley, Takara" uniqKey="Stanley T" first="Takara" last="Stanley">Takara Stanley</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vigouroux, Corinne" sort="Vigouroux, Corinne" uniqKey="Vigouroux C" first="Corinne" last="Vigouroux">Corinne Vigouroux</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wabitsch, Martin" sort="Wabitsch, Martin" uniqKey="Wabitsch M" first="Martin" last="Wabitsch">Martin Wabitsch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Rachel" sort="Williams, Rachel" uniqKey="Williams R" first="Rachel" last="Williams">Rachel Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yorifuji, Tohru" sort="Yorifuji, Tohru" uniqKey="Yorifuji T" first="Tohru" last="Yorifuji">Tohru Yorifuji</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27710244</idno><idno type="pmid">27710244</idno><idno type="doi">10.1210/jc.2016-2466</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001530</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001530</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001508</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001508</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001508</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001508</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.</title><author><name sortKey="Brown, Rebecca J" sort="Brown, Rebecca J" uniqKey="Brown R" first="Rebecca J" last="Brown">Rebecca J. Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Araujo Vilar, David" sort="Araujo Vilar, David" uniqKey="Araujo Vilar D" first="David" last="Araujo-Vilar">David Araujo-Vilar</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, Pik To" sort="Cheung, Pik To" uniqKey="Cheung P" first="Pik To" last="Cheung">Pik To Cheung</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunger, David" sort="Dunger, David" uniqKey="Dunger D" first="David" last="Dunger">David Dunger</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garg, Abhimanyu" sort="Garg, Abhimanyu" uniqKey="Garg A" first="Abhimanyu" last="Garg">Abhimanyu Garg</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jack, Michelle" sort="Jack, Michelle" uniqKey="Jack M" first="Michelle" last="Jack">Michelle Jack</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mungai, Lucy" sort="Mungai, Lucy" uniqKey="Mungai L" first="Lucy" last="Mungai">Lucy Mungai</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oral, Elif A" sort="Oral, Elif A" uniqKey="Oral E" first="Elif A" last="Oral">Elif A. Oral</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patni, Nivedita" sort="Patni, Nivedita" uniqKey="Patni N" first="Nivedita" last="Patni">Nivedita Patni</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rother, Kristina I" sort="Rother, Kristina I" uniqKey="Rother K" first="Kristina I" last="Rother">Kristina I. Rother</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Schnurbein, Julia" sort="Von Schnurbein, Julia" uniqKey="Von Schnurbein J" first="Julia" last="Von Schnurbein">Julia Von Schnurbein</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorkina, Ekaterina" sort="Sorkina, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Sorkina E" first="Ekaterina" last="Sorkina">Ekaterina Sorkina</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanley, Takara" sort="Stanley, Takara" uniqKey="Stanley T" first="Takara" last="Stanley">Takara Stanley</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vigouroux, Corinne" sort="Vigouroux, Corinne" uniqKey="Vigouroux C" first="Corinne" last="Vigouroux">Corinne Vigouroux</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wabitsch, Martin" sort="Wabitsch, Martin" uniqKey="Wabitsch M" first="Martin" last="Wabitsch">Martin Wabitsch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Rachel" sort="Williams, Rachel" uniqKey="Williams R" first="Rachel" last="Williams">Rachel Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yorifuji, Tohru" sort="Yorifuji, Tohru" uniqKey="Yorifuji T" first="Tohru" last="Yorifuji">Tohru Yorifuji</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Santiago de Compostela</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Galice</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</title><idno type="eISSN">1945-7197</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term><term>Lipodystrophy (diagnosis)</term><term>Lipodystrophy (therapy)</term><term>Practice Guidelines as Topic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Guides de bonnes pratiques cliniques comme sujet</term><term>Humains</term><term>Lipodystrophie ()</term><term>Lipodystrophie (diagnostic)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Lipodystrophy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lipodystrophie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Lipodystrophy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term><term>Practice Guidelines as Topic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Guides de bonnes pratiques cliniques comme sujet</term><term>Humains</term><term>Lipodystrophie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Lipodystrophy syndromes are extremely rare disorders of deficient body fat associated with potentially serious metabolic complications, including diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and steatohepatitis. Due to their rarity, most clinicians are not familiar with their diagnosis and management. This practice guideline summarizes the diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy syndromes not associated with HIV or injectable drugs.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27710244</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>06</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>30</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1945-7197</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>101</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>4500-4511</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Lipodystrophy syndromes are extremely rare disorders of deficient body fat associated with potentially serious metabolic complications, including diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and steatohepatitis. Due to their rarity, most clinicians are not familiar with their diagnosis and management. This practice guideline summarizes the diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy syndromes not associated with HIV or injectable drugs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PARTICIPANTS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Seventeen participants were nominated by worldwide endocrine societies or selected by the committee as content experts. Funding was via an unrestricted educational grant from Astra Zeneca to the Pediatric Endocrine Society. Meetings were not open to the general public.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="EVIDENCE" NlmCategory="METHODS">A literature review was conducted by the committee. Recommendations of the committee were graded using the system of the American Heart Association. Expert opinion was used when published data were unavailable or scarce.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONSENSUS PROCESS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The guideline was drafted by committee members and reviewed, revised, and approved by the entire committee during group meetings. Contributing societies reviewed the document and provided approval.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Lipodystrophy syndromes are heterogeneous and are diagnosed by clinical phenotype, supplemented by genetic testing in certain forms. Patients with most lipodystrophy syndromes should be screened for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and liver, kidney, and heart disease annually. Diet is essential for the management of metabolic complications of lipodystrophy. Metreleptin therapy is effective for metabolic complications in hypoleptinemic patients with generalized lipodystrophy and selected patients with partial lipodystrophy. Other treatments not specific for lipodystrophy may be helpful as well (eg, metformin for diabetes, and statins or fibrates for hyperlipidemia). Oral estrogens are contraindicated.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brown</LastName><ForeName>Rebecca J</ForeName><Initials>RJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Araujo-Vilar</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cheung</LastName><ForeName>Pik To</ForeName><Initials>PT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dunger</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garg</LastName><ForeName>Abhimanyu</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jack</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mungai</LastName><ForeName>Lucy</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oral</LastName><ForeName>Elif A</ForeName><Initials>EA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Patni</LastName><ForeName>Nivedita</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rother</LastName><ForeName>Kristina I</ForeName><Initials>KI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>von Schnurbein</LastName><ForeName>Julia</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sorkina</LastName><ForeName>Ekaterina</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stanley</LastName><ForeName>Takara</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vigouroux</LastName><ForeName>Corinne</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wabitsch</LastName><ForeName>Martin</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Williams</LastName><ForeName>Rachel</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yorifuji</LastName><ForeName>Tohru</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R.J.B., K.I.R.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Department of Medicine (D.A.-V.), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (P.T.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Paediatrics (D.D.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Metabolic Research Laboratories Wellcome Trust (D.D.), Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (A.G.), Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Royal North Shore Hospital (M.J.), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2126, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (L.M.), University of Nairobi, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya; Brehm Center for Diabetes and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (E.A.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (N.P.), Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (J.v.S., M.W.), Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Clamp Technologies Laboratory (E.S.), Endocrinology Research Center, and Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology of Medical Scientific Educational Centre of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Pediatric Endocrine Unit and Program in Nutritional Metabolism (T.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Sorbonne Universities (C.V.), l'université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris VI, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 938, St-Antoine Research Center, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, St-Antoine Hospital, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology (R.W.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.Y.), Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka City 534-0021, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>R01 DK088114</GrantID><Acronym>DK</Acronym><Agency>NIDDK NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 DK101941</GrantID><Acronym>DK</Acronym><Agency>NIDDK NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 DK105448</GrantID><Acronym>DK</Acronym><Agency>NIDDK NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0375362</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0021-972X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>AIM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Dec 10;87(6):866-72</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21129723</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Hum Mol Genet. 2000 Jan 1;9(1):109-12</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10587585</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nat Genet. 2014 Nov;46(11):1239-44</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25261934</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 May;85(5):1776-82</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10843151</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Oct;97(10):3663-71</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22872692</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Science. 2003 Jun 27;300(5628):2055</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12702809</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Genet. 2002 Apr;61(4):283-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12030893</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Circulation. 2003 Jun 17;107(23):2979-86</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12814985</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Jul;69(1):61-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18031308</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Metabolism. 2005 Feb;54(2):255-63</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15690321</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Metabolism. 2004 Apr;53(4):513-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15045701</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2011 May;64(5):e121-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21306965</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Apr;93(4):1129-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18211975</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Tex Heart Inst J. 2008;35(2):196-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18612489</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Sep;89(9):4258-63</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15356018</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9(1):59-68</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26465174</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jul;87(7):3110-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12107209</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Circulation. 2001 May 8;103(18):2225-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11342468</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nat Genet. 2000 Feb;24(2):153-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10655060</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Med Genet A. 2011 Nov;155A(11):2617-25</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21932319</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Hum Genet. 2015 Feb 5;96(2):295-300</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25620207</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Cell. 2015 Jul 30;162(3):465-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26232214</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nature. 1999 Dec 23-30;402(6764):880-3</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10622252</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nature. 2003 May 15;423(6937):293-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12714972</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Medicine (Baltimore). 2004 Jan;83(1):18-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14747765</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016 Jul;18(7):693-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26584826</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Horm Metab Res. 2012 Apr;44(4):306-11</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22274718</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Invest. 2009 Sep;119(9):2623-33</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19726876</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Endocrinol. 2010 Jun;162(6):1083-91</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20236991</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct;100(10):2218-24</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16181372</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Med Genet. 2014 Sep;57(9):524-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24980513</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Jan;94(1):10-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18854390</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Mar;88(3):1006-13</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12629077</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Atherosclerosis. 2011 Jul;217(1):1</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21722901</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroendocrinology. 2016;103(3-4):402-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26336809</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nat Genet. 2001 Aug;28(4):365-70</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11479539</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2011 Sep;64(9):1248-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21561824</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Science. 2004 May 28;304(5675):1325-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15166380</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Apr 15;168(5):771-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23447519</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Med Genet. 2002 Oct;39(10):722-33</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12362029</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Metabolism. 1979 Sep;28(9):908-16</RefSource><PMID Version="1">481216</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Endocr Pract. 2011 Nov-Dec;17(6):922-32</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22068254</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Medicine (Baltimore). 2003 Mar;82(2):129-46</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12640189</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Feb;52(2):341-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15692481</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jul;89(7):3199-207</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15240593</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Nov;120(6 Suppl):55S-66S</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18090343</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mol Genet Metab. 2013 Jun;109(2):227-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23647707</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983 Sep;57(3):517-23</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6348062</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan;93(1):26-31</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17940115</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Diabetes. 2016 Jan;34(1):3-21</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26807004</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabetes Care. 2003 Jan;26(1):30-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12502655</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Transplant. 2013 Nov;13(11):3031-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24007548</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>QJM. 1997 Jan;90(1):27-36</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9093586</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016 Jul;85(1):137-49</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26589105</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jun;93(6):2223-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18364375</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Pediatr Res. 1977 Sep;11(9 Pt 1):953-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">904981</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jul 1;63(25 Pt B):2889-934</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24239923</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Jan;35(1):66-75</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22050199</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 1991 Oct 24;325(17):1196-204</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1922206</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabetes Care. 2003 Jun;26(6):1819-24</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12766116</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Endocrine. 2015 May;49(1):139-47</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25367549</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>EMBO Mol Med. 2009 Aug;1(5):280-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20049731</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Intern Med. 2000 Aug 15;133(4):263-74</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10929166</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Can J Cardiol. 2014 Dec;30(12):1649-54</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25475467</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Feb;92(2):532-41</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17118991</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 17;111(24):8901-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24889630</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Feb;25(2):196-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15814388</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Sep;97(9):2957-68</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22962669</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2010 May 6;362(18):1675-85</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20427778</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2011 Feb 24;364(8):740-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21345103</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Lancet. 2000 Aug 5;356(9228):443-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10981882</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 12;370(24):2307-15</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24848981</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>PLoS One. 2013 Aug 06;8(8):e69545</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23940522</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nat Genet. 2002 May;31(1):21-3</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11967537</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Medicine (Baltimore). 2010 Jul;89(4):245-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20616664</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Leuk Lymphoma. 2016;57(1):45-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25864863</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Dec;92(12):4835-44</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17711925</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pediatr. 1985 Nov;144(4):355-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2934255</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Nov;96(11):3313-25</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21865368</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Lancet. 1973 Sep 8;2(7828):535-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">4125297</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 21;346(8):570-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11856796</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Med Genet A. 2015 Aug;167A(8):1796-806</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25898808</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Pediatr. 1986 Aug;109(2):301-2</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3734966</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabet Med. 2005 Oct;22(10):1444-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16176210</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Endocr Pract. 2012 Mar-Apr;18 Suppl 1:1-78</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22522068</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Arch Pediatr. 2009 Jan;16(1):27-31</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19026526</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar;97(3):785-92</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22170723</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am Heart J. 2015 Apr;169(4):587-93</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25819867</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Hum Genet. 2013 Jul 11;93(1):141-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23810378</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Plast Surg. 1982 Mar;8(3):253-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7103380</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>JAMA. 2011 Apr 27;305(16):1659-68</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21521847</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Oct;100(10 ):3603-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26252356</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Oct;88(10):4840-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14557463</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Nov;40(10):1155-70</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25267322</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 May;100(5):1802-10</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25734254</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Nov;88(11):5433-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14602785</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013 Jul 12;8:106</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23849162</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabetologia. 2004 Apr;47(4):753-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15298354</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Endocr Pract. 2009 Jan-Feb;15(1):71-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19211405</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Hepatol. 2013 Jul;59(1):131-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23439261</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Nov;152A(11):2749-55</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20979188</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Hepatology. 2005 Apr;41(4):753-60</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15791619</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2004 Mar 18;350(12):1220-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15028826</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jan;87(1):380-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11788680</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Aug;71(2):426-31</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12075506</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nat Genet. 2013 Aug;45(8):947-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23770608</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Dec;55(6):947-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17097389</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Invest. 2002 May;109(10):1345-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12021250</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Aug 15;12(16):1995-2001</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12913070</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Feb;97(2):563-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22090274</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Endocr Pract. 2013 Jan-Feb;19(1):107-16</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23435042</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Diabetologia. 2010 Jan;53(1):27-35</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19727665</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008060" MajorTopicYN="N">Lipodystrophy</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017410" MajorTopicYN="Y">Practice Guidelines as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27710244</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1210/jc.2016-2466</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5155679</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Japon</li></country><region><li>Galice</li></region><settlement><li>Santiago de Compostela</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Japon"><region name="Galice"><name sortKey="Brown, Rebecca J" sort="Brown, Rebecca J" uniqKey="Brown R" first="Rebecca J" last="Brown">Rebecca J. Brown</name></region><name sortKey="Araujo Vilar, David" sort="Araujo Vilar, David" uniqKey="Araujo Vilar D" first="David" last="Araujo-Vilar">David Araujo-Vilar</name><name sortKey="Cheung, Pik To" sort="Cheung, Pik To" uniqKey="Cheung P" first="Pik To" last="Cheung">Pik To Cheung</name><name sortKey="Dunger, David" sort="Dunger, David" uniqKey="Dunger D" first="David" last="Dunger">David Dunger</name><name sortKey="Garg, Abhimanyu" sort="Garg, Abhimanyu" uniqKey="Garg A" first="Abhimanyu" last="Garg">Abhimanyu Garg</name><name sortKey="Jack, Michelle" sort="Jack, Michelle" uniqKey="Jack M" first="Michelle" last="Jack">Michelle Jack</name><name sortKey="Mungai, Lucy" sort="Mungai, Lucy" uniqKey="Mungai L" first="Lucy" last="Mungai">Lucy Mungai</name><name sortKey="Oral, Elif A" sort="Oral, Elif A" uniqKey="Oral E" first="Elif A" last="Oral">Elif A. Oral</name><name sortKey="Patni, Nivedita" sort="Patni, Nivedita" uniqKey="Patni N" first="Nivedita" last="Patni">Nivedita Patni</name><name sortKey="Rother, Kristina I" sort="Rother, Kristina I" uniqKey="Rother K" first="Kristina I" last="Rother">Kristina I. Rother</name><name sortKey="Sorkina, Ekaterina" sort="Sorkina, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Sorkina E" first="Ekaterina" last="Sorkina">Ekaterina Sorkina</name><name sortKey="Stanley, Takara" sort="Stanley, Takara" uniqKey="Stanley T" first="Takara" last="Stanley">Takara Stanley</name><name sortKey="Vigouroux, Corinne" sort="Vigouroux, Corinne" uniqKey="Vigouroux C" first="Corinne" last="Vigouroux">Corinne Vigouroux</name><name sortKey="Von Schnurbein, Julia" sort="Von Schnurbein, Julia" uniqKey="Von Schnurbein J" first="Julia" last="Von Schnurbein">Julia Von Schnurbein</name><name sortKey="Wabitsch, Martin" sort="Wabitsch, Martin" uniqKey="Wabitsch M" first="Martin" last="Wabitsch">Martin Wabitsch</name><name sortKey="Williams, Rachel" sort="Williams, Rachel" uniqKey="Williams R" first="Rachel" last="Williams">Rachel Williams</name><name sortKey="Yorifuji, Tohru" sort="Yorifuji, Tohru" uniqKey="Yorifuji T" first="Tohru" last="Yorifuji">Tohru Yorifuji</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Asie/explor/AustralieFrV1/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001581 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 001581 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Asie
|area= AustralieFrV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:27710244
|texte= The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27710244" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a AustralieFrV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |