Marine Protected Area Networks: Assessing Whether the Whole Is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts
Identifieur interne : 002A22 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002A21; suivant : 002A23Marine Protected Area Networks: Assessing Whether the Whole Is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts
Auteurs : Kirsten Grorud-Colvert [États-Unis] ; Joachim Claudet [France] ; Brian N. Tissot [États-Unis] ; Jennifer E. Caselle [États-Unis] ; Mark H. Carr [États-Unis] ; Jon C. Day [Australie] ; Alan M. Friedlander [États-Unis] ; Sarah E. Lester [États-Unis] ; Thierry Lison De Loma [Polynésie française, France] ; Daniel Malone [États-Unis] ; William J. Walsh [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Anthropogenic impacts are increasingly affecting the world's oceans. Networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) provide an option for increasing the ecological and economic benefits often provided by single MPAs. It is vital to empirically assess the effects of MPA networks and to prioritize the monitoring data necessary to explain those effects. We summarize the types of MPA networks based on their intended management outcomes and illustrate a framework for evaluating whether a connectivity network is providing an outcome greater than the sum of individual MPA effects. We use an analysis of an MPA network in Hawai'i to compare networked MPAs to non-networked MPAs to demonstrate results consistent with a network effect. We assert that planning processes for MPA networks should identify their intended outcomes while also employing coupled field monitoring-simulation modeling approaches, a powerful way to prioritize the most relevant monitoring data for empirically assessing MPA network performance.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102298
PubMed: 25084458
PubMed Central: 4118840
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Carr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Day, Jon C" sort="Day, Jon C" uniqKey="Day J" first="Jon C." last="Day">Jon C. 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Lester</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Loma, Thierry Lison" sort="De Loma, Thierry Lison" uniqKey="De Loma T" first="Thierry Lison" last="De Loma">Thierry Lison De Loma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), Moorea, French Polynesia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Polynésie française</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), Moorea</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘CORAIL’, Perpignan cedex, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘CORAIL’, Perpignan cedex</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malone, Daniel" sort="Malone, Daniel" uniqKey="Malone D" first="Daniel" last="Malone">Daniel Malone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walsh, William J" sort="Walsh, William J" uniqKey="Walsh W" first="William J." last="Walsh">William J. Walsh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Hawai'i Division of Aquatic Resources, Kailua-Kona, Hawai'i, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Hawai'i Division of Aquatic Resources, Kailua-Kona, Hawai'i</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Anthropogenic impacts are increasingly affecting the world's oceans. Networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) provide an option for increasing the ecological and economic benefits often provided by single MPAs. It is vital to empirically assess the effects of MPA networks and to prioritize the monitoring data necessary to explain those effects. We summarize the types of MPA networks based on their intended management outcomes and illustrate a framework for evaluating whether a connectivity network is providing an outcome greater than the sum of individual MPA effects. We use an analysis of an MPA network in Hawai'i to compare networked MPAs to non-networked MPAs to demonstrate results consistent with a network effect. We assert that planning processes for MPA networks should identify their intended outcomes while also employing coupled field monitoring-simulation modeling approaches, a powerful way to prioritize the most relevant monitoring data for empirically assessing MPA network performance.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Halpern, Bs" uniqKey="Halpern B">BS Halpern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Walbridge, S" uniqKey="Walbridge S">S Walbridge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selkoe, Ka" uniqKey="Selkoe K">KA Selkoe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kappel, Cv" uniqKey="Kappel C">CV Kappel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Micheli, F" uniqKey="Micheli F">F Micheli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jackson, Jbc" uniqKey="Jackson J">JBC Jackson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lotze, Hk" uniqKey="Lotze H">HK 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25084458</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4118840</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-04120</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0102298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Marine Biology</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Population Biology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Marine Protected Area Networks: Assessing Whether the Whole Is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Assessing Networks of Marine Protected Areas</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Grorud-Colvert</surname><given-names>Kirsten</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Claudet</surname><given-names>Joachim</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tissot</surname><given-names>Brian N.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Caselle</surname><given-names>Jennifer E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Carr</surname><given-names>Mark H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Day</surname><given-names>Jon C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Friedlander</surname><given-names>Alan M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lester</surname><given-names>Sarah E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>9</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Loma</surname><given-names>Thierry Lison</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>10</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Malone</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>11</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Walsh</surname><given-names>William J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>12</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), University of Perpignan, Perpignan cedex, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘CORAIL’, Perpignan cedex, France</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Humboldt State University Marine Laboratory, Trinidad, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><addr-line>Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><addr-line>Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Queensland, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label><addr-line>Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawai'i, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff9"><label>9</label><addr-line>Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff10"><label>10</label><addr-line>Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), Moorea, French Polynesia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff11"><label>11</label><addr-line>Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff12"><label>12</label><addr-line>Hawai'i Division of Aquatic Resources, Kailua-Kona, Hawai'i, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Gomez-Gardenes</surname><given-names>Jesus</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Universidad de Zarazoga, Spain</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>grorudck@science.oregonstate.edu</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: KGC JC BNT JEC MHC JCD AMF SEL TL DM WJW. Performed the experiments: BNT WJW. Analyzed the data: BNT. Wrote the paper: KGC JC BNT JEC MHC JCD AMF SEL TL DM WJW.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>1</day><month>8</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>8</issue><elocation-id>e102298</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Grorud-Colvert et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Anthropogenic impacts are increasingly affecting the world's oceans. Networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) provide an option for increasing the ecological and economic benefits often provided by single MPAs. It is vital to empirically assess the effects of MPA networks and to prioritize the monitoring data necessary to explain those effects. We summarize the types of MPA networks based on their intended management outcomes and illustrate a framework for evaluating whether a connectivity network is providing an outcome greater than the sum of individual MPA effects. We use an analysis of an MPA network in Hawai'i to compare networked MPAs to non-networked MPAs to demonstrate results consistent with a network effect. We assert that planning processes for MPA networks should identify their intended outcomes while also employing coupled field monitoring-simulation modeling approaches, a powerful way to prioritize the most relevant monitoring data for empirically assessing MPA network performance.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>Funding was provided by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.packard.org/">http://www.packard.org/</ext-link>), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.moore.org/">http://www.moore.org/</ext-link>), EU FP7 COCONET (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.coconet-fp7.eu/">http://www.coconet-fp7.eu/</ext-link>), biodivERsA BUFFER (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.biodiversa.org/518">http://www.biodiversa.org/518</ext-link>), Hawai'i Coral Reef Initiative Research Program (HCRI-RP, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.cop.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreefs/current/hcri-factsheet-cr.aspx">http://www.cop.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreefs/current/hcri-factsheet-cr.aspx</ext-link>) under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Coral Reef Monitoring Grants under NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://coralreef.noaa.gov/aboutcrcp/workwithus/funding/">http://coralreef.noaa.gov/aboutcrcp/workwithus/funding/</ext-link>). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="7"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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