Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height
Identifieur interne : 002D78 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 002D77; suivant : 002D79Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height
Auteurs : Eirini Marouli ; Mariaelisa Graff ; Carolina Medina-Gomez ; Ken Sin Lo ; Andrew R. Wood ; Troels R. Kjaer ; Rebecca S. Fine ; Yingchang Lu ; Claudia Schurmann ; Heather M. Highland ; Sina Rüeger ; Gudmar Thorleifsson ; Anne E. Justice ; David Lamparter ; Kathleen E. Stirrups ; Valérie Turcot ; Kristin L. Young ; Thomas W. Winkler ; T Nu Esko ; Tugce Karaderi ; Adam E. Locke ; Nicholas Gd Masca ; Maggie Cy Ng ; Poorva Mudgal ; Manuel A. Rivas ; Sailaja Vedantam ; Anubha Mahajan ; Xiuqing Guo ; Goncalo Abecasis ; Katja K. Aben ; Linda S. Adair ; Dewan S. Alam ; Eva Albrecht ; Kristine H. Allin ; Matthew Allison ; Philippe Amouyel ; Emil V. Appel ; Dominique Arveiler ; Folkert W. Asselbergs ; Paul L. Auer ; Beverley Balkau ; Bernhard Banas ; Lia E. Bang ; Marianne Benn ; Sven Bergmann ; Lawrence F. Bielak ; Matthias Blüher ; Heiner Boeing ; Eric Boerwinkle ; Carsten A. Böger ; Lori L. Bonnycastle ; Jette Bork-Jensen ; Michiel L. Bots ; Erwin P. Bottinger ; Donald W. Bowden ; Ivan Brandslund ; Gerome Breen ; Murray H. Brilliant ; Linda Broer ; Amber A. Burt ; Adam S. Butterworth ; David J. Carey ; Mark J. Caulfield ; John C. Chambers ; Daniel I. Chasman ; Yii-Der Ida Chen ; Rajiv Chowdhury ; Cramer Christensen ; Audrey Y. Chu ; Massimiliano Cocca ; Francis S. Collins ; James P. Cook ; Janie Corley ; Jordi Corominas Galbany ; Amanda J. Cox ; Gabriel Cuellar-Partida ; John Danesh ; Gail Davies ; Paul Iw De Bakker ; Gert J. De Borst ; Simon De Denus ; Mark Ch De Groot ; Renée De Mutsert ; Ian J. Deary ; George Dedoussis ; Ellen W. Demerath ; Anneke I. Den Hollander ; Joe G. Dennis ; Emanuele Di Angelantonio ; Fotios Drenos ; Mengmeng Du ; Alison M. Dunning ; Douglas F. Easton ; Tapani Ebeling ; Todd L. Edwards ; Patrick T. Ellinor ; Paul Elliott ; Evangelos Evangelou ; Aliki-Eleni Farmaki ; Jessica D. Faul ; Mary F. Feitosa ; Shuang Feng ; Ele Ferrannini ; Marco M. Ferrario ; Jean Ferrieres ; Jose C. Florez ; Ian Ford ; Myriam Fornage ; Paul W. Franks ; Ruth Frikke-Schmidt ; Tessel E. Galesloot ; Wei Gan ; Ilaria Gandin ; Paolo Gasparini ; Vilmantas Giedraitis ; Ayush Giri ; Giorgia Girotto ; Scott D. Gordon ; Penny Gordon-Larsen ; Mathias Gorski ; Niels Grarup ; Megan L. Grove ; Vilmundur Gudnason ; Stefan Gustafsson ; Torben Hansen ; Kathleen Mullan Harris ; Tamara B. Harris ; Andrew T. Hattersley ; Caroline Hayward ; Liang He ; Iris M. Heid ; Kauko Heikkil ; Yvind Helgeland ; Jussi Hernesniemi ; Alex W. Hewitt ; Lynne J. Hocking ; Mette Hollensted ; Oddgeir L. Holmen ; G. Kees Hovingh ; Joanna Mm Howson ; Carel B. Hoyng ; Paul L. Huang ; Kristian Hveem ; M. Arfan Ikram ; Erik Ingelsson ; Anne U. Jackson ; Jan-H Kan Jansson ; Gail P. Jarvik ; Gorm B. Jensen ; Min A. Jhun ; Yucheng Jia ; Xuejuan Jiang ; Stefan Johansson ; Marit E. J Rgensen ; Torben J Rgensen ; Pekka Jousilahti ; J Wouter Jukema ; Bratati Kahali ; René S. Kahn ; Mika K Hönen ; Pia R. Kamstrup ; Stavroula Kanoni ; Jaakko Kaprio ; Maria Karaleftheri ; Sharon Lr Kardia ; Fredrik Karpe ; Frank Kee ; Renske Keeman ; Lambertus A. Kiemeney ; Hidetoshi Kitajima ; Kirsten B. Kluivers ; Thomas Kocher ; Pirjo Komulainen ; Jukka Kontto ; Jaspal S. Kooner ; Charles Kooperberg ; Peter Kovacs ; Jennifer Kriebel ; Helena Kuivaniemi ; Sébastien Küry ; Johanna Kuusisto ; Martina La Bianca ; Markku Laakso ; Timo A. Lakka ; Ethan M. Lange ; Leslie A. Lange ; Carl D. Langefeld ; Claudia Langenberg ; Eric B. Larson ; I-Te Lee ; Terho Lehtim Ki ; Cora E. Lewis ; Huaixing Li ; Jin Li ; Ruifang Li-Gao ; Honghuang Lin ; Li-An Lin ; Xu Lin ; Lars Lind ; Jaana Lindström ; Allan Linneberg ; Yeheng Liu ; Yongmei Liu ; Artitaya Lophatananon ; Jian'An Luan ; Steven A. Lubitz ; Leo-Pekka Lyytik Inen ; David A. Mackey ; Pamela Af Madden ; Alisa K. Manning ; Satu M Nnistö ; Gaëlle Marenne ; Jonathan Marten ; Nicholas G. Martin ; Angela L. Mazul ; Karina Meidtner ; Andres Metspalu ; Paul Mitchell ; Karen L. Mohlke ; Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori ; Anna Morgan ; Andrew D. Morris ; Andrew P. Morris ; Martina Müller-Nurasyid ; Patricia B. Munroe ; Mike A. Nalls ; Matthias Nauck ; Christopher P. Nelson ; Matt Neville ; Sune F. Nielsen ; Kjell Nikus ; P L R. Nj Lstad ; B Rge G. Nordestgaard ; Ioanna Ntalla ; Jeffrey R. O'Connel ; Heikki Oksa ; Loes M Olde Loohuis ; Roel A. Ophoff ; Katharine R. Owen ; Chris J. Packard ; Sandosh Padmanabhan ; Colin Na Palmer ; Gerard Pasterkamp ; Aniruddh P. Patel ; Alison Pattie ; Oluf Pedersen ; Peggy L. Peissig ; Gina M. Peloso ; Craig E. Pennell ; Markus Perola ; James A. Perry ; John R. B. Perry ; Thomas N. Person ; Ailith Pirie ; Ozren Polasek ; Danielle Posthuma ; Olli T. Raitakari ; Asif Rasheed ; Rainer Rauramaa ; Dermot F. Reilly ; Alex P. Reiner ; Frida Renström ; Paul M. Ridker ; John D. Rioux ; Neil Robertson ; Antonietta Robino ; Olov Rolandsson ; Igor Rudan ; Katherine S. Ruth ; Danish Saleheen ; Veikko Salomaa ; Nilesh J. Samani ; Kevin Sandow ; Yadav Sapkota ; Naveed Sattar ; Marjanka K. Schmidt ; Pamela J. Schreiner ; Matthias B. Schulze ; Robert A. Scott ; Marcelo P. Segura-Lepe ; Svati Shah ; Xueling Sim ; Suthesh Sivapalaratnam ; Kerrin S. Small ; Albert Vernon Smith ; Jennifer A. Smith ; Lorraine Southam ; Timothy D. Spector ; Elizabeth K. Speliotes ; John M. Starr ; Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir ; Heather M. Stringham ; Michael Stumvoll ; Praveen Surendran ; Leen M Hart ; Katherine E. Tansey ; Jean-Claude Tardif ; Kent D. Taylor ; Alexander Teumer ; Deborah J. Thompson ; Unnur Thorsteinsdottir ; Betina H. Thuesen ; Anke Tönjes ; Gerard Tromp ; Stella Trompet ; Emmanouil Tsafantakis ; Jaakko Tuomilehto ; Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen ; Jonathan P. Tyrer ; Rudolf Uher ; André G. Uitterlinden ; Sheila Ulivi ; Sander W. Van Der Laan ; Andries R. Van Der Leij ; Cornelia M. Van Duijn ; Natasja M. Van Schoor ; Jessica Van Setten ; Anette Varbo ; Tibor V. Varga ; Rohit Varma ; Digna R Velez Edwards ; Sita H. Vermeulen ; Henrik Vestergaard ; Veronique Vitart ; Thomas F. Vogt ; Diego Vozzi ; Mark Walker ; Feijie Wang ; Carol A. Wang ; Shuai Wang ; Yiqin Wang ; Nicholas J. Wareham ; Helen R. Warren ; Jennifer Wessel ; Sara M. Willems ; James G. Wilson ; Daniel R. Witte ; Michael O. Woods ; Ying Wu ; Hanieh Yaghootkar ; Jie Yao ; Pang Yao ; Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong ; Robin Young ; Eleftheria Zeggini ; Xiaowei Zhan ; Weihua Zhang ; Jing Hua Zhao ; Wei Zhao ; Wei Zhao ; He Zheng ; Wei Zhou ; Jerome I. Rotter ; Michael Boehnke ; Sekar Kathiresan ; Mark I. Mccarthy ; Cristen J. Willer ; Kari Stefansson ; Ingrid B. Borecki ; Dajiang J. Liu ; Kari E. North ; Nancy L. Heard-Costa ; Tune H. Pers ; Cecilia M. Lindgren ; Claus Oxvig ; Zoltán Kutalik ; Fernando Rivadeneira ; Ruth Jf Loos ; Timothy M. Frayling ; Joel N. Hirschhorn ; Panos Deloukas ; Guillaume LettreSource :
- Nature [ 0028-0836 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ∼700 common associated variants identified so far through genome-wide association studies. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequencies (range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 cm/allele (
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/nature21039
PubMed: 28146470
PubMed Central: 5302847
Links to Exploration step
PMC:5302847Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height</title><author><name sortKey="Marouli, Eirini" sort="Marouli, Eirini" uniqKey="Marouli E" first="Eirini" last="Marouli">Eirini Marouli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graff, Mariaelisa" sort="Graff, Mariaelisa" uniqKey="Graff M" first="Mariaelisa" last="Graff">Mariaelisa Graff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Medina Gomez, Carolina" sort="Medina Gomez, Carolina" uniqKey="Medina Gomez C" first="Carolina" last="Medina-Gomez">Carolina Medina-Gomez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lo, Ken Sin" sort="Lo, Ken Sin" uniqKey="Lo K" first="Ken Sin" last="Lo">Ken Sin Lo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Andrew R" sort="Wood, Andrew R" uniqKey="Wood A" first="Andrew R" last="Wood">Andrew R. Wood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kjaer, Troels R" sort="Kjaer, Troels R" uniqKey="Kjaer T" first="Troels R" last="Kjaer">Troels R. Kjaer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, Rebecca S" sort="Fine, Rebecca S" uniqKey="Fine R" first="Rebecca S" last="Fine">Rebecca S. Fine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Yingchang" sort="Lu, Yingchang" uniqKey="Lu Y" first="Yingchang" last="Lu">Yingchang Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schurmann, Claudia" sort="Schurmann, Claudia" uniqKey="Schurmann C" first="Claudia" last="Schurmann">Claudia Schurmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Highland, Heather M" sort="Highland, Heather M" uniqKey="Highland H" first="Heather M" last="Highland">Heather M. Highland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rueger, Sina" sort="Rueger, Sina" uniqKey="Rueger S" first="Sina" last="Rüeger">Sina Rüeger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorleifsson, Gudmar" sort="Thorleifsson, Gudmar" uniqKey="Thorleifsson G" first="Gudmar" last="Thorleifsson">Gudmar Thorleifsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Justice, Anne E" sort="Justice, Anne E" uniqKey="Justice A" first="Anne E" last="Justice">Anne E. Justice</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamparter, David" sort="Lamparter, David" uniqKey="Lamparter D" first="David" last="Lamparter">David Lamparter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stirrups, Kathleen E" sort="Stirrups, Kathleen E" uniqKey="Stirrups K" first="Kathleen E" last="Stirrups">Kathleen E. Stirrups</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turcot, Valerie" sort="Turcot, Valerie" uniqKey="Turcot V" first="Valérie" last="Turcot">Valérie Turcot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Kristin L" sort="Young, Kristin L" uniqKey="Young K" first="Kristin L" last="Young">Kristin L. Young</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winkler, Thomas W" sort="Winkler, Thomas W" uniqKey="Winkler T" first="Thomas W" last="Winkler">Thomas W. Winkler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karaderi, Tugce" sort="Karaderi, Tugce" uniqKey="Karaderi T" first="Tugce" last="Karaderi">Tugce Karaderi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Locke, Adam E" sort="Locke, Adam E" uniqKey="Locke A" first="Adam E" last="Locke">Adam E. Locke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masca, Nicholas Gd" sort="Masca, Nicholas Gd" uniqKey="Masca N" first="Nicholas Gd" last="Masca">Nicholas Gd Masca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Maggie Cy" sort="Ng, Maggie Cy" uniqKey="Ng M" first="Maggie Cy" last="Ng">Maggie Cy Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mudgal, Poorva" sort="Mudgal, Poorva" uniqKey="Mudgal P" first="Poorva" last="Mudgal">Poorva Mudgal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rivas, Manuel A" sort="Rivas, Manuel A" uniqKey="Rivas M" first="Manuel A" last="Rivas">Manuel A. Rivas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford, OX37BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vedantam, Sailaja" sort="Vedantam, Sailaja" uniqKey="Vedantam S" first="Sailaja" last="Vedantam">Sailaja Vedantam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahajan, Anubha" sort="Mahajan, Anubha" uniqKey="Mahajan A" first="Anubha" last="Mahajan">Anubha Mahajan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, Xiuqing" sort="Guo, Xiuqing" uniqKey="Guo X" first="Xiuqing" last="Guo">Xiuqing Guo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abecasis, Goncalo" sort="Abecasis, Goncalo" uniqKey="Abecasis G" first="Goncalo" last="Abecasis">Goncalo Abecasis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aben, Katja K" sort="Aben, Katja K" uniqKey="Aben K" first="Katja K" last="Aben">Katja K. Aben</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, 3501 DB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adair, Linda S" sort="Adair, Linda S" uniqKey="Adair L" first="Linda S" last="Adair">Linda S. Adair</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alam, Dewan S" sort="Alam, Dewan S" uniqKey="Alam D" first="Dewan S" last="Alam">Dewan S. Alam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albrecht, Eva" sort="Albrecht, Eva" uniqKey="Albrecht E" first="Eva" last="Albrecht">Eva Albrecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allin, Kristine H" sort="Allin, Kristine H" uniqKey="Allin K" first="Kristine H" last="Allin">Kristine H. Allin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allison, Matthew" sort="Allison, Matthew" uniqKey="Allison M" first="Matthew" last="Allison">Matthew Allison</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouyel, Philippe" sort="Amouyel, Philippe" uniqKey="Amouyel P" first="Philippe" last="Amouyel">Philippe Amouyel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">INSERM U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Universite de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appel, Emil V" sort="Appel, Emil V" uniqKey="Appel E" first="Emil V" last="Appel">Emil V. Appel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arveiler, Dominique" sort="Arveiler, Dominique" uniqKey="Arveiler D" first="Dominique" last="Arveiler">Dominique Arveiler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67085, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67081, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Asselbergs, Folkert W" sort="Asselbergs, Folkert W" uniqKey="Asselbergs F" first="Folkert W" last="Asselbergs">Folkert W. Asselbergs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auer, Paul L" sort="Auer, Paul L" uniqKey="Auer P" first="Paul L" last="Auer">Paul L. Auer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Épidemiologie et Sante des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Banas, Bernhard" sort="Banas, Bernhard" uniqKey="Banas B" first="Bernhard" last="Banas">Bernhard Banas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bang, Lia E" sort="Bang, Lia E" uniqKey="Bang L" first="Lia E" last="Bang">Lia E. Bang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benn, Marianne" sort="Benn, Marianne" uniqKey="Benn M" first="Marianne" last="Benn">Marianne Benn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergmann, Sven" sort="Bergmann, Sven" uniqKey="Bergmann S" first="Sven" last="Bergmann">Sven Bergmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bielak, Lawrence F" sort="Bielak, Lawrence F" uniqKey="Bielak L" first="Lawrence F" last="Bielak">Lawrence F. Bielak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bluher, Matthias" sort="Bluher, Matthias" uniqKey="Bluher M" first="Matthias" last="Blüher">Matthias Blüher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boeing, Heiner" sort="Boeing, Heiner" uniqKey="Boeing H" first="Heiner" last="Boeing">Heiner Boeing</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boerwinkle, Eric" sort="Boerwinkle, Eric" uniqKey="Boerwinkle E" first="Eric" last="Boerwinkle">Eric Boerwinkle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boger, Carsten A" sort="Boger, Carsten A" uniqKey="Boger C" first="Carsten A" last="Böger">Carsten A. Böger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonnycastle, Lori L" sort="Bonnycastle, Lori L" uniqKey="Bonnycastle L" first="Lori L" last="Bonnycastle">Lori L. Bonnycastle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bork Jensen, Jette" sort="Bork Jensen, Jette" uniqKey="Bork Jensen J" first="Jette" last="Bork-Jensen">Jette Bork-Jensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bots, Michiel L" sort="Bots, Michiel L" uniqKey="Bots M" first="Michiel L" last="Bots">Michiel L. Bots</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bottinger, Erwin P" sort="Bottinger, Erwin P" uniqKey="Bottinger E" first="Erwin P" last="Bottinger">Erwin P. Bottinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bowden, Donald W" sort="Bowden, Donald W" uniqKey="Bowden D" first="Donald W" last="Bowden">Donald W. Bowden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brandslund, Ivan" sort="Brandslund, Ivan" uniqKey="Brandslund I" first="Ivan" last="Brandslund">Ivan Brandslund</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Breen, Gerome" sort="Breen, Gerome" uniqKey="Breen G" first="Gerome" last="Breen">Gerome Breen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kingís College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Maudsley, London, SE5 8AF, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brilliant, Murray H" sort="Brilliant, Murray H" uniqKey="Brilliant M" first="Murray H" last="Brilliant">Murray H. Brilliant</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Broer, Linda" sort="Broer, Linda" uniqKey="Broer L" first="Linda" last="Broer">Linda Broer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burt, Amber A" sort="Burt, Amber A" uniqKey="Burt A" first="Amber A" last="Burt">Amber A. Burt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Butterworth, Adam S" sort="Butterworth, Adam S" uniqKey="Butterworth A" first="Adam S" last="Butterworth">Adam S. Butterworth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carey, David J" sort="Carey, David J" uniqKey="Carey D" first="David J" last="Carey">David J. Carey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caulfield, Mark J" sort="Caulfield, Mark J" uniqKey="Caulfield M" first="Mark J" last="Caulfield">Mark J. Caulfield</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambers, John C" sort="Chambers, John C" uniqKey="Chambers J" first="John C" last="Chambers">John C. Chambers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chasman, Daniel I" sort="Chasman, Daniel I" uniqKey="Chasman D" first="Daniel I" last="Chasman">Daniel I. Chasman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yii Der Ida" sort="Chen, Yii Der Ida" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yii-Der Ida" last="Chen">Yii-Der Ida Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Rajiv" sort="Chowdhury, Rajiv" uniqKey="Chowdhury R" first="Rajiv" last="Chowdhury">Rajiv Chowdhury</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Cramer" sort="Christensen, Cramer" uniqKey="Christensen C" first="Cramer" last="Christensen">Cramer Christensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Medical department, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Audrey Y" sort="Chu, Audrey Y" uniqKey="Chu A" first="Audrey Y" last="Chu">Audrey Y. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cocca, Massimiliano" sort="Cocca, Massimiliano" uniqKey="Cocca M" first="Massimiliano" last="Cocca">Massimiliano Cocca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collins, Francis S" sort="Collins, Francis S" uniqKey="Collins F" first="Francis S" last="Collins">Francis S. Collins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, James P" sort="Cook, James P" uniqKey="Cook J" first="James P" last="Cook">James P. Cook</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corley, Janie" sort="Corley, Janie" uniqKey="Corley J" first="Janie" last="Corley">Janie Corley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galbany, Jordi Corominas" sort="Galbany, Jordi Corominas" uniqKey="Galbany J" first="Jordi Corominas" last="Galbany">Jordi Corominas Galbany</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Amanda J" sort="Cox, Amanda J" uniqKey="Cox A" first="Amanda J" last="Cox">Amanda J. Cox</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cuellar Partida, Gabriel" sort="Cuellar Partida, Gabriel" uniqKey="Cuellar Partida G" first="Gabriel" last="Cuellar-Partida">Gabriel Cuellar-Partida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Diamantina Institute, University of Qeensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Danesh, John" sort="Danesh, John" uniqKey="Danesh J" first="John" last="Danesh">John Danesh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">British Heart Foundation, Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, Gail" sort="Davies, Gail" uniqKey="Davies G" first="Gail" last="Davies">Gail Davies</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Bakker, Paul Iw" sort="De Bakker, Paul Iw" uniqKey="De Bakker P" first="Paul Iw" last="De Bakker">Paul Iw De Bakker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Borst, Gert J" sort="De Borst, Gert J" uniqKey="De Borst G" first="Gert J." last="De Borst">Gert J. De Borst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Denus, Simon" sort="De Denus, Simon" uniqKey="De Denus S" first="Simon" last="De Denus">Simon De Denus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Groot, Mark Ch" sort="De Groot, Mark Ch" uniqKey="De Groot M" first="Mark Ch" last="De Groot">Mark Ch De Groot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Division of Laboratory and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508 GA, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dvision Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mutsert, Renee" sort="De Mutsert, Renee" uniqKey="De Mutsert R" first="Renée" last="De Mutsert">Renée De Mutsert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J" last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dedoussis, George" sort="Dedoussis, George" uniqKey="Dedoussis G" first="George" last="Dedoussis">George Dedoussis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demerath, Ellen W" sort="Demerath, Ellen W" uniqKey="Demerath E" first="Ellen W" last="Demerath">Ellen W. Demerath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Den Hollander, Anneke I" sort="Den Hollander, Anneke I" uniqKey="Den Hollander A" first="Anneke I" last="Den Hollander">Anneke I. Den Hollander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Joe G" sort="Dennis, Joe G" uniqKey="Dennis J" first="Joe G" last="Dennis">Joe G. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Angelantonio, Emanuele" sort="Di Angelantonio, Emanuele" uniqKey="Di Angelantonio E" first="Emanuele" last="Di Angelantonio">Emanuele Di Angelantonio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drenos, Fotios" sort="Drenos, Fotios" uniqKey="Drenos F" first="Fotios" last="Drenos">Fotios Drenos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristo, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Mengmeng" sort="Du, Mengmeng" uniqKey="Du M" first="Mengmeng" last="Du">Mengmeng Du</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, 10017, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunning, Alison M" sort="Dunning, Alison M" uniqKey="Dunning A" first="Alison M" last="Dunning">Alison M. Dunning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Easton, Douglas F" sort="Easton, Douglas F" uniqKey="Easton D" first="Douglas F" last="Easton">Douglas F. Easton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ebeling, Tapani" sort="Ebeling, Tapani" uniqKey="Ebeling T" first="Tapani" last="Ebeling">Tapani Ebeling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90029, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Todd L" sort="Edwards, Todd L" uniqKey="Edwards T" first="Todd L" last="Edwards">Todd L. Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellinor, Patrick T" sort="Ellinor, Patrick T" uniqKey="Ellinor P" first="Patrick T" last="Ellinor">Patrick T. Ellinor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evangelou, Evangelos" sort="Evangelou, Evangelos" uniqKey="Evangelou E" first="Evangelos" last="Evangelou">Evangelos Evangelou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farmaki, Aliki Eleni" sort="Farmaki, Aliki Eleni" uniqKey="Farmaki A" first="Aliki-Eleni" last="Farmaki">Aliki-Eleni Farmaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faul, Jessica D" sort="Faul, Jessica D" uniqKey="Faul J" first="Jessica D" last="Faul">Jessica D. Faul</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feitosa, Mary F" sort="Feitosa, Mary F" uniqKey="Feitosa M" first="Mary F" last="Feitosa">Mary F. Feitosa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Shuang" sort="Feng, Shuang" uniqKey="Feng S" first="Shuang" last="Feng">Shuang Feng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrannini, Ele" sort="Ferrannini, Ele" uniqKey="Ferrannini E" first="Ele" last="Ferrannini">Ele Ferrannini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrario, Marco M" sort="Ferrario, Marco M" uniqKey="Ferrario M" first="Marco M" last="Ferrario">Marco M. Ferrario</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrieres, Jean" sort="Ferrieres, Jean" uniqKey="Ferrieres J" first="Jean" last="Ferrieres">Jean Ferrieres</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, TSA 50032 31059, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florez, Jose C" sort="Florez, Jose C" uniqKey="Florez J" first="Jose C" last="Florez">Jose C. Florez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ford, Ian" sort="Ford, Ian" uniqKey="Ford I" first="Ian" last="Ford">Ian Ford</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fornage, Myriam" sort="Fornage, Myriam" uniqKey="Fornage M" first="Myriam" last="Fornage">Myriam Fornage</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franks, Paul W" sort="Franks, Paul W" uniqKey="Franks P" first="Paul W" last="Franks">Paul W. Franks</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frikke Schmidt, Ruth" sort="Frikke Schmidt, Ruth" uniqKey="Frikke Schmidt R" first="Ruth" last="Frikke-Schmidt">Ruth Frikke-Schmidt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galesloot, Tessel E" sort="Galesloot, Tessel E" uniqKey="Galesloot T" first="Tessel E" last="Galesloot">Tessel E. Galesloot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gan, Wei" sort="Gan, Wei" uniqKey="Gan W" first="Wei" last="Gan">Wei Gan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gandin, Ilaria" sort="Gandin, Ilaria" uniqKey="Gandin I" first="Ilaria" last="Gandin">Ilaria Gandin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasparini, Paolo" sort="Gasparini, Paolo" uniqKey="Gasparini P" first="Paolo" last="Gasparini">Paolo Gasparini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" sort="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" uniqKey="Giedraitis V" first="Vilmantas" last="Giedraitis">Vilmantas Giedraitis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Geriatrics, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giri, Ayush" sort="Giri, Ayush" uniqKey="Giri A" first="Ayush" last="Giri">Ayush Giri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Girotto, Giorgia" sort="Girotto, Giorgia" uniqKey="Girotto G" first="Giorgia" last="Girotto">Giorgia Girotto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Scott D" sort="Gordon, Scott D" uniqKey="Gordon S" first="Scott D" last="Gordon">Scott D. Gordon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon Larsen, Penny" sort="Gordon Larsen, Penny" uniqKey="Gordon Larsen P" first="Penny" last="Gordon-Larsen">Penny Gordon-Larsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127">Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorski, Mathias" sort="Gorski, Mathias" uniqKey="Gorski M" first="Mathias" last="Gorski">Mathias Gorski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grarup, Niels" sort="Grarup, Niels" uniqKey="Grarup N" first="Niels" last="Grarup">Niels Grarup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grove, Megan L" sort="Grove, Megan L" uniqKey="Grove M" first="Megan L." last="Grove">Megan L. Grove</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudnason, Vilmundur" sort="Gudnason, Vilmundur" uniqKey="Gudnason V" first="Vilmundur" last="Gudnason">Vilmundur Gudnason</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gustafsson, Stefan" sort="Gustafsson, Stefan" uniqKey="Gustafsson S" first="Stefan" last="Gustafsson">Stefan Gustafsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Torben" sort="Hansen, Torben" uniqKey="Hansen T" first="Torben" last="Hansen">Torben Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, Kathleen Mullan" sort="Harris, Kathleen Mullan" uniqKey="Harris K" first="Kathleen Mullan" last="Harris">Kathleen Mullan Harris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131">Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, Tamara B" sort="Harris, Tamara B" uniqKey="Harris T" first="Tamara B" last="Harris">Tamara B. Harris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132">Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hattersley, Andrew T" sort="Hattersley, Andrew T" uniqKey="Hattersley A" first="Andrew T" last="Hattersley">Andrew T. Hattersley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133">University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayward, Caroline" sort="Hayward, Caroline" uniqKey="Hayward C" first="Caroline" last="Hayward">Caroline Hayward</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Liang" sort="He, Liang" uniqKey="He L" first="Liang" last="He">Liang He</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heid, Iris M" sort="Heid, Iris M" uniqKey="Heid I" first="Iris M" last="Heid">Iris M. Heid</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkil, Kauko" sort="Heikkil, Kauko" uniqKey="Heikkil K" first="Kauko" last="Heikkil">Kauko Heikkil</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helgeland, Yvind" sort="Helgeland, Yvind" uniqKey="Helgeland " first=" Yvind" last="Helgeland"> Yvind Helgeland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hernesniemi, Jussi" sort="Hernesniemi, Jussi" uniqKey="Hernesniemi J" first="Jussi" last="Hernesniemi">Jussi Hernesniemi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hewitt, Alex W" sort="Hewitt, Alex W" uniqKey="Hewitt A" first="Alex W" last="Hewitt">Alex W. Hewitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hocking, Lynne J" sort="Hocking, Lynne J" uniqKey="Hocking L" first="Lynne J" last="Hocking">Lynne J. Hocking</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146">Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147">Musculoskeletal Research Programme, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollensted, Mette" sort="Hollensted, Mette" uniqKey="Hollensted M" first="Mette" last="Hollensted">Mette Hollensted</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmen, Oddgeir L" sort="Holmen, Oddgeir L" uniqKey="Holmen O" first="Oddgeir L" last="Holmen">Oddgeir L. Holmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148">K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7600, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hovingh, G Kees" sort="Hovingh, G Kees" uniqKey="Hovingh G" first="G. Kees" last="Hovingh">G. Kees Hovingh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">AMC, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Howson, Joanna Mm" sort="Howson, Joanna Mm" uniqKey="Howson J" first="Joanna Mm" last="Howson">Joanna Mm Howson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoyng, Carel B" sort="Hoyng, Carel B" uniqKey="Hoyng C" first="Carel B" last="Hoyng">Carel B. Hoyng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Paul L" sort="Huang, Paul L" uniqKey="Huang P" first="Paul L" last="Huang">Paul L. Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hveem, Kristian" sort="Hveem, Kristian" uniqKey="Hveem K" first="Kristian" last="Hveem">Kristian Hveem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150">HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M. Arfan" last="Ikram">M. Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151">Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingelsson, Erik" sort="Ingelsson, Erik" uniqKey="Ingelsson E" first="Erik" last="Ingelsson">Erik Ingelsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153">Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 943 05, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, Anne U" sort="Jackson, Anne U" uniqKey="Jackson A" first="Anne U" last="Jackson">Anne U. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jansson, Jan H Kan" sort="Jansson, Jan H Kan" uniqKey="Jansson J" first="Jan-H Kan" last="Jansson">Jan-H Kan Jansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155">Research Unit Skellefteå, Skellefteå, SE-93141, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarvik, Gail P" sort="Jarvik, Gail P" uniqKey="Jarvik G" first="Gail P" last="Jarvik">Gail P. Jarvik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156">Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, Gorm B" sort="Jensen, Gorm B" uniqKey="Jensen G" first="Gorm B" last="Jensen">Gorm B. Jensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A157">The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jhun, Min A" sort="Jhun, Min A" uniqKey="Jhun M" first="Min A" last="Jhun">Min A. Jhun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, Yucheng" sort="Jia, Yucheng" uniqKey="Jia Y" first="Yucheng" last="Jia">Yucheng Jia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xuejuan" sort="Jiang, Xuejuan" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xuejuan" last="Jiang">Xuejuan Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansson, Stefan" sort="Johansson, Stefan" uniqKey="Johansson S" first="Stefan" last="Johansson">Stefan Johansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, Marit E" sort="J Rgensen, Marit E" uniqKey="J Rgensen M" first="Marit E" last="J Rgensen">Marit E. J Rgensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161">National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, 1353, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, 2820, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, Torben" sort="J Rgensen, Torben" uniqKey="J Rgensen T" first="Torben" last="J Rgensen">Torben J Rgensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jousilahti, Pekka" sort="Jousilahti, Pekka" uniqKey="Jousilahti P" first="Pekka" last="Jousilahti">Pekka Jousilahti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jukema, J Wouter" sort="Jukema, J Wouter" uniqKey="Jukema J" first="J Wouter" last="Jukema">J Wouter Jukema</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">The Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahali, Bratati" sort="Kahali, Bratati" uniqKey="Kahali B" first="Bratati" last="Kahali">Bratati Kahali</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahn, Rene S" sort="Kahn, Rene S" uniqKey="Kahn R" first="René S" last="Kahn">René S. Kahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Honen, Mika" sort="K Honen, Mika" uniqKey="K Honen M" first="Mika" last="K Hönen">Mika K Hönen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172">Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamstrup, Pia R" sort="Kamstrup, Pia R" uniqKey="Kamstrup P" first="Pia R" last="Kamstrup">Pia R. Kamstrup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanoni, Stavroula" sort="Kanoni, Stavroula" uniqKey="Kanoni S" first="Stavroula" last="Kanoni">Stavroula Kanoni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaprio, Jaakko" sort="Kaprio, Jaakko" uniqKey="Kaprio J" first="Jaakko" last="Kaprio">Jaakko Kaprio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karaleftheri, Maria" sort="Karaleftheri, Maria" uniqKey="Karaleftheri M" first="Maria" last="Karaleftheri">Maria Karaleftheri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173">Echinos Medical Centre, Echinos, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kardia, Sharon Lr" sort="Kardia, Sharon Lr" uniqKey="Kardia S" first="Sharon Lr" last="Kardia">Sharon Lr Kardia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karpe, Fredrik" sort="Karpe, Fredrik" uniqKey="Karpe F" first="Fredrik" last="Karpe">Fredrik Karpe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kee, Frank" sort="Kee, Frank" uniqKey="Kee F" first="Frank" last="Kee">Frank Kee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176">UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK, BT12 6BJ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keeman, Renske" sort="Keeman, Renske" uniqKey="Keeman R" first="Renske" last="Keeman">Renske Keeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiemeney, Lambertus A" sort="Kiemeney, Lambertus A" uniqKey="Kiemeney L" first="Lambertus A" last="Kiemeney">Lambertus A. Kiemeney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kitajima, Hidetoshi" sort="Kitajima, Hidetoshi" uniqKey="Kitajima H" first="Hidetoshi" last="Kitajima">Hidetoshi Kitajima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kluivers, Kirsten B" sort="Kluivers, Kirsten B" uniqKey="Kluivers K" first="Kirsten B" last="Kluivers">Kirsten B. Kluivers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kocher, Thomas" sort="Kocher, Thomas" uniqKey="Kocher T" first="Thomas" last="Kocher">Thomas Kocher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komulainen, Pirjo" sort="Komulainen, Pirjo" uniqKey="Komulainen P" first="Pirjo" last="Komulainen">Pirjo Komulainen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kontto, Jukka" sort="Kontto, Jukka" uniqKey="Kontto J" first="Jukka" last="Kontto">Jukka Kontto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kooner, Jaspal S" sort="Kooner, Jaspal S" uniqKey="Kooner J" first="Jaspal S" last="Kooner">Jaspal S. Kooner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kooperberg, Charles" sort="Kooperberg, Charles" uniqKey="Kooperberg C" first="Charles" last="Kooperberg">Charles Kooperberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovacs, Peter" sort="Kovacs, Peter" uniqKey="Kovacs P" first="Peter" last="Kovacs">Peter Kovacs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kriebel, Jennifer" sort="Kriebel, Jennifer" uniqKey="Kriebel J" first="Jennifer" last="Kriebel">Jennifer Kriebel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183">Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184">Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuivaniemi, Helena" sort="Kuivaniemi, Helena" uniqKey="Kuivaniemi H" first="Helena" last="Kuivaniemi">Helena Kuivaniemi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185">Department of Psychiatry, and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kury, Sebastien" sort="Kury, Sebastien" uniqKey="Kury S" first="Sébastien" last="Küry">Sébastien Küry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186">CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes, 44093, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuusisto, Johanna" sort="Kuusisto, Johanna" uniqKey="Kuusisto J" first="Johanna" last="Kuusisto">Johanna Kuusisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Bianca, Martina" sort="La Bianca, Martina" uniqKey="La Bianca M" first="Martina" last="La Bianca">Martina La Bianca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laakso, Markku" sort="Laakso, Markku" uniqKey="Laakso M" first="Markku" last="Laakso">Markku Laakso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakka, Timo A" sort="Lakka, Timo A" uniqKey="Lakka T" first="Timo A" last="Lakka">Timo A. Lakka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189">Institute of Biomedicine & Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lange, Ethan M" sort="Lange, Ethan M" uniqKey="Lange E" first="Ethan M" last="Lange">Ethan M. Lange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lange, Leslie A" sort="Lange, Leslie A" uniqKey="Lange L" first="Leslie A" last="Lange">Leslie A. Lange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langefeld, Carl D" sort="Langefeld, Carl D" uniqKey="Langefeld C" first="Carl D" last="Langefeld">Carl D. Langefeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191">Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langenberg, Claudia" sort="Langenberg, Claudia" uniqKey="Langenberg C" first="Claudia" last="Langenberg">Claudia Langenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larson, Eric B" sort="Larson, Eric B" uniqKey="Larson E" first="Eric B" last="Larson">Eric B. Larson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A193">Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194">Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98101, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, I Te" sort="Lee, I Te" uniqKey="Lee I" first="I-Te" last="Lee">I-Te Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195">Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196">School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197">School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lehtim Ki, Terho" sort="Lehtim Ki, Terho" uniqKey="Lehtim Ki T" first="Terho" last="Lehtim Ki">Terho Lehtim Ki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Cora E" sort="Lewis, Cora E" uniqKey="Lewis C" first="Cora E" last="Lewis">Cora E. Lewis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198">Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Huaixing" sort="Li, Huaixing" uniqKey="Li H" first="Huaixing" last="Li">Huaixing Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Jin" sort="Li, Jin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin" last="Li">Jin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200">Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li Gao, Ruifang" sort="Li Gao, Ruifang" uniqKey="Li Gao R" first="Ruifang" last="Li-Gao">Ruifang Li-Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Honghuang" sort="Lin, Honghuang" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Honghuang" last="Lin">Honghuang Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201">Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Li An" sort="Lin, Li An" uniqKey="Lin L" first="Li-An" last="Lin">Li-An Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Xu" sort="Lin, Xu" uniqKey="Lin X" first="Xu" last="Lin">Xu Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lind, Lars" sort="Lind, Lars" uniqKey="Lind L" first="Lars" last="Lind">Lars Lind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindstrom, Jaana" sort="Lindstrom, Jaana" uniqKey="Lindstrom J" first="Jaana" last="Lindström">Jaana Lindström</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linneberg, Allan" sort="Linneberg, Allan" uniqKey="Linneberg A" first="Allan" last="Linneberg">Allan Linneberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">Department of Experimental Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yeheng" sort="Liu, Yeheng" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yeheng" last="Liu">Yeheng Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yongmei" sort="Liu, Yongmei" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yongmei" last="Liu">Yongmei Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lophatananon, Artitaya" sort="Lophatananon, Artitaya" uniqKey="Lophatananon A" first="Artitaya" last="Lophatananon">Artitaya Lophatananon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luan, Jian An" sort="Luan, Jian An" uniqKey="Luan J" first="Jian'An" last="Luan">Jian'An Luan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lubitz, Steven A" sort="Lubitz, Steven A" uniqKey="Lubitz S" first="Steven A" last="Lubitz">Steven A. Lubitz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyytik Inen, Leo Pekka" sort="Lyytik Inen, Leo Pekka" uniqKey="Lyytik Inen L" first="Leo-Pekka" last="Lyytik Inen">Leo-Pekka Lyytik Inen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mackey, David A" sort="Mackey, David A" uniqKey="Mackey D" first="David A" last="Mackey">David A. Mackey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Madden, Pamela Af" sort="Madden, Pamela Af" uniqKey="Madden P" first="Pamela Af" last="Madden">Pamela Af Madden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manning, Alisa K" sort="Manning, Alisa K" uniqKey="Manning A" first="Alisa K" last="Manning">Alisa K. Manning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Nnisto, Satu" sort="M Nnisto, Satu" uniqKey="M Nnisto S" first="Satu" last="M Nnistö">Satu M Nnistö</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marenne, Gaelle" sort="Marenne, Gaelle" uniqKey="Marenne G" first="Gaëlle" last="Marenne">Gaëlle Marenne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marten, Jonathan" sort="Marten, Jonathan" uniqKey="Marten J" first="Jonathan" last="Marten">Jonathan Marten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Nicholas G" sort="Martin, Nicholas G" uniqKey="Martin N" first="Nicholas G" last="Martin">Nicholas G. Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazul, Angela L" sort="Mazul, Angela L" uniqKey="Mazul A" first="Angela L" last="Mazul">Angela L. Mazul</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meidtner, Karina" sort="Meidtner, Karina" uniqKey="Meidtner K" first="Karina" last="Meidtner">Karina Meidtner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Paul" sort="Mitchell, Paul" uniqKey="Mitchell P" first="Paul" last="Mitchell">Paul Mitchell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208">Westmead Millennium Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Vision Research and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2022, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlke, Karen L" sort="Mohlke, Karen L" uniqKey="Mohlke K" first="Karen L" last="Mohlke">Karen L. Mohlke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" sort="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" uniqKey="Mook Kanamori D" first="Dennis O" last="Mook-Kanamori">Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morgan, Anna" sort="Morgan, Anna" uniqKey="Morgan A" first="Anna" last="Morgan">Anna Morgan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Andrew D" sort="Morris, Andrew D" uniqKey="Morris A" first="Andrew D" last="Morris">Andrew D. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Andrew P" sort="Morris, Andrew P" uniqKey="Morris A" first="Andrew P" last="Morris">Andrew P. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211">Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, 81377, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212">DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Munroe, Patricia B" sort="Munroe, Patricia B" uniqKey="Munroe P" first="Patricia B" last="Munroe">Patricia B. Munroe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nalls, Mike A" sort="Nalls, Mike A" uniqKey="Nalls M" first="Mike A" last="Nalls">Mike A. Nalls</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nauck, Matthias" sort="Nauck, Matthias" uniqKey="Nauck M" first="Matthias" last="Nauck">Matthias Nauck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214">DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A215">Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Christopher P" sort="Nelson, Christopher P" uniqKey="Nelson C" first="Christopher P" last="Nelson">Christopher P. Nelson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neville, Matt" sort="Neville, Matt" uniqKey="Neville M" first="Matt" last="Neville">Matt Neville</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Sune F" sort="Nielsen, Sune F" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Sune F" last="Nielsen">Sune F. Nielsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikus, Kjell" sort="Nikus, Kjell" uniqKey="Nikus K" first="Kjell" last="Nikus">Kjell Nikus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A216">Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nj Lstad, P L R" sort="Nj Lstad, P L R" uniqKey="Nj Lstad P" first="P L R" last="Nj Lstad">P L R. Nj Lstad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" sort="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" uniqKey="Nordestgaard B" first="B Rge G" last="Nordestgaard">B Rge G. Nordestgaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ntalla, Ioanna" sort="Ntalla, Ioanna" uniqKey="Ntalla I" first="Ioanna" last="Ntalla">Ioanna Ntalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Connel, Jeffrey R" sort="O Connel, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="O Connel J" first="Jeffrey R" last="O'Connel">Jeffrey R. O'Connel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oksa, Heikki" sort="Oksa, Heikki" uniqKey="Oksa H" first="Heikki" last="Oksa">Heikki Oksa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A218">Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loohuis, Loes M Olde" sort="Loohuis, Loes M Olde" uniqKey="Loohuis L" first="Loes M Olde" last="Loohuis">Loes M Olde Loohuis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A219">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A219">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owen, Katharine R" sort="Owen, Katharine R" uniqKey="Owen K" first="Katharine R" last="Owen">Katharine R. Owen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packard, Chris J" sort="Packard, Chris J" uniqKey="Packard C" first="Chris J" last="Packard">Chris J. Packard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Padmanabhan, Sandosh" sort="Padmanabhan, Sandosh" uniqKey="Padmanabhan S" first="Sandosh" last="Padmanabhan">Sandosh Padmanabhan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmer, Colin Na" sort="Palmer, Colin Na" uniqKey="Palmer C" first="Colin Na" last="Palmer">Colin Na Palmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A220">Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pasterkamp, Gerard" sort="Pasterkamp, Gerard" uniqKey="Pasterkamp G" first="Gerard" last="Pasterkamp">Gerard Pasterkamp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A221">Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A222">Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, Aniruddh P" sort="Patel, Aniruddh P" uniqKey="Patel A" first="Aniruddh P" last="Patel">Aniruddh P. Patel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pattie, Alison" sort="Pattie, Alison" uniqKey="Pattie A" first="Alison" last="Pattie">Alison Pattie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, Oluf" sort="Pedersen, Oluf" uniqKey="Pedersen O" first="Oluf" last="Pedersen">Oluf Pedersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peissig, Peggy L" sort="Peissig, Peggy L" uniqKey="Peissig P" first="Peggy L" last="Peissig">Peggy L. Peissig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peloso, Gina M" sort="Peloso, Gina M" uniqKey="Peloso G" first="Gina M" last="Peloso">Gina M. Peloso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pennell, Craig E" sort="Pennell, Craig E" uniqKey="Pennell C" first="Craig E" last="Pennell">Craig E. Pennell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A223">School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perola, Markus" sort="Perola, Markus" uniqKey="Perola M" first="Markus" last="Perola">Markus Perola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A224">University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Helsinki, FI00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A225">University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, James A" sort="Perry, James A" uniqKey="Perry J" first="James A" last="Perry">James A. Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, John R B" sort="Perry, John R B" uniqKey="Perry J" first="John R. B." last="Perry">John R. B. Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Person, Thomas N" sort="Person, Thomas N" uniqKey="Person T" first="Thomas N" last="Person">Thomas N. Person</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirie, Ailith" sort="Pirie, Ailith" uniqKey="Pirie A" first="Ailith" last="Pirie">Ailith Pirie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Polasek, Ozren" sort="Polasek, Ozren" uniqKey="Polasek O" first="Ozren" last="Polasek">Ozren Polasek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A226">School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A227">Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department Complex Trait Genetics, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A228">Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Department Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raitakari, Olli T" sort="Raitakari, Olli T" uniqKey="Raitakari O" first="Olli T" last="Raitakari">Olli T. Raitakari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A229">Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A230">Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rasheed, Asif" sort="Rasheed, Asif" uniqKey="Rasheed A" first="Asif" last="Rasheed">Asif Rasheed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A231">Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rauramaa, Rainer" sort="Rauramaa, Rainer" uniqKey="Rauramaa R" first="Rainer" last="Rauramaa">Rainer Rauramaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A232">Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reilly, Dermot F" sort="Reilly, Dermot F" uniqKey="Reilly D" first="Dermot F" last="Reilly">Dermot F. Reilly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A233">MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reiner, Alex P" sort="Reiner, Alex P" uniqKey="Reiner A" first="Alex P" last="Reiner">Alex P. Reiner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A234">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renstrom, Frida" sort="Renstrom, Frida" uniqKey="Renstrom F" first="Frida" last="Renström">Frida Renström</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A235">Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ridker, Paul M" sort="Ridker, Paul M" uniqKey="Ridker P" first="Paul M" last="Ridker">Paul M. Ridker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A236">Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rioux, John D" sort="Rioux, John D" uniqKey="Rioux J" first="John D" last="Rioux">John D. Rioux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Neil" sort="Robertson, Neil" uniqKey="Robertson N" first="Neil" last="Robertson">Neil Robertson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robino, Antonietta" sort="Robino, Antonietta" uniqKey="Robino A" first="Antonietta" last="Robino">Antonietta Robino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rolandsson, Olov" sort="Rolandsson, Olov" uniqKey="Rolandsson O" first="Olov" last="Rolandsson">Olov Rolandsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A238">Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rudan, Igor" sort="Rudan, Igor" uniqKey="Rudan I" first="Igor" last="Rudan">Igor Rudan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruth, Katherine S" sort="Ruth, Katherine S" uniqKey="Ruth K" first="Katherine S" last="Ruth">Katherine S. Ruth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saleheen, Danish" sort="Saleheen, Danish" uniqKey="Saleheen D" first="Danish" last="Saleheen">Danish Saleheen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A231">Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A239">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samani, Nilesh J" sort="Samani, Nilesh J" uniqKey="Samani N" first="Nilesh J" last="Samani">Nilesh J. Samani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandow, Kevin" sort="Sandow, Kevin" uniqKey="Sandow K" first="Kevin" last="Sandow">Kevin Sandow</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sapkota, Yadav" sort="Sapkota, Yadav" uniqKey="Sapkota Y" first="Yadav" last="Sapkota">Yadav Sapkota</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sattar, Naveed" sort="Sattar, Naveed" uniqKey="Sattar N" first="Naveed" last="Sattar">Naveed Sattar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Marjanka K" sort="Schmidt, Marjanka K" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="Marjanka K" last="Schmidt">Marjanka K. Schmidt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schreiner, Pamela J" sort="Schreiner, Pamela J" uniqKey="Schreiner P" first="Pamela J" last="Schreiner">Pamela J. Schreiner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A240">Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze, Matthias B" sort="Schulze, Matthias B" uniqKey="Schulze M" first="Matthias B" last="Schulze">Matthias B. Schulze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Robert A" sort="Scott, Robert A" uniqKey="Scott R" first="Robert A" last="Scott">Robert A. Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Segura Lepe, Marcelo P" sort="Segura Lepe, Marcelo P" uniqKey="Segura Lepe M" first="Marcelo P" last="Segura-Lepe">Marcelo P. Segura-Lepe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, Svati" sort="Shah, Svati" uniqKey="Shah S" first="Svati" last="Shah">Svati Shah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A241">Duke University, Durham, NC, 27703, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sim, Xueling" sort="Sim, Xueling" uniqKey="Sim X" first="Xueling" last="Sim">Xueling Sim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A242">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh" sort="Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh" uniqKey="Sivapalaratnam S" first="Suthesh" last="Sivapalaratnam">Suthesh Sivapalaratnam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A243">Departement of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OPT, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A244">Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Small, Kerrin S" sort="Small, Kerrin S" uniqKey="Small K" first="Kerrin S" last="Small">Kerrin S. Small</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A245">Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kingís College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Albert Vernon" sort="Smith, Albert Vernon" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Albert Vernon" last="Smith">Albert Vernon Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Jennifer A" sort="Smith, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Smith J" first="Jennifer A" last="Smith">Jennifer A. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Southam, Lorraine" sort="Southam, Lorraine" uniqKey="Southam L" first="Lorraine" last="Southam">Lorraine Southam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spector, Timothy D" sort="Spector, Timothy D" uniqKey="Spector T" first="Timothy D" last="Spector">Timothy D. Spector</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A245">Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kingís College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Speliotes, Elizabeth K" sort="Speliotes, Elizabeth K" uniqKey="Speliotes E" first="Elizabeth K" last="Speliotes">Elizabeth K. Speliotes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, John M" sort="Starr, John M" uniqKey="Starr J" first="John M" last="Starr">John M. Starr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A246">Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur" sort="Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur" uniqKey="Steinthorsdottir V" first="Valgerdur" last="Steinthorsdottir">Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stringham, Heather M" sort="Stringham, Heather M" uniqKey="Stringham H" first="Heather M" last="Stringham">Heather M. Stringham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stumvoll, Michael" sort="Stumvoll, Michael" uniqKey="Stumvoll M" first="Michael" last="Stumvoll">Michael Stumvoll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Surendran, Praveen" sort="Surendran, Praveen" uniqKey="Surendran P" first="Praveen" last="Surendran">Praveen Surendran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hart, Leen M" sort="Hart, Leen M" uniqKey="Hart L" first="Leen M" last="Hart">Leen M Hart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A247">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A248">Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A249">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tansey, Katherine E" sort="Tansey, Katherine E" uniqKey="Tansey K" first="Katherine E" last="Tansey">Katherine E. Tansey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A250">College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4EP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A251">MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tardif, Jean Claude" sort="Tardif, Jean Claude" uniqKey="Tardif J" first="Jean-Claude" last="Tardif">Jean-Claude Tardif</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Kent D" sort="Taylor, Kent D" uniqKey="Taylor K" first="Kent D" last="Taylor">Kent D. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Teumer, Alexander" sort="Teumer, Alexander" uniqKey="Teumer A" first="Alexander" last="Teumer">Alexander Teumer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A252">Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Deborah J" sort="Thompson, Deborah J" uniqKey="Thompson D" first="Deborah J" last="Thompson">Deborah J. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur" sort="Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur" uniqKey="Thorsteinsdottir U" first="Unnur" last="Thorsteinsdottir">Unnur Thorsteinsdottir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thuesen, Betina H" sort="Thuesen, Betina H" uniqKey="Thuesen B" first="Betina H" last="Thuesen">Betina H. Thuesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tonjes, Anke" sort="Tonjes, Anke" uniqKey="Tonjes A" first="Anke" last="Tönjes">Anke Tönjes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A253">Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tromp, Gerard" sort="Tromp, Gerard" uniqKey="Tromp G" first="Gerard" last="Tromp">Gerard Tromp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A254">Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trompet, Stella" sort="Trompet, Stella" uniqKey="Trompet S" first="Stella" last="Trompet">Stella Trompet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A255">Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsafantakis, Emmanouil" sort="Tsafantakis, Emmanouil" uniqKey="Tsafantakis E" first="Emmanouil" last="Tsafantakis">Emmanouil Tsafantakis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A256">Anogia Medical Centre, Anogia, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" sort="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" uniqKey="Tuomilehto J" first="Jaakko" last="Tuomilehto">Jaakko Tuomilehto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A257">Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A258">Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A259">Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tybjaerg Hansen, Anne" sort="Tybjaerg Hansen, Anne" uniqKey="Tybjaerg Hansen A" first="Anne" last="Tybjaerg-Hansen">Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyrer, Jonathan P" sort="Tyrer, Jonathan P" uniqKey="Tyrer J" first="Jonathan P" last="Tyrer">Jonathan P. Tyrer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uher, Rudolf" sort="Uher, Rudolf" uniqKey="Uher R" first="Rudolf" last="Uher">Rudolf Uher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A260">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G" last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ulivi, Sheila" sort="Ulivi, Sheila" uniqKey="Ulivi S" first="Sheila" last="Ulivi">Sheila Ulivi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Laan, Sander W" sort="Van Der Laan, Sander W" uniqKey="Van Der Laan S" first="Sander W" last="Van Der Laan">Sander W. Van Der Laan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A222">Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Leij, Andries R" sort="Van Der Leij, Andries R" uniqKey="Van Der Leij A" first="Andries R" last="Van Der Leij">Andries R. Van Der Leij</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A261">University of Amsterdam, Department of Brain & Cognition, Amsterdam, 1018 WS, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Schoor, Natasja M" sort="Van Schoor, Natasja M" uniqKey="Van Schoor N" first="Natasja M" last="Van Schoor">Natasja M. Van Schoor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A247">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Setten, Jessica" sort="Van Setten, Jessica" uniqKey="Van Setten J" first="Jessica" last="Van Setten">Jessica Van Setten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varbo, Anette" sort="Varbo, Anette" uniqKey="Varbo A" first="Anette" last="Varbo">Anette Varbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varga, Tibor V" sort="Varga, Tibor V" uniqKey="Varga T" first="Tibor V" last="Varga">Tibor V. Varga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varma, Rohit" sort="Varma, Rohit" uniqKey="Varma R" first="Rohit" last="Varma">Rohit Varma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Digna R Velez" sort="Edwards, Digna R Velez" uniqKey="Edwards D" first="Digna R Velez" last="Edwards">Digna R Velez Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A262">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vermeulen, Sita H" sort="Vermeulen, Sita H" uniqKey="Vermeulen S" first="Sita H" last="Vermeulen">Sita H. Vermeulen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vestergaard, Henrik" sort="Vestergaard, Henrik" uniqKey="Vestergaard H" first="Henrik" last="Vestergaard">Henrik Vestergaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vitart, Veronique" sort="Vitart, Veronique" uniqKey="Vitart V" first="Veronique" last="Vitart">Veronique Vitart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vogt, Thomas F" sort="Vogt, Thomas F" uniqKey="Vogt T" first="Thomas F" last="Vogt">Thomas F. Vogt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A263">MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Cardiometabolic Disease, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vozzi, Diego" sort="Vozzi, Diego" uniqKey="Vozzi D" first="Diego" last="Vozzi">Diego Vozzi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Mark" sort="Walker, Mark" uniqKey="Walker M" first="Mark" last="Walker">Mark Walker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A264">Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Feijie" sort="Wang, Feijie" uniqKey="Wang F" first="Feijie" last="Wang">Feijie Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Carol A" sort="Wang, Carol A" uniqKey="Wang C" first="Carol A" last="Wang">Carol A. Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A223">School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Shuai" sort="Wang, Shuai" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Shuai" last="Wang">Shuai Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A265">Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yiqin" sort="Wang, Yiqin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yiqin" last="Wang">Yiqin Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wareham, Nicholas J" sort="Wareham, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Wareham N" first="Nicholas J" last="Wareham">Nicholas J. Wareham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warren, Helen R" sort="Warren, Helen R" uniqKey="Warren H" first="Helen R" last="Warren">Helen R. Warren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wessel, Jennifer" sort="Wessel, Jennifer" uniqKey="Wessel J" first="Jennifer" last="Wessel">Jennifer Wessel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A266">Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, 46202, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willems, Sara M" sort="Willems, Sara M" uniqKey="Willems S" first="Sara M" last="Willems">Sara M. Willems</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, James G" sort="Wilson, James G" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James G" last="Wilson">James G. Wilson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A267">Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Witte, Daniel R" sort="Witte, Daniel R" uniqKey="Witte D" first="Daniel R" last="Witte">Daniel R. Witte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A268">Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, 5000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A269">Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, Michael O" sort="Woods, Michael O" uniqKey="Woods M" first="Michael O" last="Woods">Michael O. Woods</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A270">Memorial University, Faculty of Medicine, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Ying" sort="Wu, Ying" uniqKey="Wu Y" first="Ying" last="Wu">Ying Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaghootkar, Hanieh" sort="Yaghootkar, Hanieh" uniqKey="Yaghootkar H" first="Hanieh" last="Yaghootkar">Hanieh Yaghootkar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Jie" sort="Yao, Jie" uniqKey="Yao J" first="Jie" last="Yao">Jie Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Pang" sort="Yao, Pang" uniqKey="Yao P" first="Pang" last="Yao">Pang Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yerges Armstrong, Laura M" sort="Yerges Armstrong, Laura M" uniqKey="Yerges Armstrong L" first="Laura M" last="Yerges-Armstrong">Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A271">GlaxoSmithKlein, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Robin" sort="Young, Robin" uniqKey="Young R" first="Robin" last="Young">Robin Young</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeggini, Eleftheria" sort="Zeggini, Eleftheria" uniqKey="Zeggini E" first="Eleftheria" last="Zeggini">Eleftheria Zeggini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhan, Xiaowei" sort="Zhan, Xiaowei" uniqKey="Zhan X" first="Xiaowei" last="Zhan">Xiaowei Zhan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A272">Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Weihua" sort="Zhang, Weihua" uniqKey="Zhang W" first="Weihua" last="Zhang">Weihua Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Jing Hua" sort="Zhao, Jing Hua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jing Hua" last="Zhao">Jing Hua Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A239">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, He" sort="Zheng, He" uniqKey="Zheng H" first="He" last="Zheng">He Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Wei" sort="Zhou, Wei" uniqKey="Zhou W" first="Wei" last="Zhou">Wei Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rotter, Jerome I" sort="Rotter, Jerome I" uniqKey="Rotter J" first="Jerome I" last="Rotter">Jerome I. Rotter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boehnke, Michael" sort="Boehnke, Michael" uniqKey="Boehnke M" first="Michael" last="Boehnke">Michael Boehnke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kathiresan, Sekar" sort="Kathiresan, Sekar" uniqKey="Kathiresan S" first="Sekar" last="Kathiresan">Sekar Kathiresan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willer, Cristen J" sort="Willer, Cristen J" uniqKey="Willer C" first="Cristen J" last="Willer">Cristen J. Willer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A273">Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Kari" sort="Stefansson, Kari" uniqKey="Stefansson K" first="Kari" last="Stefansson">Kari Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borecki, Ingrid B" sort="Borecki, Ingrid B" uniqKey="Borecki I" first="Ingrid B" last="Borecki">Ingrid B. Borecki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Dajiang J" sort="Liu, Dajiang J" uniqKey="Liu D" first="Dajiang J" last="Liu">Dajiang J. Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A274">Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="North, Kari E" sort="North, Kari E" uniqKey="North K" first="Kari E" last="North">Kari E. North</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A275">Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heard Costa, Nancy L" sort="Heard Costa, Nancy L" uniqKey="Heard Costa N" first="Nancy L" last="Heard-Costa">Nancy L. Heard-Costa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A276">Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pers, Tune H" sort="Pers, Tune H" uniqKey="Pers T" first="Tune H" last="Pers">Tune H. Pers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A277">Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M" last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A278">Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oxvig, Claus" sort="Oxvig, Claus" uniqKey="Oxvig C" first="Claus" last="Oxvig">Claus Oxvig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kutalik, Zoltan" sort="Kutalik, Zoltan" uniqKey="Kutalik Z" first="Zoltán" last="Kutalik">Zoltán Kutalik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rivadeneira, Fernando" sort="Rivadeneira, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeneira F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeneira">Fernando Rivadeneira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loos, Ruth Jf" sort="Loos, Ruth Jf" uniqKey="Loos R" first="Ruth Jf" last="Loos">Ruth Jf Loos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A279">The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frayling, Timothy M" sort="Frayling, Timothy M" uniqKey="Frayling T" first="Timothy M" last="Frayling">Timothy M. Frayling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A280">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A281">Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lettre, Guillaume" sort="Lettre, Guillaume" uniqKey="Lettre G" first="Guillaume" last="Lettre">Guillaume Lettre</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">28146470</idno><idno type="pmc">5302847</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5302847</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5302847</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/nature21039</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002D78</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002D78</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height</title><author><name sortKey="Marouli, Eirini" sort="Marouli, Eirini" uniqKey="Marouli E" first="Eirini" last="Marouli">Eirini Marouli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graff, Mariaelisa" sort="Graff, Mariaelisa" uniqKey="Graff M" first="Mariaelisa" last="Graff">Mariaelisa Graff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Medina Gomez, Carolina" sort="Medina Gomez, Carolina" uniqKey="Medina Gomez C" first="Carolina" last="Medina-Gomez">Carolina Medina-Gomez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lo, Ken Sin" sort="Lo, Ken Sin" uniqKey="Lo K" first="Ken Sin" last="Lo">Ken Sin Lo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Andrew R" sort="Wood, Andrew R" uniqKey="Wood A" first="Andrew R" last="Wood">Andrew R. Wood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kjaer, Troels R" sort="Kjaer, Troels R" uniqKey="Kjaer T" first="Troels R" last="Kjaer">Troels R. Kjaer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, Rebecca S" sort="Fine, Rebecca S" uniqKey="Fine R" first="Rebecca S" last="Fine">Rebecca S. Fine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Yingchang" sort="Lu, Yingchang" uniqKey="Lu Y" first="Yingchang" last="Lu">Yingchang Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schurmann, Claudia" sort="Schurmann, Claudia" uniqKey="Schurmann C" first="Claudia" last="Schurmann">Claudia Schurmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Highland, Heather M" sort="Highland, Heather M" uniqKey="Highland H" first="Heather M" last="Highland">Heather M. Highland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rueger, Sina" sort="Rueger, Sina" uniqKey="Rueger S" first="Sina" last="Rüeger">Sina Rüeger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorleifsson, Gudmar" sort="Thorleifsson, Gudmar" uniqKey="Thorleifsson G" first="Gudmar" last="Thorleifsson">Gudmar Thorleifsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Justice, Anne E" sort="Justice, Anne E" uniqKey="Justice A" first="Anne E" last="Justice">Anne E. Justice</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamparter, David" sort="Lamparter, David" uniqKey="Lamparter D" first="David" last="Lamparter">David Lamparter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stirrups, Kathleen E" sort="Stirrups, Kathleen E" uniqKey="Stirrups K" first="Kathleen E" last="Stirrups">Kathleen E. Stirrups</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turcot, Valerie" sort="Turcot, Valerie" uniqKey="Turcot V" first="Valérie" last="Turcot">Valérie Turcot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Kristin L" sort="Young, Kristin L" uniqKey="Young K" first="Kristin L" last="Young">Kristin L. Young</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winkler, Thomas W" sort="Winkler, Thomas W" uniqKey="Winkler T" first="Thomas W" last="Winkler">Thomas W. Winkler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karaderi, Tugce" sort="Karaderi, Tugce" uniqKey="Karaderi T" first="Tugce" last="Karaderi">Tugce Karaderi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Locke, Adam E" sort="Locke, Adam E" uniqKey="Locke A" first="Adam E" last="Locke">Adam E. Locke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masca, Nicholas Gd" sort="Masca, Nicholas Gd" uniqKey="Masca N" first="Nicholas Gd" last="Masca">Nicholas Gd Masca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Maggie Cy" sort="Ng, Maggie Cy" uniqKey="Ng M" first="Maggie Cy" last="Ng">Maggie Cy Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mudgal, Poorva" sort="Mudgal, Poorva" uniqKey="Mudgal P" first="Poorva" last="Mudgal">Poorva Mudgal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rivas, Manuel A" sort="Rivas, Manuel A" uniqKey="Rivas M" first="Manuel A" last="Rivas">Manuel A. Rivas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford, OX37BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vedantam, Sailaja" sort="Vedantam, Sailaja" uniqKey="Vedantam S" first="Sailaja" last="Vedantam">Sailaja Vedantam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahajan, Anubha" sort="Mahajan, Anubha" uniqKey="Mahajan A" first="Anubha" last="Mahajan">Anubha Mahajan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, Xiuqing" sort="Guo, Xiuqing" uniqKey="Guo X" first="Xiuqing" last="Guo">Xiuqing Guo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abecasis, Goncalo" sort="Abecasis, Goncalo" uniqKey="Abecasis G" first="Goncalo" last="Abecasis">Goncalo Abecasis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aben, Katja K" sort="Aben, Katja K" uniqKey="Aben K" first="Katja K" last="Aben">Katja K. Aben</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, 3501 DB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adair, Linda S" sort="Adair, Linda S" uniqKey="Adair L" first="Linda S" last="Adair">Linda S. Adair</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alam, Dewan S" sort="Alam, Dewan S" uniqKey="Alam D" first="Dewan S" last="Alam">Dewan S. Alam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albrecht, Eva" sort="Albrecht, Eva" uniqKey="Albrecht E" first="Eva" last="Albrecht">Eva Albrecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allin, Kristine H" sort="Allin, Kristine H" uniqKey="Allin K" first="Kristine H" last="Allin">Kristine H. Allin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allison, Matthew" sort="Allison, Matthew" uniqKey="Allison M" first="Matthew" last="Allison">Matthew Allison</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amouyel, Philippe" sort="Amouyel, Philippe" uniqKey="Amouyel P" first="Philippe" last="Amouyel">Philippe Amouyel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">INSERM U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Universite de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, F-59019, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appel, Emil V" sort="Appel, Emil V" uniqKey="Appel E" first="Emil V" last="Appel">Emil V. Appel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arveiler, Dominique" sort="Arveiler, Dominique" uniqKey="Arveiler D" first="Dominique" last="Arveiler">Dominique Arveiler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67085, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67081, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Asselbergs, Folkert W" sort="Asselbergs, Folkert W" uniqKey="Asselbergs F" first="Folkert W" last="Asselbergs">Folkert W. Asselbergs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auer, Paul L" sort="Auer, Paul L" uniqKey="Auer P" first="Paul L" last="Auer">Paul L. Auer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Épidemiologie et Sante des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Banas, Bernhard" sort="Banas, Bernhard" uniqKey="Banas B" first="Bernhard" last="Banas">Bernhard Banas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bang, Lia E" sort="Bang, Lia E" uniqKey="Bang L" first="Lia E" last="Bang">Lia E. Bang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benn, Marianne" sort="Benn, Marianne" uniqKey="Benn M" first="Marianne" last="Benn">Marianne Benn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergmann, Sven" sort="Bergmann, Sven" uniqKey="Bergmann S" first="Sven" last="Bergmann">Sven Bergmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bielak, Lawrence F" sort="Bielak, Lawrence F" uniqKey="Bielak L" first="Lawrence F" last="Bielak">Lawrence F. Bielak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bluher, Matthias" sort="Bluher, Matthias" uniqKey="Bluher M" first="Matthias" last="Blüher">Matthias Blüher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boeing, Heiner" sort="Boeing, Heiner" uniqKey="Boeing H" first="Heiner" last="Boeing">Heiner Boeing</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boerwinkle, Eric" sort="Boerwinkle, Eric" uniqKey="Boerwinkle E" first="Eric" last="Boerwinkle">Eric Boerwinkle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boger, Carsten A" sort="Boger, Carsten A" uniqKey="Boger C" first="Carsten A" last="Böger">Carsten A. Böger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonnycastle, Lori L" sort="Bonnycastle, Lori L" uniqKey="Bonnycastle L" first="Lori L" last="Bonnycastle">Lori L. Bonnycastle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bork Jensen, Jette" sort="Bork Jensen, Jette" uniqKey="Bork Jensen J" first="Jette" last="Bork-Jensen">Jette Bork-Jensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bots, Michiel L" sort="Bots, Michiel L" uniqKey="Bots M" first="Michiel L" last="Bots">Michiel L. Bots</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bottinger, Erwin P" sort="Bottinger, Erwin P" uniqKey="Bottinger E" first="Erwin P" last="Bottinger">Erwin P. Bottinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bowden, Donald W" sort="Bowden, Donald W" uniqKey="Bowden D" first="Donald W" last="Bowden">Donald W. Bowden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brandslund, Ivan" sort="Brandslund, Ivan" uniqKey="Brandslund I" first="Ivan" last="Brandslund">Ivan Brandslund</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Breen, Gerome" sort="Breen, Gerome" uniqKey="Breen G" first="Gerome" last="Breen">Gerome Breen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kingís College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Maudsley, London, SE5 8AF, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brilliant, Murray H" sort="Brilliant, Murray H" uniqKey="Brilliant M" first="Murray H" last="Brilliant">Murray H. Brilliant</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Broer, Linda" sort="Broer, Linda" uniqKey="Broer L" first="Linda" last="Broer">Linda Broer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burt, Amber A" sort="Burt, Amber A" uniqKey="Burt A" first="Amber A" last="Burt">Amber A. Burt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Butterworth, Adam S" sort="Butterworth, Adam S" uniqKey="Butterworth A" first="Adam S" last="Butterworth">Adam S. Butterworth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carey, David J" sort="Carey, David J" uniqKey="Carey D" first="David J" last="Carey">David J. Carey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caulfield, Mark J" sort="Caulfield, Mark J" uniqKey="Caulfield M" first="Mark J" last="Caulfield">Mark J. Caulfield</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambers, John C" sort="Chambers, John C" uniqKey="Chambers J" first="John C" last="Chambers">John C. Chambers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chasman, Daniel I" sort="Chasman, Daniel I" uniqKey="Chasman D" first="Daniel I" last="Chasman">Daniel I. Chasman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yii Der Ida" sort="Chen, Yii Der Ida" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yii-Der Ida" last="Chen">Yii-Der Ida Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Rajiv" sort="Chowdhury, Rajiv" uniqKey="Chowdhury R" first="Rajiv" last="Chowdhury">Rajiv Chowdhury</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Cramer" sort="Christensen, Cramer" uniqKey="Christensen C" first="Cramer" last="Christensen">Cramer Christensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Medical department, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Audrey Y" sort="Chu, Audrey Y" uniqKey="Chu A" first="Audrey Y" last="Chu">Audrey Y. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cocca, Massimiliano" sort="Cocca, Massimiliano" uniqKey="Cocca M" first="Massimiliano" last="Cocca">Massimiliano Cocca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collins, Francis S" sort="Collins, Francis S" uniqKey="Collins F" first="Francis S" last="Collins">Francis S. Collins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, James P" sort="Cook, James P" uniqKey="Cook J" first="James P" last="Cook">James P. Cook</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corley, Janie" sort="Corley, Janie" uniqKey="Corley J" first="Janie" last="Corley">Janie Corley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galbany, Jordi Corominas" sort="Galbany, Jordi Corominas" uniqKey="Galbany J" first="Jordi Corominas" last="Galbany">Jordi Corominas Galbany</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Amanda J" sort="Cox, Amanda J" uniqKey="Cox A" first="Amanda J" last="Cox">Amanda J. Cox</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cuellar Partida, Gabriel" sort="Cuellar Partida, Gabriel" uniqKey="Cuellar Partida G" first="Gabriel" last="Cuellar-Partida">Gabriel Cuellar-Partida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Diamantina Institute, University of Qeensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Danesh, John" sort="Danesh, John" uniqKey="Danesh J" first="John" last="Danesh">John Danesh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">British Heart Foundation, Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, Gail" sort="Davies, Gail" uniqKey="Davies G" first="Gail" last="Davies">Gail Davies</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Bakker, Paul Iw" sort="De Bakker, Paul Iw" uniqKey="De Bakker P" first="Paul Iw" last="De Bakker">Paul Iw De Bakker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Borst, Gert J" sort="De Borst, Gert J" uniqKey="De Borst G" first="Gert J." last="De Borst">Gert J. De Borst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Denus, Simon" sort="De Denus, Simon" uniqKey="De Denus S" first="Simon" last="De Denus">Simon De Denus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Groot, Mark Ch" sort="De Groot, Mark Ch" uniqKey="De Groot M" first="Mark Ch" last="De Groot">Mark Ch De Groot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Division of Laboratory and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508 GA, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dvision Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Mutsert, Renee" sort="De Mutsert, Renee" uniqKey="De Mutsert R" first="Renée" last="De Mutsert">Renée De Mutsert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J" last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dedoussis, George" sort="Dedoussis, George" uniqKey="Dedoussis G" first="George" last="Dedoussis">George Dedoussis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demerath, Ellen W" sort="Demerath, Ellen W" uniqKey="Demerath E" first="Ellen W" last="Demerath">Ellen W. Demerath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Den Hollander, Anneke I" sort="Den Hollander, Anneke I" uniqKey="Den Hollander A" first="Anneke I" last="Den Hollander">Anneke I. Den Hollander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Joe G" sort="Dennis, Joe G" uniqKey="Dennis J" first="Joe G" last="Dennis">Joe G. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Angelantonio, Emanuele" sort="Di Angelantonio, Emanuele" uniqKey="Di Angelantonio E" first="Emanuele" last="Di Angelantonio">Emanuele Di Angelantonio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drenos, Fotios" sort="Drenos, Fotios" uniqKey="Drenos F" first="Fotios" last="Drenos">Fotios Drenos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristo, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Mengmeng" sort="Du, Mengmeng" uniqKey="Du M" first="Mengmeng" last="Du">Mengmeng Du</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, 10017, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunning, Alison M" sort="Dunning, Alison M" uniqKey="Dunning A" first="Alison M" last="Dunning">Alison M. Dunning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Easton, Douglas F" sort="Easton, Douglas F" uniqKey="Easton D" first="Douglas F" last="Easton">Douglas F. Easton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ebeling, Tapani" sort="Ebeling, Tapani" uniqKey="Ebeling T" first="Tapani" last="Ebeling">Tapani Ebeling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90029, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Todd L" sort="Edwards, Todd L" uniqKey="Edwards T" first="Todd L" last="Edwards">Todd L. Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ellinor, Patrick T" sort="Ellinor, Patrick T" uniqKey="Ellinor P" first="Patrick T" last="Ellinor">Patrick T. Ellinor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evangelou, Evangelos" sort="Evangelou, Evangelos" uniqKey="Evangelou E" first="Evangelos" last="Evangelou">Evangelos Evangelou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farmaki, Aliki Eleni" sort="Farmaki, Aliki Eleni" uniqKey="Farmaki A" first="Aliki-Eleni" last="Farmaki">Aliki-Eleni Farmaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faul, Jessica D" sort="Faul, Jessica D" uniqKey="Faul J" first="Jessica D" last="Faul">Jessica D. Faul</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feitosa, Mary F" sort="Feitosa, Mary F" uniqKey="Feitosa M" first="Mary F" last="Feitosa">Mary F. Feitosa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Shuang" sort="Feng, Shuang" uniqKey="Feng S" first="Shuang" last="Feng">Shuang Feng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrannini, Ele" sort="Ferrannini, Ele" uniqKey="Ferrannini E" first="Ele" last="Ferrannini">Ele Ferrannini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrario, Marco M" sort="Ferrario, Marco M" uniqKey="Ferrario M" first="Marco M" last="Ferrario">Marco M. Ferrario</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrieres, Jean" sort="Ferrieres, Jean" uniqKey="Ferrieres J" first="Jean" last="Ferrieres">Jean Ferrieres</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, TSA 50032 31059, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florez, Jose C" sort="Florez, Jose C" uniqKey="Florez J" first="Jose C" last="Florez">Jose C. Florez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ford, Ian" sort="Ford, Ian" uniqKey="Ford I" first="Ian" last="Ford">Ian Ford</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fornage, Myriam" sort="Fornage, Myriam" uniqKey="Fornage M" first="Myriam" last="Fornage">Myriam Fornage</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franks, Paul W" sort="Franks, Paul W" uniqKey="Franks P" first="Paul W" last="Franks">Paul W. Franks</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frikke Schmidt, Ruth" sort="Frikke Schmidt, Ruth" uniqKey="Frikke Schmidt R" first="Ruth" last="Frikke-Schmidt">Ruth Frikke-Schmidt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galesloot, Tessel E" sort="Galesloot, Tessel E" uniqKey="Galesloot T" first="Tessel E" last="Galesloot">Tessel E. Galesloot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gan, Wei" sort="Gan, Wei" uniqKey="Gan W" first="Wei" last="Gan">Wei Gan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gandin, Ilaria" sort="Gandin, Ilaria" uniqKey="Gandin I" first="Ilaria" last="Gandin">Ilaria Gandin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasparini, Paolo" sort="Gasparini, Paolo" uniqKey="Gasparini P" first="Paolo" last="Gasparini">Paolo Gasparini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" sort="Giedraitis, Vilmantas" uniqKey="Giedraitis V" first="Vilmantas" last="Giedraitis">Vilmantas Giedraitis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Geriatrics, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giri, Ayush" sort="Giri, Ayush" uniqKey="Giri A" first="Ayush" last="Giri">Ayush Giri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Girotto, Giorgia" sort="Girotto, Giorgia" uniqKey="Girotto G" first="Giorgia" last="Girotto">Giorgia Girotto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Scott D" sort="Gordon, Scott D" uniqKey="Gordon S" first="Scott D" last="Gordon">Scott D. Gordon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon Larsen, Penny" sort="Gordon Larsen, Penny" uniqKey="Gordon Larsen P" first="Penny" last="Gordon-Larsen">Penny Gordon-Larsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127">Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorski, Mathias" sort="Gorski, Mathias" uniqKey="Gorski M" first="Mathias" last="Gorski">Mathias Gorski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grarup, Niels" sort="Grarup, Niels" uniqKey="Grarup N" first="Niels" last="Grarup">Niels Grarup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grove, Megan L" sort="Grove, Megan L" uniqKey="Grove M" first="Megan L." last="Grove">Megan L. Grove</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gudnason, Vilmundur" sort="Gudnason, Vilmundur" uniqKey="Gudnason V" first="Vilmundur" last="Gudnason">Vilmundur Gudnason</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gustafsson, Stefan" sort="Gustafsson, Stefan" uniqKey="Gustafsson S" first="Stefan" last="Gustafsson">Stefan Gustafsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Torben" sort="Hansen, Torben" uniqKey="Hansen T" first="Torben" last="Hansen">Torben Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, Kathleen Mullan" sort="Harris, Kathleen Mullan" uniqKey="Harris K" first="Kathleen Mullan" last="Harris">Kathleen Mullan Harris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131">Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, Tamara B" sort="Harris, Tamara B" uniqKey="Harris T" first="Tamara B" last="Harris">Tamara B. Harris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132">Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hattersley, Andrew T" sort="Hattersley, Andrew T" uniqKey="Hattersley A" first="Andrew T" last="Hattersley">Andrew T. Hattersley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133">University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayward, Caroline" sort="Hayward, Caroline" uniqKey="Hayward C" first="Caroline" last="Hayward">Caroline Hayward</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Liang" sort="He, Liang" uniqKey="He L" first="Liang" last="He">Liang He</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heid, Iris M" sort="Heid, Iris M" uniqKey="Heid I" first="Iris M" last="Heid">Iris M. Heid</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkil, Kauko" sort="Heikkil, Kauko" uniqKey="Heikkil K" first="Kauko" last="Heikkil">Kauko Heikkil</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helgeland, Yvind" sort="Helgeland, Yvind" uniqKey="Helgeland " first=" Yvind" last="Helgeland"> Yvind Helgeland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hernesniemi, Jussi" sort="Hernesniemi, Jussi" uniqKey="Hernesniemi J" first="Jussi" last="Hernesniemi">Jussi Hernesniemi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hewitt, Alex W" sort="Hewitt, Alex W" uniqKey="Hewitt A" first="Alex W" last="Hewitt">Alex W. Hewitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hocking, Lynne J" sort="Hocking, Lynne J" uniqKey="Hocking L" first="Lynne J" last="Hocking">Lynne J. Hocking</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146">Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147">Musculoskeletal Research Programme, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollensted, Mette" sort="Hollensted, Mette" uniqKey="Hollensted M" first="Mette" last="Hollensted">Mette Hollensted</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmen, Oddgeir L" sort="Holmen, Oddgeir L" uniqKey="Holmen O" first="Oddgeir L" last="Holmen">Oddgeir L. Holmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148">K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7600, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hovingh, G Kees" sort="Hovingh, G Kees" uniqKey="Hovingh G" first="G. Kees" last="Hovingh">G. Kees Hovingh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">AMC, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Howson, Joanna Mm" sort="Howson, Joanna Mm" uniqKey="Howson J" first="Joanna Mm" last="Howson">Joanna Mm Howson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoyng, Carel B" sort="Hoyng, Carel B" uniqKey="Hoyng C" first="Carel B" last="Hoyng">Carel B. Hoyng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Paul L" sort="Huang, Paul L" uniqKey="Huang P" first="Paul L" last="Huang">Paul L. Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hveem, Kristian" sort="Hveem, Kristian" uniqKey="Hveem K" first="Kristian" last="Hveem">Kristian Hveem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150">HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M. Arfan" last="Ikram">M. Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151">Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingelsson, Erik" sort="Ingelsson, Erik" uniqKey="Ingelsson E" first="Erik" last="Ingelsson">Erik Ingelsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153">Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 943 05, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, Anne U" sort="Jackson, Anne U" uniqKey="Jackson A" first="Anne U" last="Jackson">Anne U. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jansson, Jan H Kan" sort="Jansson, Jan H Kan" uniqKey="Jansson J" first="Jan-H Kan" last="Jansson">Jan-H Kan Jansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155">Research Unit Skellefteå, Skellefteå, SE-93141, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarvik, Gail P" sort="Jarvik, Gail P" uniqKey="Jarvik G" first="Gail P" last="Jarvik">Gail P. Jarvik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156">Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, Gorm B" sort="Jensen, Gorm B" uniqKey="Jensen G" first="Gorm B" last="Jensen">Gorm B. Jensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A157">The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jhun, Min A" sort="Jhun, Min A" uniqKey="Jhun M" first="Min A" last="Jhun">Min A. Jhun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, Yucheng" sort="Jia, Yucheng" uniqKey="Jia Y" first="Yucheng" last="Jia">Yucheng Jia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xuejuan" sort="Jiang, Xuejuan" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xuejuan" last="Jiang">Xuejuan Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansson, Stefan" sort="Johansson, Stefan" uniqKey="Johansson S" first="Stefan" last="Johansson">Stefan Johansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, Marit E" sort="J Rgensen, Marit E" uniqKey="J Rgensen M" first="Marit E" last="J Rgensen">Marit E. J Rgensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161">National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, 1353, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, 2820, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, Torben" sort="J Rgensen, Torben" uniqKey="J Rgensen T" first="Torben" last="J Rgensen">Torben J Rgensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jousilahti, Pekka" sort="Jousilahti, Pekka" uniqKey="Jousilahti P" first="Pekka" last="Jousilahti">Pekka Jousilahti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jukema, J Wouter" sort="Jukema, J Wouter" uniqKey="Jukema J" first="J Wouter" last="Jukema">J Wouter Jukema</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">The Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahali, Bratati" sort="Kahali, Bratati" uniqKey="Kahali B" first="Bratati" last="Kahali">Bratati Kahali</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahn, Rene S" sort="Kahn, Rene S" uniqKey="Kahn R" first="René S" last="Kahn">René S. Kahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Honen, Mika" sort="K Honen, Mika" uniqKey="K Honen M" first="Mika" last="K Hönen">Mika K Hönen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172">Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamstrup, Pia R" sort="Kamstrup, Pia R" uniqKey="Kamstrup P" first="Pia R" last="Kamstrup">Pia R. Kamstrup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanoni, Stavroula" sort="Kanoni, Stavroula" uniqKey="Kanoni S" first="Stavroula" last="Kanoni">Stavroula Kanoni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaprio, Jaakko" sort="Kaprio, Jaakko" uniqKey="Kaprio J" first="Jaakko" last="Kaprio">Jaakko Kaprio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karaleftheri, Maria" sort="Karaleftheri, Maria" uniqKey="Karaleftheri M" first="Maria" last="Karaleftheri">Maria Karaleftheri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173">Echinos Medical Centre, Echinos, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kardia, Sharon Lr" sort="Kardia, Sharon Lr" uniqKey="Kardia S" first="Sharon Lr" last="Kardia">Sharon Lr Kardia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karpe, Fredrik" sort="Karpe, Fredrik" uniqKey="Karpe F" first="Fredrik" last="Karpe">Fredrik Karpe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kee, Frank" sort="Kee, Frank" uniqKey="Kee F" first="Frank" last="Kee">Frank Kee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176">UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK, BT12 6BJ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keeman, Renske" sort="Keeman, Renske" uniqKey="Keeman R" first="Renske" last="Keeman">Renske Keeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiemeney, Lambertus A" sort="Kiemeney, Lambertus A" uniqKey="Kiemeney L" first="Lambertus A" last="Kiemeney">Lambertus A. Kiemeney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kitajima, Hidetoshi" sort="Kitajima, Hidetoshi" uniqKey="Kitajima H" first="Hidetoshi" last="Kitajima">Hidetoshi Kitajima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kluivers, Kirsten B" sort="Kluivers, Kirsten B" uniqKey="Kluivers K" first="Kirsten B" last="Kluivers">Kirsten B. Kluivers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kocher, Thomas" sort="Kocher, Thomas" uniqKey="Kocher T" first="Thomas" last="Kocher">Thomas Kocher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komulainen, Pirjo" sort="Komulainen, Pirjo" uniqKey="Komulainen P" first="Pirjo" last="Komulainen">Pirjo Komulainen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kontto, Jukka" sort="Kontto, Jukka" uniqKey="Kontto J" first="Jukka" last="Kontto">Jukka Kontto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kooner, Jaspal S" sort="Kooner, Jaspal S" uniqKey="Kooner J" first="Jaspal S" last="Kooner">Jaspal S. Kooner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kooperberg, Charles" sort="Kooperberg, Charles" uniqKey="Kooperberg C" first="Charles" last="Kooperberg">Charles Kooperberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovacs, Peter" sort="Kovacs, Peter" uniqKey="Kovacs P" first="Peter" last="Kovacs">Peter Kovacs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kriebel, Jennifer" sort="Kriebel, Jennifer" uniqKey="Kriebel J" first="Jennifer" last="Kriebel">Jennifer Kriebel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183">Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184">Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuivaniemi, Helena" sort="Kuivaniemi, Helena" uniqKey="Kuivaniemi H" first="Helena" last="Kuivaniemi">Helena Kuivaniemi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185">Department of Psychiatry, and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kury, Sebastien" sort="Kury, Sebastien" uniqKey="Kury S" first="Sébastien" last="Küry">Sébastien Küry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186">CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes, 44093, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuusisto, Johanna" sort="Kuusisto, Johanna" uniqKey="Kuusisto J" first="Johanna" last="Kuusisto">Johanna Kuusisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Bianca, Martina" sort="La Bianca, Martina" uniqKey="La Bianca M" first="Martina" last="La Bianca">Martina La Bianca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laakso, Markku" sort="Laakso, Markku" uniqKey="Laakso M" first="Markku" last="Laakso">Markku Laakso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakka, Timo A" sort="Lakka, Timo A" uniqKey="Lakka T" first="Timo A" last="Lakka">Timo A. Lakka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189">Institute of Biomedicine & Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lange, Ethan M" sort="Lange, Ethan M" uniqKey="Lange E" first="Ethan M" last="Lange">Ethan M. Lange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lange, Leslie A" sort="Lange, Leslie A" uniqKey="Lange L" first="Leslie A" last="Lange">Leslie A. Lange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langefeld, Carl D" sort="Langefeld, Carl D" uniqKey="Langefeld C" first="Carl D" last="Langefeld">Carl D. Langefeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191">Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langenberg, Claudia" sort="Langenberg, Claudia" uniqKey="Langenberg C" first="Claudia" last="Langenberg">Claudia Langenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larson, Eric B" sort="Larson, Eric B" uniqKey="Larson E" first="Eric B" last="Larson">Eric B. Larson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A193">Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194">Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98101, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, I Te" sort="Lee, I Te" uniqKey="Lee I" first="I-Te" last="Lee">I-Te Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195">Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196">School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197">School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lehtim Ki, Terho" sort="Lehtim Ki, Terho" uniqKey="Lehtim Ki T" first="Terho" last="Lehtim Ki">Terho Lehtim Ki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Cora E" sort="Lewis, Cora E" uniqKey="Lewis C" first="Cora E" last="Lewis">Cora E. Lewis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198">Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Huaixing" sort="Li, Huaixing" uniqKey="Li H" first="Huaixing" last="Li">Huaixing Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Jin" sort="Li, Jin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jin" last="Li">Jin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200">Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li Gao, Ruifang" sort="Li Gao, Ruifang" uniqKey="Li Gao R" first="Ruifang" last="Li-Gao">Ruifang Li-Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Honghuang" sort="Lin, Honghuang" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Honghuang" last="Lin">Honghuang Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201">Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Li An" sort="Lin, Li An" uniqKey="Lin L" first="Li-An" last="Lin">Li-An Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Xu" sort="Lin, Xu" uniqKey="Lin X" first="Xu" last="Lin">Xu Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lind, Lars" sort="Lind, Lars" uniqKey="Lind L" first="Lars" last="Lind">Lars Lind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindstrom, Jaana" sort="Lindstrom, Jaana" uniqKey="Lindstrom J" first="Jaana" last="Lindström">Jaana Lindström</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linneberg, Allan" sort="Linneberg, Allan" uniqKey="Linneberg A" first="Allan" last="Linneberg">Allan Linneberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">Department of Experimental Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yeheng" sort="Liu, Yeheng" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yeheng" last="Liu">Yeheng Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yongmei" sort="Liu, Yongmei" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yongmei" last="Liu">Yongmei Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lophatananon, Artitaya" sort="Lophatananon, Artitaya" uniqKey="Lophatananon A" first="Artitaya" last="Lophatananon">Artitaya Lophatananon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luan, Jian An" sort="Luan, Jian An" uniqKey="Luan J" first="Jian'An" last="Luan">Jian'An Luan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lubitz, Steven A" sort="Lubitz, Steven A" uniqKey="Lubitz S" first="Steven A" last="Lubitz">Steven A. Lubitz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyytik Inen, Leo Pekka" sort="Lyytik Inen, Leo Pekka" uniqKey="Lyytik Inen L" first="Leo-Pekka" last="Lyytik Inen">Leo-Pekka Lyytik Inen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mackey, David A" sort="Mackey, David A" uniqKey="Mackey D" first="David A" last="Mackey">David A. Mackey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Madden, Pamela Af" sort="Madden, Pamela Af" uniqKey="Madden P" first="Pamela Af" last="Madden">Pamela Af Madden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manning, Alisa K" sort="Manning, Alisa K" uniqKey="Manning A" first="Alisa K" last="Manning">Alisa K. Manning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Nnisto, Satu" sort="M Nnisto, Satu" uniqKey="M Nnisto S" first="Satu" last="M Nnistö">Satu M Nnistö</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marenne, Gaelle" sort="Marenne, Gaelle" uniqKey="Marenne G" first="Gaëlle" last="Marenne">Gaëlle Marenne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marten, Jonathan" sort="Marten, Jonathan" uniqKey="Marten J" first="Jonathan" last="Marten">Jonathan Marten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Nicholas G" sort="Martin, Nicholas G" uniqKey="Martin N" first="Nicholas G" last="Martin">Nicholas G. Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazul, Angela L" sort="Mazul, Angela L" uniqKey="Mazul A" first="Angela L" last="Mazul">Angela L. Mazul</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meidtner, Karina" sort="Meidtner, Karina" uniqKey="Meidtner K" first="Karina" last="Meidtner">Karina Meidtner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Paul" sort="Mitchell, Paul" uniqKey="Mitchell P" first="Paul" last="Mitchell">Paul Mitchell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208">Westmead Millennium Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Vision Research and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2022, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohlke, Karen L" sort="Mohlke, Karen L" uniqKey="Mohlke K" first="Karen L" last="Mohlke">Karen L. Mohlke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" sort="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" uniqKey="Mook Kanamori D" first="Dennis O" last="Mook-Kanamori">Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morgan, Anna" sort="Morgan, Anna" uniqKey="Morgan A" first="Anna" last="Morgan">Anna Morgan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Andrew D" sort="Morris, Andrew D" uniqKey="Morris A" first="Andrew D" last="Morris">Andrew D. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Andrew P" sort="Morris, Andrew P" uniqKey="Morris A" first="Andrew P" last="Morris">Andrew P. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211">Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, 81377, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212">DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Munroe, Patricia B" sort="Munroe, Patricia B" uniqKey="Munroe P" first="Patricia B" last="Munroe">Patricia B. Munroe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nalls, Mike A" sort="Nalls, Mike A" uniqKey="Nalls M" first="Mike A" last="Nalls">Mike A. Nalls</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nauck, Matthias" sort="Nauck, Matthias" uniqKey="Nauck M" first="Matthias" last="Nauck">Matthias Nauck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214">DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A215">Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Christopher P" sort="Nelson, Christopher P" uniqKey="Nelson C" first="Christopher P" last="Nelson">Christopher P. Nelson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neville, Matt" sort="Neville, Matt" uniqKey="Neville M" first="Matt" last="Neville">Matt Neville</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Sune F" sort="Nielsen, Sune F" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Sune F" last="Nielsen">Sune F. Nielsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikus, Kjell" sort="Nikus, Kjell" uniqKey="Nikus K" first="Kjell" last="Nikus">Kjell Nikus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A216">Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nj Lstad, P L R" sort="Nj Lstad, P L R" uniqKey="Nj Lstad P" first="P L R" last="Nj Lstad">P L R. Nj Lstad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" sort="Nordestgaard, B Rge G" uniqKey="Nordestgaard B" first="B Rge G" last="Nordestgaard">B Rge G. Nordestgaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ntalla, Ioanna" sort="Ntalla, Ioanna" uniqKey="Ntalla I" first="Ioanna" last="Ntalla">Ioanna Ntalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Connel, Jeffrey R" sort="O Connel, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="O Connel J" first="Jeffrey R" last="O'Connel">Jeffrey R. O'Connel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oksa, Heikki" sort="Oksa, Heikki" uniqKey="Oksa H" first="Heikki" last="Oksa">Heikki Oksa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A218">Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loohuis, Loes M Olde" sort="Loohuis, Loes M Olde" uniqKey="Loohuis L" first="Loes M Olde" last="Loohuis">Loes M Olde Loohuis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A219">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A219">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owen, Katharine R" sort="Owen, Katharine R" uniqKey="Owen K" first="Katharine R" last="Owen">Katharine R. Owen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packard, Chris J" sort="Packard, Chris J" uniqKey="Packard C" first="Chris J" last="Packard">Chris J. Packard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Padmanabhan, Sandosh" sort="Padmanabhan, Sandosh" uniqKey="Padmanabhan S" first="Sandosh" last="Padmanabhan">Sandosh Padmanabhan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmer, Colin Na" sort="Palmer, Colin Na" uniqKey="Palmer C" first="Colin Na" last="Palmer">Colin Na Palmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A220">Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pasterkamp, Gerard" sort="Pasterkamp, Gerard" uniqKey="Pasterkamp G" first="Gerard" last="Pasterkamp">Gerard Pasterkamp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A221">Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A222">Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, Aniruddh P" sort="Patel, Aniruddh P" uniqKey="Patel A" first="Aniruddh P" last="Patel">Aniruddh P. Patel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pattie, Alison" sort="Pattie, Alison" uniqKey="Pattie A" first="Alison" last="Pattie">Alison Pattie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, Oluf" sort="Pedersen, Oluf" uniqKey="Pedersen O" first="Oluf" last="Pedersen">Oluf Pedersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peissig, Peggy L" sort="Peissig, Peggy L" uniqKey="Peissig P" first="Peggy L" last="Peissig">Peggy L. Peissig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peloso, Gina M" sort="Peloso, Gina M" uniqKey="Peloso G" first="Gina M" last="Peloso">Gina M. Peloso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pennell, Craig E" sort="Pennell, Craig E" uniqKey="Pennell C" first="Craig E" last="Pennell">Craig E. Pennell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A223">School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perola, Markus" sort="Perola, Markus" uniqKey="Perola M" first="Markus" last="Perola">Markus Perola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A224">University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Helsinki, FI00014, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A225">University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, James A" sort="Perry, James A" uniqKey="Perry J" first="James A" last="Perry">James A. Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, John R B" sort="Perry, John R B" uniqKey="Perry J" first="John R. B." last="Perry">John R. B. Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Person, Thomas N" sort="Person, Thomas N" uniqKey="Person T" first="Thomas N" last="Person">Thomas N. Person</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirie, Ailith" sort="Pirie, Ailith" uniqKey="Pirie A" first="Ailith" last="Pirie">Ailith Pirie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Polasek, Ozren" sort="Polasek, Ozren" uniqKey="Polasek O" first="Ozren" last="Polasek">Ozren Polasek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A226">School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A227">Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department Complex Trait Genetics, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A228">Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Department Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raitakari, Olli T" sort="Raitakari, Olli T" uniqKey="Raitakari O" first="Olli T" last="Raitakari">Olli T. Raitakari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A229">Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A230">Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rasheed, Asif" sort="Rasheed, Asif" uniqKey="Rasheed A" first="Asif" last="Rasheed">Asif Rasheed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A231">Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rauramaa, Rainer" sort="Rauramaa, Rainer" uniqKey="Rauramaa R" first="Rainer" last="Rauramaa">Rainer Rauramaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A232">Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reilly, Dermot F" sort="Reilly, Dermot F" uniqKey="Reilly D" first="Dermot F" last="Reilly">Dermot F. Reilly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A233">MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reiner, Alex P" sort="Reiner, Alex P" uniqKey="Reiner A" first="Alex P" last="Reiner">Alex P. Reiner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A234">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renstrom, Frida" sort="Renstrom, Frida" uniqKey="Renstrom F" first="Frida" last="Renström">Frida Renström</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A235">Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ridker, Paul M" sort="Ridker, Paul M" uniqKey="Ridker P" first="Paul M" last="Ridker">Paul M. Ridker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A236">Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rioux, John D" sort="Rioux, John D" uniqKey="Rioux J" first="John D" last="Rioux">John D. Rioux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Neil" sort="Robertson, Neil" uniqKey="Robertson N" first="Neil" last="Robertson">Neil Robertson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robino, Antonietta" sort="Robino, Antonietta" uniqKey="Robino A" first="Antonietta" last="Robino">Antonietta Robino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rolandsson, Olov" sort="Rolandsson, Olov" uniqKey="Rolandsson O" first="Olov" last="Rolandsson">Olov Rolandsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A238">Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 90185, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rudan, Igor" sort="Rudan, Igor" uniqKey="Rudan I" first="Igor" last="Rudan">Igor Rudan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruth, Katherine S" sort="Ruth, Katherine S" uniqKey="Ruth K" first="Katherine S" last="Ruth">Katherine S. Ruth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saleheen, Danish" sort="Saleheen, Danish" uniqKey="Saleheen D" first="Danish" last="Saleheen">Danish Saleheen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A231">Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A239">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samani, Nilesh J" sort="Samani, Nilesh J" uniqKey="Samani N" first="Nilesh J" last="Samani">Nilesh J. Samani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandow, Kevin" sort="Sandow, Kevin" uniqKey="Sandow K" first="Kevin" last="Sandow">Kevin Sandow</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sapkota, Yadav" sort="Sapkota, Yadav" uniqKey="Sapkota Y" first="Yadav" last="Sapkota">Yadav Sapkota</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sattar, Naveed" sort="Sattar, Naveed" uniqKey="Sattar N" first="Naveed" last="Sattar">Naveed Sattar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Marjanka K" sort="Schmidt, Marjanka K" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="Marjanka K" last="Schmidt">Marjanka K. Schmidt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schreiner, Pamela J" sort="Schreiner, Pamela J" uniqKey="Schreiner P" first="Pamela J" last="Schreiner">Pamela J. Schreiner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A240">Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze, Matthias B" sort="Schulze, Matthias B" uniqKey="Schulze M" first="Matthias B" last="Schulze">Matthias B. Schulze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Robert A" sort="Scott, Robert A" uniqKey="Scott R" first="Robert A" last="Scott">Robert A. Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Segura Lepe, Marcelo P" sort="Segura Lepe, Marcelo P" uniqKey="Segura Lepe M" first="Marcelo P" last="Segura-Lepe">Marcelo P. Segura-Lepe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, Svati" sort="Shah, Svati" uniqKey="Shah S" first="Svati" last="Shah">Svati Shah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A241">Duke University, Durham, NC, 27703, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sim, Xueling" sort="Sim, Xueling" uniqKey="Sim X" first="Xueling" last="Sim">Xueling Sim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A242">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh" sort="Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh" uniqKey="Sivapalaratnam S" first="Suthesh" last="Sivapalaratnam">Suthesh Sivapalaratnam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A243">Departement of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OPT, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A244">Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Small, Kerrin S" sort="Small, Kerrin S" uniqKey="Small K" first="Kerrin S" last="Small">Kerrin S. Small</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A245">Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kingís College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Albert Vernon" sort="Smith, Albert Vernon" uniqKey="Smith A" first="Albert Vernon" last="Smith">Albert Vernon Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Jennifer A" sort="Smith, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Smith J" first="Jennifer A" last="Smith">Jennifer A. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Southam, Lorraine" sort="Southam, Lorraine" uniqKey="Southam L" first="Lorraine" last="Southam">Lorraine Southam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spector, Timothy D" sort="Spector, Timothy D" uniqKey="Spector T" first="Timothy D" last="Spector">Timothy D. Spector</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A245">Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kingís College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Speliotes, Elizabeth K" sort="Speliotes, Elizabeth K" uniqKey="Speliotes E" first="Elizabeth K" last="Speliotes">Elizabeth K. Speliotes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, John M" sort="Starr, John M" uniqKey="Starr J" first="John M" last="Starr">John M. Starr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A246">Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur" sort="Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur" uniqKey="Steinthorsdottir V" first="Valgerdur" last="Steinthorsdottir">Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stringham, Heather M" sort="Stringham, Heather M" uniqKey="Stringham H" first="Heather M" last="Stringham">Heather M. Stringham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stumvoll, Michael" sort="Stumvoll, Michael" uniqKey="Stumvoll M" first="Michael" last="Stumvoll">Michael Stumvoll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Surendran, Praveen" sort="Surendran, Praveen" uniqKey="Surendran P" first="Praveen" last="Surendran">Praveen Surendran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hart, Leen M" sort="Hart, Leen M" uniqKey="Hart L" first="Leen M" last="Hart">Leen M Hart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A247">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A248">Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A249">Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZC, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tansey, Katherine E" sort="Tansey, Katherine E" uniqKey="Tansey K" first="Katherine E" last="Tansey">Katherine E. Tansey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A250">College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4EP, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A251">MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tardif, Jean Claude" sort="Tardif, Jean Claude" uniqKey="Tardif J" first="Jean-Claude" last="Tardif">Jean-Claude Tardif</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Kent D" sort="Taylor, Kent D" uniqKey="Taylor K" first="Kent D" last="Taylor">Kent D. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Teumer, Alexander" sort="Teumer, Alexander" uniqKey="Teumer A" first="Alexander" last="Teumer">Alexander Teumer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A252">Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Deborah J" sort="Thompson, Deborah J" uniqKey="Thompson D" first="Deborah J" last="Thompson">Deborah J. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur" sort="Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur" uniqKey="Thorsteinsdottir U" first="Unnur" last="Thorsteinsdottir">Unnur Thorsteinsdottir</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thuesen, Betina H" sort="Thuesen, Betina H" uniqKey="Thuesen B" first="Betina H" last="Thuesen">Betina H. Thuesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tonjes, Anke" sort="Tonjes, Anke" uniqKey="Tonjes A" first="Anke" last="Tönjes">Anke Tönjes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A253">Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tromp, Gerard" sort="Tromp, Gerard" uniqKey="Tromp G" first="Gerard" last="Tromp">Gerard Tromp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A254">Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trompet, Stella" sort="Trompet, Stella" uniqKey="Trompet S" first="Stella" last="Trompet">Stella Trompet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A255">Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsafantakis, Emmanouil" sort="Tsafantakis, Emmanouil" uniqKey="Tsafantakis E" first="Emmanouil" last="Tsafantakis">Emmanouil Tsafantakis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A256">Anogia Medical Centre, Anogia, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" sort="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" uniqKey="Tuomilehto J" first="Jaakko" last="Tuomilehto">Jaakko Tuomilehto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A257">Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A258">Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A259">Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tybjaerg Hansen, Anne" sort="Tybjaerg Hansen, Anne" uniqKey="Tybjaerg Hansen A" first="Anne" last="Tybjaerg-Hansen">Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyrer, Jonathan P" sort="Tyrer, Jonathan P" uniqKey="Tyrer J" first="Jonathan P" last="Tyrer">Jonathan P. Tyrer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uher, Rudolf" sort="Uher, Rudolf" uniqKey="Uher R" first="Rudolf" last="Uher">Rudolf Uher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A260">Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G" last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ulivi, Sheila" sort="Ulivi, Sheila" uniqKey="Ulivi S" first="Sheila" last="Ulivi">Sheila Ulivi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Laan, Sander W" sort="Van Der Laan, Sander W" uniqKey="Van Der Laan S" first="Sander W" last="Van Der Laan">Sander W. Van Der Laan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A222">Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Leij, Andries R" sort="Van Der Leij, Andries R" uniqKey="Van Der Leij A" first="Andries R" last="Van Der Leij">Andries R. Van Der Leij</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A261">University of Amsterdam, Department of Brain & Cognition, Amsterdam, 1018 WS, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Schoor, Natasja M" sort="Van Schoor, Natasja M" uniqKey="Van Schoor N" first="Natasja M" last="Van Schoor">Natasja M. Van Schoor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A247">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1007MB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Setten, Jessica" sort="Van Setten, Jessica" uniqKey="Van Setten J" first="Jessica" last="Van Setten">Jessica Van Setten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varbo, Anette" sort="Varbo, Anette" uniqKey="Varbo A" first="Anette" last="Varbo">Anette Varbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varga, Tibor V" sort="Varga, Tibor V" uniqKey="Varga T" first="Tibor V" last="Varga">Tibor V. Varga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varma, Rohit" sort="Varma, Rohit" uniqKey="Varma R" first="Rohit" last="Varma">Rohit Varma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Digna R Velez" sort="Edwards, Digna R Velez" uniqKey="Edwards D" first="Digna R Velez" last="Edwards">Digna R Velez Edwards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A262">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vermeulen, Sita H" sort="Vermeulen, Sita H" uniqKey="Vermeulen S" first="Sita H" last="Vermeulen">Sita H. Vermeulen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vestergaard, Henrik" sort="Vestergaard, Henrik" uniqKey="Vestergaard H" first="Henrik" last="Vestergaard">Henrik Vestergaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vitart, Veronique" sort="Vitart, Veronique" uniqKey="Vitart V" first="Veronique" last="Vitart">Veronique Vitart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vogt, Thomas F" sort="Vogt, Thomas F" uniqKey="Vogt T" first="Thomas F" last="Vogt">Thomas F. Vogt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A263">MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Cardiometabolic Disease, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vozzi, Diego" sort="Vozzi, Diego" uniqKey="Vozzi D" first="Diego" last="Vozzi">Diego Vozzi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Mark" sort="Walker, Mark" uniqKey="Walker M" first="Mark" last="Walker">Mark Walker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A264">Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Feijie" sort="Wang, Feijie" uniqKey="Wang F" first="Feijie" last="Wang">Feijie Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Carol A" sort="Wang, Carol A" uniqKey="Wang C" first="Carol A" last="Wang">Carol A. Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A223">School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Shuai" sort="Wang, Shuai" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Shuai" last="Wang">Shuai Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A265">Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yiqin" sort="Wang, Yiqin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yiqin" last="Wang">Yiqin Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wareham, Nicholas J" sort="Wareham, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Wareham N" first="Nicholas J" last="Wareham">Nicholas J. Wareham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warren, Helen R" sort="Warren, Helen R" uniqKey="Warren H" first="Helen R" last="Warren">Helen R. Warren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wessel, Jennifer" sort="Wessel, Jennifer" uniqKey="Wessel J" first="Jennifer" last="Wessel">Jennifer Wessel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A266">Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, 46202, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willems, Sara M" sort="Willems, Sara M" uniqKey="Willems S" first="Sara M" last="Willems">Sara M. Willems</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, James G" sort="Wilson, James G" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James G" last="Wilson">James G. Wilson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A267">Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Witte, Daniel R" sort="Witte, Daniel R" uniqKey="Witte D" first="Daniel R" last="Witte">Daniel R. Witte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A268">Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, 5000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A269">Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, Michael O" sort="Woods, Michael O" uniqKey="Woods M" first="Michael O" last="Woods">Michael O. Woods</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A270">Memorial University, Faculty of Medicine, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Ying" sort="Wu, Ying" uniqKey="Wu Y" first="Ying" last="Wu">Ying Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaghootkar, Hanieh" sort="Yaghootkar, Hanieh" uniqKey="Yaghootkar H" first="Hanieh" last="Yaghootkar">Hanieh Yaghootkar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Jie" sort="Yao, Jie" uniqKey="Yao J" first="Jie" last="Yao">Jie Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Pang" sort="Yao, Pang" uniqKey="Yao P" first="Pang" last="Yao">Pang Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yerges Armstrong, Laura M" sort="Yerges Armstrong, Laura M" uniqKey="Yerges Armstrong L" first="Laura M" last="Yerges-Armstrong">Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A271">GlaxoSmithKlein, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Robin" sort="Young, Robin" uniqKey="Young R" first="Robin" last="Young">Robin Young</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeggini, Eleftheria" sort="Zeggini, Eleftheria" uniqKey="Zeggini E" first="Eleftheria" last="Zeggini">Eleftheria Zeggini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhan, Xiaowei" sort="Zhan, Xiaowei" uniqKey="Zhan X" first="Xiaowei" last="Zhan">Xiaowei Zhan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A272">Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Weihua" sort="Zhang, Weihua" uniqKey="Zhang W" first="Weihua" last="Zhang">Weihua Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Jing Hua" sort="Zhao, Jing Hua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jing Hua" last="Zhao">Jing Hua Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A239">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, He" sort="Zheng, He" uniqKey="Zheng H" first="He" last="Zheng">He Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Wei" sort="Zhou, Wei" uniqKey="Zhou W" first="Wei" last="Zhou">Wei Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rotter, Jerome I" sort="Rotter, Jerome I" uniqKey="Rotter J" first="Jerome I" last="Rotter">Jerome I. Rotter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boehnke, Michael" sort="Boehnke, Michael" uniqKey="Boehnke M" first="Michael" last="Boehnke">Michael Boehnke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kathiresan, Sekar" sort="Kathiresan, Sekar" uniqKey="Kathiresan S" first="Sekar" last="Kathiresan">Sekar Kathiresan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Willer, Cristen J" sort="Willer, Cristen J" uniqKey="Willer C" first="Cristen J" last="Willer">Cristen J. Willer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A273">Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Kari" sort="Stefansson, Kari" uniqKey="Stefansson K" first="Kari" last="Stefansson">Kari Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borecki, Ingrid B" sort="Borecki, Ingrid B" uniqKey="Borecki I" first="Ingrid B" last="Borecki">Ingrid B. Borecki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Dajiang J" sort="Liu, Dajiang J" uniqKey="Liu D" first="Dajiang J" last="Liu">Dajiang J. Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A274">Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="North, Kari E" sort="North, Kari E" uniqKey="North K" first="Kari E" last="North">Kari E. North</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A275">Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heard Costa, Nancy L" sort="Heard Costa, Nancy L" uniqKey="Heard Costa N" first="Nancy L" last="Heard-Costa">Nancy L. Heard-Costa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A276">Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pers, Tune H" sort="Pers, Tune H" uniqKey="Pers T" first="Tune H" last="Pers">Tune H. Pers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A277">Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M" last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A278">Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oxvig, Claus" sort="Oxvig, Claus" uniqKey="Oxvig C" first="Claus" last="Oxvig">Claus Oxvig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kutalik, Zoltan" sort="Kutalik, Zoltan" uniqKey="Kutalik Z" first="Zoltán" last="Kutalik">Zoltán Kutalik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rivadeneira, Fernando" sort="Rivadeneira, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeneira F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeneira">Fernando Rivadeneira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loos, Ruth Jf" sort="Loos, Ruth Jf" uniqKey="Loos R" first="Ruth Jf" last="Loos">Ruth Jf Loos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A279">The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frayling, Timothy M" sort="Frayling, Timothy M" uniqKey="Frayling T" first="Timothy M" last="Frayling">Timothy M. Frayling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A280">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A281">Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lettre, Guillaume" sort="Lettre, Guillaume" uniqKey="Lettre G" first="Guillaume" last="Lettre">Guillaume Lettre</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A237">Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-0836</idno><idno type="eISSN">1476-4687</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><p id="P1">Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ∼700 common associated variants identified so far through genome-wide association studies. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequencies (range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 cm/allele (<italic>e.g.</italic> in <italic>IHH</italic>, <italic>STC2</italic>, <italic>AR</italic> and <italic>CRISPLD2</italic>), >10 times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of <italic>STC2</italic> (+1-2 cm/allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 <italic>in vitro</italic>, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (<italic>e.g. ADAMTS3, IL11RA, NOX4</italic>) and pathways (<italic>e.g.</italic> proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. 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<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0410462</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">6011</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Nature</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Nature</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Nature</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0028-0836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1476-4687</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28146470</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5302847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/nature21039</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS834200</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib 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ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kjaer</surname><given-names>Troels R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fine</surname><given-names>Rebecca S</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>Yingchang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schurmann</surname><given-names>Claudia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Highland</surname><given-names>Heather M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rüeger</surname><given-names>Sina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thorleifsson</surname><given-names>Gudmar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">17</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Justice</surname><given-names>Anne E</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lamparter</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">18</xref></contrib><contrib 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ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kutalik</surname><given-names>Zoltán</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rivadeneira</surname><given-names>Fernando</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Loos</surname><given-names>Ruth JF</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A279">279</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Frayling</surname><given-names>Timothy M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hirschhorn</surname><given-names>Joel N</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A280">280</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Deloukas</surname><given-names>Panos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A281">281</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lettre</surname><given-names>Guillaume</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A237">237</xref><xref rid="FN4" ref-type="author-notes">§</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>deCODE Genetics/Amgen inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, D-93051, Germany</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label>McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label>Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Univeristy of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label>NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label>Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label>Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label>Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford, OX37BN, UK</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label>Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label>Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, 3501 DB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label>Dept of obstetrics and gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label>Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label>Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label>The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label>Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label>INSERM U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label>Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, F-59019, France</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label>Universite de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, Lille, F-59019, France</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label>Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67085, France</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label>Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67081, France</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label>Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label>Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label>Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label>Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label>INSERM U1018, Centre de recherche en Épidemiologie et Sante des Populations (CESP), Villejuif, France</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label>Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label>Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, 2730, Denmark</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label>Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label>Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label>IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label>University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label>Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label>School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label>Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label>Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label>Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label>Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA</aff><aff id="A61"><label>61</label>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</aff><aff id="A62"><label>62</label>Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A63"><label>63</label>MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kingís College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Maudsley, London, SE5 8AF, UK</aff><aff id="A64"><label>64</label>Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA</aff><aff id="A65"><label>65</label>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</aff><aff id="A66"><label>66</label>MRC / BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</aff><aff id="A67"><label>67</label>NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</aff><aff id="A68"><label>68</label>The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, 17822, USA</aff><aff id="A69"><label>69</label>NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK</aff><aff id="A70"><label>70</label>Department of Cardiology, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK</aff><aff id="A71"><label>71</label>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</aff><aff id="A72"><label>72</label>Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK</aff><aff id="A73"><label>73</label>Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A74"><label>74</label>Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA</aff><aff id="A75"><label>75</label>Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A76"><label>76</label>Medical department, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, 7100, Denmark</aff><aff id="A77"><label>77</label>NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA</aff><aff id="A78"><label>78</label>Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy</aff><aff id="A79"><label>79</label>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK</aff><aff id="A80"><label>80</label>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</aff><aff id="A81"><label>81</label>Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</aff><aff id="A82"><label>82</label>Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A83"><label>83</label>Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia</aff><aff id="A84"><label>84</label>Diamantina Institute, University of Qeensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia</aff><aff id="A85"><label>85</label>QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia</aff><aff id="A86"><label>86</label>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</aff><aff id="A87"><label>87</label>British Heart Foundation, Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</aff><aff id="A88"><label>88</label>Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A89"><label>89</label>Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A90"><label>90</label>Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</aff><aff id="A91"><label>91</label>Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Division of Laboratory and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508 GA, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A92"><label>92</label>Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dvision Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A93"><label>93</label>Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A94"><label>94</label>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece</aff><aff id="A95"><label>95</label>Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</aff><aff id="A96"><label>96</label>Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A97"><label>97</label>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</aff><aff id="A98"><label>98</label>Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK</aff><aff id="A99"><label>99</label>MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristo, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</aff><aff id="A100"><label>100</label>Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA</aff><aff id="A101"><label>101</label>Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, 10017, USA</aff><aff id="A102"><label>102</label>Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK</aff><aff id="A103"><label>103</label>Department of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90029, Finland</aff><aff id="A104"><label>104</label>Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland</aff><aff id="A105"><label>105</label>Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</aff><aff id="A106"><label>106</label>Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA</aff><aff id="A107"><label>107</label>Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA</aff><aff id="A108"><label>108</label>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK</aff><aff id="A109"><label>109</label>Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece</aff><aff id="A110"><label>110</label>Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA</aff><aff id="A111"><label>111</label>Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA</aff><aff id="A112"><label>112</label>CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy</aff><aff id="A113"><label>113</label>Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy</aff><aff id="A114"><label>114</label>Research Center on Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy</aff><aff id="A115"><label>115</label>Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, TSA 50032 31059, France</aff><aff id="A116"><label>116</label>Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A117"><label>117</label>University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK</aff><aff id="A118"><label>118</label>Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA</aff><aff id="A119"><label>119</label>Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden</aff><aff id="A120"><label>120</label>Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A121"><label>121</label>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden</aff><aff id="A122"><label>122</label>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark</aff><aff id="A123"><label>123</label>Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34137, Italy</aff><aff id="A124"><label>124</label>Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, 26999, Qatar</aff><aff id="A125"><label>125</label>Geriatrics, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden</aff><aff id="A126"><label>126</label>Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A127"><label>127</label>Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A128"><label>128</label>Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland</aff><aff id="A129"><label>129</label>Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland</aff><aff id="A130"><label>130</label>Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 41, Sweden</aff><aff id="A131"><label>131</label>Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A132"><label>132</label>Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</aff><aff id="A133"><label>133</label>University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</aff><aff id="A134"><label>134</label>MRCHGU, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</aff><aff id="A135"><label>135</label>Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA</aff><aff id="A136"><label>136</label>Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</aff><aff id="A137"><label>137</label>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland</aff><aff id="A138"><label>138</label>Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</aff><aff id="A139"><label>139</label>KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway</aff><aff id="A140"><label>140</label>Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</aff><aff id="A141"><label>141</label>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland</aff><aff id="A142"><label>142</label>Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</aff><aff id="A143"><label>143</label>Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia</aff><aff id="A144"><label>144</label>Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</aff><aff id="A145"><label>145</label>Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia</aff><aff id="A146"><label>146</label>Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK</aff><aff id="A147"><label>147</label>Musculoskeletal Research Programme, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25, UK</aff><aff id="A148"><label>148</label>K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7600, Norway</aff><aff id="A149"><label>149</label>AMC, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A150"><label>150</label>HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway</aff><aff id="A151"><label>151</label>Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A152"><label>152</label>Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A153"><label>153</label>Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 943 05, USA</aff><aff id="A154"><label>154</label>Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90185, Sweden</aff><aff id="A155"><label>155</label>Research Unit Skellefteå, Skellefteå, SE-93141, Sweden</aff><aff id="A156"><label>156</label>Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</aff><aff id="A157"><label>157</label>The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A158"><label>158</label>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA, 90089, USA</aff><aff id="A159"><label>159</label>USC Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA</aff><aff id="A160"><label>160</label>Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway</aff><aff id="A161"><label>161</label>National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, 1353, Denmark</aff><aff id="A162"><label>162</label>Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, 2820, Denmark</aff><aff id="A163"><label>163</label>Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A164"><label>164</label>Research Center for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, DK-2600, Denmark</aff><aff id="A165"><label>165</label>National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland</aff><aff id="A166"><label>166</label>Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A167"><label>167</label>The Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, 2333, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A168"><label>168</label>Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A169"><label>169</label>Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A170"><label>170</label>Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A171"><label>171</label>Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A172"><label>172</label>Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland</aff><aff id="A173"><label>173</label>Echinos Medical Centre, Echinos, Greece</aff><aff id="A174"><label>174</label>Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</aff><aff id="A175"><label>175</label>Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK</aff><aff id="A176"><label>176</label>UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK, BT12 6BJ, UK</aff><aff id="A177"><label>177</label>Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A178"><label>178</label>Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</aff><aff id="A179"><label>179</label>Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland</aff><aff id="A180"><label>180</label>National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, USA</aff><aff id="A181"><label>181</label>Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, USA</aff><aff id="A182"><label>182</label>German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany</aff><aff id="A183"><label>183</label>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</aff><aff id="A184"><label>184</label>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany</aff><aff id="A185"><label>185</label>Department of Psychiatry, and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</aff><aff id="A186"><label>186</label>CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes, 44093, France</aff><aff id="A187"><label>187</label>Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</aff><aff id="A188"><label>188</label>Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy</aff><aff id="A189"><label>189</label>Institute of Biomedicine & Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</aff><aff id="A190"><label>190</label>Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A191"><label>191</label>Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</aff><aff id="A192"><label>192</label>MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK</aff><aff id="A193"><label>193</label>Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA</aff><aff id="A194"><label>194</label>Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98101, USA</aff><aff id="A195"><label>195</label>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan</aff><aff id="A196"><label>196</label>School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan</aff><aff id="A197"><label>197</label>School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan</aff><aff id="A198"><label>198</label>Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA</aff><aff id="A199"><label>199</label>Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, Shanghai, 200031, China</aff><aff id="A200"><label>200</label>Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA</aff><aff id="A201"><label>201</label>Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</aff><aff id="A202"><label>202</label>Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden</aff><aff id="A203"><label>203</label>Department of Experimental Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark</aff><aff id="A204"><label>204</label>Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA</aff><aff id="A205"><label>205</label>Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK</aff><aff id="A206"><label>206</label>Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA</aff><aff id="A207"><label>207</label>Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, 14558, Germany</aff><aff id="A208"><label>208</label>Westmead Millennium Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Vision Research and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2022, Australia</aff><aff id="A209"><label>209</label>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherland</aff><aff id="A210"><label>210</label>Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK</aff><aff id="A211"><label>211</label>Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, 81377, Germany</aff><aff id="A212"><label>212</label>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany</aff><aff id="A213"><label>213</label>Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA</aff><aff id="A214"><label>214</label>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</aff><aff id="A215"><label>215</label>Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</aff><aff id="A216"><label>216</label>Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33521, Finland</aff><aff id="A217"><label>217</label>Program in Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA</aff><aff id="A218"><label>218</label>Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland</aff><aff id="A219"><label>219</label>Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</aff><aff id="A220"><label>220</label>Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK</aff><aff id="A221"><label>221</label>Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A222"><label>222</label>Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A223"><label>223</label>School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia</aff><aff id="A224"><label>224</label>University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Helsinki, FI00014, Finland</aff><aff id="A225"><label>225</label>University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia, Tartu, 51010, Estonia</aff><aff id="A226"><label>226</label>School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia</aff><aff id="A227"><label>227</label>Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department Complex Trait Genetics, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A228"><label>228</label>Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Department Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A229"><label>229</label>Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland</aff><aff id="A230"><label>230</label>Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland</aff><aff id="A231"><label>231</label>Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan</aff><aff id="A232"><label>232</label>Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland</aff><aff id="A233"><label>233</label>MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A234"><label>234</label>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA</aff><aff id="A235"><label>235</label>Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden</aff><aff id="A236"><label>236</label>Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A237"><label>237</label>Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada</aff><aff id="A238"><label>238</label>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 90185, Sweden</aff><aff id="A239"><label>239</label>Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA</aff><aff id="A240"><label>240</label>Division of Epidemiology & Community Health University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA</aff><aff id="A241"><label>241</label>Duke University, Durham, NC, 27703, USA</aff><aff id="A242"><label>242</label>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore</aff><aff id="A243"><label>243</label>Departement of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OPT, UK</aff><aff id="A244"><label>244</label>Department of Vascular Medicine, AMC, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A245"><label>245</label>Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kingís College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK</aff><aff id="A246"><label>246</label>Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK</aff><aff id="A247"><label>247</label>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1007MB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A248"><label>248</label>Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 1007MB, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A249"><label>249</label>Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZC, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A250"><label>250</label>College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4EP, UK</aff><aff id="A251"><label>251</label>MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</aff><aff id="A252"><label>252</label>Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany</aff><aff id="A253"><label>253</label>Center for Pediatric Research, Department for Women's and Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany</aff><aff id="A254"><label>254</label>Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Western Cape, 7505, South Africa</aff><aff id="A255"><label>255</label>Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A256"><label>256</label>Anogia Medical Centre, Anogia, Greece</aff><aff id="A257"><label>257</label>Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria</aff><aff id="A258"><label>258</label>Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait</aff><aff id="A259"><label>259</label>Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</aff><aff id="A260"><label>260</label>Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Canada</aff><aff id="A261"><label>261</label>University of Amsterdam, Department of Brain & Cognition, Amsterdam, 1018 WS, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A262"><label>262</label>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA</aff><aff id="A263"><label>263</label>MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Cardiometabolic Disease, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA</aff><aff id="A264"><label>264</label>Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK</aff><aff id="A265"><label>265</label>Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</aff><aff id="A266"><label>266</label>Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Fairbanks School of Public Health & School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indiana, IN, 46202, USA</aff><aff id="A267"><label>267</label>Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA</aff><aff id="A268"><label>268</label>Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, 5000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A269"><label>269</label>Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark</aff><aff id="A270"><label>270</label>Memorial University, Faculty of Medicine, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada</aff><aff id="A271"><label>271</label>GlaxoSmithKlein, King of Prussia, PA, 19406, USA</aff><aff id="A272"><label>272</label>Department of Clinical Sciences, Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA</aff><aff id="A273"><label>273</label>Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA</aff><aff id="A274"><label>274</label>Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Personalized Medicine, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA</aff><aff id="A275"><label>275</label>Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA</aff><aff id="A276"><label>276</label>Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA</aff><aff id="A277"><label>277</label>Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark</aff><aff id="A278"><label>278</label>Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</aff><aff id="A279"><label>279</label>The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10069, USA</aff><aff id="A280"><label>280</label>Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA</aff><aff id="A281"><label>281</label>Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence to: Joel N. Hirschhorn (<email>joelh@broadinstitute.org</email>), Panos Deloukas (<email>p.deloukas@qmul.ac.uk</email>), Guillaume Lettre (<email>guillaume.lettre@umontreal.ca</email>)</corresp><fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>*</label><p>These authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><fn id="FN3"><label>¶</label><p>A full list of members appears in the <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>.</p></fn><fn id="FN4"><label>§</label><p>These authors jointly supervised this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>8</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>09</day><month>2</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>8</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>542</volume><issue>7640</issue><fpage>186</fpage><lpage>190</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1038/nature21039</pmc-comment>
<permissions><license license-type="permissions-link"><license-p>Reprints and permissions information is available at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/reprints">www.nature.com/reprints</ext-link>.</license-p><license-p>Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms">http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><title>Summary</title><p id="P1">Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ∼700 common associated variants identified so far through genome-wide association studies. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequencies (range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 cm/allele (<italic>e.g.</italic> in <italic>IHH</italic>, <italic>STC2</italic>, <italic>AR</italic> and <italic>CRISPLD2</italic>), >10 times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of <italic>STC2</italic> (+1-2 cm/allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 <italic>in vitro</italic>, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (<italic>e.g. ADAMTS3, IL11RA, NOX4</italic>) and pathways (<italic>e.g.</italic> proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate to large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><body><sec sec-type="intro" id="S1"><title>Introduction</title><p id="P2">Human height is a highly heritable, polygenic trait<sup><xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>,<xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref></sup>. The contribution of common DNA sequence variation to inter-individual differences in adult height has been systematically evaluated through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This approach has thus far identified 697 independent variants located within 423 loci that together explain ∼20% of the heritability of height<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>. As is typical of complex traits and diseases, most of the height alleles discovered so far are common (minor allele frequency (MAF) >5%) and are mainly located outside coding regions, complicating the identification of the relevant genes or functional variants. Identifying coding variants associated with a complex trait in new or known loci has the potential to pinpoint causal genes. Furthermore, the extent to which rare (MAF <1%) and low-frequency (1%< MAF ≤ 5%) coding variants also influence complex traits and diseases remains an open question. Many recent DNA sequencing studies have identified only few such variants<sup><xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>-<xref rid="R8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup>, but this limited success could be due to their modest sample size<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup>. Some studies have suggested that common sequence variants may explain the majority of the heritable variation in adult height<sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup>, making it timely to assess whether and to what extent rare and low-frequency coding variation contributes to the genetic landscape of this model polygenic trait.</p><p id="P3">In this study, we used an ExomeChip<sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup> to test the association between 241,453 variants (83% coding with MAF ≤5%) and adult height variation in 711,428 individuals (discovery and validation sample sizes were 458,927 and 252,501, respectively). The ExomeChip is a genotyping array designed to query in very large sample sizes coding variants identified by whole-exome DNA sequencing of ∼12,000 participants. The main goals of our project were to determine whether rare and low-frequency coding variants influence the architecture of a model complex human trait, such as adult height, and to discover and characterize new genes and biological pathways implicated in human growth.</p></sec><sec sec-type="results" id="S2"><title>Results</title><sec id="S3"><title>32 rare and 51 low-frequency coding variants associated with adult height</title><p id="P4">We conducted single-variant meta-analyses in a discovery sample of 458,927 individuals, of whom 381,625 were of European ancestry. We validated our association results in an independent set of 252,501 participants. We first performed standard single-variant association analyses; technical details of the discovery and validation steps are in Methods (<xref rid="F1" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Figs 1</xref>-<xref rid="F3" ref-type="fig">3</xref>, <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-11</xref>). In total, we found 606 independent ExomeChip variants at array-wide significance (<italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>), including 252 non-synonymous or splice site variants (Methods and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 11</xref>). Focusing on non-synonymous or splice site variants with MAF <5%, our single-variant analyses identified 32 rare and 51 low-frequency height-associated variants (<xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Extended Data Tables 1</xref>-<xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">2</xref>). To date, these 83 height variants (MAF range 0.1-4.8%) represent the largest set of validated rare and low-frequency coding variants associated with any complex human trait or disease. Among these 83 variants, there are 81 missense, one nonsense (in <italic>CCND3</italic>), and one essential acceptor splice site (in <italic>ARMC5</italic>) variants.</p><p id="P5">We observed a strong inverse relationship between MAF and effect size (<xref rid="F9" ref-type="fig">Fig. 1</xref>). Although power limits our capacity to find rare variants of small effects, we know that common variants with effect sizes comparable to the largest seen in our study would have been easily discovered by prior GWAS, but were not detected. Our results agree with a model based on accumulating theoretical and empirical evidences that suggest that variants with strong phenotypic effects are more likely to be deleterious, and therefore rarer<sup><xref rid="R12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>,<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup>. The largest effect sizes were observed for four rare missense variants, located in the androgen receptor gene <italic>AR</italic> (rs137852591, MAF=0.21%, <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub>=2.7×10<sup>-14</sup>), in <italic>CRISPLD2</italic> (rs148934412, MAF=0.08%, <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub>=2.4×10<sup>-20</sup>), in <italic>IHH</italic> (rs142036701, MAF=0.08%, <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub>=1.9×10<sup>-23</sup>), and in <italic>STC2</italic> (rs148833559, MAF=0.1%, <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub>=1.2×10<sup>-30</sup>). Carriers of the rare <italic>STC2</italic> missense variant are ∼2.1 cm taller than non-carriers, whereas carriers of the remaining three variants (or hemizygous men that carry the X-linked <italic>AR</italic>-rs137852591 rare allele) are ∼2 cm shorter than non-carriers. In comparison, the mean effect size of common height alleles is ten times smaller in the same dataset. Across all 83 rare and low-frequency non-synonymous variants, the minor alleles were evenly distributed between height-increasing and -decreasing effects (48% vs. 52%, respectively) (<xref rid="F9" ref-type="fig">Fig. 1</xref> and <xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Extended Data Tables 1</xref>-<xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">2</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Coding variants in new and known height loci, and heritability explained</title><p id="P6">Many of the height-associated variants in this ExomeChip effort are located near common variants previously associated with height. Of the 83 rare and low-frequency non-synonymous variants, two low-frequency missense variants were previously identified (in <italic>CYTL1</italic> and <italic>IL11</italic>)<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="R14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref></sup> and 47 fell within 1 Mb of a known height signal; the remaining 34 define new loci. We used conditional analysis in the UK Biobank dataset and confirmed that 38 of these 47 variants were independent from the previously described height SNPs (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 12</xref>). We validated the UK Biobank conditional results using an orthogonal imputation-based methodology implemented in the full discovery set (<xref rid="F4" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 4</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 12</xref>). In addition, we found a further 85 common variants and one low-frequency synonymous variant (in <italic>ACHE</italic>) that define novel loci (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 12</xref>). Thus, our study identified a total of 120 new height loci (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 11</xref>).</p><p id="P7">We used the UK Biobank dataset to estimate the contribution of the new height variants to heritability, which is <italic>h</italic><sup>2</sup>∼80% for adult height<sup><xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref></sup>. In combination, the 83 rare and low-frequency variants explained 1.7% of the heritability of height. The newly identified novel common variants accounted for another 2.4%, and all independent variants, known and novel together explained 27.4% of heritability. By comparison, the 697 known height SNPs explain 23.3% of height heritability in the same dataset (vs. 4.1% by the new height variants identified in this ExomeChip study). We observed a modest positive association between MAF and heritability explained per variant (<italic>P</italic>=0.012, <xref rid="F5" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 5</xref>), with each common variant explaining slightly more heritability than rare or low-frequency variants (0.036% vs. 0.026%, <xref rid="F5" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 5</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Gene-based association results</title><p id="P8">To increase power to find rare or low-frequency coding variants associated with height, we performed gene-based analyses (Methods and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 13-15</xref>). After accounting for gene-based signals explained by a single variant driving the association statistics, we identified ten genes with <italic>P</italic><5×10<sup>-7</sup> that harbor more than one coding variant independently associated with height variation (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 16-17</xref>). These gene-based results remained significant after conditioning on genotypes at nearby common height-associated variants present on the ExomeChip (<xref rid="T3" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). Using the same gene-based tests in an independent dataset of 59,804 individuals genotyped on the same exome array, we replicated three genes at <italic>P</italic><0.05 (<xref rid="T3" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). Further evidence for replication in these genes was seen at the level of single variants (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 18</xref>). From the gene-based results, three genes – <italic>CSAD</italic>, <italic>NOX4</italic>, and <italic>UGGT2</italic> – fell outside of the loci found by single-variant analyses and are implicated in human height for the first time.</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Coding variants implicate biological pathways in human skeletal growth</title><p id="P9">Prior pathway analyses of height loci identified by GWAS have highlighted gene sets related to both general biological processes (such as chromatin modification and regulation of embryonic size) and more skeletal growth-specific pathways (chondrocyte biology, extracellular matrix (ECM), and skeletal development)<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>. We used two different methods, DEPICT<sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref></sup> and PASCAL<sup><xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup> (Methods), to perform pathway analyses using the ExomeChip results to test whether coding variants could either independently confirm the relevance of these previously highlighted pathways (and further implicate specific genes in these pathways), or identify new pathways. To compare the pathways emerging from coding and non-coding variation, we applied DEPICT separately on (1) exome array-wide associated coding variants independent of known GWAS signals and (2) non-coding GWAS loci, excluding all novel height-associated genes implicated by coding variants. We identified a total of 496 and 1,623 enriched gene sets, respectively, at a false discovery rate (FDR) <1% (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 19-20</xref>); similar analyses with PASCAL yielded 362 and 278 enriched gene sets (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 21-22</xref>). Comparison of the results revealed a high degree of shared biology for coding and non-coding variants (for DEPICT, gene set P-values compared between coding and non-coding results had Pearson's r = 0.583, <italic>P</italic><2.2×10<sup>-16</sup>; for PASCAL, Pearson's r=0.605, <italic>P</italic><2.2×10<sup>-16</sup>). However, some pathways showed stronger enrichment with either coding or non-coding genetic variation. In general, coding variants more strongly implicated pathways specific to skeletal growth (such as ECM and bone growth), while GWAS signals highlighted more global biological processes (such as transcription factor binding and embryonic size/lethality) (<xref rid="F6" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 6</xref>). The two significant gene sets identified by DEPICT and PASCAL that uniquely implicated coding variants were “BCAN protein protein interaction subnetwork” and “proteoglycan binding.” Both of these pathways relate to the biology of proteoglycans, which are proteins (such as aggrecan) that contain glycosaminoglycans (such as chrondroitin sulfate) and that have well-established connections to skeletal growth<sup><xref rid="R17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref></sup>.</p><p id="P10">We also examined which height-associated genes identified by ExomeChip analyses were driving enrichment of pathways such as proteoglycan binding. Using unsupervised clustering analysis, we observed that a cluster of 15 height-associated genes is strongly implicated in a group of correlated pathways that include biology related to proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans (<xref rid="F10" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2</xref> and <xref rid="F7" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 7</xref>). Seven of these 15 genes overlap a previously curated list of 277 genes annotated in OMIM as causing skeletal growth disorders<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>; genes in this small cluster are enriched for OMIM annotations relative to genes outside the cluster (odds ratio=27.6, Fisher's exact <italic>P</italic>=1.1×10<sup>-5</sup>). As such, the remaining genes in this cluster may be strong candidates for harboring variants that cause Mendelian growth disorders. Within this group are genes that are largely uncharacterized (<italic>SUSD5</italic>), have relevant biochemical functions (<italic>GLT8D2</italic>, a glycosyl transferase studied mostly in the context of the liver<sup><xref rid="R18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref></sup>; <italic>LOXL4</italic>, a lysyl oxidase expressed in cartilage<sup><xref rid="R19" ref-type="bibr">19</xref></sup>), modulate pathways known to affect skeletal growth (<italic>FIBIN, SFRP4</italic>)<sup><xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>,<xref rid="R21" ref-type="bibr">21</xref></sup> or lead to increased body length when knocked out in mice (<italic>SFRP4</italic>)<sup><xref rid="R22" ref-type="bibr">22</xref></sup>.</p></sec><sec id="S7"><title>Functional characterization of rare STC2 variants</title><p id="P11">To begin exploring whether the identified rare coding variants affect protein function, we performed <italic>in vitro</italic> functional analyses of two rare coding variants in a particularly compelling and novel candidate gene, <italic>STC2</italic>. Over-expression of <italic>STC2</italic> diminishes growth in mice by covalent binding and inhibition of the proteinase PAPP-A, which specifically cleaves IGF binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), leading to reduced levels of bioactive insulin-like growth factors (<xref rid="F11" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3A</xref>)<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup>. Although there was no prior genetic evidence implicating <italic>STC2</italic> variation in human growth, the <italic>PAPPA</italic> and <italic>IGFBP4</italic> genes were both implicated in height GWAS<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>, and rare mutations in <italic>PAPPA2</italic> cause severe short stature<sup><xref rid="R24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref></sup>, emphasizing the likely relevance of this pathway in humans. The two <italic>STC2</italic> height-associated variants are rs148833559 (p.Arg44Leu, MAF=0.096%, <italic>P</italic><sub>discovery</sub>=5.7×10<sup>-15</sup>) and rs146441603 (p.Met86Ile, MAF=0.14%, <italic>P</italic><sub>discovery</sub>=2.1×10<sup>-5</sup>). These rare alleles increase height by 1.9 and 0.9 cm, respectively, suggesting that they both partially impair STC2 activity. In functional studies, STC2 with these amino acid substitutions were expressed at similar levels to wild-type, but showed clear, partial defects in binding to PAPP-A and in inhibition of PAPP-A-mediated cleavage of IGFBP-4 (<xref rid="F11" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3B-D</xref>). Thus, the genetic analysis successfully identified rare coding alleles that have demonstrable and predicted functional consequences, strongly confirming the role of these variants and the <italic>STC2</italic> gene in human growth.</p></sec><sec id="S8"><title>Pleiotropic effects</title><p id="P12">Previous GWAS studies have reported pleiotropic or secondary effects on other phenotypes for many common variants associated with adult height<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="R25" ref-type="bibr">25</xref></sup>. Using association results from 17 human complex phenotypes for which well-powered meta-analysis results were available, we explored if rare and low-frequency height variants are also pleiotropic. We found one rare and five low-frequency missense variants associated with at least one of the other investigated traits at array-wide significance (<italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>)(<xref rid="F8" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 8</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 23</xref>). The minor alleles at rs77542162 (<italic>ABCA6</italic>, MAF=1.7%) and rs28929474 (<italic>SERPINA1</italic>, MAF=1.8%) were associated with increased height and increased levels of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC), whereas the minor allele at rs3208856 in <italic>CBLC</italic> (MAF=3.4%) was associated with increased height, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), but lower LDL-C and TC levels. The minor allele at rs141845046 (<italic>ZBTB7B,</italic> MAF=2.8%) was associated with both increased height and body mass index (BMI). The minor alleles at the other two missense variants associated with shorter stature, rs201226914 in <italic>PIEZO1</italic> (MAF=0.2%) and rs35658696 in <italic>PAM</italic> (MAF=4.8%), were associated with decreased glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, respectively.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="discussion" id="S9"><title>Discussion</title><p id="P13">We undertook an association study of nearly 200,000 coding variants in 711,428 individuals, and identified 32 rare and 51 low-frequency coding variants associated with adult height. Furthermore, gene-based testing discovered 10 genes that harbor several additional rare/low-frequency variants associated with height, including three genes (<italic>CSAD</italic>, <italic>NOX4</italic>, <italic>UGGT2</italic>) in loci not previously implicated in height. Given the design of the ExomeChip, which did not consider variants with MAF <0.004% (or one allele in ∼12,000 participants), our gene-based association results do not rule out the possibility that additional genes with such rarer coding variants also contribute to height variation; deep DNA sequencing in very large sample sizes will be required to address this question. In total, our results highlight 89 genes (10 from gene-based testing and 79 from single-variant analyses (four genes have 2 independent coding variants)) that are likely to modulate human growth, and 24 alleles segregating in the general population that affect height by more than 1 cm (<xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Extended Data Tables 1</xref>-<xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">2</xref> and <xref rid="T3" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). The rare and low-frequency coding variants explain 1.7% of the heritable variation in adult height. When considering all rare, low-frequency, and common height-associated variants validated in this study, we can now explain 27.4% of the heritability.</p><p id="P14">Our analyses revealed many coding variants in genes mutated in monogenic skeletal growth disorders, confirming the presence of allelic series (from familial penetrant mutations to mild effect common variants) in the same genes for related growth phenotypes in humans. We used gene set enrichment-type analyses to demonstrate the functional connectivity between the genes that harbor coding height variants, highlighting known as well as novel biological pathways that regulate height in humans (<xref rid="F10" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2</xref>, <xref rid="F7" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 7</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 19-22</xref>), and newly implicating genes such as <italic>SUSD5, GLT8D2</italic>, <italic>LOXL4</italic>, <italic>FIBIN,</italic> and <italic>SFRP4</italic> that have not been previously connected with skeletal growth. Additional interesting height candidate genes include <italic>NOX4</italic>, <italic>ADAMTS3</italic> and <italic>ADAMTS6, PTH1R,</italic> and <italic>IL11RA</italic> (<xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Extended Data Tables 1</xref>-<xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">2</xref>, <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 17 and 24</xref>). <italic>NOX4</italic>, identified through gene-based testing, encodes NADPH oxidase 4, an enzyme that produces reactive oxygen species, a biological pathway not previously implicated in human growth. <italic>Nox4</italic><sup>-/-</sup> mice display higher bone density and reduced numbers of osteoclasts, a cell type essential for bone repair, maintenance, and remodelling12. We also found rare coding variants in <italic>ADAMTS3</italic> and <italic>ADAMTS6</italic>, genes that encode metalloproteinases that belong to the same family than several other human growth syndromic genes (e.g. <italic>ADAMTS2</italic>, <italic>ADAMTS10</italic>, <italic>ADAMTSL2</italic>). Moreover, we discovered a rare missense variant in <italic>PTH1R</italic> that encodes a receptor of the parathyroid hormone (PTH): PTH-PTH1R signaling is important for bone resorption and mutations in <italic>PTH1R</italic> cause chondrodysplasia in humans<sup><xref rid="R26" ref-type="bibr">26</xref></sup>. Finally, we replicated the association between a low-frequency missense variant in the cytokine gene <italic>IL11</italic>, but also found a new low-frequency missense variant in its receptor gene <italic>IL11RA</italic>. The IL11-IL11RA axis has been shown to play an important role in bone formation in the mouse<sup><xref rid="R27" ref-type="bibr">27</xref>,<xref rid="R28" ref-type="bibr">28</xref></sup>. Thus, our data confirm the relevance of this signaling cascade in human growth as well.</p><p id="P15">Overall, our findings provide strong evidence that rare and low-frequency coding variants contribute to the genetic architecture of height, a model complex human trait. This conclusion has strong implications for the prediction of complex human phenotypes in the context of precision medicine initiatives. Indeed, although rare, large effect size variants might not explain most of the heritable disease risk at the population level, they are important to predict the risk to develop disease for individuals that carry them. Our findings also seem to contrast sharply with results from the recent large-scale T2D association study, which found only six variants with MAF <5% (ref. <sup><xref rid="R29" ref-type="bibr">29</xref></sup>). This apparent difference could simply be explained by the large difference in sample sizes between the two studies (711,428 for height vs. 127,145 for T2D). When we consider the fraction of associated variants with MAF<5% among all confirmed variants for height and T2D, we find that it is similar (9.7% for height vs. 7.1% for T2D). This supports the strong probability that rarer T2D alleles and more generally, rarer alleles for other polygenic diseases and traits, will be uncovered as sample sizes continue to increase.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods" id="S10"><title>Methods</title><sec id="S11" sec-type="methods|subjects"><title>Study design & participants</title><p id="P16">The discovery cohort consisted of 147 studies comprising 458,927 adult individuals of the following ancestries: 1) European descent (N=381,625), 2) African (N=27,494), 3) South Asian (N=29,591), 4) East Asian (N=8,767); 5) Hispanic (N=10,776) and 6) Saudi (N=695). All participating institutions and coordinating centers approved this project, and informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Discovery meta-analysis was carried out in each ancestry group (except the Saudi) separately as well as in the All group. Validation was undertaken in individuals of European ancestry only (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-3</xref>). Conditional analyses were undertaken only in the European descent group (106 studies, N=381,625).</p></sec><sec id="S12"><title>Phenotype</title><p id="P17">Height (in centimeters) was corrected for age and the genomic principal components (derived from GWAS data, the variants with MAF >1% on ExomeChip, or ancestry informative markers available on the ExomeChip), as well as any additional study-specific covariates (e.g. recruiting center), in a linear regression separately by sex, whereas for family-based studies sex was included as a covariate in model. For studies with non-related individuals, residuals were calculated the model. Additionally, residuals for case/control studies were calculated separately. Finally, residuals were subject to inverse normal transformation.</p></sec><sec id="S13"><title>Genotype calling</title><p id="P18">The majority of studies followed a standardized protocol and performed genotype calling using the designated manufacturer software, which was then followed by zCall<sup><xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref></sup>. For 10 studies participating in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium, the raw intensity data for the samples from seven genotyping centers were assembled into a single project for joint calling<sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup>. Study-specific quality control (QC) measures of the genotyped variants was implemented before association analysis (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-2</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S14"><title>Study-level statistical analyses</title><p id="P19">Individual cohorts were analyzed separately for each ancestry population, with either RAREMETALWORKER (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETALWORKER">http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETALWORKER</ext-link>) or RVTEST (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://zhanxw.github.io/rvtests/">http://zhanxw.github.io/rvtests/</ext-link>), to associate inverse normal transformed height data with genotype data taking potential cryptic relatedness (kinship matrix) into account in a linear mixed model. These software are designed to perform score-statistics based rare-variant association analysis, can accommodate both unrelated and related individuals, and provide single-variant results and variance-covariance matrix. The covariance matrix captures linkage disequilibrium (LD) relationships between markers within 1 Mb, which is used for gene-level meta-analyses and conditional analyses<sup><xref rid="R32" ref-type="bibr">32</xref></sup>. Single-variant analyses were performed for both additive and recessive models (for the alternate allele).</p></sec><sec id="S15"><title>Centralized quality-control</title><p id="P20">The individual study data were investigated for potential existence of ancestry population outliers based on 1000 Genome Project phase 1 ancestry reference populations. A centralized QC procedure implemented in EasyQC<sup><xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref></sup> was applied to individual study association summary statistics to identify outlying studies: (1) assessment of possible problems in height transformation,(2) comparison of allele frequency alignment against 1000 Genomes Project phase 1 reference data to pinpoint any potential strand issues, and (3) examination of quantile-quantile (QQ) plots per study to identify any problems arising from population stratification, cryptic relatedness and genotype biases. We excluded variants if they had call rate <95%, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium <italic>P</italic><1×10<sup>-7</sup>, or large allele frequency deviations from reference populations (>0.6 for all ancestry analyses and >0.3 for ancestry-specific population analyses). We also excluded from downstream analyses markers not present on the Illumina ExomeChip array 1.0, variants on the Y-chromosome or the mitochondrial genome, indels, multiallelic variants, and problematic variants based on the Blat-based sequence alignment analyses. Meta-analyses were carried out in parallel by two different analysts at two sites.</p></sec><sec id="S16"><title>Single-variant meta-analyses</title><sec id="S17"><title>Discovery analyses</title><p id="P21">We conducted single-variant meta-analyses in a discovery sample of 458,927 individuals of different ancestries using both additive and recessive genetic models (<xref rid="F1" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 1</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-4</xref>). Significance for single-variant analyses was defined at array-wide level (<italic>P</italic><2×10-7, Bonferroni correction for 250,000 variants). The combined additive analyses identified 1,455 unique variants that reached array-wide significance (<italic>P</italic><2×10-7), including 578 non-synonymous and splice site variants (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 5-7</xref>). Under the additive model, we observed a high genomic inflation of the test statistics (<italic>e.g.</italic> λ<sub>GC</sub> of 2.7 in European-ancestry studies for common markers, <xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 8</xref>), although validation results (see below) and additional sensitivity analyses (see below) suggested that it is consistent with polygenic inheritance as opposed to population stratification, cryptic relatedness, or technical artifacts (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref>). The majority of these 1,455 association signals (1,241; 85.3%) were found in the European-ancestry meta-analysis (85.5% of the discovery sample size) (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref>). Nevertheless, we discovered eight associations within five loci in our all-ancestry analyses that are driven by African studies (including one missense variant in the growth hormone gene <italic>GH1</italic> (rs151263636), <xref rid="F3" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 3</xref>), three height variants found only in African studies, and one rare missense marker associated with height in South Asians only (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 7</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S18"><title>Genomic inflation and confounding</title><p id="P22">We observed a marked genomic inflation of the test statistics even after adequate control for population stratification (linear mixed model) arising mainly from common markers; λ<sub>GC</sub> in European-ancestry was 1.2 and 2.7 for all and common markers, respectively (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 8</xref>). Such inflation is expected for a highly polygenic trait like height, and is consistent with our very large sample size<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup>. To confirm this, we applied the recently developed linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression method to our height ExomeChip results<sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup>, with the caveats that the method was developed (and tested) with >200,000 common markers available. We restricted our analyses to 15,848 common variants (MAF ≥5%) from the European-ancestry meta-analysis, and matched them to pre-computed LD scores for the European reference dataset<sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup>. The intercept of the regression of the χ<sup>2</sup> statistics from the height meta-analysis on the LD score estimate the inflation in the mean χ<sup>2</sup> due to confounding bias, such as cryptic relatedness or population stratification. The intercept was 1.4 (standard error=0.07), which is small when compared to the λ<sub>GC</sub> of 2.7. Furthermore, we also confirmed that the LD score regression intercept is estimated upward because of the small number of variants on the ExomeChip and the selection criteria for these variants (<italic>i.e.</italic> known GWAS hits). The ratio statistic of (intercept -1) / (mean χ<sup>2</sup> -1) is 0.067 (standard error=0.012), well within the normal range<sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup>, suggesting that most of the inflation (∼93%) observed in the height association statistics is due to polygenic effects (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref>).</p><p id="P23">Furthermore, to exclude the possibility that some of the observed associations between height and rare/low-frequency variants could be due to allele calling problems in the smaller studies, we performed a sensitivity meta-analysis with primarily Europe-ancestry studies totaling >5,000 participants. We found very concordant effect sizes, suggesting that smaller studies do not bias our results (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 2</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S19"><title>Conditional analyses</title><p id="P24">The RAREMETAL R-package<sup><xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref></sup> and the GCTA v1.24<sup><xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref></sup> software were used to identify independent height association signals across the European descent meta-analysis results. RAREMETAL performs conditional analyses by using covariance matrices in order to distinguish true signals from those driven by LD at adjacent known variants. First, we identified the lead variants (<italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>) based on a 1 Mb window centered on the most significantly associated variant and performed LD pruning (<italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup><0.3) to avoid downstream problems in the conditional analyses due to co-linearity. We then conditioned on the LD-pruned set of lead variants in RAREMETAL and kept new lead signals at <italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>. The process was repeated until no additional signal emerged below the pre-specified P-value threshold. The use of a 1 Mb window in RAREMETAL can obscure dependence between conditional signals in adjacent intervals in regions of extended LD. To detect such instances, we performed joint analyses using GCTA with the ARIC and UK ExomeChip reference panels, both of which comprise >10,000 individuals of European descent. With the exception of a handful of variants in a few genomic regions with extended LD (<italic>e.g.</italic> the HLA region on chromosome 6), the two software identified the same independent signals (at <italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>).</p><p id="P25">To discover new height variants, we conditioned the height variants found in our ExomeChip study on the previously published GWAS height variants<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup> using the first release of the UK Biobank imputed dataset and regression methodology implemented in BOLT-LMM<sup><xref rid="R37" ref-type="bibr">37</xref></sup>. Because of the difference between the sample size of our discovery set (N=458,927) and the UK Biobank (first release, N=120,084), we applied a threshold of <italic>P</italic><sub>conditional</sub><0.05 to declare a height variant as independent in this analysis. We also explored an alternative approach based on approximate conditional analysis<sup><xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref></sup>. This latter method (SSimp) relies on summary statistics available from the same cohort, thus we first imputed summary statistics<sup><xref rid="R38" ref-type="bibr">38</xref></sup> for exome variants, using summary statistics from the Wood <italic>et al</italic>. 2014 study<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>. Conversely, we imputed the top variants from the Wood <italic>et al</italic>. 2014 study using the summary statistics from the ExomeChip. Subsequently, we calculated effect sizes for each exome variant conditioned on the Wood et al. 2014 top variants in two ways. First, we conditioned the imputed summary statistics of the exome variant on the summary statistics of the Wood et al. 2014 top variants that fell within 5 Mb of the target ExomeChip variant. Second, we conditioned the summary statistics of the ExomeChip variant on the imputed summary statistics of the Wood et <italic>al</italic>. 2014 hits. We then selected the option that yielded a higher imputation quality. For poorly tagged variants (<italic>r̂</italic><sup>2</sup> < 0.8), we simply used up-sampled HapMap summary statistics for the approximate conditional analysis. Pairwise SNP-by-SNP correlations were estimated from the UK10K data (TwinsUK<sup><xref rid="R39" ref-type="bibr">39</xref></sup> and ALSPAC<sup><xref rid="R40" ref-type="bibr">40</xref></sup> studies, N=3,781).</p></sec><sec id="S20" sec-type="results"><title>Validation of the single-variant discovery results</title><p id="P26">Several studies, totaling 252,501 independent individuals of European ancestry, became available after the completion of the discovery analyses, and were thus used for validation of our experiment. We validated the single-variant association results in eight studies, totaling 59,804 participants, genotyped on the Exomechip using RAREMETAL<sup><xref rid="R32" ref-type="bibr">32</xref></sup>. We sought additional evidence for association for the top signals in two independent studies in the UK (UK Biobank) and Iceland (deCODE), comprising 120,084 and 72,613 individuals, respectively. We used the same QC and analytical methodology as described above. Genotyping and study descriptives are provided in <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-3</xref>. For the combined analysis, we used the inverse-variance weighted fixed effects meta-analysis method using METAL<sup><xref rid="R41" ref-type="bibr">41</xref></sup>. Significant associations were defined as those with a combined meta-analysis (discovery and validation) <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub><2×10<sup>-7</sup>.</p><p id="P27">We considered 81 variants with suggestive association in the discovery analyses (2×10<sup>-7</sup><<italic>P</italic><sub>discovery</sub>≤2×10<sup>-6</sup>). Of those 81 variants, 55 reached significance after combining discovery and replication results based on <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub><2×10<sup>-7</sup> (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 9</xref>). Furthermore, recessive modeling confirmed seven new independent markers with <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub><2×10<sup>-7</sup> (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 10</xref>). One of these recessive signals is due to a rare X-linked variant in the <italic>AR</italic> gene (rs137852591, MAF=0.21%). Because of its frequency, we only tested hemizygous men (we did not identify homozygous women for the minor allele) so we cannot distinguish between a true recessive mode of inheritance or a sex-specific effect for this variant. To test the independence and integrate all height markers from the discovery and validation phase, we used conditional analyses and GCTA “joint” modeling<sup><xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref></sup> in the combined discovery and validation set. This resulted in the identification of 606 independent height variants, including 252 non-synonymous or splice site variants (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 11</xref>). If we only consider the initial set of lead SNPs with <italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>, we identified 561 independent variants. Of these 561 variants (selected without the validation studies), 560 have concordant direction of effect between the discovery and validation studies, and 548 variants have a <italic>P</italic><sub>validation</sub><0.05 (466 variants with <italic>P</italic><sub>validation</sub><8.9×10<sup>-5</sup>, Bonferroni correction for 561 tests), suggesting a very low false discovery rate (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 11</xref>).</p></sec></sec><sec id="S21"><title>Gene-based association meta-analyses</title><p id="P28">For the gene-based analyses, we applied two different sets of criteria to select variants, based on coding variant annotation from five prediction algorithms (PolyPhen2 HumDiv and HumVar, LRT, Mutation Taster and SIFT)<sup><xref rid="R42" ref-type="bibr">42</xref></sup>. The mask labeled <italic>“broad”</italic> included variants with a MAF <0.05 that are nonsense, stop-loss, splice site, as well as missense variants that are annotated as damaging by at least one program mentioned above. The mask labeled <italic>“strict”</italic> included only variants with MAF <0.05 that are nonsense, stop-loss, splice site, as well as missense variants annotated as damaging by all five algorithms. We used two tests for gene-based testing, namely the SKAT<sup><xref rid="R43" ref-type="bibr">43</xref></sup> and VT<sup><xref rid="R44" ref-type="bibr">44</xref></sup> tests. Statistical significance for gene-based tests was set at a Bonferroni-corrected threshold of <italic>P</italic><5×10<sup>-7</sup> (threshold for 25,000 genes and four tests). The gene-based discovery results were validated (same test and variants, when possible) in the same eight studies genotyped on the ExomeChip (N=59,804 participants) that were used for the validation of the single-variant results (see above, and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Tables 1-3</xref>). Gene-based conditional analyses were performed in RAREMETAL.</p></sec><sec id="S22"><title>Pleiotropy analyses</title><p id="P29">We accessed ExomeChip data from GIANT (BMI, waist-hip ratio), GLGC (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C)), IBPC (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), MAGIC (glycaemic traits), REPROGEN (age at menarche and menopause), and DIAGRAM (type 2 diabetes). For coronary artery disease, we accessed 1000 Genomes Project-imputed GWAS data released by CARDIoGRAMplusC4D<sup><xref rid="R45" ref-type="bibr">45</xref></sup>.</p></sec><sec id="S23"><title>Pathway analyses</title><p id="P30">DEPICT is a computational framework that uses probabilistically-defined reconstituted gene sets to perform gene set enrichment and gene prioritization<sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref></sup>. For a description about gene set reconstitution please refer to references <sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref> and <xref rid="R46" ref-type="bibr">46</xref></sup>. In brief, reconstitution was performed by extending pre-defined gene sets (such as Gene Ontology terms, canonical pathways, protein-protein interaction subnetworks and rodent phenotypes) with genes co-regulated with genes in these pre-defined gene set using large-scale microarray-based transcriptomics data. In order to adapt the gene set enrichment part of DEPICT for ExomeChip data, we made two principal changes. First and foremost, because DEPICT for GWAS incorporates all genes within a given LD block around each index SNP, we modified DEPICT to take as input only the gene directly impacted by the coding SNP. Second, we adapted the way DEPICT adjust for confounders (such as gene length) by generating null ExomeChip association results using Swedish ExomeChip data (Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC), All New Diabetics in Scania (ANDIS), and Scania Diabetes Registry (SDR) cohorts, N=11,899) and randomly assigning phenotypes from a normal distribution before conducting association analysis (see <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>). For the gene set enrichment analysis of the ExomeChip data, we used significant non-synonymous variants statistically independent of known GWAS hits (and that were present in the null ExomeChip data; see <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref> for details). For gene set enrichment analysis of the GWAS data, we used all loci (1) with a non-coding index SNP and (2) that did not contain any of the novel ExomeChip genes. In visualizing the analysis, we used affinity propagation clustering<sup><xref rid="R47" ref-type="bibr">47</xref></sup> to group the most similar reconstituted gene sets based on their gene memberships (see <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>). Within a “meta-gene set”, the best P-value of any member gene set was used as representative for comparison. DEPICT for ExomeChip was written using the Python programming language and the code can be found at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://github.com/RebeccaFine/height-ec-depict">https://github.com/RebeccaFine/height-ec-depict</ext-link>.</p><p id="P31">We also applied the PASCAL pathway analysis tool<sup><xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup> to association summary statistics for all coding variants. In brief, the method derives gene-based scores (both SUM and MAX statistics) and subsequently tests for the over-representation of high gene scores in predefined biological pathways. We used standard pathway libraries from KEGG, REACTOME and BIOCARTA, and also added dichotomized (Z-score>3) reconstituted gene sets from DEPICT<sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref></sup>. To accurately estimate SNP-by-SNP correlations even for rare variants, we used the UK10K data (TwinsUK<sup><xref rid="R39" ref-type="bibr">39</xref></sup> and ALSPAC<sup><xref rid="R40" ref-type="bibr">40</xref></sup> studies, N=3781). In order to separate the contribution of regulatory variants from the coding variants, we also applied PASCAL to association summary statistics of only regulatory variants (20 kb upstream, gene body excluded) from the Wood <italic>et al</italic>. study<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>. In this way, we could classify pathways driven principally by coding, regulatory or mixed signals.</p></sec><sec id="S24"><title>STC2 functional experiments</title><sec id="S25"><title>Mutagenesis, cell culture and transfection</title><p id="P32">For the generation of STC2 mutants (R44L and M86I), wild-type STC2 cDNA contained in pcDNA3.1/Myc-His(-) (Invitrogen)<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup> was used as a template. Mutagenesis was carried out using Quickchange (Stratagene), and all constructs were verified by sequence analysis. Recombinant wild-type STC2 and variants were expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells (293tsA1609neo, ATCC CRL-3216) maintained in high-glucose DMEM supplemented 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM glutamine, nonessential amino acids, and gentamicin. The cells are routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination. Cells (6×10<sup>6</sup>) were plated onto 10 cm-dishes and transfected 18 h later by calcium phosphate coprecipitation using 10 μg plasmid DNA. Media were harvested 48 h post transfection, cleared by centrifugation, and stored at -20°C until use. Protein concentrations (58-66 nM) were determined by TRIFMA using antibodies described previously<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup>. PAPP-A was expressed stably in HEK293T cells as previously reported<sup><xref rid="R48" ref-type="bibr">48</xref></sup>. Expressed levels of PAPP-A (27.5 nM) were determined by a commercial ELISA (AL-101, Ansh Labs, TX).</p></sec><sec id="S26"><title>STC2 and PAPP-A complex formation</title><p id="P33">Culture supernatants containing wild-type STC2 or variants were adjusted to 58 nM, added an equal volume of culture supernatant containing PAPP-A corresponding to a 2.1-fold molar excess, and incubated at 37°C. Samples were taken at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, and 24 h and stored at -20°C.</p></sec><sec id="S27"><title>Analysis of proteolytic activity</title><p id="P34">Specific proteolytic cleavage of <sup>125</sup>I-labeled IGFBP-4 is described in detail elsewhere<sup><xref rid="R49" ref-type="bibr">49</xref></sup>. Briefly, the PAPP-A:STC2 complex mixtures were diluted (1:190) to a concentration of 145 pM PAPP-A and mixed with preincubated <sup>125</sup>I-IGFBP4 (10 nM) and IGF-1 (100 nM) in 50 mM Tris-HCl, 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM CaCl<sub>2</sub>. Following 1 h incubation at 37°C, reactions were terminated by the addition of SDS-PAGE sample buffer supplemented with 25 mM EDTA. Substrate and co-migrating cleavage products were separated by 12% nonreducing SDS-PAGE and visualized by autoradiography using a storage phosphor screen (GE Healthcare) and a Typhoon imaging system (GE Healthcare). Band intensities were quantified using ImageQuant TL 8.1 software (GE Healthcare).</p></sec><sec id="S28"><title>Western blotting</title><p id="P35">STC2 and covalent complexes between STC2 and PAPP-A were blotted onto PVDF membranes (Millipore) following separation by 3-8% SDS-PAGE. The membranes were blocked with 2% Tween-20, and equilibrated in 50 mM Tris-HCl, 500 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween-20, pH 9 (TST). For STC2, the membranes were incubated with goat polyclonal anti-STC2 (R&D systems, AF2830) at 0.5 μg/ml in TST supplemented with 2% skim milk for 1 h at 20°C. For PAPP-A:STC2 complexes, the membranes were incubated with rabbit polyclonal anti-PAPP-A<sup><xref rid="R50" ref-type="bibr">50</xref></sup> at 0.63 μg/ml in TST supplemented with 2% skim milk for 16 h at 20°C. Membranes were washed with TST and subsequently incubated with polyclonal swine anti-rabbit IgG-HRP (DAKO, P0217) or polyclonal rabbit anti-goat IgG-HRP (DAKO, P0449), respectively, diluted 1:2000 in TST supplemented with 2% skim milk for 1 h at 20°C. Following washing with TST, membranes were developed using enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL Prime, GE Healthcare). Images were captured using an ImageQuant LAS 4000 instrument (GE Healthcare).</p></sec></sec></sec><sec id="S29"><title>Data Availability Statement</title><p id="P36">Summary genetic association results are available on the GIANT website: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://portals.broadinstitute.org/collaboration/giant/index.php/GIANT_consortium">http://portals.broadinstitute.org/collaboration/giant/index.php/GIANT_consortium</ext-link>.</p></sec><sec id="S30"><title>URLs</title><p id="P37">ClinVar, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/</ext-link></p><p id="P38">DEPICT, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/depict/">http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/depict/</ext-link></p><p id="P39">ExomeChip, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/Exome_Chip_Design">http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/Exome_Chip_Design</ext-link></p><p id="P40">ExomeDEPICT, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://github.com/RebeccaFine/height-ec-depict">https://github.com/RebeccaFine/height-ec-depict</ext-link></p><p id="P41">OMIM, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://omim.org/">http://omim.org/</ext-link></p><p id="P42">PASCAL, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www2.unil.ch/cbg/index.php?title=Pascal">http://www2.unil.ch/cbg/index.php?title=Pascal</ext-link></p><p id="P43">RAREMETALWORKER, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETALWORKER">http://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETALWORKER</ext-link></p><p id="P44">RVTEST, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://zhanxw.github.io/rvtests/">http://zhanxw.github.io/rvtests/</ext-link></p></sec><sec id="S31"><title>Extended Data</title><fig id="F1" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 1</label><caption><p id="P45">Flowchart of the GIANT ExomeChip height study design.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 2</label><caption><p id="P46">Height ExomeChip association results. (<bold>A</bold>) Quantile-quantile plot of ExomeChip variants and their association to adult height under an additive genetic model in individuals of European ancestry. We stratified results based on allele frequency. (<bold>B</bold>) Manhattan plot of all ExomeChip variants and their association to adult height under an additive genetic model in individuals of European ancestry with a focus on the 553 independent SNPs, of which 469 have MAF>5% (grey), 55 have MAF between 1 and 5% (green), and 29 have MAF<1% (blue). (<bold>C</bold>) Linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression analysis for the height association results in European-ancestry studies. In the plot, each point represents an LD Score quantile, where the x-axis of the point is the mean LD Score of variants in that quantile and the y-axis is the mean χ<sup>2</sup> statistic of variants in that quantile. The LD Score regression slope of the black line is calculated based on Equation 1 in Bulik-Sullivan et <italic>al</italic>.<sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup> which is estimated upwards due to the small number of common variants (N=15,848) and the design of the ExomeChip. The LD score regression intercept is 1.4, the λ<sub>GC</sub> is 2.7, the mean χ<sup>2</sup> is 7.0, and the ratio statistic of (intercept -1) / (mean χ<sup>2</sup> -1) is 0.067 (standard error=0.012). (<bold>D</bold>) Scatter plot comparison of the effect sizes for all variants that reached significance in the European-ancestry discovery results (N=381,625) and results including only studies with sample sizes >5000 individuals (N=241,453).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="F3" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 3</label><caption><p id="P47">Height ExomeChip association results in African-ancestry populations. Among the all-ancestry results, we found eight variants for which the genetic association with height is mostly driven by individuals of African ancestry. The minor allele frequency of these variants is <1% (or monomorphic) in all ancestries except African-ancestry individuals. In individuals of African ancestry, the variants had allele frequencies between 9 and 40%.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="F4" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 4</label><caption><p id="P48">Concordance between direct conditional effect sizes using UK Biobank (x-axis) and conditional analysis performed using a combination of imputation-based methodology and approximate conditional analysis (SSimp, y-axis). The Pearson's correlation coefficient is <italic>r</italic>=0.85. The dashed line indicates the identity line. The 95% confidence interval is indicated in both directions. Red, SNPs with <italic>P</italic><sub>cond</sub>>0.05 in the UK Biobank; Green, SNPs with <italic>P</italic><sub>cond</sub>≤0.05 in the UK Biobank.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f4"></graphic></fig><fig id="F5" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 5</label><caption><p id="P49">Heritability estimated for all known height variants in the first release of the UK Biobank dataset. (<bold>A</bold>) We observed a weak but significant positive trend between minor allele frequency (MAF) and heritability explained (<italic>P</italic>=0.012). (<bold>B</bold>) Average heritability explained per variant when stratifying the analyses by allele frequency or genomic annotation. For heritability estimations in UKBB, variants were pruned to <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup>< 0.2 in the 1000 Genomes Project data set, and the heritability figures are based on <italic>h</italic><sup>2</sup>=80% for height.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f5"></graphic></fig><fig id="F6" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 6</label><caption><p id="P50">Comparison of DEPICT gene set enrichment results based on coding variation from ExomeChip (EC) or non-coding variation from genome-wide association study data (GWAS). The x-axis indicates the P-value for enrichment of a given gene set using DEPICT adapted for EC data, where the input to DEPICT is the genes implicated by coding EC variants that are independent of known GWAS signals. The y-axis indicates the P-value for gene set enrichment using DEPICT, using as input the GWAS loci that do not overlap the coding signals. Each point represents a meta-gene set, and the best P-value for any gene set within the meta-gene set is shown. Only significant (false discovery rate < 0.01) gene set enrichment results are plotted. Colors correspond to whether the meta-gene set was significant for EC only (blue), GWAS only (green), both but more significant for EC (purple), or both but more significant for GWAS (orange), and the most significant gene sets within each category are labeled. A line is drawn at x = y for ease of comparison.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f6"></graphic></fig><fig id="F7" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 7</label><caption><p id="P51">Heat map showing entire DEPICT gene set enrichment results (analogous to <xref rid="F10" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2</xref> in the main text). For any given square, the color indicates how strongly the corresponding gene (shown on the x-axis) is predicted to belong to the reconstituted gene set (y-axis). This value is based on the gene's Z-score for gene set inclusion in DEPICT's reconstituted gene sets, where red indicates a higher Z-score and blue indicates a lower one. The proteoglycan binding pathway was uniquely implicated by coding variants (as opposed to common variants) by both DEPICT and the Pascal method. To visually reduce redundancy and increase clarity, we chose one representative “meta-gene set” for each group of highly correlated gene sets based on affinity propagation clustering (see Methods and <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>). Heat map intensity and DEPICT p-values correspond to the most significantly enriched gene set within the meta-gene set; meta-gene sets are listed with their database source. Annotations for the genes indicate whether the gene has OMIM annotation as underlying a disorder of skeletal growth (black and grey) and the minor allele frequency of the significant EC variant (shades of blue; if multiple variants, the lowest-frequency variant was kept). Annotations for the gene sets indicate if the gene set was also found significant for EC by the Pascal method (yellow and grey) and if the gene set was found significant by DEPICT for EC only or for both EC and GWAS (purple and green). Abbreviations: GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; MP: mouse phenotype in the Mouse Genetics Initiative; PPI: protein-protein interaction in the InWeb database.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f7"></graphic></fig><fig id="F8" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 8</label><caption><p id="P52">Heatmaps showing associations of the height variants to other complex traits; −log10(P-values) are oriented with beta effect direction for the alternate allele, white are missing values, yellow are non-significant (P>0.05), green to blue shading for hits with positive beta in the other trait and P-values between 0.05 and <2×10<sup>-7</sup> and, orange to red shading for hits with negative beta in the other trait and P-values between 0.05 to <2×10<sup>-7</sup>. Short and tall labels are given for the minor alleles. Clustering is done by the complete linkage method with Euclidean distance measure for the loci. Clusters highlight SNPs that are more significantly associated with the same set of traits. (<bold>A</bold>) Variants for which the minor allele is the height-decreasing allele. (<bold>B</bold>) Variants for which the minor allele is the height-increasing allele.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f8"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T1" position="anchor" orientation="landscape"><label>Extended Data Table 1</label><caption><p id="P53">Rare variants associated with adult height.32 missense or splice site variants with minor allele frequency <1% in European-ancestry participants that have <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub><2×10<sup>-7</sup>. The direction of the effect (Beta, standard deviation units) and effect allele frequency (AF) is given for the alternate (Alt) allele. Genomic coordinates are on build 37 of the human genome. For each variant, we provide the most severe annotation using the ENSEMBL Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) tool. N, sample size; Ref, reference allele; SE, standard error.</p></caption><table frame="box" rules="all"><thead><tr><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Discovery (N up to 381,625)</th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Validation (N up to 252,501)</th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Combined (N up to 634,126)</th></tr><tr><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variant</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chr:Pos</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ref/Alt</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gene</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Annotation</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl50341307</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:32673514</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IQCC</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.141</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.92E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.116</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.83E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.128</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.34E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl43365597</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:41540902</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SCMH1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.188</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.58E-25</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.169</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.42E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.181</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.35E-36</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl14233776</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:41618297</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SCMH1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.119</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.92E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.116</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.80E-22</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs145659444</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:149902342</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MTMR11</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.067</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.16E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.083</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.11E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.03E-10</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs144712473</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:183495812</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SMG7</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.094</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.97E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.067</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.94E-05</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.083</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.61E-14</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs144673025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:223178026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DISP1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.078</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.086</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.22E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.081</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.27E-14</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs142036701</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:219924961</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IHH</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.32</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.263</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.48E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.294</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.85E-23</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl47445258</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:220078652</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ABCB6</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.086</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.43E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.40E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.079</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.47E-15</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl21434601</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3:46939587</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PTH1R</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.154</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.30E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.192</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.48E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.168</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl41374503</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:73179445</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ADAMTS3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.119</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.82E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.089</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.106</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.30E-11</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl49385790</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:120422407</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PDE5A</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.257</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.50E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.226</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.65E-23</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl46301345</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:32784907</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NPR3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.128</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.166</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.78E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.139</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.91E-14</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs61736454</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:64766798</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ADAMTS6</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.152</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.82E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.182</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.032</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.37E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.164</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.80E-16</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs78727187</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:127668685</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FBN2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.183</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.47E-33</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.181</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.06E-20</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.182</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.47E-52</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl48833559</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:172755066</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>STC2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.29</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.037</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.69E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.368</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.323</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15E-30</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl48543891</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6:155450779</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TIAM2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.124</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.45E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.082</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.50E-01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.117</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.96E-08</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41511151</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7:73482987</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ELN</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.086</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.63E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.061</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.51E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.074</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.31E-08</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl12892337</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8:135614553</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZFAT</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.196</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.42E-26</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.184</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.20E-14</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.191</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.12E-38</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs75596750</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8:135622851</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZFAT</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.255</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.54E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.339</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.94E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.293</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.05E-28</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl38273386</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11:27016360</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FIBIN</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.79E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.076</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.56E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.105</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.26E-14</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl38059525</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11:94533444</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>AMOTL1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.096</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.01E-16</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.089</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.84E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.094</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.84E-21</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl47996581</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12:58138971</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TSPAN31</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.116</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.26E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.268</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.85E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.125</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.50E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl3141</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12:121756084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ANAPC5</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.082</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.105</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.44E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.091</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.45E-21</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl50494621</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15:44153571</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>WDR76</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.063</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.56E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.054</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.42E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.32E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl41308595</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15:89424870</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>HAPLN3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.267</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.037</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.84E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.234</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.43E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.25</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.02E-22</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs141923065</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:31474091</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ARMC5</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">splice acceptor</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.104</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.88E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.057</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.62E-13</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34667348</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:47684830</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PHKB</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.121</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.96E-14</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.04E-01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.088</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.43E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl40385822</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:67470505</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>HSD11B2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.148</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.27E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.124</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.38E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.139</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.97E-10</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl49615348</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:84900645</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CRISPLD2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.095</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.13E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.098</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.34E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.096</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.92E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl48934412</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:84902472</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CRISPLD2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.297</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.75E-14</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.317</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.49E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.304</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.36E-20</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs201226914</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:88798919</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PIEZOl</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.187</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.27E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.241</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.99E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.202</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.68E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl37852591</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23:66941751</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>AR</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.002</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.304</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.061</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.05E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.333</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.12E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.319</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.042</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.67E-14</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" position="anchor" orientation="landscape"><label>Extended Data Table 2</label><caption><p id="P54">Low-frequency variants associated with adult height.59 variants (51 missense or nonsense) with minor allele frequency between 1 and 5% in European-ancestry participants that have <italic>P</italic><sub>combined</sub><2×10<sup>-7</sup>. For <italic>TTN</italic>-rs16866412 and <italic>NOL8</italic>-rs921122, the association is significant (<italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>) upon conditional analysis. The direction of the effect (Beta, standard deviation units) and effect allele frequency (AF) is given for the alternate (Alt) allele. For each variant, we provide the most severe annotation using the ENSEMBL Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) tool. N, sample size; Ref, reference allele; SE, standard error</p></caption><table frame="box" rules="all"><thead><tr><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Discovery (N up to 381,625)</th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Validation (N up to 252,501)</th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Combined N up to 634,126)</th></tr><tr><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variant</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chr:Pos</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ref/Alt</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gene</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Annotation</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AF</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Beta</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41292521</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:51873967</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>EPS15</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.07E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.065</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.60E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.053</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.56E-17</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs61730011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:119427467</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TBX15</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.042</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.059</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.61E-24</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.046</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.056</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.19E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.79E-36</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl1580946</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:150551327</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MCLl</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.061</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.16E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.085</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.86E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.070</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.55E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs141845046</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:154987704</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">c/t</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZBTB7B</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.30E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.061</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.46E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.46E-25</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs79485039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1:180886140</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>KIAA1614</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.41E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.51E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.63E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs52826764</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:20205541</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MATN3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.071</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.67E-23</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.60E-19</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.076</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.74E-41</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs16859517</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:219949184</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NHEJ1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intron</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.96E-21</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.061</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.20E-37</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl6866412</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:179474668</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TTN</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.053</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.35E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.15E-01</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.042</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.44E-07</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7571816</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2:233077064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DIS3L2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intron</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.060</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.35E-16</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.079</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.58E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.066</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.46E-31</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2229089</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3:14214524</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>XPC</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.038</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.22E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.68E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.29E-08</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs76208147</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3:47162886</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SETD2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.24E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.062</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.22E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.053</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.65E-13</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs35713889</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3:49162583</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>LAMB2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.28E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.060</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.33E-16</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.49E-27</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs9838238</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3:98600385</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DCBLD2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.23E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.051</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.62E-05</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.68E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11722554</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:5016883</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CYTL1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.049</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.01E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.057</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.68E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.038</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.052</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.86E-25</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs61730641</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:87730980</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PTPN13</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.086</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.94E-19</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.094</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.38E-15</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.089</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.43E-32</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs116807401</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:135121721</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PABPC4L</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.065</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.39E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.33E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.54E-16</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs28925904</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:144359490</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GAB1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.04E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.24E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.29E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34343821</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4:154557616</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>KIAA0922</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.75E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.056</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.75E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.18E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs35658696</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:102338811</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PAM</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.76E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.053</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.47E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.63E-10</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34821177</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:126250812</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MARCH3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.25E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.45E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.032</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.67E-10</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs62623707</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:135288632</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>LECT2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.02E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.049</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.77E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.046</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.36E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34471628</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:172196752</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DUSP1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.00E-14</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.042</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.26E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.93E-20</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs28932177</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:176637471</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NSD1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.063</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.38E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.065</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.62E-12</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.27E-30</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs78247455</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5:176722005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NSD]</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.083</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.86E-26</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.085</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.42E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.32E-41</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7757648</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6:30851933</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DDRI</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intron</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.075</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.079</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.24E-05</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.076</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.64E-13</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34427075</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6:34730395</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SNRPC</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">synonymous</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.117</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.21E-33</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.139</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.59E-31</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.126</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.45E-60</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs33966734</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6:41903798</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CCND3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">stop sained</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.140</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.51E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.101</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.41E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.122</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28E-22</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs17277546</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7:99489571</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TRIM4</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3′UTR</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.049</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.28E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.052</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.038</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.26E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.40E-17</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7636</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7:100490077</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ACHE</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">synonymous</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.037</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.59E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.92E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.98E-10</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl7480616</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7:135123060</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CNOT4</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.060</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.31E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.054</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.04E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.90E-26</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs3136797</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8:42226805</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>POLB</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.95E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.30E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.88E-07</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11575580</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9:34660864</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ILURA</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.20E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.42E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.01E-13</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs921122</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9:95063947</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NOL8</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.56E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.45E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.33E-06</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41274586</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10:79580976</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DLG5</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.72E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.076</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.15E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.065</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.66E-20</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41291604</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10:97919011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZNF518A</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.031</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.94E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.05E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.91E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs71455793</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11:65715204</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TSGAJOIP</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.039</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.058</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.82E-21</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.046</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.072</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.41E-23</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.042</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.064</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.52E-43</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4072796</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12:7548996</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CD163L1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.11E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.037</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.015</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.68E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.87E-08</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs61743810</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12:69140339</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SLC35E3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.UE-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.29E-11</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs117801489</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12:104408832</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GLT8D2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.053</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.72E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.062</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.82E-10</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.057</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.60E-17</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2066674</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13:50842259</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DLEU1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intron</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.33E-37</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.02E-25</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.077</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.66E-57</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl7880989</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:23313633</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MMP14</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.72E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.052</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.81E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.27E-16</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34354104</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:24707479</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GMPR2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.67E-16</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.34E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.049</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.046</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.004</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.13E-29</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs117295933</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:45403699</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>KLHL28</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.55E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.13E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.05E-09</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41286548</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:70633411</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SLC8A3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.054</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.49E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.045</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.02E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.03E-16</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs28929474</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:94844947</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SERPINA1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.018</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.124</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.39E-45</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.139</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.50E-34</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.130</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.72E-75</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41286560</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14:101349454</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>RTL1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.033</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.12E-04</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.50E-15</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs116858574</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15:34520687</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/C</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>EMC4</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.19E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.60E-07</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34815962</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15:72462255</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GRAMD2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.019</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.72E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.074</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.66E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.073</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28E-27</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs16942341</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15:89388905</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>AC AN</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">synonymous</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.129</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.30E-72</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.028</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.146</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08E-56</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.027</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.135</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.79E-130</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs61733564</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:4812705</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZNF500</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.032</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.056</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.61E-17</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.032</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.34E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.032</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.051</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.89E-21</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rsl13388806</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:24804954</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TNRC6A</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.040</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.65E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.038</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.90E-15</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs8052655</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16:67409180</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/A</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>LRRC36</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.054</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.055</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.91E-13</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.043</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.054</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.40E-31</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs77542162</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17:67081278</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ABCA6</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.049</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.17E-06</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.023</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.051</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.58E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.020</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.050</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.57E-12</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs77169818</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18:74980601</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GALRl</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.047</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.60E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.038</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.035</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.64E-05</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.11E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs3208856</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19:45296806</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CBLC</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.036</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.48E-07</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19E-02</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.030</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.96E-08</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4252548</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19:55879672</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IL11</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.026</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.114</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.02E-57</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.101</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.28E-23</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.110</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.32E-81</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs147110934</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19:55993436</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZNF628</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.021</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.084</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.28E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.098</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.011</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17E-18</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.022</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.090</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.33E-34</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs77885044</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22:28501414</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C/T</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TTC28</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.067</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.47E-11</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.017</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.069</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.24E-09</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.068</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.008</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.93E-19</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs147348682</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22:42095658</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T/G</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MEII</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">missense</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.025</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.041</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.007</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.25E-08</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.024</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.009</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.59E-03</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.029</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.034</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.006</td><td valign="middle" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.70E-10</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></sec><sec sec-type="supplementary-material" id="S32"><title>Supplementary Material</title><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD1"><label>supp_info</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS834200-supplement-supp_info.docx" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d36e9560" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD2"><label>supp_tables</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS834200-supplement-supp_tables.xlsx" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d36e9564" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material></sec></body><back><ack id="S33"><p>A full list of acknowledgments appears in the <xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>. Part of this work was conducted using the UK Biobank resource.</p></ack><fn-group><fn id="FN5" fn-type="supplementary-material"><p><xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information: Supplementary Information</xref> is linked to the online version of the paper at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/nature">www.nature.com/nature</ext-link>.</p></fn><fn id="FN6" fn-type="con"><p><bold>Author Contributions</bold>: <italic>Writing Group (wrote and edited manuscript)</italic>: Panos Deloukas, Timothy M. Frayling, Mariaelisa Graff, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Guillaume Lettre, Ken Sin Lo, Yingchang Lu, Eirini Marouli, M. Carolina Medina-Gomez, Fernando Rivadeneira. All authors contributed and discussed the results, and commented on the manuscript.</p><p><italic>Data preparation group (checked and prepared data from contributing cohorts for meta-analyses and replication):</italic> Tonu Esko, Mariaelisa Graff, Heather Highland, Anne Justice, Tugce Karaderi, Ken Sin Lo, Adam E. Locke, Yingchang Lu, Eirini Marouli, Nicholas G.D. Masca, M. Carolina Medina-Gomez, Poorva Mudgal, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Manuel A. Rivas, Claudia Schurmann, Kathy Stirrups, Valérie Turcot, Sailaja Vedantam, Thomas W. Winkler, Kristin L. Young. This work was done under the auspices of the GIANT, CHARGE, BBMRI, UK ExomeChip, and GOT2D consortia.</p><p><italic>Height meta-analyses (discovery and replication, single-variant and gene-based):</italic> Panos Deloukas, Timothy M. Frayling, Mariaelisa Graff, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Guillaume Lettre, Daijiang J. Liu, Ken Sin Lo, Yingchang Lu, Eirini Marouli, M. Carolina Medina-Gomez, Fernando Rivadeneira, Andrew R. Wood.</p><p><italic>UK Biobank-based integration of height association signals group and heritability analyses:</italic> Panos Deloukas, Timothy M. Frayling, Guillaume Lettre, Zoltán Kutalik, Ken Sin Lo, Eirini Marouli, Sina Rüeger, Andrew R. Wood.</p><p><italic>Pleiotropy working group:</italic> Gonçalo Abecasis, Michael Boehnke, James P. Cook, Panos Deloukas, Fotios Drenos, Jose C. Florez, Heather Highland, Sekar Kathiresan, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Dajiang J. Liu, Ruth J.F. Loos, Anubha Mahajan, Eirini Marouli, Mark I. McCarthy, Patricia B. Munroe, Gina M. Peloso, John R. B. Perry, Katherine S. Ruth, Cristen J. Willer.</p><p><italic>Biological and clinical enrichment, and pathway analyses:</italic> Rebecca S. Fine, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Zoltán Kutalik, David Lamparter, Guillaume Lettre, Ken Sin Lo, Tune H. Pers.</p><p><italic>Functional characterization of STC2</italic>: Troels R. 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We observed an inverse relationship between the effect size (from the combined “discovery+validation” analysis, in cm on the <italic>y</italic>-axis) and the minor allele frequency (MAF) for the height variants (<italic>x</italic>-axis, from 0 to 50%). We included in this figure the 606 height variants with <italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f9"></graphic></fig><fig id="F10" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Heat map showing subset of DEPICT gene set enrichment results. The full heat map is available as <xref rid="F7" ref-type="fig">Extended Data Fig. 7</xref>. For any given square, the color indicates how strongly the corresponding gene (shown on the <italic>x</italic>-axis) is predicted to belong to the reconstituted gene set (<italic>y</italic>-axis). This value is based on the gene's Z-score for gene set inclusion in DEPICT's reconstituted gene sets, where red indicates a higher Z-score and blue indicates a lower one. The proteogly can binding pathway (bold) was uniquely implicated by coding variants by DEPICT and PASCAL. To visually reduce redundancy and increase clarity, we chose one representative “meta-gene set” for each group of highly correlated gene sets based on affinity propagation clustering (<xref rid="SD1" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Information</xref>). Heat map intensity and DEPICT P-values correspond to the most significantly enriched gene set within the meta-gene set; meta-gene sets are listed with their database source. Annotations for the genes indicate whether the gene has OMIM annotation as underlying a disorder of skeletal growth (black and grey) and the minor allele frequency of the significant ExomeChip (EC) variant (shades of blue; if multiple variants, the lowest-frequency variant was kept). Annotations for the gene sets indicate if the gene set was also found significant for EC by PASCAL (yellow and grey) and if the gene set was found significant by DEPICT for EC only or for both EC and GWAS (purple and green). Abbreviations: GO: Gene Ontology; MP: mouse phenotype in the Mouse Genetics Initiative; PPI: protein-protein interaction in the In Web database.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f10"></graphic></fig><fig id="F11" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>STC2 mutants p.Arg44Leu (R44L) and p.Met86Ile (M86I) show compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A. (<bold>A</bold>) Schematic representation of the role of STC2 in IGF-1 signaling. Partial inactivation of STC2 by height-associated DNA sequence variation could increase bioactive IGF-1 through reduced inhibition of PAPP-A. (<bold>B</bold>) Western blot analysis of recombinant STC2 wild-type and variants R44L and M86I. (<bold>C</bold>) Covalent complex formation between PAPP-A and STC2 wild-type or variants R44L and M86I. Separately synthesized proteins were analyzed by PAPP-A Western blotting following incubation for 8 h. In the absence of STC2 (Mock lane), PAPP-A appears as a single 400 kDa band (*). Following incubation with wild-type STC2, the majority of PAPP-A is present as the approximately 500 kDa covalent PAPP-A:STC2 complex (#), in which PAPP-A is devoid of proteolytic activity towards IGFBP-4. Under similar conditions, incubation with variants R44L or M86I appeared to cause less covalent complex formation with PAPP-A. The gels are representative of at least three independent experiments. (<bold>D</bold>) PAPP-A proteolytic cleavage of IGFBP-4 following incubation with wild-type STC2 or variants for 1-24 h. Wild-type STC2 causes reduction in PAPP-A activity, with complete inhibition of activity following 24 h incubation. Both STC2 variants show increased IGFBP-4 cleavage (<italic>i.e.</italic> less inhibition) for all time points analyzed. Mean and standard deviations of three independent experiments are shown. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's post-test showed significant differences between STC2 wild-type and variants R44L (<italic>P</italic><0.001) and M86I (<italic>P</italic><0.01).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms834200f11"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T3" orientation="landscape" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Ten height genes implicated by gene-based testing. These genes meet our three criteria for statistical significance: (1) gene-based <italic>P</italic><5×10<sup>-7</sup>, (2) the gene does not include variants with <italic>P</italic><2×10<sup>-7</sup>, and (3) the gene-based P-value is at least two orders of magnitude smaller than the P-value for the most significant variant within the gene. For each gene, we provide P-values for the four different gene-based tests applied. P-values in bold are the most significant results for a given gene.</p></caption><table frame="box" rules="all"><thead><tr><th valign="middle" rowspan="2" align="center" colspan="1">Gene</th><th colspan="4" valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1">Discovery gene-based P-value</th><th valign="middle" rowspan="2" align="center" colspan="1">Validation P-value<xref rid="TFN1" ref-type="table-fn">1</xref></th><th valign="middle" rowspan="2" align="center" colspan="1">Combined P-value<xref rid="TFN1" ref-type="table-fn">1</xref></th><th valign="middle" rowspan="2" align="center" colspan="1">Conditional P-value<xref rid="TFN2" ref-type="table-fn">2</xref></th><th valign="middle" rowspan="2" align="center" colspan="1">Note<xref rid="TFN3" ref-type="table-fn">3</xref></th></tr><tr><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SKAT-broad</th><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">VT-broad</th><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SKAT-strict</th><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">VT-strict</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>OSGIN1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>4.3×10<sup>-11</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.18</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.048</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.6×10<sup>-12</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.7×10<sup>-11</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus. No predicted causal genes.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CRISPLD1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>6.7×10<sup>-11</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.9×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2×10<sup>-12</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus, sentinel GWAS SNP not tested on ExomeChip. <italic>CRISPLD1</italic> was predicted to be causal.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CSAD</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3×10<sup>-8</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2.4×10<sup>-9</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.83</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.59</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.54</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">New locus.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SNED1</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>4.3×10<sup>-9</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.083</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5×10<sup>-10</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus. <italic>SNED1</italic> was not predicted to be causal.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>G6PC</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3.6×10<sup>-8</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.24</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.2×10<sup>-8</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9×10<sup>-8</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus, <italic>G6PC</italic> was not predicted to be causal. <italic>G6PC</italic> is mutated in glycogen storage disease Ia.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NOX4</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.1×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1.4×10<sup>-7</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.013</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">New locus.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>UGGT2</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.0×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2.6×10<sup>-7</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.8×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.4×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">New locus.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FLNB</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.1×10<sup>-4</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2.4×10<sup>-9</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.2×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.016</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.6×10<sup>-11</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus. <italic>FLNB</italic> was predicted to be causal. <italic>FLNB</italic> is mutated in atelosteogenesis type I.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>B4GALNT3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.4×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8×10<sup>-5</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3.1×10<sup>-7</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.7×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus. <italic>B4GALNT3</italic> was predicted to be causal.</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CCDC3</italic></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.3×10<sup>-4</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.3×10<sup>-6</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.0×10<sup>-7</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5.4×10<sup>-9</sup></bold></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.080</td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6×10<sup>-9</sup></td><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Known locus. <italic>CCDC3</italic> was predicted to be causal.</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN1"><label>1</label><p>Validation (N=59,804) and combined results using the same test and (when possible) variants.</p></fn><fn id="TFN2"><label>2</label><p>When the gene is located in a locus identified by our single-variant analysis (1 Mb window), we conditioned the gene-based association result on genotypes at the single variant(s).</p></fn><fn id="TFN3"><label>3</label><p>If the gene falls within a known GWAS height locus, we mention if it was predicted to be causal using bioinformatic tools (ref. <sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup>). NA, not applicable.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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