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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Biological Insights From 108 Schizophrenia-Associated Genetic Loci</title><author><name sortKey="Ripke, Stephan" sort="Ripke, Stephan" uniqKey="Ripke S" first="Stephan" last="Ripke">Stephan Ripke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M" last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corvin, Aiden" sort="Corvin, Aiden" uniqKey="Corvin A" first="Aiden" last="Corvin">Aiden Corvin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walters, James Tr" sort="Walters, James Tr" uniqKey="Walters J" first="James Tr" last="Walters">James Tr Walters</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farh, Kai How" sort="Farh, Kai How" uniqKey="Farh K" first="Kai-How" last="Farh">Kai-How Farh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmans, Peter A" sort="Holmans, Peter A" uniqKey="Holmans P" first="Peter A" last="Holmans">Peter A. Holmans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Phil" sort="Lee, Phil" uniqKey="Lee P" first="Phil" last="Lee">Phil Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bulik Sullivan, Brendan" sort="Bulik Sullivan, Brendan" uniqKey="Bulik Sullivan B" first="Brendan" last="Bulik-Sullivan">Brendan Bulik-Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collier, David A" sort="Collier, David A" uniqKey="Collier D" first="David A" last="Collier">David A. Collier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Hailiang" sort="Huang, Hailiang" uniqKey="Huang H" first="Hailiang" last="Huang">Hailiang Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pers, Tune H" sort="Pers, Tune H" uniqKey="Pers T" first="Tune H" last="Pers">Tune H. Pers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agartz, Ingrid" sort="Agartz, Ingrid" uniqKey="Agartz I" first="Ingrid" last="Agartz">Ingrid Agartz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agerbo, Esben" sort="Agerbo, Esben" uniqKey="Agerbo E" first="Esben" last="Agerbo">Esben Agerbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre for Integrative Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albus, Margot" sort="Albus, Margot" uniqKey="Albus M" first="Margot" last="Albus">Margot Albus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">State Mental Hospital, Haar, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alexander, Madeline" sort="Alexander, Madeline" uniqKey="Alexander M" first="Madeline" last="Alexander">Madeline Alexander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amin, Farooq" sort="Amin, Farooq" uniqKey="Amin F" first="Farooq" last="Amin">Farooq Amin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bacanu, Silviu A" sort="Bacanu, Silviu A" uniqKey="Bacanu S" first="Silviu A" last="Bacanu">Silviu A. Bacanu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Begemann, Martin" sort="Begemann, Martin" uniqKey="Begemann M" first="Martin" last="Begemann">Martin Begemann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Belliveau, Richard A" sort="Belliveau, Richard A" uniqKey="Belliveau R" first="Richard A" last="Belliveau">Richard A. Belliveau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bene, Judit" sort="Bene, Judit" uniqKey="Bene J" first="Judit" last="Bene">Judit Bene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergen, Sarah E" sort="Bergen, Sarah E" uniqKey="Bergen S" first="Sarah E" last="Bergen">Sarah E. Bergen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bevilacqua, Elizabeth" sort="Bevilacqua, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Bevilacqua E" first="Elizabeth" last="Bevilacqua">Elizabeth Bevilacqua</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigdeli, Tim B" sort="Bigdeli, Tim B" uniqKey="Bigdeli T" first="Tim B" last="Bigdeli">Tim B. Bigdeli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Black, Donald W" sort="Black, Donald W" uniqKey="Black D" first="Donald W" last="Black">Donald W. Black</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruggeman, Richard" sort="Bruggeman, Richard" uniqKey="Bruggeman R" first="Richard" last="Bruggeman">Richard Bruggeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buccola, Nancy G" sort="Buccola, Nancy G" uniqKey="Buccola N" first="Nancy G" last="Buccola">Nancy G. Buccola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buckner, Randy L" sort="Buckner, Randy L" uniqKey="Buckner R" first="Randy L" last="Buckner">Randy L. Buckner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byerley, William" sort="Byerley, William" uniqKey="Byerley W" first="William" last="Byerley">William Byerley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cahn, Wiepke" sort="Cahn, Wiepke" uniqKey="Cahn W" first="Wiepke" last="Cahn">Wiepke Cahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Guiqing" sort="Cai, Guiqing" uniqKey="Cai G" first="Guiqing" last="Cai">Guiqing Cai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Department of Human Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Campion, Dominique" sort="Campion, Dominique" uniqKey="Campion D" first="Dominique" last="Campion">Dominique Campion</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray and INSERM U1079 Faculty of Medicine, Rouen, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cantor, Rita M" sort="Cantor, Rita M" uniqKey="Cantor R" first="Rita M" last="Cantor">Rita M. Cantor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carr, Vaughan J" sort="Carr, Vaughan J" uniqKey="Carr V" first="Vaughan J" last="Carr">Vaughan J. Carr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carrera, Noa" sort="Carrera, Noa" uniqKey="Carrera N" first="Noa" last="Carrera">Noa Carrera</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catts, Stanley V" sort="Catts, Stanley V" uniqKey="Catts S" first="Stanley V" last="Catts">Stanley V. Catts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambert, Kimberley D" sort="Chambert, Kimberley D" uniqKey="Chambert K" first="Kimberley D" last="Chambert">Kimberley D. Chambert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Raymond Ck" sort="Chan, Raymond Ck" uniqKey="Chan R" first="Raymond Ck" last="Chan">Raymond Ck Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Ronald Yl" sort="Chan, Ronald Yl" uniqKey="Chan R" first="Ronald Yl" last="Chan">Ronald Yl Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Eric Yh" sort="Chen, Eric Yh" uniqKey="Chen E" first="Eric Yh" last="Chen">Eric Yh Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Psychiatry and State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Wei" sort="Cheng, Wei" uniqKey="Cheng W" first="Wei" last="Cheng">Wei Cheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, Eric Fc" sort="Cheung, Eric Fc" uniqKey="Cheung E" first="Eric Fc" last="Cheung">Eric Fc Cheung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chong, Siow Ann" sort="Chong, Siow Ann" uniqKey="Chong S" first="Siow Ann" last="Chong">Siow Ann Chong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cloninger, C Robert" sort="Cloninger, C Robert" uniqKey="Cloninger C" first="C Robert" last="Cloninger">C Robert Cloninger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, David" sort="Cohen, David" uniqKey="Cohen D" first="David" last="Cohen">David Cohen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine and Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Nadine" sort="Cohen, Nadine" uniqKey="Cohen N" first="Nadine" last="Cohen">Nadine Cohen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Formerly of Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cormican, Paul" sort="Cormican, Paul" uniqKey="Cormican P" first="Paul" last="Cormican">Paul Cormican</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Craddock, Nick" sort="Craddock, Nick" uniqKey="Craddock N" first="Nick" last="Craddock">Nick Craddock</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crowley, James J" sort="Crowley, James J" uniqKey="Crowley J" first="James J" last="Crowley">James J. Crowley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Curtis, David" sort="Curtis, David" uniqKey="Curtis D" first="David" last="Curtis">David Curtis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Psychological Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davidson, Michael" sort="Davidson, Michael" uniqKey="Davidson M" first="Michael" last="Davidson">Michael Davidson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Kenneth L" sort="Davis, Kenneth L" uniqKey="Davis K" first="Kenneth L" last="Davis">Kenneth L. Davis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Franziska" sort="Degenhardt, Franziska" uniqKey="Degenhardt F" first="Franziska" last="Degenhardt">Franziska Degenhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Del Favero, Jurgen" sort="Del Favero, Jurgen" uniqKey="Del Favero J" first="Jurgen" last="Del Favero">Jurgen Del Favero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Applied Molecular Genomics Unit, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demontis, Ditte" sort="Demontis, Ditte" uniqKey="Demontis D" first="Ditte" last="Demontis">Ditte Demontis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dikeos, Dimitris" sort="Dikeos, Dimitris" uniqKey="Dikeos D" first="Dimitris" last="Dikeos">Dimitris Dikeos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">First Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dinan, Timothy" sort="Dinan, Timothy" uniqKey="Dinan T" first="Timothy" last="Dinan">Timothy Dinan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Djurovic, Srdjan" sort="Djurovic, Srdjan" uniqKey="Djurovic S" first="Srdjan" last="Djurovic">Srdjan Djurovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donohoe, Gary" sort="Donohoe, Gary" uniqKey="Donohoe G" first="Gary" last="Donohoe">Gary Donohoe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drapeau, Elodie" sort="Drapeau, Elodie" uniqKey="Drapeau E" first="Elodie" last="Drapeau">Elodie Drapeau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Jubao" sort="Duan, Jubao" uniqKey="Duan J" first="Jubao" last="Duan">Jubao Duan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dudbridge, Frank" sort="Dudbridge, Frank" uniqKey="Dudbridge F" first="Frank" last="Dudbridge">Frank Dudbridge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Durmishi, Naser" sort="Durmishi, Naser" uniqKey="Durmishi N" first="Naser" last="Durmishi">Naser Durmishi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinic of Psychiatry, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eichhammer, Peter" sort="Eichhammer, Peter" uniqKey="Eichhammer P" first="Peter" last="Eichhammer">Peter Eichhammer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan" sort="Eriksson, Johan" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan" last="Eriksson">Johan Eriksson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Escott Price, Valentina" sort="Escott Price, Valentina" uniqKey="Escott Price V" first="Valentina" last="Escott-Price">Valentina Escott-Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Essioux, Laurent" sort="Essioux, Laurent" uniqKey="Essioux L" first="Laurent" last="Essioux">Laurent Essioux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Translational Technologies and Bioinformatics, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fanous, Ayman H" sort="Fanous, Ayman H" uniqKey="Fanous A" first="Ayman H" last="Fanous">Ayman H. Fanous</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Mental Health Service Line, Washington VA Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farrell, Martilias S" sort="Farrell, Martilias S" uniqKey="Farrell M" first="Martilias S" last="Farrell">Martilias S. Farrell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frank, Josef" sort="Frank, Josef" uniqKey="Frank J" first="Josef" last="Frank">Josef Frank</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Lude" sort="Franke, Lude" uniqKey="Franke L" first="Lude" last="Franke">Lude Franke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freedman, Robert" sort="Freedman, Robert" uniqKey="Freedman R" first="Robert" last="Freedman">Robert Freedman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freimer, Nelson B" sort="Freimer, Nelson B" uniqKey="Freimer N" first="Nelson B" last="Freimer">Nelson B. Freimer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedl, Marion" sort="Friedl, Marion" uniqKey="Friedl M" first="Marion" last="Friedl">Marion Friedl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedman, Joseph I" sort="Friedman, Joseph I" uniqKey="Friedman J" first="Joseph I" last="Friedman">Joseph I. Friedman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fromer, Menachem" sort="Fromer, Menachem" uniqKey="Fromer M" first="Menachem" last="Fromer">Menachem Fromer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Genovese, Giulio" sort="Genovese, Giulio" uniqKey="Genovese G" first="Giulio" last="Genovese">Giulio Genovese</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Georgieva, Lyudmila" sort="Georgieva, Lyudmila" uniqKey="Georgieva L" first="Lyudmila" last="Georgieva">Lyudmila Georgieva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giegling, Ina" sort="Giegling, Ina" uniqKey="Giegling I" first="Ina" last="Giegling">Ina Giegling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giusti Rodriguez, Paola" sort="Giusti Rodriguez, Paola" uniqKey="Giusti Rodriguez P" first="Paola" last="Giusti-Rodríguez">Paola Giusti-Rodríguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godard, Stephanie" sort="Godard, Stephanie" uniqKey="Godard S" first="Stephanie" last="Godard">Stephanie Godard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de la Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Jacqueline I" sort="Goldstein, Jacqueline I" uniqKey="Goldstein J" first="Jacqueline I" last="Goldstein">Jacqueline I. Goldstein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Golimbet, Vera" sort="Golimbet, Vera" uniqKey="Golimbet V" first="Vera" last="Golimbet">Vera Golimbet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">Mental Health Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gopal, Srihari" sort="Gopal, Srihari" uniqKey="Gopal S" first="Srihari" last="Gopal">Srihari Gopal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gratten, Jacob" sort="Gratten, Jacob" uniqKey="Gratten J" first="Jacob" last="Gratten">Jacob Gratten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Haan, Lieuwe" sort="De Haan, Lieuwe" uniqKey="De Haan L" first="Lieuwe" last="De Haan">Lieuwe De Haan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hammer, Christian" sort="Hammer, Christian" uniqKey="Hammer C" first="Christian" last="Hammer">Christian Hammer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamshere, Marian L" sort="Hamshere, Marian L" uniqKey="Hamshere M" first="Marian L" last="Hamshere">Marian L. Hamshere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Mark" sort="Hansen, Mark" uniqKey="Hansen M" first="Mark" last="Hansen">Mark Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Illumina, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Thomas" sort="Hansen, Thomas" uniqKey="Hansen T" first="Thomas" last="Hansen">Thomas Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haroutunian, Vahram" sort="Haroutunian, Vahram" uniqKey="Haroutunian V" first="Vahram" last="Haroutunian">Vahram Haroutunian</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartmann, Annette M" sort="Hartmann, Annette M" uniqKey="Hartmann A" first="Annette M" last="Hartmann">Annette M. Hartmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henskens, Frans A" sort="Henskens, Frans A" uniqKey="Henskens F" first="Frans A" last="Henskens">Frans A. Henskens</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herms, Stefan" sort="Herms, Stefan" uniqKey="Herms S" first="Stefan" last="Herms">Stefan Herms</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofman, Andrea" sort="Hofman, Andrea" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Andrea" last="Hofman">Andrea Hofman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollegaard, Mads V" sort="Hollegaard, Mads V" uniqKey="Hollegaard M" first="Mads V" last="Hollegaard">Mads V. Hollegaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hougaard, David M" sort="Hougaard, David M" uniqKey="Hougaard D" first="David M" last="Hougaard">David M. Hougaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikeda, Masashi" sort="Ikeda, Masashi" uniqKey="Ikeda M" first="Masashi" last="Ikeda">Masashi Ikeda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joa, Inge" sort="Joa, Inge" uniqKey="Joa I" first="Inge" last="Joa">Inge Joa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Julia, Antonio" sort="Julia, Antonio" uniqKey="Julia A" first="Antonio" last="Julià">Antonio Julià</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahn, Rene S" sort="Kahn, Rene S" uniqKey="Kahn R" first="René S" last="Kahn">René S. Kahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kalaydjieva, Luba" sort="Kalaydjieva, Luba" uniqKey="Kalaydjieva L" first="Luba" last="Kalaydjieva">Luba Kalaydjieva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Perkins Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karachanak Yankova, Sena" sort="Karachanak Yankova, Sena" uniqKey="Karachanak Yankova S" first="Sena" last="Karachanak-Yankova">Sena Karachanak-Yankova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karjalainen, Juha" sort="Karjalainen, Juha" uniqKey="Karjalainen J" first="Juha" last="Karjalainen">Juha Karjalainen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kavanagh, David" sort="Kavanagh, David" uniqKey="Kavanagh D" first="David" last="Kavanagh">David Kavanagh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keller, Matthew C" sort="Keller, Matthew C" uniqKey="Keller M" first="Matthew C" last="Keller">Matthew C. Keller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, James L" sort="Kennedy, James L" uniqKey="Kennedy J" first="James L" last="Kennedy">James L. Kennedy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khrunin, Andrey" sort="Khrunin, Andrey" uniqKey="Khrunin A" first="Andrey" last="Khrunin">Andrey Khrunin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yunjung" sort="Kim, Yunjung" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yunjung" last="Kim">Yunjung Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klovins, Janis" sort="Klovins, Janis" uniqKey="Klovins J" first="Janis" last="Klovins">Janis Klovins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knowles, James A" sort="Knowles, James A" uniqKey="Knowles J" first="James A" last="Knowles">James A. Knowles</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konte, Bettina" sort="Konte, Bettina" uniqKey="Konte B" first="Bettina" last="Konte">Bettina Konte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kucinskas, Vaidutis" sort="Kucinskas, Vaidutis" uniqKey="Kucinskas V" first="Vaidutis" last="Kucinskas">Vaidutis Kucinskas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele" sort="Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele" uniqKey="Kucinskiene Z" first="Zita Ausrele" last="Kucinskiene">Zita Ausrele Kucinskiene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuzelova Ptackova, Hana" sort="Kuzelova Ptackova, Hana" uniqKey="Kuzelova Ptackova H" first="Hana" last="Kuzelova-Ptackova">Hana Kuzelova-Ptackova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Hler, Anna K" sort="K Hler, Anna K" uniqKey="K Hler A" first="Anna K" last="K Hler">Anna K. K Hler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laurent, Claudine" sort="Laurent, Claudine" uniqKey="Laurent C" first="Claudine" last="Laurent">Claudine Laurent</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jimmy" sort="Lee, Jimmy" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jimmy" last="Lee">Jimmy Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S Hong" sort="Lee, S Hong" uniqKey="Lee S" first="S Hong" last="Lee">S Hong Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legge, Sophie E" sort="Legge, Sophie E" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sophie E" last="Legge">Sophie E. Legge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lerer, Bernard" sort="Lerer, Bernard" uniqKey="Lerer B" first="Bernard" last="Lerer">Bernard Lerer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Miaoxin" sort="Li, Miaoxin" uniqKey="Li M" first="Miaoxin" last="Li">Miaoxin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Centre for Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Tao" sort="Li, Tao" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tao" last="Li">Tao Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Mental Health Centre and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, Sichuan, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Kung Yee" sort="Liang, Kung Yee" uniqKey="Liang K" first="Kung-Yee" last="Liang">Kung-Yee Liang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lieberman, Jeffrey" sort="Lieberman, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Lieberman J" first="Jeffrey" last="Lieberman">Jeffrey Lieberman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Limborska, Svetlana" sort="Limborska, Svetlana" uniqKey="Limborska S" first="Svetlana" last="Limborska">Svetlana Limborska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loughland, Carmel M" sort="Loughland, Carmel M" uniqKey="Loughland C" first="Carmel M" last="Loughland">Carmel M. Loughland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lubinski, Jan" sort="Lubinski, Jan" uniqKey="Lubinski J" first="Jan" last="Lubinski">Jan Lubinski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lonnqvist, Jouko" sort="Lonnqvist, Jouko" uniqKey="Lonnqvist J" first="Jouko" last="Lönnqvist">Jouko Lönnqvist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macek, Milan" sort="Macek, Milan" uniqKey="Macek M" first="Milan" last="Macek">Milan Macek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magnusson, Patrik Ke" sort="Magnusson, Patrik Ke" uniqKey="Magnusson P" first="Patrik Ke" last="Magnusson">Patrik Ke Magnusson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maher, Brion S" sort="Maher, Brion S" uniqKey="Maher B" first="Brion S" last="Maher">Brion S. Maher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maier, Wolfgang" sort="Maier, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Maier W" first="Wolfgang" last="Maier">Wolfgang Maier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mallet, Jacques" sort="Mallet, Jacques" uniqKey="Mallet J" first="Jacques" last="Mallet">Jacques Mallet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marsal, Sara" sort="Marsal, Sara" uniqKey="Marsal S" first="Sara" last="Marsal">Sara Marsal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mattheisen, Manuel" sort="Mattheisen, Manuel" uniqKey="Mattheisen M" first="Manuel" last="Mattheisen">Manuel Mattheisen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Department of Genomics Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mattingsdal, Morten" sort="Mattingsdal, Morten" uniqKey="Mattingsdal M" first="Morten" last="Mattingsdal">Morten Mattingsdal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarley, Robert W" sort="Mccarley, Robert W" uniqKey="Mccarley R" first="Robert W" last="Mccarley">Robert W. Mccarley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131">VA Boston Health Care System, Brockton, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Colm" sort="Mcdonald, Colm" uniqKey="Mcdonald C" first="Colm" last="Mcdonald">Colm Mcdonald</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132">Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcintosh, Andrew M" sort="Mcintosh, Andrew M" uniqKey="Mcintosh A" first="Andrew M" last="Mcintosh">Andrew M. Mcintosh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, Sandra" sort="Meier, Sandra" uniqKey="Meier S" first="Sandra" last="Meier">Sandra Meier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Carin J" sort="Meijer, Carin J" uniqKey="Meijer C" first="Carin J" last="Meijer">Carin J. Meijer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melegh, Bela" sort="Melegh, Bela" uniqKey="Melegh B" first="Bela" last="Melegh">Bela Melegh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melle, Ingrid" sort="Melle, Ingrid" uniqKey="Melle I" first="Ingrid" last="Melle">Ingrid Melle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesholam Gately, Raquelle I" sort="Mesholam Gately, Raquelle I" uniqKey="Mesholam Gately R" first="Raquelle I" last="Mesholam-Gately">Raquelle I. Mesholam-Gately</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michie, Patricia T" sort="Michie, Patricia T" uniqKey="Michie P" first="Patricia T" last="Michie">Patricia T. Michie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milani, Lili" sort="Milani, Lili" uniqKey="Milani L" first="Lili" last="Milani">Lili Milani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milanova, Vihra" sort="Milanova, Vihra" uniqKey="Milanova V" first="Vihra" last="Milanova">Vihra Milanova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">First Psychiatric Clinic, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mokrab, Younes" sort="Mokrab, Younes" uniqKey="Mokrab Y" first="Younes" last="Mokrab">Younes Mokrab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Derek W" sort="Morris, Derek W" uniqKey="Morris D" first="Derek W" last="Morris">Derek W. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mors, Ole" sort="Mors, Ole" uniqKey="Mors O" first="Ole" last="Mors">Ole Mors</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Kieran C" sort="Murphy, Kieran C" uniqKey="Murphy K" first="Kieran C" last="Murphy">Kieran C. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, Robin M" sort="Murray, Robin M" uniqKey="Murray R" first="Robin M" last="Murray">Robin M. Murray</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">King’s College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myin Germeys, Inez" sort="Myin Germeys, Inez" uniqKey="Myin Germeys I" first="Inez" last="Myin-Germeys">Inez Myin-Germeys</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Myhsok, Bertram" sort="Muller Myhsok, Bertram" uniqKey="Muller Myhsok B" first="Bertram" last="Müller-Myhsok">Bertram Müller-Myhsok</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Institute of Translational Medicine, University Liverpool, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145">Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelis, Mari" sort="Nelis, Mari" uniqKey="Nelis M" first="Mari" last="Nelis">Mari Nelis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nenadic, Igor" sort="Nenadic, Igor" uniqKey="Nenadic I" first="Igor" last="Nenadic">Igor Nenadic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nertney, Deborah A" sort="Nertney, Deborah A" uniqKey="Nertney D" first="Deborah A" last="Nertney">Deborah A. Nertney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148">Department of Psychiatry, Queensland Brain Institute and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nestadt, Gerald" sort="Nestadt, Gerald" uniqKey="Nestadt G" first="Gerald" last="Nestadt">Gerald Nestadt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicodemus, Kristin K" sort="Nicodemus, Kristin K" uniqKey="Nicodemus K" first="Kristin K" last="Nicodemus">Kristin K. Nicodemus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150">Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikitina Zake, Liene" sort="Nikitina Zake, Liene" uniqKey="Nikitina Zake L" first="Liene" last="Nikitina-Zake">Liene Nikitina-Zake</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nisenbaum, Laura" sort="Nisenbaum, Laura" uniqKey="Nisenbaum L" first="Laura" last="Nisenbaum">Laura Nisenbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151">Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nordin, Annelie" sort="Nordin, Annelie" uniqKey="Nordin A" first="Annelie" last="Nordin">Annelie Nordin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Allaghan, Eadbhard" sort="O Allaghan, Eadbhard" uniqKey="O Allaghan E" first="Eadbhard" last="O Allaghan">Eadbhard O Allaghan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153">DETECT Early Intervention Service for Psychosis, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Ushlaine, Colm" sort="O Ushlaine, Colm" uniqKey="O Ushlaine C" first="Colm" last="O Ushlaine">Colm O Ushlaine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Eill, F Anthony" sort="O Eill, F Anthony" uniqKey="O Eill F" first="F Anthony" last="O Eill">F Anthony O Eill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Sang Yun" sort="Oh, Sang Yun" uniqKey="Oh S" first="Sang-Yun" last="Oh">Sang-Yun Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olincy, Ann" sort="Olincy, Ann" uniqKey="Olincy A" first="Ann" last="Olincy">Ann Olincy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsen, Line" sort="Olsen, Line" uniqKey="Olsen L" first="Line" last="Olsen">Line Olsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Os, Jim" sort="Van Os, Jim" uniqKey="Van Os J" first="Jim" last="Van Os">Jim Van Os</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156">Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College London, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pantelis, Christos" sort="Pantelis, Christos" uniqKey="Pantelis C" first="Christos" last="Pantelis">Christos Pantelis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158">Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papadimitriou, George N" sort="Papadimitriou, George N" uniqKey="Papadimitriou G" first="George N" last="Papadimitriou">George N. Papadimitriou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">First Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papiol, Sergi" sort="Papiol, Sergi" uniqKey="Papiol S" first="Sergi" last="Papiol">Sergi Papiol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkhomenko, Elena" sort="Parkhomenko, Elena" uniqKey="Parkhomenko E" first="Elena" last="Parkhomenko">Elena Parkhomenko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Michele T" sort="Pato, Michele T" uniqKey="Pato M" first="Michele T" last="Pato">Michele T. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paunio, Tiina" sort="Paunio, Tiina" uniqKey="Paunio T" first="Tiina" last="Paunio">Tiina Paunio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pejovic Milovancevic, Milica" sort="Pejovic Milovancevic, Milica" uniqKey="Pejovic Milovancevic M" first="Milica" last="Pejovic-Milovancevic">Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161">Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perkins, Diana O" sort="Perkins, Diana O" uniqKey="Perkins D" first="Diana O" last="Perkins">Diana O. Perkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietil Inen, Olli" sort="Pietil Inen, Olli" uniqKey="Pietil Inen O" first="Olli" last="Pietil Inen">Olli Pietil Inen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimm, Jonathan" sort="Pimm, Jonathan" uniqKey="Pimm J" first="Jonathan" last="Pimm">Jonathan Pimm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pocklington, Andrew J" sort="Pocklington, Andrew J" uniqKey="Pocklington A" first="Andrew J" last="Pocklington">Andrew J. Pocklington</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, John" sort="Powell, John" uniqKey="Powell J" first="John" last="Powell">John Powell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">King’s College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Alkes" sort="Price, Alkes" uniqKey="Price A" first="Alkes" last="Price">Alkes Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pulver, Ann E" sort="Pulver, Ann E" uniqKey="Pulver A" first="Ann E" last="Pulver">Ann E. Pulver</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Shaun M" sort="Purcell, Shaun M" uniqKey="Purcell S" first="Shaun M" last="Purcell">Shaun M. Purcell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quested, Digby" sort="Quested, Digby" uniqKey="Quested D" first="Digby" last="Quested">Digby Quested</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, Henrik B" sort="Rasmussen, Henrik B" uniqKey="Rasmussen H" first="Henrik B" last="Rasmussen">Henrik B. Rasmussen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichenberg, Abraham" sort="Reichenberg, Abraham" uniqKey="Reichenberg A" first="Abraham" last="Reichenberg">Abraham Reichenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reimers, Mark A" sort="Reimers, Mark A" uniqKey="Reimers M" first="Mark A" last="Reimers">Mark A. Reimers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richards, Alexander L" sort="Richards, Alexander L" uniqKey="Richards A" first="Alexander L" last="Richards">Alexander L. Richards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roffman, Joshua L" sort="Roffman, Joshua L" uniqKey="Roffman J" first="Joshua L" last="Roffman">Joshua L. Roffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roussos, Panos" sort="Roussos, Panos" uniqKey="Roussos P" first="Panos" last="Roussos">Panos Roussos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruderfer, Douglas M" sort="Ruderfer, Douglas M" uniqKey="Ruderfer D" first="Douglas M" last="Ruderfer">Douglas M. Ruderfer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanders, Alan R" sort="Sanders, Alan R" uniqKey="Sanders A" first="Alan R" last="Sanders">Alan R. Sanders</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schall, Ulrich" sort="Schall, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schall U" first="Ulrich" last="Schall">Ulrich Schall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schubert, Christian R" sort="Schubert, Christian R" uniqKey="Schubert C" first="Christian R" last="Schubert">Christian R. Schubert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze, Thomas G" sort="Schulze, Thomas G" uniqKey="Schulze T" first="Thomas G" last="Schulze">Thomas G. Schulze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Gottingen, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwab, Sibylle G" sort="Schwab, Sibylle G" uniqKey="Schwab S" first="Sibylle G" last="Schwab">Sibylle G. Schwab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic, University of Erlangen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scolnick, Edward M" sort="Scolnick, Edward M" uniqKey="Scolnick E" first="Edward M" last="Scolnick">Edward M. Scolnick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Rodney J" sort="Scott, Rodney J" uniqKey="Scott R" first="Rodney J" last="Scott">Rodney J. Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Hunter New England Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172">School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seidman, Larry J" sort="Seidman, Larry J" uniqKey="Seidman L" first="Larry J" last="Seidman">Larry J. Seidman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Jianxin" sort="Shi, Jianxin" uniqKey="Shi J" first="Jianxin" last="Shi">Jianxin Shi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sigurdsson, Engilbert" sort="Sigurdsson, Engilbert" uniqKey="Sigurdsson E" first="Engilbert" last="Sigurdsson">Engilbert Sigurdsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">University of Iceland, Landspitali, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silagadze, Teimuraz" sort="Silagadze, Teimuraz" uniqKey="Silagadze T" first="Teimuraz" last="Silagadze">Teimuraz Silagadze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silverman, Jeremy M" sort="Silverman, Jeremy M" uniqKey="Silverman J" first="Jeremy M" last="Silverman">Jeremy M. Silverman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176">Research and Development, Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sim, Kang" sort="Sim, Kang" uniqKey="Sim K" first="Kang" last="Sim">Kang Sim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slominsky, Petr" sort="Slominsky, Petr" uniqKey="Slominsky P" first="Petr" last="Slominsky">Petr Slominsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smoller, Jordan W" sort="Smoller, Jordan W" uniqKey="Smoller J" first="Jordan W" last="Smoller">Jordan W. Smoller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="So, Hon Cheong" sort="So, Hon Cheong" uniqKey="So H" first="Hon-Cheong" last="So">Hon-Cheong So</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, Chris C A" sort="Spencer, Chris C A" uniqKey="Spencer C" first="Chris C A" last="Spencer">Chris C A. Spencer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stahl, Eli A" sort="Stahl, Eli A" uniqKey="Stahl E" first="Eli A" last="Stahl">Eli A. Stahl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Hreinn" sort="Stefansson, Hreinn" uniqKey="Stefansson H" first="Hreinn" last="Stefansson">Hreinn Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinberg, Stacy" sort="Steinberg, Stacy" uniqKey="Steinberg S" first="Stacy" last="Steinberg">Stacy Steinberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stogmann, Elisabeth" sort="Stogmann, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Stogmann E" first="Elisabeth" last="Stogmann">Elisabeth Stogmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Straub, Richard E" sort="Straub, Richard E" uniqKey="Straub R" first="Richard E" last="Straub">Richard E. Straub</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strengman, Eric" sort="Strengman, Eric" uniqKey="Strengman E" first="Eric" last="Strengman">Eric Strengman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strohmaier, Jana" sort="Strohmaier, Jana" uniqKey="Strohmaier J" first="Jana" last="Strohmaier">Jana Strohmaier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stroup, T Scott" sort="Stroup, T Scott" uniqKey="Stroup T" first="T Scott" last="Stroup">T Scott Stroup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramaniam, Mythily" sort="Subramaniam, Mythily" uniqKey="Subramaniam M" first="Mythily" last="Subramaniam">Mythily Subramaniam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suvisaari, Jaana" sort="Suvisaari, Jaana" uniqKey="Suvisaari J" first="Jaana" last="Suvisaari">Jaana Suvisaari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svrakic, Dragan M" sort="Svrakic, Dragan M" uniqKey="Svrakic D" first="Dragan M" last="Svrakic">Dragan M. Svrakic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Szatkiewicz, Jin P" sort="Szatkiewicz, Jin P" uniqKey="Szatkiewicz J" first="Jin P" last="Szatkiewicz">Jin P. Szatkiewicz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soderman, Erik" sort="Soderman, Erik" uniqKey="Soderman E" first="Erik" last="Söderman">Erik Söderman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thirumalai, Srinivas" sort="Thirumalai, Srinivas" uniqKey="Thirumalai S" first="Srinivas" last="Thirumalai">Srinivas Thirumalai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183">Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toncheva, Draga" sort="Toncheva, Draga" uniqKey="Toncheva D" first="Draga" last="Toncheva">Draga Toncheva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tosato, Sarah" sort="Tosato, Sarah" uniqKey="Tosato S" first="Sarah" last="Tosato">Sarah Tosato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184">Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veijola, Juha" sort="Veijola, Juha" uniqKey="Veijola J" first="Juha" last="Veijola">Juha Veijola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185">Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186">University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waddington, John" sort="Waddington, John" uniqKey="Waddington J" first="John" last="Waddington">John Waddington</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walsh, Dermot" sort="Walsh, Dermot" uniqKey="Walsh D" first="Dermot" last="Walsh">Dermot Walsh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Health Research Board, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Dai" sort="Wang, Dai" uniqKey="Wang D" first="Dai" last="Wang">Dai Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Qiang" sort="Wang, Qiang" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qiang" last="Wang">Qiang Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Mental Health Centre and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, Sichuan, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webb, Bradley T" sort="Webb, Bradley T" uniqKey="Webb B" first="Bradley T" last="Webb">Bradley T. Webb</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiser, Mark" sort="Weiser, Mark" uniqKey="Weiser M" first="Mark" last="Weiser">Mark Weiser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wildenauer, Dieter B" sort="Wildenauer, Dieter B" uniqKey="Wildenauer D" first="Dieter B" last="Wildenauer">Dieter B. Wildenauer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189">Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Nigel M" sort="Williams, Nigel M" uniqKey="Williams N" first="Nigel M" last="Williams">Nigel M. Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Stephanie" sort="Williams, Stephanie" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Stephanie" last="Williams">Stephanie Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Witt, Stephanie H" sort="Witt, Stephanie H" uniqKey="Witt S" first="Stephanie H" last="Witt">Stephanie H. Witt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolen, Aaron R" sort="Wolen, Aaron R" uniqKey="Wolen A" first="Aaron R" last="Wolen">Aaron R. Wolen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Emily Hm" sort="Wong, Emily Hm" uniqKey="Wong E" first="Emily Hm" last="Wong">Emily Hm Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wormley, Brandon K" sort="Wormley, Brandon K" uniqKey="Wormley B" first="Brandon K" last="Wormley">Brandon K. Wormley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xi, Hualin Simon" sort="Xi, Hualin Simon" uniqKey="Xi H" first="Hualin Simon" last="Xi">Hualin Simon Xi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191">Computational Sciences CoE, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zai, Clement C" sort="Zai, Clement C" uniqKey="Zai C" first="Clement C" last="Zai">Clement C. Zai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Xuebin" sort="Zheng, Xuebin" uniqKey="Zheng X" first="Xuebin" last="Zheng">Xuebin Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zimprich, Fritz" sort="Zimprich, Fritz" uniqKey="Zimprich F" first="Fritz" last="Zimprich">Fritz Zimprich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wray, Naomi R" sort="Wray, Naomi R" uniqKey="Wray N" first="Naomi R" last="Wray">Naomi R. Wray</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Kari" sort="Stefansson, Kari" uniqKey="Stefansson K" first="Kari" last="Stefansson">Kari Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Visscher, Peter M" sort="Visscher, Peter M" uniqKey="Visscher P" first="Peter M" last="Visscher">Peter M. Visscher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adolfsson, Rolf" sort="Adolfsson, Rolf" uniqKey="Adolfsson R" first="Rolf" last="Adolfsson">Rolf Adolfsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andreassen, Ole A" sort="Andreassen, Ole A" uniqKey="Andreassen O" first="Ole A" last="Andreassen">Ole A. Andreassen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blackwood, Douglas Hr" sort="Blackwood, Douglas Hr" uniqKey="Blackwood D" first="Douglas Hr" last="Blackwood">Douglas Hr Blackwood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bramon, Elvira" sort="Bramon, Elvira" uniqKey="Bramon E" first="Elvira" last="Bramon">Elvira Bramon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194">University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buxbaum, Joseph D" sort="Buxbaum, Joseph D" uniqKey="Buxbaum J" first="Joseph D" last="Buxbaum">Joseph D. Buxbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Department of Human Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195">Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="B Rglum, Anders D" sort="B Rglum, Anders D" uniqKey="B Rglum A" first="Anders D" last="B Rglum">Anders D. B Rglum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196">Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Darvasi, Ariel" sort="Darvasi, Ariel" uniqKey="Darvasi A" first="Ariel" last="Darvasi">Ariel Darvasi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197">Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Domenici, Enrico" sort="Domenici, Enrico" uniqKey="Domenici E" first="Enrico" last="Domenici">Enrico Domenici</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198">Neuroscience Discovery and Translational Area, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ehrenreich, Hannelore" sort="Ehrenreich, Hannelore" uniqKey="Ehrenreich H" first="Hannelore" last="Ehrenreich">Hannelore Ehrenreich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gejman, Pablo V" sort="Gejman, Pablo V" uniqKey="Gejman P" first="Pablo V" last="Gejman">Pablo V. Gejman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gill, Michael" sort="Gill, Michael" uniqKey="Gill M" first="Michael" last="Gill">Michael Gill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gurling, Hugh" sort="Gurling, Hugh" uniqKey="Gurling H" first="Hugh" last="Gurling">Hugh Gurling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hultman, Christina M" sort="Hultman, Christina M" uniqKey="Hultman C" first="Christina M" last="Hultman">Christina M. Hultman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwata, Nakao" sort="Iwata, Nakao" uniqKey="Iwata N" first="Nakao" last="Iwata">Nakao Iwata</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jablensky, Assen V" sort="Jablensky, Assen V" uniqKey="Jablensky A" first="Assen V" last="Jablensky">Assen V. Jablensky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200">The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201">UWA Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jonsson, Erik G" sort="Jonsson, Erik G" uniqKey="Jonsson E" first="Erik G" last="Jönsson">Erik G. Jönsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth S" sort="Kendler, Kenneth S" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth S" last="Kendler">Kenneth S. Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirov, George" sort="Kirov, George" uniqKey="Kirov G" first="George" last="Kirov">George Kirov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knight, Jo" sort="Knight, Jo" uniqKey="Knight J" first="Jo" last="Knight">Jo Knight</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lencz, Todd" sort="Lencz, Todd" uniqKey="Lencz T" first="Todd" last="Lencz">Todd Lencz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">The Hofstra NS-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levinson, Douglas F" sort="Levinson, Douglas F" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="Douglas F" last="Levinson">Douglas F. Levinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Qingqin S" sort="Li, Qingqin S" uniqKey="Li Q" first="Qingqin S" last="Li">Qingqin S. Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Jianjun" sort="Liu, Jianjun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jianjun" last="Liu">Jianjun Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malhotra, Anil K" sort="Malhotra, Anil K" uniqKey="Malhotra A" first="Anil K" last="Malhotra">Anil K. Malhotra</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">The Hofstra NS-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarroll, Steven A" sort="Mccarroll, Steven A" uniqKey="Mccarroll S" first="Steven A" last="Mccarroll">Steven A. Mccarroll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcquillin, Andrew" sort="Mcquillin, Andrew" uniqKey="Mcquillin A" first="Andrew" last="Mcquillin">Andrew Mcquillin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moran, Jennifer L" sort="Moran, Jennifer L" uniqKey="Moran J" first="Jennifer L" last="Moran">Jennifer L. Moran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mortensen, Preben B" sort="Mortensen, Preben B" uniqKey="Mortensen P" first="Preben B" last="Mortensen">Preben B. Mortensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre for Integrative Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mowry, Bryan J" sort="Mowry, Bryan J" uniqKey="Mowry B" first="Bryan J" last="Mowry">Bryan J. Mowry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M" last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owen, Michael J" sort="Owen, Michael J" uniqKey="Owen M" first="Michael J" last="Owen">Michael J. Owen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Carlos N" sort="Pato, Carlos N" uniqKey="Pato C" first="Carlos N" last="Pato">Carlos N. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petryshen, Tracey L" sort="Petryshen, Tracey L" uniqKey="Petryshen T" first="Tracey L" last="Petryshen">Tracey L. Petryshen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212">Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213">Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rietschel, Marcella" sort="Rietschel, Marcella" uniqKey="Rietschel M" first="Marcella" last="Rietschel">Marcella Rietschel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, Brien P" sort="Riley, Brien P" uniqKey="Riley B" first="Brien P" last="Riley">Brien P. Riley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rujescu, Dan" sort="Rujescu, Dan" uniqKey="Rujescu D" first="Dan" last="Rujescu">Dan Rujescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sham, Pak C" sort="Sham, Pak C" uniqKey="Sham P" first="Pak C" last="Sham">Pak C. Sham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214">Centre for Genomic Sciences, State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sklar, Pamela" sort="Sklar, Pamela" uniqKey="Sklar P" first="Pamela" last="Sklar">Pamela Sklar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="St Clair, David" sort="St Clair, David" uniqKey="St Clair D" first="David" last="St Clair">David St Clair</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A215">University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weinberger, Daniel R" sort="Weinberger, Daniel R" uniqKey="Weinberger D" first="Daniel R" last="Weinberger">Daniel R. Weinberger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A216">Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wendland, Jens R" sort="Wendland, Jens R" uniqKey="Wendland J" first="Jens R" last="Wendland">Jens R. Wendland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Werge, Thomas" sort="Werge, Thomas" uniqKey="Werge T" first="Thomas" last="Werge">Thomas Werge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daly, Mark J" sort="Daly, Mark J" uniqKey="Daly M" first="Mark J" last="Daly">Mark J. Daly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Patrick F" sort="Sullivan, Patrick F" uniqKey="Sullivan P" first="Patrick F" last="Sullivan">Patrick F. Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Onovan, Michael C" sort="O Onovan, Michael C" uniqKey="O Onovan M" first="Michael C" last="O Onovan">Michael C. O Onovan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25056061</idno><idno type="pmc">4112379</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112379</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4112379</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/nature13595</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002D66</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002D66</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Biological Insights From 108 Schizophrenia-Associated Genetic Loci</title><author><name sortKey="Ripke, Stephan" sort="Ripke, Stephan" uniqKey="Ripke S" first="Stephan" last="Ripke">Stephan Ripke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M" last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corvin, Aiden" sort="Corvin, Aiden" uniqKey="Corvin A" first="Aiden" last="Corvin">Aiden Corvin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walters, James Tr" sort="Walters, James Tr" uniqKey="Walters J" first="James Tr" last="Walters">James Tr Walters</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farh, Kai How" sort="Farh, Kai How" uniqKey="Farh K" first="Kai-How" last="Farh">Kai-How Farh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmans, Peter A" sort="Holmans, Peter A" uniqKey="Holmans P" first="Peter A" last="Holmans">Peter A. Holmans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Phil" sort="Lee, Phil" uniqKey="Lee P" first="Phil" last="Lee">Phil Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bulik Sullivan, Brendan" sort="Bulik Sullivan, Brendan" uniqKey="Bulik Sullivan B" first="Brendan" last="Bulik-Sullivan">Brendan Bulik-Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collier, David A" sort="Collier, David A" uniqKey="Collier D" first="David A" last="Collier">David A. Collier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Hailiang" sort="Huang, Hailiang" uniqKey="Huang H" first="Hailiang" last="Huang">Hailiang Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pers, Tune H" sort="Pers, Tune H" uniqKey="Pers T" first="Tune H" last="Pers">Tune H. Pers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agartz, Ingrid" sort="Agartz, Ingrid" uniqKey="Agartz I" first="Ingrid" last="Agartz">Ingrid Agartz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agerbo, Esben" sort="Agerbo, Esben" uniqKey="Agerbo E" first="Esben" last="Agerbo">Esben Agerbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre for Integrative Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albus, Margot" sort="Albus, Margot" uniqKey="Albus M" first="Margot" last="Albus">Margot Albus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">State Mental Hospital, Haar, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alexander, Madeline" sort="Alexander, Madeline" uniqKey="Alexander M" first="Madeline" last="Alexander">Madeline Alexander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amin, Farooq" sort="Amin, Farooq" uniqKey="Amin F" first="Farooq" last="Amin">Farooq Amin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bacanu, Silviu A" sort="Bacanu, Silviu A" uniqKey="Bacanu S" first="Silviu A" last="Bacanu">Silviu A. Bacanu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Begemann, Martin" sort="Begemann, Martin" uniqKey="Begemann M" first="Martin" last="Begemann">Martin Begemann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Belliveau, Richard A" sort="Belliveau, Richard A" uniqKey="Belliveau R" first="Richard A" last="Belliveau">Richard A. Belliveau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bene, Judit" sort="Bene, Judit" uniqKey="Bene J" first="Judit" last="Bene">Judit Bene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergen, Sarah E" sort="Bergen, Sarah E" uniqKey="Bergen S" first="Sarah E" last="Bergen">Sarah E. Bergen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bevilacqua, Elizabeth" sort="Bevilacqua, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Bevilacqua E" first="Elizabeth" last="Bevilacqua">Elizabeth Bevilacqua</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigdeli, Tim B" sort="Bigdeli, Tim B" uniqKey="Bigdeli T" first="Tim B" last="Bigdeli">Tim B. Bigdeli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Black, Donald W" sort="Black, Donald W" uniqKey="Black D" first="Donald W" last="Black">Donald W. Black</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruggeman, Richard" sort="Bruggeman, Richard" uniqKey="Bruggeman R" first="Richard" last="Bruggeman">Richard Bruggeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buccola, Nancy G" sort="Buccola, Nancy G" uniqKey="Buccola N" first="Nancy G" last="Buccola">Nancy G. Buccola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buckner, Randy L" sort="Buckner, Randy L" uniqKey="Buckner R" first="Randy L" last="Buckner">Randy L. Buckner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byerley, William" sort="Byerley, William" uniqKey="Byerley W" first="William" last="Byerley">William Byerley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cahn, Wiepke" sort="Cahn, Wiepke" uniqKey="Cahn W" first="Wiepke" last="Cahn">Wiepke Cahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Guiqing" sort="Cai, Guiqing" uniqKey="Cai G" first="Guiqing" last="Cai">Guiqing Cai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Department of Human Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Campion, Dominique" sort="Campion, Dominique" uniqKey="Campion D" first="Dominique" last="Campion">Dominique Campion</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray and INSERM U1079 Faculty of Medicine, Rouen, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cantor, Rita M" sort="Cantor, Rita M" uniqKey="Cantor R" first="Rita M" last="Cantor">Rita M. Cantor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carr, Vaughan J" sort="Carr, Vaughan J" uniqKey="Carr V" first="Vaughan J" last="Carr">Vaughan J. Carr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carrera, Noa" sort="Carrera, Noa" uniqKey="Carrera N" first="Noa" last="Carrera">Noa Carrera</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Catts, Stanley V" sort="Catts, Stanley V" uniqKey="Catts S" first="Stanley V" last="Catts">Stanley V. Catts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambert, Kimberley D" sort="Chambert, Kimberley D" uniqKey="Chambert K" first="Kimberley D" last="Chambert">Kimberley D. Chambert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Raymond Ck" sort="Chan, Raymond Ck" uniqKey="Chan R" first="Raymond Ck" last="Chan">Raymond Ck Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Ronald Yl" sort="Chan, Ronald Yl" uniqKey="Chan R" first="Ronald Yl" last="Chan">Ronald Yl Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Eric Yh" sort="Chen, Eric Yh" uniqKey="Chen E" first="Eric Yh" last="Chen">Eric Yh Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Psychiatry and State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Wei" sort="Cheng, Wei" uniqKey="Cheng W" first="Wei" last="Cheng">Wei Cheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, Eric Fc" sort="Cheung, Eric Fc" uniqKey="Cheung E" first="Eric Fc" last="Cheung">Eric Fc Cheung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chong, Siow Ann" sort="Chong, Siow Ann" uniqKey="Chong S" first="Siow Ann" last="Chong">Siow Ann Chong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cloninger, C Robert" sort="Cloninger, C Robert" uniqKey="Cloninger C" first="C Robert" last="Cloninger">C Robert Cloninger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, David" sort="Cohen, David" uniqKey="Cohen D" first="David" last="Cohen">David Cohen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine and Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Nadine" sort="Cohen, Nadine" uniqKey="Cohen N" first="Nadine" last="Cohen">Nadine Cohen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Formerly of Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cormican, Paul" sort="Cormican, Paul" uniqKey="Cormican P" first="Paul" last="Cormican">Paul Cormican</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Craddock, Nick" sort="Craddock, Nick" uniqKey="Craddock N" first="Nick" last="Craddock">Nick Craddock</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crowley, James J" sort="Crowley, James J" uniqKey="Crowley J" first="James J" last="Crowley">James J. Crowley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Curtis, David" sort="Curtis, David" uniqKey="Curtis D" first="David" last="Curtis">David Curtis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Psychological Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davidson, Michael" sort="Davidson, Michael" uniqKey="Davidson M" first="Michael" last="Davidson">Michael Davidson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Kenneth L" sort="Davis, Kenneth L" uniqKey="Davis K" first="Kenneth L" last="Davis">Kenneth L. Davis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Degenhardt, Franziska" sort="Degenhardt, Franziska" uniqKey="Degenhardt F" first="Franziska" last="Degenhardt">Franziska Degenhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Del Favero, Jurgen" sort="Del Favero, Jurgen" uniqKey="Del Favero J" first="Jurgen" last="Del Favero">Jurgen Del Favero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Applied Molecular Genomics Unit, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demontis, Ditte" sort="Demontis, Ditte" uniqKey="Demontis D" first="Ditte" last="Demontis">Ditte Demontis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dikeos, Dimitris" sort="Dikeos, Dimitris" uniqKey="Dikeos D" first="Dimitris" last="Dikeos">Dimitris Dikeos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">First Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dinan, Timothy" sort="Dinan, Timothy" uniqKey="Dinan T" first="Timothy" last="Dinan">Timothy Dinan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Djurovic, Srdjan" sort="Djurovic, Srdjan" uniqKey="Djurovic S" first="Srdjan" last="Djurovic">Srdjan Djurovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donohoe, Gary" sort="Donohoe, Gary" uniqKey="Donohoe G" first="Gary" last="Donohoe">Gary Donohoe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drapeau, Elodie" sort="Drapeau, Elodie" uniqKey="Drapeau E" first="Elodie" last="Drapeau">Elodie Drapeau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Jubao" sort="Duan, Jubao" uniqKey="Duan J" first="Jubao" last="Duan">Jubao Duan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dudbridge, Frank" sort="Dudbridge, Frank" uniqKey="Dudbridge F" first="Frank" last="Dudbridge">Frank Dudbridge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Durmishi, Naser" sort="Durmishi, Naser" uniqKey="Durmishi N" first="Naser" last="Durmishi">Naser Durmishi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinic of Psychiatry, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eichhammer, Peter" sort="Eichhammer, Peter" uniqKey="Eichhammer P" first="Peter" last="Eichhammer">Peter Eichhammer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan" sort="Eriksson, Johan" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan" last="Eriksson">Johan Eriksson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Escott Price, Valentina" sort="Escott Price, Valentina" uniqKey="Escott Price V" first="Valentina" last="Escott-Price">Valentina Escott-Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Essioux, Laurent" sort="Essioux, Laurent" uniqKey="Essioux L" first="Laurent" last="Essioux">Laurent Essioux</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Translational Technologies and Bioinformatics, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fanous, Ayman H" sort="Fanous, Ayman H" uniqKey="Fanous A" first="Ayman H" last="Fanous">Ayman H. Fanous</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Mental Health Service Line, Washington VA Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farrell, Martilias S" sort="Farrell, Martilias S" uniqKey="Farrell M" first="Martilias S" last="Farrell">Martilias S. Farrell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frank, Josef" sort="Frank, Josef" uniqKey="Frank J" first="Josef" last="Frank">Josef Frank</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Lude" sort="Franke, Lude" uniqKey="Franke L" first="Lude" last="Franke">Lude Franke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freedman, Robert" sort="Freedman, Robert" uniqKey="Freedman R" first="Robert" last="Freedman">Robert Freedman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freimer, Nelson B" sort="Freimer, Nelson B" uniqKey="Freimer N" first="Nelson B" last="Freimer">Nelson B. Freimer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedl, Marion" sort="Friedl, Marion" uniqKey="Friedl M" first="Marion" last="Friedl">Marion Friedl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedman, Joseph I" sort="Friedman, Joseph I" uniqKey="Friedman J" first="Joseph I" last="Friedman">Joseph I. Friedman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fromer, Menachem" sort="Fromer, Menachem" uniqKey="Fromer M" first="Menachem" last="Fromer">Menachem Fromer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Genovese, Giulio" sort="Genovese, Giulio" uniqKey="Genovese G" first="Giulio" last="Genovese">Giulio Genovese</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Georgieva, Lyudmila" sort="Georgieva, Lyudmila" uniqKey="Georgieva L" first="Lyudmila" last="Georgieva">Lyudmila Georgieva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giegling, Ina" sort="Giegling, Ina" uniqKey="Giegling I" first="Ina" last="Giegling">Ina Giegling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giusti Rodriguez, Paola" sort="Giusti Rodriguez, Paola" uniqKey="Giusti Rodriguez P" first="Paola" last="Giusti-Rodríguez">Paola Giusti-Rodríguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Godard, Stephanie" sort="Godard, Stephanie" uniqKey="Godard S" first="Stephanie" last="Godard">Stephanie Godard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de la Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Jacqueline I" sort="Goldstein, Jacqueline I" uniqKey="Goldstein J" first="Jacqueline I" last="Goldstein">Jacqueline I. Goldstein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Golimbet, Vera" sort="Golimbet, Vera" uniqKey="Golimbet V" first="Vera" last="Golimbet">Vera Golimbet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">Mental Health Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gopal, Srihari" sort="Gopal, Srihari" uniqKey="Gopal S" first="Srihari" last="Gopal">Srihari Gopal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gratten, Jacob" sort="Gratten, Jacob" uniqKey="Gratten J" first="Jacob" last="Gratten">Jacob Gratten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Haan, Lieuwe" sort="De Haan, Lieuwe" uniqKey="De Haan L" first="Lieuwe" last="De Haan">Lieuwe De Haan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hammer, Christian" sort="Hammer, Christian" uniqKey="Hammer C" first="Christian" last="Hammer">Christian Hammer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamshere, Marian L" sort="Hamshere, Marian L" uniqKey="Hamshere M" first="Marian L" last="Hamshere">Marian L. Hamshere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Mark" sort="Hansen, Mark" uniqKey="Hansen M" first="Mark" last="Hansen">Mark Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Illumina, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, Thomas" sort="Hansen, Thomas" uniqKey="Hansen T" first="Thomas" last="Hansen">Thomas Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haroutunian, Vahram" sort="Haroutunian, Vahram" uniqKey="Haroutunian V" first="Vahram" last="Haroutunian">Vahram Haroutunian</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hartmann, Annette M" sort="Hartmann, Annette M" uniqKey="Hartmann A" first="Annette M" last="Hartmann">Annette M. Hartmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henskens, Frans A" sort="Henskens, Frans A" uniqKey="Henskens F" first="Frans A" last="Henskens">Frans A. Henskens</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herms, Stefan" sort="Herms, Stefan" uniqKey="Herms S" first="Stefan" last="Herms">Stefan Herms</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Per" sort="Hoffmann, Per" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Per" last="Hoffmann">Per Hoffmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofman, Andrea" sort="Hofman, Andrea" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Andrea" last="Hofman">Andrea Hofman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hollegaard, Mads V" sort="Hollegaard, Mads V" uniqKey="Hollegaard M" first="Mads V" last="Hollegaard">Mads V. Hollegaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hougaard, David M" sort="Hougaard, David M" uniqKey="Hougaard D" first="David M" last="Hougaard">David M. Hougaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikeda, Masashi" sort="Ikeda, Masashi" uniqKey="Ikeda M" first="Masashi" last="Ikeda">Masashi Ikeda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joa, Inge" sort="Joa, Inge" uniqKey="Joa I" first="Inge" last="Joa">Inge Joa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Julia, Antonio" sort="Julia, Antonio" uniqKey="Julia A" first="Antonio" last="Julià">Antonio Julià</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahn, Rene S" sort="Kahn, Rene S" uniqKey="Kahn R" first="René S" last="Kahn">René S. Kahn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kalaydjieva, Luba" sort="Kalaydjieva, Luba" uniqKey="Kalaydjieva L" first="Luba" last="Kalaydjieva">Luba Kalaydjieva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Perkins Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karachanak Yankova, Sena" sort="Karachanak Yankova, Sena" uniqKey="Karachanak Yankova S" first="Sena" last="Karachanak-Yankova">Sena Karachanak-Yankova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karjalainen, Juha" sort="Karjalainen, Juha" uniqKey="Karjalainen J" first="Juha" last="Karjalainen">Juha Karjalainen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kavanagh, David" sort="Kavanagh, David" uniqKey="Kavanagh D" first="David" last="Kavanagh">David Kavanagh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keller, Matthew C" sort="Keller, Matthew C" uniqKey="Keller M" first="Matthew C" last="Keller">Matthew C. Keller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, James L" sort="Kennedy, James L" uniqKey="Kennedy J" first="James L" last="Kennedy">James L. Kennedy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khrunin, Andrey" sort="Khrunin, Andrey" uniqKey="Khrunin A" first="Andrey" last="Khrunin">Andrey Khrunin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yunjung" sort="Kim, Yunjung" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yunjung" last="Kim">Yunjung Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klovins, Janis" sort="Klovins, Janis" uniqKey="Klovins J" first="Janis" last="Klovins">Janis Klovins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knowles, James A" sort="Knowles, James A" uniqKey="Knowles J" first="James A" last="Knowles">James A. Knowles</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konte, Bettina" sort="Konte, Bettina" uniqKey="Konte B" first="Bettina" last="Konte">Bettina Konte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kucinskas, Vaidutis" sort="Kucinskas, Vaidutis" uniqKey="Kucinskas V" first="Vaidutis" last="Kucinskas">Vaidutis Kucinskas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele" sort="Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele" uniqKey="Kucinskiene Z" first="Zita Ausrele" last="Kucinskiene">Zita Ausrele Kucinskiene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuzelova Ptackova, Hana" sort="Kuzelova Ptackova, Hana" uniqKey="Kuzelova Ptackova H" first="Hana" last="Kuzelova-Ptackova">Hana Kuzelova-Ptackova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Hler, Anna K" sort="K Hler, Anna K" uniqKey="K Hler A" first="Anna K" last="K Hler">Anna K. K Hler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laurent, Claudine" sort="Laurent, Claudine" uniqKey="Laurent C" first="Claudine" last="Laurent">Claudine Laurent</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jimmy" sort="Lee, Jimmy" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jimmy" last="Lee">Jimmy Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S Hong" sort="Lee, S Hong" uniqKey="Lee S" first="S Hong" last="Lee">S Hong Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legge, Sophie E" sort="Legge, Sophie E" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sophie E" last="Legge">Sophie E. Legge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lerer, Bernard" sort="Lerer, Bernard" uniqKey="Lerer B" first="Bernard" last="Lerer">Bernard Lerer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Miaoxin" sort="Li, Miaoxin" uniqKey="Li M" first="Miaoxin" last="Li">Miaoxin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Centre for Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Tao" sort="Li, Tao" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tao" last="Li">Tao Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Mental Health Centre and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, Sichuan, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Kung Yee" sort="Liang, Kung Yee" uniqKey="Liang K" first="Kung-Yee" last="Liang">Kung-Yee Liang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lieberman, Jeffrey" sort="Lieberman, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Lieberman J" first="Jeffrey" last="Lieberman">Jeffrey Lieberman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Limborska, Svetlana" sort="Limborska, Svetlana" uniqKey="Limborska S" first="Svetlana" last="Limborska">Svetlana Limborska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loughland, Carmel M" sort="Loughland, Carmel M" uniqKey="Loughland C" first="Carmel M" last="Loughland">Carmel M. Loughland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lubinski, Jan" sort="Lubinski, Jan" uniqKey="Lubinski J" first="Jan" last="Lubinski">Jan Lubinski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lonnqvist, Jouko" sort="Lonnqvist, Jouko" uniqKey="Lonnqvist J" first="Jouko" last="Lönnqvist">Jouko Lönnqvist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macek, Milan" sort="Macek, Milan" uniqKey="Macek M" first="Milan" last="Macek">Milan Macek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magnusson, Patrik Ke" sort="Magnusson, Patrik Ke" uniqKey="Magnusson P" first="Patrik Ke" last="Magnusson">Patrik Ke Magnusson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maher, Brion S" sort="Maher, Brion S" uniqKey="Maher B" first="Brion S" last="Maher">Brion S. Maher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maier, Wolfgang" sort="Maier, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Maier W" first="Wolfgang" last="Maier">Wolfgang Maier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126">Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mallet, Jacques" sort="Mallet, Jacques" uniqKey="Mallet J" first="Jacques" last="Mallet">Jacques Mallet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marsal, Sara" sort="Marsal, Sara" uniqKey="Marsal S" first="Sara" last="Marsal">Sara Marsal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mattheisen, Manuel" sort="Mattheisen, Manuel" uniqKey="Mattheisen M" first="Manuel" last="Mattheisen">Manuel Mattheisen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128">Department of Genomics Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mattingsdal, Morten" sort="Mattingsdal, Morten" uniqKey="Mattingsdal M" first="Morten" last="Mattingsdal">Morten Mattingsdal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129">Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarley, Robert W" sort="Mccarley, Robert W" uniqKey="Mccarley R" first="Robert W" last="Mccarley">Robert W. Mccarley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131">VA Boston Health Care System, Brockton, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Colm" sort="Mcdonald, Colm" uniqKey="Mcdonald C" first="Colm" last="Mcdonald">Colm Mcdonald</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132">Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcintosh, Andrew M" sort="Mcintosh, Andrew M" uniqKey="Mcintosh A" first="Andrew M" last="Mcintosh">Andrew M. Mcintosh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133">Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meier, Sandra" sort="Meier, Sandra" uniqKey="Meier S" first="Sandra" last="Meier">Sandra Meier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Carin J" sort="Meijer, Carin J" uniqKey="Meijer C" first="Carin J" last="Meijer">Carin J. Meijer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melegh, Bela" sort="Melegh, Bela" uniqKey="Melegh B" first="Bela" last="Melegh">Bela Melegh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melle, Ingrid" sort="Melle, Ingrid" uniqKey="Melle I" first="Ingrid" last="Melle">Ingrid Melle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mesholam Gately, Raquelle I" sort="Mesholam Gately, Raquelle I" uniqKey="Mesholam Gately R" first="Raquelle I" last="Mesholam-Gately">Raquelle I. Mesholam-Gately</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metspalu, Andres" sort="Metspalu, Andres" uniqKey="Metspalu A" first="Andres" last="Metspalu">Andres Metspalu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michie, Patricia T" sort="Michie, Patricia T" uniqKey="Michie P" first="Patricia T" last="Michie">Patricia T. Michie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138">School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milani, Lili" sort="Milani, Lili" uniqKey="Milani L" first="Lili" last="Milani">Lili Milani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milanova, Vihra" sort="Milanova, Vihra" uniqKey="Milanova V" first="Vihra" last="Milanova">Vihra Milanova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139">First Psychiatric Clinic, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mokrab, Younes" sort="Mokrab, Younes" uniqKey="Mokrab Y" first="Younes" last="Mokrab">Younes Mokrab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morris, Derek W" sort="Morris, Derek W" uniqKey="Morris D" first="Derek W" last="Morris">Derek W. Morris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mors, Ole" sort="Mors, Ole" uniqKey="Mors O" first="Ole" last="Mors">Ole Mors</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Kieran C" sort="Murphy, Kieran C" uniqKey="Murphy K" first="Kieran C" last="Murphy">Kieran C. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141">Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, Robin M" sort="Murray, Robin M" uniqKey="Murray R" first="Robin M" last="Murray">Robin M. Murray</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">King’s College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myin Germeys, Inez" sort="Myin Germeys, Inez" uniqKey="Myin Germeys I" first="Inez" last="Myin-Germeys">Inez Myin-Germeys</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Myhsok, Bertram" sort="Muller Myhsok, Bertram" uniqKey="Muller Myhsok B" first="Bertram" last="Müller-Myhsok">Bertram Müller-Myhsok</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144">Institute of Translational Medicine, University Liverpool, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145">Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelis, Mari" sort="Nelis, Mari" uniqKey="Nelis M" first="Mari" last="Nelis">Mari Nelis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nenadic, Igor" sort="Nenadic, Igor" uniqKey="Nenadic I" first="Igor" last="Nenadic">Igor Nenadic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nertney, Deborah A" sort="Nertney, Deborah A" uniqKey="Nertney D" first="Deborah A" last="Nertney">Deborah A. Nertney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148">Department of Psychiatry, Queensland Brain Institute and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nestadt, Gerald" sort="Nestadt, Gerald" uniqKey="Nestadt G" first="Gerald" last="Nestadt">Gerald Nestadt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicodemus, Kristin K" sort="Nicodemus, Kristin K" uniqKey="Nicodemus K" first="Kristin K" last="Nicodemus">Kristin K. Nicodemus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150">Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikitina Zake, Liene" sort="Nikitina Zake, Liene" uniqKey="Nikitina Zake L" first="Liene" last="Nikitina-Zake">Liene Nikitina-Zake</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nisenbaum, Laura" sort="Nisenbaum, Laura" uniqKey="Nisenbaum L" first="Laura" last="Nisenbaum">Laura Nisenbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151">Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nordin, Annelie" sort="Nordin, Annelie" uniqKey="Nordin A" first="Annelie" last="Nordin">Annelie Nordin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Allaghan, Eadbhard" sort="O Allaghan, Eadbhard" uniqKey="O Allaghan E" first="Eadbhard" last="O Allaghan">Eadbhard O Allaghan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153">DETECT Early Intervention Service for Psychosis, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Ushlaine, Colm" sort="O Ushlaine, Colm" uniqKey="O Ushlaine C" first="Colm" last="O Ushlaine">Colm O Ushlaine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Eill, F Anthony" sort="O Eill, F Anthony" uniqKey="O Eill F" first="F Anthony" last="O Eill">F Anthony O Eill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154">Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Sang Yun" sort="Oh, Sang Yun" uniqKey="Oh S" first="Sang-Yun" last="Oh">Sang-Yun Oh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olincy, Ann" sort="Olincy, Ann" uniqKey="Olincy A" first="Ann" last="Olincy">Ann Olincy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsen, Line" sort="Olsen, Line" uniqKey="Olsen L" first="Line" last="Olsen">Line Olsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Os, Jim" sort="Van Os, Jim" uniqKey="Van Os J" first="Jim" last="Van Os">Jim Van Os</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143">Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156">Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College London, London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pantelis, Christos" sort="Pantelis, Christos" uniqKey="Pantelis C" first="Christos" last="Pantelis">Christos Pantelis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158">Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papadimitriou, George N" sort="Papadimitriou, George N" uniqKey="Papadimitriou G" first="George N" last="Papadimitriou">George N. Papadimitriou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">First Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papiol, Sergi" sort="Papiol, Sergi" uniqKey="Papiol S" first="Sergi" last="Papiol">Sergi Papiol</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkhomenko, Elena" sort="Parkhomenko, Elena" uniqKey="Parkhomenko E" first="Elena" last="Parkhomenko">Elena Parkhomenko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Michele T" sort="Pato, Michele T" uniqKey="Pato M" first="Michele T" last="Pato">Michele T. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paunio, Tiina" sort="Paunio, Tiina" uniqKey="Paunio T" first="Tiina" last="Paunio">Tiina Paunio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159">Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pejovic Milovancevic, Milica" sort="Pejovic Milovancevic, Milica" uniqKey="Pejovic Milovancevic M" first="Milica" last="Pejovic-Milovancevic">Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161">Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perkins, Diana O" sort="Perkins, Diana O" uniqKey="Perkins D" first="Diana O" last="Perkins">Diana O. Perkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pietil Inen, Olli" sort="Pietil Inen, Olli" uniqKey="Pietil Inen O" first="Olli" last="Pietil Inen">Olli Pietil Inen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160">Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimm, Jonathan" sort="Pimm, Jonathan" uniqKey="Pimm J" first="Jonathan" last="Pimm">Jonathan Pimm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pocklington, Andrew J" sort="Pocklington, Andrew J" uniqKey="Pocklington A" first="Andrew J" last="Pocklington">Andrew J. Pocklington</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, John" sort="Powell, John" uniqKey="Powell J" first="John" last="Powell">John Powell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142">King’s College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Alkes" sort="Price, Alkes" uniqKey="Price A" first="Alkes" last="Price">Alkes Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164">Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pulver, Ann E" sort="Pulver, Ann E" uniqKey="Pulver A" first="Ann E" last="Pulver">Ann E. Pulver</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Shaun M" sort="Purcell, Shaun M" uniqKey="Purcell S" first="Shaun M" last="Purcell">Shaun M. Purcell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quested, Digby" sort="Quested, Digby" uniqKey="Quested D" first="Digby" last="Quested">Digby Quested</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165">Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, Henrik B" sort="Rasmussen, Henrik B" uniqKey="Rasmussen H" first="Henrik B" last="Rasmussen">Henrik B. Rasmussen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichenberg, Abraham" sort="Reichenberg, Abraham" uniqKey="Reichenberg A" first="Abraham" last="Reichenberg">Abraham Reichenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reimers, Mark A" sort="Reimers, Mark A" uniqKey="Reimers M" first="Mark A" last="Reimers">Mark A. Reimers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richards, Alexander L" sort="Richards, Alexander L" uniqKey="Richards A" first="Alexander L" last="Richards">Alexander L. Richards</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roffman, Joshua L" sort="Roffman, Joshua L" uniqKey="Roffman J" first="Joshua L" last="Roffman">Joshua L. Roffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roussos, Panos" sort="Roussos, Panos" uniqKey="Roussos P" first="Panos" last="Roussos">Panos Roussos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruderfer, Douglas M" sort="Ruderfer, Douglas M" uniqKey="Ruderfer D" first="Douglas M" last="Ruderfer">Douglas M. Ruderfer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salomaa, Veikko" sort="Salomaa, Veikko" uniqKey="Salomaa V" first="Veikko" last="Salomaa">Veikko Salomaa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanders, Alan R" sort="Sanders, Alan R" uniqKey="Sanders A" first="Alan R" last="Sanders">Alan R. Sanders</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schall, Ulrich" sort="Schall, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schall U" first="Ulrich" last="Schall">Ulrich Schall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schubert, Christian R" sort="Schubert, Christian R" uniqKey="Schubert C" first="Christian R" last="Schubert">Christian R. Schubert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze, Thomas G" sort="Schulze, Thomas G" uniqKey="Schulze T" first="Thomas G" last="Schulze">Thomas G. Schulze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Gottingen, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwab, Sibylle G" sort="Schwab, Sibylle G" uniqKey="Schwab S" first="Sibylle G" last="Schwab">Sibylle G. Schwab</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170">Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic, University of Erlangen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scolnick, Edward M" sort="Scolnick, Edward M" uniqKey="Scolnick E" first="Edward M" last="Scolnick">Edward M. Scolnick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Rodney J" sort="Scott, Rodney J" uniqKey="Scott R" first="Rodney J" last="Scott">Rodney J. Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171">Hunter New England Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172">School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seidman, Larry J" sort="Seidman, Larry J" uniqKey="Seidman L" first="Larry J" last="Seidman">Larry J. Seidman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136">Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Jianxin" sort="Shi, Jianxin" uniqKey="Shi J" first="Jianxin" last="Shi">Jianxin Shi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sigurdsson, Engilbert" sort="Sigurdsson, Engilbert" uniqKey="Sigurdsson E" first="Engilbert" last="Sigurdsson">Engilbert Sigurdsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174">University of Iceland, Landspitali, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silagadze, Teimuraz" sort="Silagadze, Teimuraz" uniqKey="Silagadze T" first="Teimuraz" last="Silagadze">Teimuraz Silagadze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175">Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silverman, Jeremy M" sort="Silverman, Jeremy M" uniqKey="Silverman J" first="Jeremy M" last="Silverman">Jeremy M. Silverman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176">Research and Development, Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sim, Kang" sort="Sim, Kang" uniqKey="Sim K" first="Kang" last="Sim">Kang Sim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slominsky, Petr" sort="Slominsky, Petr" uniqKey="Slominsky P" first="Petr" last="Slominsky">Petr Slominsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smoller, Jordan W" sort="Smoller, Jordan W" uniqKey="Smoller J" first="Jordan W" last="Smoller">Jordan W. Smoller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="So, Hon Cheong" sort="So, Hon Cheong" uniqKey="So H" first="Hon-Cheong" last="So">Hon-Cheong So</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, Chris C A" sort="Spencer, Chris C A" uniqKey="Spencer C" first="Chris C A" last="Spencer">Chris C A. Spencer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stahl, Eli A" sort="Stahl, Eli A" uniqKey="Stahl E" first="Eli A" last="Stahl">Eli A. Stahl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Hreinn" sort="Stefansson, Hreinn" uniqKey="Stefansson H" first="Hreinn" last="Stefansson">Hreinn Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinberg, Stacy" sort="Steinberg, Stacy" uniqKey="Steinberg S" first="Stacy" last="Steinberg">Stacy Steinberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stogmann, Elisabeth" sort="Stogmann, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Stogmann E" first="Elisabeth" last="Stogmann">Elisabeth Stogmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Straub, Richard E" sort="Straub, Richard E" uniqKey="Straub R" first="Richard E" last="Straub">Richard E. Straub</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strengman, Eric" sort="Strengman, Eric" uniqKey="Strengman E" first="Eric" last="Strengman">Eric Strengman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181">Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182">Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strohmaier, Jana" sort="Strohmaier, Jana" uniqKey="Strohmaier J" first="Jana" last="Strohmaier">Jana Strohmaier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stroup, T Scott" sort="Stroup, T Scott" uniqKey="Stroup T" first="T Scott" last="Stroup">T Scott Stroup</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subramaniam, Mythily" sort="Subramaniam, Mythily" uniqKey="Subramaniam M" first="Mythily" last="Subramaniam">Mythily Subramaniam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suvisaari, Jaana" sort="Suvisaari, Jaana" uniqKey="Suvisaari J" first="Jaana" last="Suvisaari">Jaana Suvisaari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Svrakic, Dragan M" sort="Svrakic, Dragan M" uniqKey="Svrakic D" first="Dragan M" last="Svrakic">Dragan M. Svrakic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Szatkiewicz, Jin P" sort="Szatkiewicz, Jin P" uniqKey="Szatkiewicz J" first="Jin P" last="Szatkiewicz">Jin P. Szatkiewicz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soderman, Erik" sort="Soderman, Erik" uniqKey="Soderman E" first="Erik" last="Söderman">Erik Söderman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thirumalai, Srinivas" sort="Thirumalai, Srinivas" uniqKey="Thirumalai S" first="Srinivas" last="Thirumalai">Srinivas Thirumalai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183">Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toncheva, Draga" sort="Toncheva, Draga" uniqKey="Toncheva D" first="Draga" last="Toncheva">Draga Toncheva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tosato, Sarah" sort="Tosato, Sarah" uniqKey="Tosato S" first="Sarah" last="Tosato">Sarah Tosato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184">Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veijola, Juha" sort="Veijola, Juha" uniqKey="Veijola J" first="Juha" last="Veijola">Juha Veijola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185">Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186">University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waddington, John" sort="Waddington, John" uniqKey="Waddington J" first="John" last="Waddington">John Waddington</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187">Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walsh, Dermot" sort="Walsh, Dermot" uniqKey="Walsh D" first="Dermot" last="Walsh">Dermot Walsh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188">Health Research Board, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Dai" sort="Wang, Dai" uniqKey="Wang D" first="Dai" last="Wang">Dai Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Qiang" sort="Wang, Qiang" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qiang" last="Wang">Qiang Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Mental Health Centre and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, Sichuan, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webb, Bradley T" sort="Webb, Bradley T" uniqKey="Webb B" first="Bradley T" last="Webb">Bradley T. Webb</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiser, Mark" sort="Weiser, Mark" uniqKey="Weiser M" first="Mark" last="Weiser">Mark Weiser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wildenauer, Dieter B" sort="Wildenauer, Dieter B" uniqKey="Wildenauer D" first="Dieter B" last="Wildenauer">Dieter B. Wildenauer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189">Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Nigel M" sort="Williams, Nigel M" uniqKey="Williams N" first="Nigel M" last="Williams">Nigel M. Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190">Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Stephanie" sort="Williams, Stephanie" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Stephanie" last="Williams">Stephanie Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Witt, Stephanie H" sort="Witt, Stephanie H" uniqKey="Witt S" first="Stephanie H" last="Witt">Stephanie H. Witt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolen, Aaron R" sort="Wolen, Aaron R" uniqKey="Wolen A" first="Aaron R" last="Wolen">Aaron R. Wolen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Emily Hm" sort="Wong, Emily Hm" uniqKey="Wong E" first="Emily Hm" last="Wong">Emily Hm Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wormley, Brandon K" sort="Wormley, Brandon K" uniqKey="Wormley B" first="Brandon K" last="Wormley">Brandon K. Wormley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xi, Hualin Simon" sort="Xi, Hualin Simon" uniqKey="Xi H" first="Hualin Simon" last="Xi">Hualin Simon Xi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191">Computational Sciences CoE, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zai, Clement C" sort="Zai, Clement C" uniqKey="Zai C" first="Clement C" last="Zai">Clement C. Zai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Xuebin" sort="Zheng, Xuebin" uniqKey="Zheng X" first="Xuebin" last="Zheng">Xuebin Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zimprich, Fritz" sort="Zimprich, Fritz" uniqKey="Zimprich F" first="Fritz" last="Zimprich">Fritz Zimprich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179">Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wray, Naomi R" sort="Wray, Naomi R" uniqKey="Wray N" first="Naomi R" last="Wray">Naomi R. Wray</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Kari" sort="Stefansson, Kari" uniqKey="Stefansson K" first="Kari" last="Stefansson">Kari Stefansson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178">deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Visscher, Peter M" sort="Visscher, Peter M" uniqKey="Visscher P" first="Peter M" last="Visscher">Peter M. Visscher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adolfsson, Rolf" sort="Adolfsson, Rolf" uniqKey="Adolfsson R" first="Rolf" last="Adolfsson">Rolf Adolfsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152">Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andreassen, Ole A" sort="Andreassen, Ole A" uniqKey="Andreassen O" first="Ole A" last="Andreassen">Ole A. Andreassen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135">Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blackwood, Douglas Hr" sort="Blackwood, Douglas Hr" uniqKey="Blackwood D" first="Douglas Hr" last="Blackwood">Douglas Hr Blackwood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134">Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bramon, Elvira" sort="Bramon, Elvira" uniqKey="Bramon E" first="Elvira" last="Bramon">Elvira Bramon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194">University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buxbaum, Joseph D" sort="Buxbaum, Joseph D" uniqKey="Buxbaum J" first="Joseph D" last="Buxbaum">Joseph D. Buxbaum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Department of Human Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195">Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="B Rglum, Anders D" sort="B Rglum, Anders D" uniqKey="B Rglum A" first="Anders D" last="B Rglum">Anders D. B Rglum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140">Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cichon, Sven" sort="Cichon, Sven" uniqKey="Cichon S" first="Sven" last="Cichon">Sven Cichon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196">Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Darvasi, Ariel" sort="Darvasi, Ariel" uniqKey="Darvasi A" first="Ariel" last="Darvasi">Ariel Darvasi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197">Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Domenici, Enrico" sort="Domenici, Enrico" uniqKey="Domenici E" first="Enrico" last="Domenici">Enrico Domenici</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198">Neuroscience Discovery and Translational Area, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ehrenreich, Hannelore" sort="Ehrenreich, Hannelore" uniqKey="Ehrenreich H" first="Hannelore" last="Ehrenreich">Hannelore Ehrenreich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esko, T Nu" sort="Esko, T Nu" uniqKey="Esko T" first="T Nu" last="Esko">T Nu Esko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gejman, Pablo V" sort="Gejman, Pablo V" uniqKey="Gejman P" first="Pablo V" last="Gejman">Pablo V. Gejman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gill, Michael" sort="Gill, Michael" uniqKey="Gill M" first="Michael" last="Gill">Michael Gill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gurling, Hugh" sort="Gurling, Hugh" uniqKey="Gurling H" first="Hugh" last="Gurling">Hugh Gurling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hultman, Christina M" sort="Hultman, Christina M" uniqKey="Hultman C" first="Christina M" last="Hultman">Christina M. Hultman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwata, Nakao" sort="Iwata, Nakao" uniqKey="Iwata N" first="Nakao" last="Iwata">Nakao Iwata</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jablensky, Assen V" sort="Jablensky, Assen V" uniqKey="Jablensky A" first="Assen V" last="Jablensky">Assen V. Jablensky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199">School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200">The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201">UWA Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jonsson, Erik G" sort="Jonsson, Erik G" uniqKey="Jonsson E" first="Erik G" last="Jönsson">Erik G. Jönsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth S" sort="Kendler, Kenneth S" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth S" last="Kendler">Kenneth S. Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirov, George" sort="Kirov, George" uniqKey="Kirov G" first="George" last="Kirov">George Kirov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knight, Jo" sort="Knight, Jo" uniqKey="Knight J" first="Jo" last="Knight">Jo Knight</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lencz, Todd" sort="Lencz, Todd" uniqKey="Lencz T" first="Todd" last="Lencz">Todd Lencz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">The Hofstra NS-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levinson, Douglas F" sort="Levinson, Douglas F" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="Douglas F" last="Levinson">Douglas F. Levinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Qingqin S" sort="Li, Qingqin S" uniqKey="Li Q" first="Qingqin S" last="Li">Qingqin S. Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Jianjun" sort="Liu, Jianjun" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jianjun" last="Liu">Jianjun Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192">Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malhotra, Anil K" sort="Malhotra, Anil K" uniqKey="Malhotra A" first="Anil K" last="Malhotra">Anil K. Malhotra</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203">The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204">The Hofstra NS-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205">The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccarroll, Steven A" sort="Mccarroll, Steven A" uniqKey="Mccarroll S" first="Steven A" last="Mccarroll">Steven A. Mccarroll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcquillin, Andrew" sort="Mcquillin, Andrew" uniqKey="Mcquillin A" first="Andrew" last="Mcquillin">Andrew Mcquillin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moran, Jennifer L" sort="Moran, Jennifer L" uniqKey="Moran J" first="Jennifer L" last="Moran">Jennifer L. Moran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mortensen, Preben B" sort="Mortensen, Preben B" uniqKey="Mortensen P" first="Preben B" last="Mortensen">Preben B. Mortensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre for Integrative Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mowry, Bryan J" sort="Mowry, Bryan J" uniqKey="Mowry B" first="Bryan J" last="Mowry">Bryan J. Mowry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nothen, Markus M" sort="Nothen, Markus M" uniqKey="Nothen M" first="Markus M" last="Nöthen">Markus M. Nöthen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208">Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owen, Michael J" sort="Owen, Michael J" uniqKey="Owen M" first="Michael J" last="Owen">Michael J. Owen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Carlos N" sort="Pato, Carlos N" uniqKey="Pato C" first="Carlos N" last="Pato">Carlos N. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petryshen, Tracey L" sort="Petryshen, Tracey L" uniqKey="Petryshen T" first="Tracey L" last="Petryshen">Tracey L. Petryshen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130">Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209">The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210">Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212">Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213">Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rietschel, Marcella" sort="Rietschel, Marcella" uniqKey="Rietschel M" first="Marcella" last="Rietschel">Marcella Rietschel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, Brien P" sort="Riley, Brien P" uniqKey="Riley B" first="Brien P" last="Riley">Brien P. Riley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202">Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rujescu, Dan" sort="Rujescu, Dan" uniqKey="Rujescu D" first="Dan" last="Rujescu">Dan Rujescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sham, Pak C" sort="Sham, Pak C" uniqKey="Sham P" first="Pak C" last="Sham">Pak C. Sham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214">Centre for Genomic Sciences, State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sklar, Pamela" sort="Sklar, Pamela" uniqKey="Sklar P" first="Pamela" last="Sklar">Pamela Sklar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167">Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="St Clair, David" sort="St Clair, David" uniqKey="St Clair D" first="David" last="St Clair">David St Clair</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A215">University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weinberger, Daniel R" sort="Weinberger, Daniel R" uniqKey="Weinberger D" first="Daniel R" last="Weinberger">Daniel R. Weinberger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180">Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A216">Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wendland, Jens R" sort="Wendland, Jens R" uniqKey="Wendland J" first="Jens R" last="Wendland">Jens R. Wendland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168">PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Werge, Thomas" sort="Werge, Thomas" uniqKey="Werge T" first="Thomas" last="Werge">Thomas Werge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A217">Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daly, Mark J" sort="Daly, Mark J" uniqKey="Daly M" first="Mark J" last="Daly">Mark J. Daly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Patrick F" sort="Sullivan, Patrick F" uniqKey="Sullivan P" first="Patrick F" last="Sullivan">Patrick F. Sullivan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162">Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Onovan, Michael C" sort="O Onovan, Michael C" uniqKey="O Onovan M" first="Michael C" last="O Onovan">Michael C. O Onovan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-0836</idno><idno type="eISSN">1476-4687</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><p id="P3">Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder. Genetic risk is conferred by a large number of alleles, including common alleles of small effect that might be detected by genome-wide association studies. Here, we report a multi-stage schizophrenia genome-wide association study of up to 36,989 cases and 113,075 controls. We identify 128 independent associations spanning 108 conservatively defined loci that meet genome-wide significance, 83 of which have not been previously reported. Associations were enriched among genes expressed in brain providing biological plausibility for the findings. Many findings have the potential to provide entirely novel insights into aetiology, but associations at <italic>DRD2</italic> and multiple genes involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission highlight molecules of known and potential therapeutic relevance to schizophrenia, and are consistent with leading pathophysiological hypotheses. Independent of genes expressed in brain, associations were enriched among genes expressed in tissues that play important roles in immunity, providing support for the hypothesized link between the immune system and schizophrenia.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saha, S" uniqKey="Saha S">S Saha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chant, D" uniqKey="Chant D">D Chant</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, J" uniqKey="Mcgrath J">J McGrath</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Knapp, M" uniqKey="Knapp M">M Knapp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mangalore, R" uniqKey="Mangalore R">R Mangalore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, J" uniqKey="Simon J">J Simon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lieberman, Ja" uniqKey="Lieberman J">JA Lieberman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carlsson, A" uniqKey="Carlsson A">A Carlsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lindqvist, M" uniqKey="Lindqvist M">M Lindqvist</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Rossum, Jm" uniqKey="Van Rossum J">JM van Rossum</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lichtenstein, P" uniqKey="Lichtenstein P">P Lichtenstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Pf" uniqKey="Sullivan P">PF Sullivan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Ks" uniqKey="Kendler K">KS Kendler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Mc" uniqKey="Neale M">MC Neale</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Pf" uniqKey="Sullivan P">PF Sullivan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daly, Mj" uniqKey="Daly M">MJ 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id="A1"><label>1</label>Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK.</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Centre for Integrative Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>State Mental Hospital, Haar, Germany.</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label>Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label>Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label>University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label>School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label>Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label>Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label>University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label>Department of Human Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label>Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label>Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray and INSERM U1079 Faculty of Medicine, Rouen, France.</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label>Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label>School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label>Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label>Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, PR China.</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label>Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label>Department of Psychiatry and State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label>Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label>Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label>Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label>Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine and Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Paris, France.</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label>Formerly of Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label>Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label>Department of Psychological Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK.</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label>Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label>Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label>Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany.</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label>Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label>Applied Molecular Genomics Unit, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label>Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label>Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label>First Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.</aff><aff id="A61"><label>61</label>Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A62"><label>62</label>Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</aff><aff id="A63"><label>63</label>Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A64"><label>64</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.</aff><aff id="A65"><label>65</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.</aff><aff id="A66"><label>66</label>Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</aff><aff id="A67"><label>67</label>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinic of Psychiatry, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.</aff><aff id="A68"><label>68</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.</aff><aff id="A69"><label>69</label>Department of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A70"><label>70</label>Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A71"><label>71</label>National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A72"><label>72</label>Translational Technologies and Bioinformatics, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</aff><aff id="A73"><label>73</label>Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.</aff><aff id="A74"><label>74</label>Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A75"><label>75</label>Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.</aff><aff id="A76"><label>76</label>Mental Health Service Line, Washington VA Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.</aff><aff id="A77"><label>77</label>Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</aff><aff id="A78"><label>78</label>Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A79"><label>79</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</aff><aff id="A80"><label>80</label>Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A81"><label>81</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.</aff><aff id="A82"><label>82</label>Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A83"><label>83</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.</aff><aff id="A84"><label>84</label>Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Hôpital de la Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</aff><aff id="A85"><label>85</label>Mental Health Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</aff><aff id="A86"><label>86</label>Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.</aff><aff id="A87"><label>87</label>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</aff><aff id="A88"><label>88</label>Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A89"><label>89</label>Illumina, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A90"><label>90</label>Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A91"><label>91</label>Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A92"><label>92</label>JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A93"><label>93</label>Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A94"><label>94</label>School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A95"><label>95</label>Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</aff><aff id="A96"><label>96</label>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A97"><label>97</label>Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology and Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A98"><label>98</label>Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.</aff><aff id="A99"><label>99</label>Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.</aff><aff id="A100"><label>100</label>Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</aff><aff id="A101"><label>101</label>Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A102"><label>102</label>Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</aff><aff id="A103"><label>103</label>Perkins Institute for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</aff><aff id="A104"><label>104</label>Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</aff><aff id="A105"><label>105</label>Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.</aff><aff id="A106"><label>106</label>Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</aff><aff id="A107"><label>107</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</aff><aff id="A108"><label>108</label>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</aff><aff id="A109"><label>109</label>Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.</aff><aff id="A110"><label>110</label>Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.</aff><aff id="A111"><label>111</label>Department of Psychiatry and Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A112"><label>112</label>Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</aff><aff id="A113"><label>113</label>2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.</aff><aff id="A114"><label>114</label>Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.</aff><aff id="A115"><label>115</label>Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France.</aff><aff id="A116"><label>116</label>Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.</aff><aff id="A117"><label>117</label>Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.</aff><aff id="A118"><label>118</label>Centre for Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</aff><aff id="A119"><label>119</label>Mental Health Centre and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, Sichuan, PR China.</aff><aff id="A120"><label>120</label>Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</aff><aff id="A121"><label>121</label>Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A122"><label>122</label>Priority Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A123"><label>123</label>Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.</aff><aff id="A124"><label>124</label>Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A125"><label>125</label>Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.</aff><aff id="A126"><label>126</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</aff><aff id="A127"><label>127</label>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.</aff><aff id="A128"><label>128</label>Department of Genomics Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</aff><aff id="A129"><label>129</label>Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.</aff><aff id="A130"><label>130</label>Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A131"><label>131</label>VA Boston Health Care System, Brockton, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A132"><label>132</label>Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A133"><label>133</label>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK.</aff><aff id="A134"><label>134</label>Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</aff><aff id="A135"><label>135</label>Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.</aff><aff id="A136"><label>136</label>Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A137"><label>137</label>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</aff><aff id="A138"><label>138</label>School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A139"><label>139</label>First Psychiatric Clinic, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.</aff><aff id="A140"><label>140</label>Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.</aff><aff id="A141"><label>141</label>Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A142"><label>142</label>King’s College London, UK.</aff><aff id="A143"><label>143</label>Maastricht University Medical Centre, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A144"><label>144</label>Institute of Translational Medicine, University Liverpool, UK.</aff><aff id="A145"><label>145</label>Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.</aff><aff id="A146"><label>146</label>Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.</aff><aff id="A147"><label>147</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.</aff><aff id="A148"><label>148</label>Department of Psychiatry, Queensland Brain Institute and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</aff><aff id="A149"><label>149</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.</aff><aff id="A150"><label>150</label>Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A151"><label>151</label>Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.</aff><aff id="A152"><label>152</label>Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.</aff><aff id="A153"><label>153</label>DETECT Early Intervention Service for Psychosis, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A154"><label>154</label>Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.</aff><aff id="A155"><label>155</label>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.</aff><aff id="A156"><label>156</label>Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College London, London, UK.</aff><aff id="A157"><label>157</label>PEIC.</aff><aff id="A158"><label>158</label>Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia.</aff><aff id="A159"><label>159</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A160"><label>160</label>Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A161"><label>161</label>Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.</aff><aff id="A162"><label>162</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.</aff><aff id="A163"><label>163</label>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland.</aff><aff id="A164"><label>164</label>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A165"><label>165</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.</aff><aff id="A166"><label>166</label>Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</aff><aff id="A167"><label>167</label>Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A168"><label>168</label>PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A169"><label>169</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Gottingen, Göttingen, Germany.</aff><aff id="A170"><label>170</label>Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic, University of Erlangen, Germany.</aff><aff id="A171"><label>171</label>Hunter New England Health Service, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A172"><label>172</label>School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.</aff><aff id="A173"><label>173</label>Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.</aff><aff id="A174"><label>174</label>University of Iceland, Landspitali, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.</aff><aff id="A175"><label>175</label>Department of Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia.</aff><aff id="A176"><label>176</label>Research and Development, Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A177"><label>177</label>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.</aff><aff id="A178"><label>178</label>deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.</aff><aff id="A179"><label>179</label>Department of Clinical Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.</aff><aff id="A180"><label>180</label>Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.</aff><aff id="A181"><label>181</label>Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A182"><label>182</label>Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A183"><label>183</label>Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, UK.</aff><aff id="A184"><label>184</label>Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.</aff><aff id="A185"><label>185</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Finland.</aff><aff id="A186"><label>186</label>University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.</aff><aff id="A187"><label>187</label>Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A188"><label>188</label>Health Research Board, Dublin, Ireland.</aff><aff id="A189"><label>189</label>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.</aff><aff id="A190"><label>190</label>Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.</aff><aff id="A191"><label>191</label>Computational Sciences CoE, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A192"><label>192</label>Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore.</aff><aff id="A193"><label>193</label>WTCCC2.</aff><aff id="A194"><label>194</label>University College London, UK.</aff><aff id="A195"><label>195</label>Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A196"><label>196</label>Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.</aff><aff id="A197"><label>197</label>Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.</aff><aff id="A198"><label>198</label>Neuroscience Discovery and Translational Area, Pharma Research and Early Development, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.</aff><aff id="A199"><label>199</label>School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.</aff><aff id="A200"><label>200</label>The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia.</aff><aff id="A201"><label>201</label>UWA Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry.</aff><aff id="A202"><label>202</label>Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.</aff><aff id="A203"><label>203</label>The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A204"><label>204</label>The Hofstra NS-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A205"><label>205</label>The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.</aff><aff id="A206"><label>206</label>Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</aff><aff id="A207"><label>207</label>Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.</aff><aff id="A208"><label>208</label>Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A209"><label>209</label>The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A210"><label>210</label>Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</aff><aff id="A211"><label>211</label>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A212"><label>212</label>Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A213"><label>213</label>Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</aff><aff id="A214"><label>214</label>Centre for Genomic Sciences, State Ket Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.</aff><aff id="A215"><label>215</label>University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.</aff><aff id="A216"><label>216</label>Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.</aff><aff id="A217"><label>217</label>Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="CR2">Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Michael O’Donovan: <email>odonovanmc@cardiff.ac.uk</email> or <email>odonovanmc@cf.ac.uk</email></corresp><fn id="FN2"><p id="P2"><bold>Contributions</bold> The individual studies or consortia contributing to the GWAS meta-analysis were led by R.A., O.A.A, D.H.R.B., A.D.B., E. Bramon, J.D.B., A.C., D.A.C., S.C., A.D., E. Domenici, H.E., T.E., P.V.G., M.G., H.G., C.M.H., N.I., A.V.J., E.G.J., K.S.K., G.K., J. Knight, T. Lencz, D.F.L., Q.S.L., J.Liu, A.K.M., S.A.M., A. McQuillin, J.L.M., P.B.M., B.J.M., M.M.N., M.C.O’D., R.A.O., M.J.O., A. Palotie, C.N.P., T.L.P., M.R., B.P.R., D.R., P.C.S., P. Sklar., D.St.C., P.F.S., D.R.W., J.R.W., J.T.R.W. and T.W. Together with the core statistical analysis group led by M.J.D. comprising S.R., B.M.N., and P.A.H., this group comprised the management group led by M.C.O’D. who were responsible for the management of the study and the overall content of the manuscript. Additional analyses and interpretations were contributed by E.A., B.B-S., D.K., KH.F., M. Fromer, H.H., P.L., P.B.M., S.M.P., T.H.P., N.R.W., and P.M.V. The phenotype supervisory group comprised A.C., A.H.F., P.V.G., K.K.K., and B.J.M., D.A.C. led the candidate selected genes subgroup comprised of M.J.D., E. Dominici, J.A.K., A.M.H., M.C.O’D., B.P.R., D.R., E.M.S. and P. Sklar. Replication results were provided by S.S., H.S., and K.S. The remaining authors contributed to the recruitment, genotyping, or data processing for the contributing components of the meta-analysis. A.C., M.J.D., B.M.N., S.R., P.F.S. and M.C.O’D. took responsibility for the primary drafting of the manuscript which was shaped by the management group. All other authors had sight of, had the opportunity to comment on, and approved the final draft.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>18</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>24</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>24</day><month>1</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>511</volume><issue>7510</issue><fpage>421</fpage><lpage>427</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1038/nature13595</pmc-comment>
<permissions><license><license-p>Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:<uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms">http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms</uri></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><title>Summary</title><p id="P3">Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder. Genetic risk is conferred by a large number of alleles, including common alleles of small effect that might be detected by genome-wide association studies. Here, we report a multi-stage schizophrenia genome-wide association study of up to 36,989 cases and 113,075 controls. We identify 128 independent associations spanning 108 conservatively defined loci that meet genome-wide significance, 83 of which have not been previously reported. Associations were enriched among genes expressed in brain providing biological plausibility for the findings. Many findings have the potential to provide entirely novel insights into aetiology, but associations at <italic>DRD2</italic> and multiple genes involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission highlight molecules of known and potential therapeutic relevance to schizophrenia, and are consistent with leading pathophysiological hypotheses. Independent of genes expressed in brain, associations were enriched among genes expressed in tissues that play important roles in immunity, providing support for the hypothesized link between the immune system and schizophrenia.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><body><p id="P4">Schizophrenia has a life time risk of around 1%, and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality as well as personal and societal costs.<sup><xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>-<xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup> Although pharmacological treatments are available for schizophrenia, their efficacy is poor for many patients.<sup><xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup> All available antipsychotic drugs are thought to exert their main therapeutic effects through blockade of the type 2 dopaminergic receptor<sup><xref rid="R5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>,<xref rid="R6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></sup> but, since the discovery of this mechanism over 60 years ago, no new antipsychotic drug of proven efficacy has been developed based on other target molecules. Therapeutic stasis is in large part a consequence of the fact that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is unknown. Identifying the causes of schizophrenia is therefore a critical step towards improving treatments and outcomes for those with the disorder.</p><p id="P5">High heritability points to a major role for inherited genetic variants in the aetiology of schizophrenia. <sup><xref rid="R7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>,<xref rid="R8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup> While risk variants range in frequency from common to extremely rare<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup>, estimates<sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>,<xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup> suggest half to a third of the genetic risk of schizophrenia is indexed by common alleles genotyped by current genome-wide association study (GWAS) arrays. Thus, GWAS is potentially an important tool for understanding the biological underpinnings of schizophrenia.</p><p id="P6">To date, around 30 schizophrenia-associated loci<sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>-<xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup> have been identified through GWAS. Postulating that sample size is one of the most important limiting factors in applying GWAS to schizophrenia, we created the Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). Our primary aim was to combine all available schizophrenia samples with published or unpublished GWAS genotypes into a single, systematic analysis.<sup><xref rid="R24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref></sup> Here, we report the results of that analysis, including at least 108 independent genomic loci that exceed genome-wide significance. Some of the findings support leading pathophysiological hypotheses of schizophrenia or targets of therapeutic relevance, but most of the findings provide novel insights.</p><sec id="S1"><title>128 Independent Associated Loci</title><p id="P7">We obtained genome-wide genotype data from which we constructed 49 ancestry matched, non-overlapping case-control samples (46 of European and three of East Asian ancestry, 34,241 cases and 45,604 controls) and 3 family-based samples of European ancestry (1,235 parent affected-offspring trios) (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Table 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary text</xref>). These comprise the primary PGC GWAS dataset. Genotypes from all studies were processed by the PGC using unified quality control procedures followed by imputation of SNPs and insertion-deletions using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel.<sup><xref rid="R25" ref-type="bibr">25</xref></sup> In each sample, association testing was conducted using imputed marker dosages and principal components (PCs) to control for population stratification. The results were combined using an inverse-weighted fixed effects model.<sup><xref rid="R26" ref-type="bibr">26</xref></sup> After quality control (imputation INFO score ≥ 0.6, MAF ≥ 0.01, and successfully imputed in ≥ 20 samples), we considered around 9.5 million variants. The results are summarized in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1</xref>. To enable acquisition of large samples, some groups ascertained cases via clinician diagnosis rather than a research-based assessment and provided evidence of the validity of this approach (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary text</xref>).<sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>,<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup><italic>Post-hoc</italic> analyses revealed the pattern of effect sizes for associated loci was similar across different assessment methods and modes of ascertainment (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">Extended Data Figure 1</xref>), supporting our <italic>a priori</italic> decision to include samples of this nature.</p><p id="P8">For the subset of LD (linkage disequilibrium)-independent SNPs with <italic>P</italic> < 1×10<sup>−6</sup> in the meta-analysis, we next obtained results from deCODE genetics (1,513 cases and 66,236 controls of European ancestry). We define LD-independent SNPs as those with low LD (r<sup>2</sup> < 0.1) to a more significantly associated SNP within a 500 kb window. Given high LD in the extended MHC region spans ~8 Mb, we conservatively include only a single MHC SNP to represent this locus. The deCODE data were then combined with those from the primary GWAS to give a dataset of 36,989 cases and 113,075 controls. In this final analysis, 128 LD-independent SNPs surpassed genome-wide significance (<italic>P</italic> ≤ 5×10<sup>−8</sup>) (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Table 2</xref>).</p><p id="P9">As in meta-analyses of other complex traits which identified large numbers of common risk variants, <sup><xref rid="R27" ref-type="bibr">27</xref>,<xref rid="R28" ref-type="bibr">28</xref></sup> the test statistic distribution from our GWAS deviates from the null (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">Extended Data Figure 2</xref>). This is consistent with the previously documented polygenic contribution to schizophrenia. <sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>,<xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup> The deviation in the test statistics from the null (λ<sub>GC</sub> = 1.47, λ1000 = 1.01) is only slightly less than expected (λ<sub>GC</sub> = 1.56) under a polygenic model given fully informative genotypes, the current sample size, and the lifetime risk and heritability of schizophrenia.<sup><xref rid="R29" ref-type="bibr">29</xref></sup></p><p id="P10">Multiple additional lines of evidence allow us to conclude the deviation between the observed and null distributions in our primary GWAS indicates a true polygenic contribution to schizophrenia. First, applying a novel method <sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup> that uses LD information to distinguish between the major potential sources of test statistic inflation, we found our results are consistent with polygenic architecture but not population stratification (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">Extended Data Figure 3</xref>). Second, for 78% of 263 LD-independent SNPs with <italic>P</italic> <1×10<sup>−6</sup> in the case-control GWAS, the risk alleles from were overrepresented in cases in the independent samples from deCODE (<italic>P</italic> = 5.6 ×10<sup>−21</sup>). This degree of consistency between the primary GWAS and the replication data is highly unlikely to occur by chance (<italic>P</italic> = 1×10<sup>−9</sup>). (Note the tested alleles surpassed the <italic>P</italic> < 10<sup>−6</sup> threshold in our GWAS before we added either the trios or deCODE data to the meta-analysis. This trend test is therefore independent of the primary case-control GWAS). Third, analysing the 1,235 parent-proband trios, we again found excess transmission of the schizophrenia-associated allele at 69% of the LD-independent SNPs with <italic>P</italic> <1×10<sup>−6</sup> in the case-control GWAS. This is again unlikely to occur by chance (<italic>P</italic> = 1×10<sup>−9</sup>) and additionally excludes population stratification as fully explaining the associations that surpassed our threshold for seeking replication. Fourth, we used the trios trend data to estimate the expected proportion of true associations at <italic>P</italic> <1×10<sup>−6</sup> in the discovery GWAS, allowing for the fact that half of the index SNPs are expected to show the same allelic trend in the trios by chance, and that some true associations will show opposite trends given the limited number of trio samples (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Material</xref>). Given the observed trend test results, around 67% (95% CI 64%-73%) or N = 176 of the associations in the scan at <italic>P</italic> <1×10<sup>−6</sup> are expected to be true, and therefore the number of associations that will ultimately be validated from this set of SNPs will be considerably more than those that now meet genome-wide significance. Taken together, these analyses indicate that the observed deviation of test statistics from the null primarily represents polygenic association signal, and that the considerable excess of associations at the tail of extreme significance largely correspond to true associations.</p><p id="P11">Independently associated SNPs do not translate to well-bounded chromosomal regions. Nevertheless, it is useful to define physical boundaries for the SNP associations to identify candidate risk genes. We defined an associated locus as the physical region containing all SNPs correlated at r<sup>2</sup> > 0.6 with each of the 128 index SNPs. Associated loci within 250 kb of each other were merged. This resulted in 108 physically distinct associated loci, 83 of which have not been previously implicated in schizophrenia and therefore harbour potential novel biological insights into disease aetiology (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Table 3</xref>; regional plots in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">Supplementary Figure 1</xref>). The significant regions include all but 5 loci previously reported as genome-wide significant in large samples (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Table 3</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Characterization of Associated Loci</title><p id="P12">Of the 108 loci, 75% include protein-coding genes (40% a single gene) and a further 8% are within 20 kb of a gene (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Table 3</xref>). Notable associations relevant to major hypotheses of the aetiology and treatment of schizophrenia include <italic>DRD2</italic> (the target of all effective antipsychotic drugs) and multiple genes (e.g. <italic>GRM3</italic>, <italic>GRIN2A</italic>, <italic>SRR</italic>, <italic>GRIA1</italic>) involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. In addition, associations at <italic>CACNA1C</italic>, <italic>CACNB2</italic>, and <italic>CACNA1I</italic>, which encode voltage-gated calcium channel subunits, extend previous findings implicating members of this family of proteins in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. <sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>,<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>,<xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref>,<xref rid="R32" ref-type="bibr">32</xref></sup> Genes encoding calcium channels, and proteins involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity have been independently implicated in schizophrenia by studies of rare genetic variation, <sup><xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref>-<xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref></sup> suggesting convergence at a broad functional level between studies of common and rare genetic variation. We highlight in the <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">supplementary text</xref> genes of particular interest within associated loci with respect to current hypotheses of schizophrenia aetiology or treatment (although we do not imply these genes are necessarily the causal elements).</p><p id="P13">For each of the schizophrenia associated loci, we identified a credible causal set of SNPs (for definition see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary text</xref>). <sup><xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref></sup> In only 10 instances (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD4">Supplementary Table 4</xref>) was the association signal credibly attributable to a known nonsynonymous exonic polymorphism. The apparently limited role of protein coding variants is consistent both with exome sequencing findings <sup><xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref></sup> and with the hypothesis that most associated variants detected by GWAS exert their effects through altering gene expression rather than protein structure<sup><xref rid="R37" ref-type="bibr">37</xref>,<xref rid="R38" ref-type="bibr">38</xref></sup> and with the observation that schizophrenia risk loci are enriched for expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL).<sup><xref rid="R39" ref-type="bibr">39</xref></sup></p><p id="P14">To try to identify eQTLs that could explain associations with schizophrenia, we merged the credible causal set of SNPs defined above with eQTLs from a meta-analysis of human brain cortex eQTL studies (N=550) and an eQTL study of peripheral venous blood (N=3754)<sup><xref rid="R40" ref-type="bibr">40</xref></sup> (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>). Multiple schizophrenia loci contained at least one eQTL for a gene within 1 Mb of the locus (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD4">Supplementary Table 4</xref>). However, in only 12 instances was the eQTL plausibly causal (two in brain, and nine in peripheral blood, one in both). This low proportion suggests that if most risk variants are regulatory, available eQTL catalogs do not yet provide power, cellular specificity, or developmental diversity to provide clear mechanistic hypotheses for follow-up experiments.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Brain and Immunity</title><p id="P15">To further explore the regulatory nature of the schizophrenia associations, we mapped the credible sets (N=108) of causal variants onto sequences with epigenetic markers characteristic of active enhancers in 56 different tissues and cell lines (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>). Schizophrenia associations were significantly enriched at enhancers active in brain (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Figure 2</xref>) but not in tissues unlikely to be relevant to schizophrenia (e.g., bone, cartilage, kidney, and fibroblasts). Brain tissues used to define enhancers consist of heterogeneous populations of cells. Seeking greater specificity, we contrasted genes enriched for expression in neurons and glia using mouse ribotagged lines<sup><xref rid="R41" ref-type="bibr">41</xref></sup>. Genes with strong expression in multiple cortical and striatal neuronal lineages were were enriched for associations, providing support for an important neuronal pathology in schizophrenia (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">Extended Data Figure 4</xref>) but this is not statistically more significant than, or exclusionary of, contributions from other lineages<sup><xref rid="R42" ref-type="bibr">42</xref></sup>.</p><p id="P16">Schizophrenia associations were also strongly enriched at enhancers that are active in tissues with important immune functions, particularly B-lymphocyte lineages involved in acquired immunity (CD19 and CD20 lines, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Figure 2</xref>). These enrichments remain significant even after excluding the extended MHC region and regions containing brain enhancers (enrichment <italic>P</italic> for CD20 <10<sup>−6</sup>), demonstrating that this finding is not an artefact of correlation between enhancer elements in different tissues and not driven by the strong and diffuse association at the extended MHC. Epidemiological studies have long hinted at a role for immune dysregulation in schizophrenia, the present findings provide genetic support for this hypothesis. <sup><xref rid="R43" ref-type="bibr">43</xref></sup></p><p id="P17">Aiming to develop additional biological hypotheses beyond those that emerge from inspection of the individual loci, we further undertook a limited mining of the data through gene-set analysis. However, since there is no consensus methodology by which such analyses should be conducted, nor an established optimal significance threshold for including loci, we sought to be conservative, using only two of the many available approaches<sup><xref rid="R44" ref-type="bibr">44</xref>,<xref rid="R45" ref-type="bibr">45</xref></sup> and restricting analyses to genes within genome-wide significant loci. Neither approach identified gene-sets that were significantly enriched for associations after correction for the number of pathways tested (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD5">Supplementary Table 5</xref>) although nominally significantly enrichments were observed among several predefined candidate pathways (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Extended Data Table 1</xref>). A fuller exploratory analysis of the data will be presented elsewhere.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Overlap with rare mutations</title><p id="P18">CNVs associated with schizophrenia overlap with those associated with ASD and intellectual disability<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup> as do genes with deleterious <italic>de novo</italic> mutations. <sup><xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup> Here, we find significant overlap between genes in the schizophrenia GWAS associated intervals and those with <italic>de novo</italic> nonsynonymous mutations in schizophrenia (P=0.0061) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">Extended Data Table 2</xref>), suggesting that mechanistic studies of rare genetic variation in schizophrenia will be informative for schizophrenia more widely. We also find evidence for overlap between genes in schizophrenia GWAS regions and those with <italic>de novo</italic> nonsynonymous mutations in intellectual disability (<italic>P</italic>=0.00024) and ASD (<italic>P</italic>=0.035), providing further support for the hypothesis that these disorders have partly overlapping pathophysiologies.<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>,<xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup></p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Polygenic Risk Score Profiling</title><p id="P19">Previous studies have shown that risk profile scores (RPS) constructed from alleles showing modest association with schizophrenia in a discovery GWAS can predict case-control status in independent samples, albeit with low sensitivity and specificity.<sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>,<xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>,<xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup> This finding was robustly confirmed in the present study. The estimate of Nagelkerke R<sup>2</sup> (a measure of variance in case-control status explained) depends on the specific target dataset and threshold (<italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic>) for selecting risk alleles for RPS analysis (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F8">Extended Data Figure 5</xref> & <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F9">6a</xref>). However, using the same target sample as earlier studies and <italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic> =0.05, R<sup>2</sup> is now increased from 0.03 (reference<sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup>) to 0.184 (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F8">Extended Data Figure 5</xref>). Assuming a liability-threshold model, a lifetime risk of 1%, independent SNP effects, and adjusting for case-control ascertainment, RPS now explains about 7% of variation on the liability scale<sup><xref rid="R46" ref-type="bibr">46</xref></sup> to schizophrenia across the samples (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F9">Extended Data Figure 6b</xref>), about half of which (3.4%) is explained by genome-wide significant loci.</p><p id="P20">We also evaluated the capacity of RPS to predict case-control status using a standard epidemiological approach to a continuous risk factor. We illustrate this in three samples, each with different ascertainment schemes (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">Figure 3</xref>). The Danish sample is population-based (i.e. inpatient and outpatient facilities), the Sweden sample is based on all cases hospitalized for schizophrenia in Sweden, and the MGS study was ascertained specially for genetic studies from clinical sources in the US and Australia. We grouped individuals into RPS deciles and estimated the odds ratios for affected status for each decile with reference to the lowest risk decile. The odds ratios increased with greater number of schizophrenia risk alleles in each sample, maximizing for the tenth decile in all samples: Denmark 7.8 (95% CI 4.4-13.9), Sweden 15.0 (95% CI 12.1-18.7), and MGS 20.3 (95% CI 14.7-28.2). Given the need for measures that index liability to schizophrenia,<sup><xref rid="R47" ref-type="bibr">47</xref>,<xref rid="R48" ref-type="bibr">48</xref></sup> the ability to stratify individuals by RPS offers new opportunities for clinical and epidemiological research. Nevertheless, we stress that the sensitivity and specificity of RPS do <bold><italic>not</italic></bold> support its use as a predictive test. For example in the Danish epidemiological sample, the area under the receiver operating curve is only 0.62 (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F9">Extended Data Figure 6c</xref>, <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD6">Supplementary Table 6</xref>).</p><p id="P21">Finally, seeking evidence for non-additive effects on risk, we tested for statistical interaction between all pairs of 125 autosomal SNPs that reached genome-wide significance. <italic>P</italic>-values for the interaction terms were distributed according to the null, and no interaction was significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Thus, we find no evidence for epistatic or non-additive effects between the significant loci (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">Extended Data Figure 7</xref>). It is possible that such effects could be present between other loci, or occur in the form of higher order interactions.</p></sec><sec sec-type="discussion" id="S6"><title>Discussion</title><p id="P22">In the largest molecular genetic study of schizophrenia ever conducted, or indeed of any neuropsychiatric disorder, we demonstrate the power of GWAS to identify large numbers of risk loci. We also show that the use of alternative ascertainment and diagnostic schemes designed to rapidly increase sample size does not inevitably introduce a crippling degree of heterogeneity. That this is true for a phenotype like schizophrenia where there are no biomarkers or supportive diagnostic tests provides grounds to be optimistic about applying GWAS to other disorders where diagnosis is similarly clinician-based, and recruitment traditionally constrained by the need for expensive and time consuming assessments.</p><p id="P23">We further show that the associations are not randomly distributed across genes of all classes and function; rather they converge upon genes that are expressed in certain tissues and cellular types. The findings include molecules that are the current, or the most promising, targets for therapeutics, and point to systems that align with the predominant aetiological hypotheses of the disorder. This suggests that the many novel findings we report also provide a aetiologically relevant foundation for mechanistic and treatment development studies. We additionally find overlap between genes affected by rare variants in schizophrenia and those within GWAS loci, and broad convergence in the functions of some of the clusters of genes implicated by both sets of genetic variants, particularly genes related to abnormal glutamatergic synaptic and calcium channel function. How variation in these genes impact function to increase risk for schizophrenia cannot be answered by genetics, but the overlap strongly suggests that common and rare variant studies are complementary rather than antagonistic, and that mechanistic studies driven by rare genetic variation will be informative for schizophrenia.</p></sec><sec sec-type="extended-data" id="S7"><title>Extended Data</title><fig id="F4" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 1</label><caption><title>Homogeneity of Effects Across Studies</title><p id="P24">Plot of the first two principal components (PC) from principal components analysis (PCA) of the logistic regression β coefficients for autosomal genome-wide significant associations. The input data were the β coefficients from 52 samples for 112 independent SNP associations (excluding 3 chrX SNPs and 13 SNPs with missing values in Asian samples). PCAs were weighted by the number of cases. Each circle shows the location of a study on PC1 and PC2. Circle size and colour are proportional to the number of cases in each sample (larger and redder circles correspond to more cases). Most samples cluster. Outliers had either small numbers of cases (“small”) or were genotyped on older arrays. Abbreviations. a500 (Affymetrix 500K); a5 (Affymetrix 5.0). Studies that did not use conventional research interviews are in the central cluster (CLOZUK, Sweden, and Denmark-Aarhus studies).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0004"></graphic></fig><fig id="F5" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 2</label><caption><title>Quantile-quantile plot</title><p id="P25">Quantile-quantile plot of GWAS meta-analysis. Expected −log10(<italic>P</italic>) -values are those expected under the null hypothesis. For clarity, we avoided expansion of the Y-axis by setting association <italic>P</italic>-values < 10<sup>−12</sup> to 10<sup>−12</sup>. The shaded area surrounded by a red line indicates the 95% confidence interval under the null. Lambda is the observed median χ<sup>2</sup> test statistic divided by the median expected χ<sup>2</sup> test statistic under the null.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0005"></graphic></fig><fig id="F6" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 3</label><caption><title>LD Score regression consistent with polygenic inheritance</title><p id="P26">The relationship between marker <italic>χ<sup>2</sup></italic> association statistics and linkage disequilibrium (LD) as measured by the LD Score. LD Score is the sum of the r<sup>2</sup> values between a variant and all other known variants within a 1 cM window, and quantifies the amount of genetic variation tagged by that variant. Variants were grouped into 50 equal-sized bins based on LD Score rank. LD Score Bin and Mean <italic>χ<sup>2</sup></italic> denotes mean LD score and test statistic for markers each bin. We simulated (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>) test statistics under two scenarios: (a) no true association, inflation due to population stratification (b) polygenic inheritance (<italic>λ<sub>GC</sub></italic> =1.32), in which we assigned independent and identically distributed per-normalized-genotype effects to a randomly selected subset of variants. Panel (c) present results from the PGC schizophrenia GWAS (<italic>λ<sub>GC</sub></italic> =1.48). The real data are strikingly similar to the simulated data summarized in (b) but not (a). The intercept estimates the inflation in the mean <italic>χ<sup>2</sup></italic> that results from confounding biases, such as cryptic relatedness or population stratification. Thus, the intercept of 1.066 for the schizophrenia GWAS suggests that ~90% of the inflation in the mean <italic>χ<sup>2</sup></italic> results from polygenic signal. The results of the simulations are also consistent with theoretical expectation (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0006"></graphic></fig><fig id="F7" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 4</label><caption><title>Enrichment of Associations in Tissues and Cells</title><p id="P27">Genes whose transcriptional start is nearest to the most associated SNP at each schizophrenia-associated locus were tested for enriched expression in a) purified brain cell subsets obtained from mouse ribotagged lines<sup><xref rid="R41" ref-type="bibr">41</xref></sup>. The red dotted line indicates <italic>P</italic>=0.05.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0007"></graphic></fig><fig id="F8" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 5</label><caption><title>MGS Risk Profile Score Analysis</title><p id="P28">Polygenic risk profile score (RPS) analyses using the MGS<sup><xref rid="R18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref></sup> sample as target, and deriving risk alleles from three published schizophrenia datasets (X-axis): ISC (2615 cases and 3338 controls) <sup><xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup>, PGC1 (excluding MGS, 9320 cases and 10,228 controls) <sup><xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup>, and the current meta analysis (excluding MGS) with 32,838 cases and 44,357 controls. Samples sizes differ slightly from original publication due to different analytical procedures. This shows the increasing RPS prediction with increasing training dataset size reflecting improved precision of estimates of the SNP effect sizes. The proportion of variance explained (Y-axis; Nagelkerke’s R<sup>2</sup>) was computed by comparison of a full model (covariates + RPS) score to a reduced model (covariates only). Ten different P-value thresholds (<italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic>) for selecting risk alleles are denoted by the colour of each bar (legend above plot). For significance testing, see the bottom legend which denotes the P-value for the test that R<sup>2</sup> is different from zero. All numerical data and methods used to generate these plots are available in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD6">Supplementary Tables 6</xref>, <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD7">7</xref>, and <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0008"></graphic></fig><fig id="F9" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 6</label><caption><title>Risk Profile Score Analysis</title><p id="P29">We defined 40 target subgroups of the primary GWAS dataset and performed 40 leave-one-out GWAS analyses (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Material</xref>) from which we derived risk alleles for RPS analysis (X-axis) for each target subgroup. a) The proportion of variance explained (Y-axis; Nagelkerke’s R<sup>2</sup>) was computed for each target by comparison of a full model (covariates + RPS) score to a reduced model (covariates only). For clarity, 3 different P-value thresholds (<italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic>) are presented denoted by the colour of each bar (legend above plot) as for <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F8">Extended Data Figure 5</xref> but for clarity we restrict to fewer <italic>P</italic>-value thresholds (<italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic> of 5×10<sup>−8</sup>, 1×10<sup>−4</sup>, and 0.05) and removed the significance values. (b) The proportion of variance on the liability scale from risk scores calculated at the <italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic> 0.05 with 95% CI bar assuming baseline population disease risk of 1%. (C) Area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). All numerical data and methods used to generate these plots are available in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD6">Supplementary Tables 6</xref>, <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD7">7</xref>, and <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0009"></graphic></fig><fig id="F10" orientation="portrait" position="anchor"><label>Extended Data Figure 7</label><caption><title>Epistasis</title><p id="P30">Quantile-quantile plot for all pair-wise (N=7750) combinations of the 125 independent autosomal genome-wide significant SNPs tested for non-additive effects on risk using case-control datasets of European ancestry (32,405 cases and 42,221 controls). We included as covariates the principal components from the main analysis as well as a study indicator. The interaction model is described by:
<disp-formula id="FD1"><mml:math display="block" id="M1" overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Y</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>∗</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>∗</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></disp-formula><italic>X</italic><sub>1</sub> and <italic>X</italic><sub>2</sub> are genotypes at the two loci, <italic>X</italic><sub>1</sub>*<italic>X</italic><sub>2</sub> is the interaction between the two genotypes modeled in a multiplicative fashion, <italic>X</italic><sub>4</sub> is the vector of principal components, <italic>X</italic><sub>5</sub> is the vector of study indicator variables. Each <italic>β</italic> is the regression coefficient in the generalized linear model using logistic regression. The overall distribution of <italic>P</italic>-values did not deviate from the null and the smallest <italic>P</italic>-value (4.28×10<sup>−4</sup>) did not surpass the Bonferroni correction threshold (p=0.05/7750= 6.45×10<sup>−6</sup>). The line x=y indicates the expected null distribution with the grey area bounded by red lines indicating the expected 95% confidence interval for the null.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0010"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T1" position="anchor" orientation="portrait"><label>Extended Data Table 1</label><caption><title>ALIGATOR and INRICH</title><p id="P31">Gene sets that have been reported to be enriched for schizophrenia associations and or rare mutations were tested for enrichment for genome wide significant associations using ALIGATOR<sup><xref rid="R44" ref-type="bibr">44</xref></sup> and INRICH<sup><xref rid="R45" ref-type="bibr">45</xref></sup>. Specifically, we tested the glutamatergic postsynaptic proteins comprising activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) complexes<sup><xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref>-<xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref></sup>, other curated synaptic gene-sets<sup><xref rid="R14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>,<xref rid="R51" ref-type="bibr">51</xref></sup>, targets of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) <sup><xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref>-<xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref></sup>, calcium channels <sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>,<xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref></sup>, and TargetScan predicted MIR137 sets<sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>,<xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup>. The MIR137 TargetScan sets contain computationally predicted conserved miRNA target sites in 3′UTRs of human genes<sup><xref rid="R52" ref-type="bibr">52</xref></sup>. The current version is v6, but the version used in the prior PGC SCZ report<sup><xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup> was based on v5 (filtered for a probability of conserved targeting > 0.9). We report the results of both analyses for consistency with previous work. The association at the extended MHC complex was not included given the extensive linkage disequilibrium at this region spans large numbers of genes. NA means that the pathway in question contained fewer than 2 significant genes (for ALIGATOR) or regions (INRICH).</p></caption><table frame="box" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SET</th><th align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ALIGATOR</th><th align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">INRICH</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>Postsynaptic sets</italic></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ARC</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> NMDAR</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.458</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>Curated pre- and postsynaptic sets</italic></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cell adhesion and trans8 synaptic signalling</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.902</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.44</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Structural plasticity</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Excitability</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FMRP sets</italic></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> FMRP</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0066</bold></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>5.00E-05</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MIR137 sets</italic></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Targetscan v5 with PCT > 0.9</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0371</bold></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0103</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Targetscan v6.2</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.059</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0024</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>Calcium signalling sets</italic></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> CACN* channel subunits</td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0338</bold></td><td align="right" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.022</bold></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" position="anchor" orientation="portrait"><label>Extended Data Table 2</label><caption><title>de novo overlap</title><p id="P32">Test of overlap between genes mapping to schizophrenia-associated loci in the present study and genes affected by nonsynonymous (NS) de novo mutations. Enrichment was calculated using the dnenrich permutation framework as described<sup><xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup>. Genes within the GWS loci were weighted by 1/N, where N is the number of coding genes within each associated locus. The observed test statistic (stat) is the sum of weights of genes impacted by de novo mutations. The expected test statistics are calculated by averaging over 50,000 permuted de novo mutation sets. Genes within schizophrenia-associated loci affected by de novo mutations are listed (multiple hits listed in parentheses). Cohorts: SCZ = schizophrenia, ID = intellectual disability, ASD = autism spectrum disorder. All mutations analysed annotated according to a unified system (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">supplementary tables 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">2</xref> of ref<sup><xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup>). Genes with LoF de novo mutations are underlined and in italics.</p></caption><table frame="box" rules="all"><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Disease group</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NS (N)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic></th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0 NS in PGC2 loci</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Observed (stat)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Expected (stat)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Genes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SCZ</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">702</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.0061</bold></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10.97</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.27</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CACNACI(x2) <italic><underline>CCDC39</underline></italic> CDCH(x2) CRCL CUL3 DPEP2 <underline><italic>DPYD</italic></underline>(x2) EP300 <underline><italic>ESAM</italic></underline> GRIN2A <underline><italic>LRP1</italic></underline> NCAN PDCDCC PTPRF RIMSC SBNOC SGSM2 SLC7A6 STAGC TMEM2C9 <underline><italic>ZDHHC5</italic></underline> ZNF536</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ID</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">141</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.00002</bold></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.87</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GRIAC GRIN2A(x2) LRPC NEKC NGEF SATB2 SREBF2 STAGC TCFH(x2)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ASD</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">789</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0.035</bold></td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.99</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.93</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><underline><italic>APH1A</italic></underline> CNOTC CSMDC <underline><italic>CUL3</italic></underline> CYPC7AC CYP26BC EPHX2 LRPC MAPK3 MEF2C MPP6 MYOC5A NISCH PBRMC PRKDC <underline><italic>RIMS1</italic></underline> TSNAREC WDR55 ZNF80HA</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Controls</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">434</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.88</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.28</td><td align="center" valign="middle" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ANKRDHH CCCorf87 CCDC39 CDK2APC CHRMH DPEP2 EP300 LRPC LRRCH8 MAN2AC MYOCA OSBPL3 RAIC SF3BC SREBF2 TLE3</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></sec><sec sec-type="supplementary-material" id="SM"><title>Supplementary Material</title><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD2"><label>Supplementary Information</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Information.docx" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4919" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD3"><label>Supplementary Material Legends</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Material_Legends.docx" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4923" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD1"><label>Supplementary Figure 1</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Figure_1.pdf" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4927" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD4"><label>Supplementary Table 4</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Table_4.xlsx" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4931" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD5"><label>Supplementary Table 5</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Table_5.xls" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4935" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD6"><label>Supplementary Table 6</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Table_6.xls" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4939" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD7"><label>Supplementary Table 7</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS59304-supplement-Supplementary_Table_7.xls" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e4943" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material></sec></body><back><ack id="S8"><title>Acknowledgements and Consortia</title><p>Core funding for the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium is from the US National Institute of Mental Health (U01 MH094421). We thank Dr Thomas Lehner (NIMH). The work of the contributing groups was supported by numerous grants from governmental and charitable bodies as well as philanthropic donation. Details are provided in the <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">supplementary material</xref>. Membership of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium and of the Psychosis Endophenotype International Consortium are provided in the <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>.</p></ack><fn-group><fn id="FN3"><p id="P33"><bold>URLs:</bold> Results can be downloaded from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium website (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://pgc.unc.edu">http://pgc.unc.edu</ext-link>) and visualized using Ricopili (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/ricopili">http://www.broadinstitute.org/mpg/ricopili</ext-link>). Genotype data for the samples where the ethics permit deposition are available upon application from the NIMH Genetics Repository (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.nimhgenetics.org">https://www.nimhgenetics.org</ext-link>).</p></fn><fn id="FN4"><p id="P34"><bold>Competing Financial Interests:</bold> Several of the authors are employees of the following pharmaceutical companies; Pfizer (C.R.S., J.R.W., H.S.X.), F. Hoffman-La Roche (E.D., L.E.), Eli Lilly (D.A.C., Y.M., L.N.) and Janssen (S.G., D.W., Q.S.L.; also N.C. an ex-employee). Others are employees of deCODE genetics (S.S., H.S., K.S.). None of these companies influenced the design of the study, the interpretation of the data, the amount of data reported, or financially profit by publication of the results which are pre-competitive. 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The x-axis is chromosomal position and the y-axis is the significance of association (−log<sub>10</sub>(<italic>P</italic>)).The red line shows the genome-wide significance level (5×10<sup>−8</sup>). SNPs in green are in LD with the index SNPs (diamonds) which represent independent genome-wide significant associations.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0001"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Enrichment in enhancers</title><p>Cell and tissue type specific enhancers were identified using ChIP-seq datasets (H3K27ac signal) from 56 cell line and tissue samples (Y-axis). We defined cell and tissue type enhancers as the top 10% of enhancers with the highest ratio of reads in that cell or tissue type divided by the total number of reads. Enrichment of credible causal associated SNPs from the schizophrenia GWAS was compared with frequency matched sets of 1000 Genomes SNPs (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary Text</xref>). The X-axis is the −log<sub>10</sub>(<italic>P</italic>) for enrichment. <italic>P</italic>-values are uncorrected for the number of tissues/cells tested. A −log<sub>10</sub>(<italic>P</italic>) of roughly 3 can be considered significant after Bonferroni correction. Descriptions of cell and tissue types at the Roadmap Epigenome website (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.roadmapepigenomics.org">http://www.roadmapepigenomics.org</ext-link>).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0002"></graphic></fig><fig id="F3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><title>Odds ratio by risk score profile</title><p>Odds ratio for schizophrenia by risk score profile (RPS) decile in the Sweden (Sw1-6), Denmark (Aarhus), and Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia studies (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary text</xref>). Risk alleles and weights were derived from ‘leave one out’ analyses in which those samples were excluded from the GWAS meta-analysis (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">Supplementary text</xref>). The threshold for selecting risk alleles was <italic>P<sub>T</sub></italic> < 0.05. The RPS were converted to deciles (1=lowest, 10=highest RPS), and nine dummy variables created to contrast deciles 2-10 to decile 1 as the reference. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (bars) were estimated using logistic regression with PCs to control for population stratification.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-59304-f0003"></graphic></fig></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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