Human activities as a driver of spatial variation in the trophic structure of fish communities on Pacific coral reefs.
Identifieur interne : 000A65 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000A64; suivant : 000A66Human activities as a driver of spatial variation in the trophic structure of fish communities on Pacific coral reefs.
Auteurs : Jonathan L W. Ruppert [France] ; Laurent Vigliola [France] ; Michel Kulbicki [France] ; Pierre Labrosse [France] ; Marie-Josée Fortin [Canada] ; Mark G. Meekan [Australie]Source :
- Global change biology [ 1365-2486 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, pollution and fishing impact the trophic structure of coral reef fishes, which can influence ecosystem health and function. Although these impacts may be ubiquitous, they are not consistent across the tropical Pacific Ocean. Using an extensive database of fish biomass sampled using underwater visual transects on coral reefs, we modelled the impact of human activities on food webs at Pacific-wide and regional (1,000s-10,000s km) scales. We found significantly lower biomass of sharks and carnivores, where there were higher densities of human populations (hereafter referred to as human activity); however, these patterns were not spatially consistent as there were significant differences in the trophic structures of fishes among biogeographic regions. Additionally, we found significant changes in the benthic structure of reef environments, notably a decline in coral cover where there was more human activity. Direct human impacts were the strongest in the upper part of the food web, where we found that in a majority of the Pacific, the biomass of reef sharks and carnivores were significantly and negatively associated with human activity. Finally, although human-induced stressors varied in strength and significance throughout the coral reef food web across the Pacific, socioeconomic variables explained more variation in reef fish trophic structure than habitat variables in a majority of the biogeographic regions. Notably, economic development (measured as GDP per capita) did not guarantee healthy reef ecosystems (high coral cover and greater fish biomass). Our results indicate that human activities are significantly shaping patterns of trophic structure of reef fishes in a spatially nonuniform manner across the Pacific Ocean, by altering processes that organize communities in both "top-down" (fishing of predators) and "bottom-up" (degradation of benthic communities) contexts.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13882
PubMed: 28944520
Affiliations:
- Australie, Canada, France
- Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative), Ontario
- Perpignan, Toronto
- Université de Toronto
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Ruppert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vigliola, Laurent" sort="Vigliola, Laurent" uniqKey="Vigliola L" first="Laurent" last="Vigliola">Laurent Vigliola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulbicki, Michel" sort="Kulbicki, Michel" uniqKey="Kulbicki M" first="Michel" last="Kulbicki">Michel Kulbicki</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Perpignan, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Perpignan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Perpignan</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Labrosse, Pierre" sort="Labrosse, Pierre" uniqKey="Labrosse P" first="Pierre" last="Labrosse">Pierre Labrosse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Haut-Commissariat de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Haut-Commissariat de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Nouméa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fortin, Marie Josee" sort="Fortin, Marie Josee" uniqKey="Fortin M" first="Marie-Josée" last="Fortin">Marie-Josée Fortin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meekan, Mark G" sort="Meekan, Mark G" uniqKey="Meekan M" first="Mark G" last="Meekan">Mark G. Meekan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, c/o UWA Oceans Institute (MO96), Crawley, WA, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian Institute of Marine Science, c/o UWA Oceans Institute (MO96), Crawley, WA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>WA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Global change biology</title><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, pollution and fishing impact the trophic structure of coral reef fishes, which can influence ecosystem health and function. Although these impacts may be ubiquitous, they are not consistent across the tropical Pacific Ocean. Using an extensive database of fish biomass sampled using underwater visual transects on coral reefs, we modelled the impact of human activities on food webs at Pacific-wide and regional (1,000s-10,000s km) scales. We found significantly lower biomass of sharks and carnivores, where there were higher densities of human populations (hereafter referred to as human activity); however, these patterns were not spatially consistent as there were significant differences in the trophic structures of fishes among biogeographic regions. Additionally, we found significant changes in the benthic structure of reef environments, notably a decline in coral cover where there was more human activity. Direct human impacts were the strongest in the upper part of the food web, where we found that in a majority of the Pacific, the biomass of reef sharks and carnivores were significantly and negatively associated with human activity. Finally, although human-induced stressors varied in strength and significance throughout the coral reef food web across the Pacific, socioeconomic variables explained more variation in reef fish trophic structure than habitat variables in a majority of the biogeographic regions. Notably, economic development (measured as GDP per capita) did not guarantee healthy reef ecosystems (high coral cover and greater fish biomass). Our results indicate that human activities are significantly shaping patterns of trophic structure of reef fishes in a spatially nonuniform manner across the Pacific Ocean, by altering processes that organize communities in both "top-down" (fishing of predators) and "bottom-up" (degradation of benthic communities) contexts.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28944520</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCreated><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>25</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1365-2486</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>25</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Global change biology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Glob Chang Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Human activities as a driver of spatial variation in the trophic structure of fish communities on Pacific coral reefs.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/gcb.13882</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, pollution and fishing impact the trophic structure of coral reef fishes, which can influence ecosystem health and function. Although these impacts may be ubiquitous, they are not consistent across the tropical Pacific Ocean. Using an extensive database of fish biomass sampled using underwater visual transects on coral reefs, we modelled the impact of human activities on food webs at Pacific-wide and regional (1,000s-10,000s km) scales. We found significantly lower biomass of sharks and carnivores, where there were higher densities of human populations (hereafter referred to as human activity); however, these patterns were not spatially consistent as there were significant differences in the trophic structures of fishes among biogeographic regions. Additionally, we found significant changes in the benthic structure of reef environments, notably a decline in coral cover where there was more human activity. Direct human impacts were the strongest in the upper part of the food web, where we found that in a majority of the Pacific, the biomass of reef sharks and carnivores were significantly and negatively associated with human activity. Finally, although human-induced stressors varied in strength and significance throughout the coral reef food web across the Pacific, socioeconomic variables explained more variation in reef fish trophic structure than habitat variables in a majority of the biogeographic regions. Notably, economic development (measured as GDP per capita) did not guarantee healthy reef ecosystems (high coral cover and greater fish biomass). Our results indicate that human activities are significantly shaping patterns of trophic structure of reef fishes in a spatially nonuniform manner across the Pacific Ocean, by altering processes that organize communities in both "top-down" (fishing of predators) and "bottom-up" (degradation of benthic communities) contexts.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ruppert</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan L W</ForeName><Initials>JLW</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6973-107X</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, c/o UWA Oceans Institute (MO96), Crawley, WA, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vigliola</LastName><ForeName>Laurent</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Nouméa, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kulbicki</LastName><ForeName>Michel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Excellence LABEX CORAIL, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), UMR 250 ENTROPIE, Perpignan, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Labrosse</LastName><ForeName>Pierre</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Haut-Commissariat de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fortin</LastName><ForeName>Marie-Josée</ForeName><Initials>MJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meekan</LastName><ForeName>Mark G</ForeName><Initials>MG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, c/o UWA Oceans Institute (MO96), Crawley, WA, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>25</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Glob Chang Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9888746</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1354-1013</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">biogeography</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">habitat</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">multiscale analysis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">socioeconomic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">spatial food webs</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">structural equation models</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28944520</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1111/gcb.13882</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li></country><region><li>Languedoc-Roussillon</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li><li>Ontario</li></region><settlement><li>Perpignan</li><li>Toronto</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ruppert, Jonathan L W" sort="Ruppert, Jonathan L W" uniqKey="Ruppert J" first="Jonathan L W" last="Ruppert">Jonathan L W. Ruppert</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kulbicki, Michel" sort="Kulbicki, Michel" uniqKey="Kulbicki M" first="Michel" last="Kulbicki">Michel Kulbicki</name><name sortKey="Labrosse, Pierre" sort="Labrosse, Pierre" uniqKey="Labrosse P" first="Pierre" last="Labrosse">Pierre Labrosse</name><name sortKey="Vigliola, Laurent" sort="Vigliola, Laurent" uniqKey="Vigliola L" first="Laurent" last="Vigliola">Laurent Vigliola</name></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Fortin, Marie Josee" sort="Fortin, Marie Josee" uniqKey="Fortin M" first="Marie-Josée" last="Fortin">Marie-Josée Fortin</name></region></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Meekan, Mark G" sort="Meekan, Mark G" uniqKey="Meekan M" first="Mark G" last="Meekan">Mark G. Meekan</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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