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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Genome-wide Association Study of Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder</title><author><name sortKey="Stewart, S Evelyn" sort="Stewart, S Evelyn" uniqKey="Stewart S" first="S Evelyn" last="Stewart">S Evelyn Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">British Columbia Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Dongmei" sort="Yu, Dongmei" uniqKey="Yu D" first="Dongmei" last="Yu">Dongmei Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scharf, Jeremiah M" sort="Scharf, Jeremiah M" uniqKey="Scharf J" first="Jeremiah M" last="Scharf">Jeremiah M. Scharf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge MA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M" last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge MA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fagerness, Jesen A" sort="Fagerness, Jesen A" uniqKey="Fagerness J" first="Jesen A" last="Fagerness">Jesen A. Fagerness</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathews, Carol A" sort="Mathews, Carol A" uniqKey="Mathews C" first="Carol A" last="Mathews">Carol A. Mathews</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnold, Paul D" sort="Arnold, Paul D" uniqKey="Arnold P" first="Paul D" last="Arnold">Paul D. Arnold</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Patrick D" sort="Evans, Patrick D" uniqKey="Evans P" first="Patrick D" last="Evans">Patrick D. Evans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamazon, Eric R" sort="Gamazon, Eric R" uniqKey="Gamazon E" first="Eric R" last="Gamazon">Eric R. Gamazon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osiecki, Lisa" sort="Osiecki, Lisa" uniqKey="Osiecki L" first="Lisa" last="Osiecki">Lisa Osiecki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, Lauren" sort="Mcgrath, Lauren" uniqKey="Mcgrath L" first="Lauren" last="Mcgrath">Lauren Mcgrath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haddad, Stephen" sort="Haddad, Stephen" uniqKey="Haddad S" first="Stephen" last="Haddad">Stephen Haddad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crane, Jacquelyn" sort="Crane, Jacquelyn" uniqKey="Crane J" first="Jacquelyn" last="Crane">Jacquelyn Crane</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hezel, Dianne" sort="Hezel, Dianne" uniqKey="Hezel D" first="Dianne" last="Hezel">Dianne Hezel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Illman, Cornelia" sort="Illman, Cornelia" uniqKey="Illman C" first="Cornelia" last="Illman">Cornelia Illman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mayerfeld, Catherine" sort="Mayerfeld, Catherine" uniqKey="Mayerfeld C" first="Catherine" last="Mayerfeld">Catherine Mayerfeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konkashbaev, Anuar" sort="Konkashbaev, Anuar" uniqKey="Konkashbaev A" first="Anuar" last="Konkashbaev">Anuar Konkashbaev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pluzhnikov, Anna" sort="Pluzhnikov, Anna" uniqKey="Pluzhnikov A" first="Anna" last="Pluzhnikov">Anna Pluzhnikov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tikhomirov, Anna" sort="Tikhomirov, Anna" uniqKey="Tikhomirov A" first="Anna" last="Tikhomirov">Anna Tikhomirov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edlund, Christopher K" sort="Edlund, Christopher K" uniqKey="Edlund C" first="Christopher K" last="Edlund">Christopher K. Edlund</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Keck School of Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rauch, Scott L" sort="Rauch, Scott L" uniqKey="Rauch S" first="Scott L" last="Rauch">Scott L. Rauch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Partners Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moessner, Rainald" sort="Moessner, Rainald" uniqKey="Moessner R" first="Rainald" last="Moessner">Rainald Moessner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Falkai, Peter" sort="Falkai, Peter" uniqKey="Falkai P" first="Peter" last="Falkai">Peter Falkai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maier, Wolfgang" sort="Maier, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Maier W" first="Wolfgang" last="Maier">Wolfgang Maier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruhrmann, Stephan" sort="Ruhrmann, Stephan" uniqKey="Ruhrmann S" first="Stephan" last="Ruhrmann">Stephan Ruhrmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grabe, Hans Jorgen" sort="Grabe, Hans Jorgen" uniqKey="Grabe H" first="Hans-Jörgen" last="Grabe">Hans-Jörgen Grabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios-Hospital Stralsund, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lennertz, Leonard" sort="Lennertz, Leonard" uniqKey="Lennertz L" first="Leonard" last="Lennertz">Leonard Lennertz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Michael" sort="Wagner, Michael" uniqKey="Wagner M" first="Michael" last="Wagner">Michael Wagner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellodi, Laura" sort="Bellodi, Laura" uniqKey="Bellodi L" first="Laura" last="Bellodi">Laura Bellodi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Psychiatry Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavallini, Maria Cristina" sort="Cavallini, Maria Cristina" uniqKey="Cavallini M" first="Maria Cristina" last="Cavallini">Maria Cristina Cavallini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Fondazione Centro San Raffaele del Monte Tabor, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Margaret A" sort="Richter, Margaret A" uniqKey="Richter M" first="Margaret A" last="Richter">Margaret A. Richter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, Edwin H" sort="Cook, Edwin H" uniqKey="Cook E" first="Edwin H" last="Cook">Edwin H. Cook</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, James L" sort="Kennedy, James L" uniqKey="Kennedy J" first="James L" last="Kennedy">James L. Kennedy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenberg, David" sort="Rosenberg, David" uniqKey="Rosenberg D" first="David" last="Rosenberg">David Rosenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Child Psychiatry and Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stein, Dan J" sort="Stein, Dan J" uniqKey="Stein D" first="Dan J" last="Stein">Dan J. Stein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemmings, Sian Mj" sort="Hemmings, Sian Mj" uniqKey="Hemmings S" first="Sian Mj" last="Hemmings">Sian Mj Hemmings</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lochner, Christine" sort="Lochner, Christine" uniqKey="Lochner C" first="Christine" last="Lochner">Christine Lochner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azzam, Amin" sort="Azzam, Amin" uniqKey="Azzam A" first="Amin" last="Azzam">Amin Azzam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chavira, Denise A" sort="Chavira, Denise A" uniqKey="Chavira D" first="Denise A" last="Chavira">Denise A. Chavira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, Eduardo" sort="Fournier, Eduardo" uniqKey="Fournier E" first="Eduardo" last="Fournier">Eduardo Fournier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garrido, Helena" sort="Garrido, Helena" uniqKey="Garrido H" first="Helena" last="Garrido">Helena Garrido</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sheppard, Brooke" sort="Sheppard, Brooke" uniqKey="Sheppard B" first="Brooke" last="Sheppard">Brooke Sheppard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uma A, Paul" sort="Uma A, Paul" uniqKey="Uma A P" first="Paul" last="Uma A">Paul Uma A</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Dennis L" sort="Murphy, Dennis L" uniqKey="Murphy D" first="Dennis L" last="Murphy">Dennis L. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wendland, Jens R" sort="Wendland, Jens R" uniqKey="Wendland J" first="Jens R" last="Wendland">Jens R. Wendland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">CNS Clinical Biomarker Group, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veenstra Vanderweele, Jeremy" sort="Veenstra Vanderweele, Jeremy" uniqKey="Veenstra Vanderweele J" first="Jeremy" last="Veenstra-Vanderweele">Jeremy Veenstra-Vanderweele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Pharmacology, Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, and Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Denys, Damiaan" sort="Denys, Damiaan" uniqKey="Denys D" first="Damiaan" last="Denys">Damiaan Denys</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blom, Rianne" sort="Blom, Rianne" uniqKey="Blom R" first="Rianne" last="Blom">Rianne Blom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deforce, Dieter" sort="Deforce, Dieter" uniqKey="Deforce D" first="Dieter" last="Deforce">Dieter Deforce</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip" sort="Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip" uniqKey="Van Nieuwerburgh F" first="Filip" last="Van Nieuwerburgh">Filip Van Nieuwerburgh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Westenberg, Herman Gm" sort="Westenberg, Herman Gm" uniqKey="Westenberg H" first="Herman Gm" last="Westenberg">Herman Gm Westenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walitza, Susanne" sort="Walitza, Susanne" uniqKey="Walitza S" first="Susanne" last="Walitza">Susanne Walitza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Egberts, Karin" sort="Egberts, Karin" uniqKey="Egberts K" first="Karin" last="Egberts">Karin Egberts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renner, Tobias" sort="Renner, Tobias" uniqKey="Renner T" first="Tobias" last="Renner">Tobias Renner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miguel, Euripedes Constantino" sort="Miguel, Euripedes Constantino" uniqKey="Miguel E" first="Euripedes Constantino" last="Miguel">Euripedes Constantino Miguel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cappi, Carolina" sort="Cappi, Carolina" uniqKey="Cappi C" first="Carolina" last="Cappi">Carolina Cappi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hounie, Ana G" sort="Hounie, Ana G" uniqKey="Hounie A" first="Ana G" last="Hounie">Ana G. Hounie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Conceicao Do Rosario, Maria" sort="Conceicao Do Rosario, Maria" uniqKey="Conceicao Do Rosario M" first="Maria" last="Conceição Do Rosário">Maria Conceição Do Rosário</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampaio, Aline S" sort="Sampaio, Aline S" uniqKey="Sampaio A" first="Aline S" last="Sampaio">Aline S. Sampaio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">University Health Care Services - SMURB, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vallada, Homero" sort="Vallada, Homero" uniqKey="Vallada H" first="Homero" last="Vallada">Homero Vallada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicolini, Humberto" sort="Nicolini, Humberto" uniqKey="Nicolini H" first="Humberto" last="Nicolini">Humberto Nicolini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lanzagorta, Nuria" sort="Lanzagorta, Nuria" uniqKey="Lanzagorta N" first="Nuria" last="Lanzagorta">Nuria Lanzagorta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camarena, Beatriz" sort="Camarena, Beatriz" uniqKey="Camarena B" first="Beatriz" last="Camarena">Beatriz Camarena</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Depto. de Genética Psiquiátrica, México, D. F., México</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delorme, Richard" sort="Delorme, Richard" uniqKey="Delorme R" first="Richard" last="Delorme">Richard Delorme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France, INSERM U955</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Psychiatric Genetics, Créteil, F 94000, France, Foundation Fondamental, French National Science Foundation, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leboyer, Marion" sort="Leboyer, Marion" uniqKey="Leboyer M" first="Marion" last="Leboyer">Marion Leboyer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France, INSERM U955</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Psychiatric Genetics, Créteil, F 94000, France, Foundation Fondamental, French National Science Foundation, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Carlos N" sort="Pato, Carlos N" uniqKey="Pato C" first="Carlos N" last="Pato">Carlos N. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Michele T" sort="Pato, Michele T" uniqKey="Pato M" first="Michele T" last="Pato">Michele T. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Voyiaziakis, Emanuel" sort="Voyiaziakis, Emanuel" uniqKey="Voyiaziakis E" first="Emanuel" last="Voyiaziakis">Emanuel Voyiaziakis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heutink, Peter" sort="Heutink, Peter" uniqKey="Heutink P" first="Peter" last="Heutink">Peter Heutink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cath, Danielle C" sort="Cath, Danielle C" uniqKey="Cath D" first="Danielle C" last="Cath">Danielle C. Cath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center and Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smit, Jan H" sort="Smit, Jan H" uniqKey="Smit J" first="Jan H" last="Smit">Jan H. Smit</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samuels, Jack" sort="Samuels, Jack" uniqKey="Samuels J" first="Jack" last="Samuels">Jack Samuels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bienvenu, O Joseph" sort="Bienvenu, O Joseph" uniqKey="Bienvenu O" first="O Joseph" last="Bienvenu">O Joseph Bienvenu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cullen, Bernadette" sort="Cullen, Bernadette" uniqKey="Cullen B" first="Bernadette" last="Cullen">Bernadette Cullen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fyer, Abby J" sort="Fyer, Abby J" uniqKey="Fyer A" first="Abby J" last="Fyer">Abby J. Fyer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grados, Marco A" sort="Grados, Marco A" uniqKey="Grados M" first="Marco A" last="Grados">Marco A. Grados</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Greenberg, Benjamin D" sort="Greenberg, Benjamin D" uniqKey="Greenberg B" first="Benjamin D" last="Greenberg">Benjamin D. Greenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccracken, James T" sort="Mccracken, James T" uniqKey="Mccracken J" first="James T" last="Mccracken">James T. Mccracken</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riddle, Mark A" sort="Riddle, Mark A" uniqKey="Riddle M" first="Mark A" last="Riddle">Mark A. Riddle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Ying" sort="Wang, Ying" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Ying" last="Wang">Ying Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coric, Vladimir" sort="Coric, Vladimir" uniqKey="Coric V" first="Vladimir" last="Coric">Vladimir Coric</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leckman, James F" sort="Leckman, James F" uniqKey="Leckman J" first="James F" last="Leckman">James F. Leckman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Child Study Centre, Pediatrics and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bloch, Michael" sort="Bloch, Michael" uniqKey="Bloch M" first="Michael" last="Bloch">Michael Bloch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pittenger, Christopher" sort="Pittenger, Christopher" uniqKey="Pittenger C" first="Christopher" last="Pittenger">Christopher Pittenger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eapen, Valsamma" sort="Eapen, Valsamma" uniqKey="Eapen V" first="Valsamma" last="Eapen">Valsamma Eapen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Infant, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Academic Unit of Child Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Black, Donald W" sort="Black, Donald W" uniqKey="Black D" first="Donald W" last="Black">Donald W. Black</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strengman, Eric" sort="Strengman, Eric" uniqKey="Strengman E" first="Eric" last="Strengman">Eric Strengman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cusi, Daniele" sort="Cusi, Daniele" uniqKey="Cusi D" first="Daniele" last="Cusi">Daniele Cusi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Graduate School of Nephrology, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Division of Nephrology, San Paolo Hospital, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turiel, Maurizio" sort="Turiel, Maurizio" uniqKey="Turiel M" first="Maurizio" last="Turiel">Maurizio Turiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Health Technologies, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frau, Francesca" sort="Frau, Francesca" uniqKey="Frau F" first="Francesca" last="Frau">Francesca Frau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Graduate School of Nephrology, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Filarete Foundation, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macciardi, Fabio" sort="Macciardi, Fabio" uniqKey="Macciardi F" first="Fabio" last="Macciardi">Fabio Macciardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbs, J Raphael" sort="Gibbs, J Raphael" uniqKey="Gibbs J" first="J Raphael" last="Gibbs">J Raphael Gibbs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cookson, Mark R" sort="Cookson, Mark R" uniqKey="Cookson M" first="Mark R" last="Cookson">Mark R. Cookson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singleton, Andrew" sort="Singleton, Andrew" uniqKey="Singleton A" first="Andrew" last="Singleton">Andrew Singleton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hardy, John" sort="Hardy, John" uniqKey="Hardy J" first="John" last="Hardy">John Hardy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crenshaw, Andrew T" sort="Crenshaw, Andrew T" uniqKey="Crenshaw A" first="Andrew T" last="Crenshaw">Andrew T. Crenshaw</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkin, Melissa A" sort="Parkin, Melissa A" uniqKey="Parkin M" first="Melissa A" last="Parkin">Melissa A. Parkin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mirel, Daniel B" sort="Mirel, Daniel B" uniqKey="Mirel D" first="Daniel B" last="Mirel">Daniel B. Mirel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Conti, David V" sort="Conti, David V" uniqKey="Conti D" first="David V" last="Conti">David V. Conti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Keck School of Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Shaun" sort="Purcell, Shaun" uniqKey="Purcell S" first="Shaun" last="Purcell">Shaun Purcell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nestadt, Gerald" sort="Nestadt, Gerald" uniqKey="Nestadt G" first="Gerald" last="Nestadt">Gerald Nestadt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hanna, Gregory L" sort="Hanna, Gregory L" uniqKey="Hanna G" first="Gregory L" last="Hanna">Gregory L. Hanna</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jenike, Michael A" sort="Jenike, Michael A" uniqKey="Jenike M" first="Michael A" last="Jenike">Michael A. Jenike</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knowles, James A" sort="Knowles, James A" uniqKey="Knowles J" first="James A" last="Knowles">James A. Knowles</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nancy" sort="Cox, Nancy" uniqKey="Cox N" first="Nancy" last="Cox">Nancy Cox</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pauls, David L" sort="Pauls, David L" uniqKey="Pauls D" first="David L" last="Pauls">David L. Pauls</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22889921</idno><idno type="pmc">4218751</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4218751</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4218751</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/mp.2012.85</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002199</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002199</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genome-wide Association Study of Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder</title><author><name sortKey="Stewart, S Evelyn" sort="Stewart, S Evelyn" uniqKey="Stewart S" first="S Evelyn" last="Stewart">S Evelyn Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">British Columbia Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Dongmei" sort="Yu, Dongmei" uniqKey="Yu D" first="Dongmei" last="Yu">Dongmei Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scharf, Jeremiah M" sort="Scharf, Jeremiah M" uniqKey="Scharf J" first="Jeremiah M" last="Scharf">Jeremiah M. Scharf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge MA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neale, Benjamin M" sort="Neale, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Neale B" first="Benjamin M" last="Neale">Benjamin M. Neale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge MA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fagerness, Jesen A" sort="Fagerness, Jesen A" uniqKey="Fagerness J" first="Jesen A" last="Fagerness">Jesen A. Fagerness</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathews, Carol A" sort="Mathews, Carol A" uniqKey="Mathews C" first="Carol A" last="Mathews">Carol A. Mathews</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arnold, Paul D" sort="Arnold, Paul D" uniqKey="Arnold P" first="Paul D" last="Arnold">Paul D. Arnold</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Patrick D" sort="Evans, Patrick D" uniqKey="Evans P" first="Patrick D" last="Evans">Patrick D. Evans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamazon, Eric R" sort="Gamazon, Eric R" uniqKey="Gamazon E" first="Eric R" last="Gamazon">Eric R. Gamazon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osiecki, Lisa" sort="Osiecki, Lisa" uniqKey="Osiecki L" first="Lisa" last="Osiecki">Lisa Osiecki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, Lauren" sort="Mcgrath, Lauren" uniqKey="Mcgrath L" first="Lauren" last="Mcgrath">Lauren Mcgrath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haddad, Stephen" sort="Haddad, Stephen" uniqKey="Haddad S" first="Stephen" last="Haddad">Stephen Haddad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crane, Jacquelyn" sort="Crane, Jacquelyn" uniqKey="Crane J" first="Jacquelyn" last="Crane">Jacquelyn Crane</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hezel, Dianne" sort="Hezel, Dianne" uniqKey="Hezel D" first="Dianne" last="Hezel">Dianne Hezel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Illman, Cornelia" sort="Illman, Cornelia" uniqKey="Illman C" first="Cornelia" last="Illman">Cornelia Illman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mayerfeld, Catherine" sort="Mayerfeld, Catherine" uniqKey="Mayerfeld C" first="Catherine" last="Mayerfeld">Catherine Mayerfeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konkashbaev, Anuar" sort="Konkashbaev, Anuar" uniqKey="Konkashbaev A" first="Anuar" last="Konkashbaev">Anuar Konkashbaev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pluzhnikov, Anna" sort="Pluzhnikov, Anna" uniqKey="Pluzhnikov A" first="Anna" last="Pluzhnikov">Anna Pluzhnikov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tikhomirov, Anna" sort="Tikhomirov, Anna" uniqKey="Tikhomirov A" first="Anna" last="Tikhomirov">Anna Tikhomirov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edlund, Christopher K" sort="Edlund, Christopher K" uniqKey="Edlund C" first="Christopher K" last="Edlund">Christopher K. Edlund</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Keck School of Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rauch, Scott L" sort="Rauch, Scott L" uniqKey="Rauch S" first="Scott L" last="Rauch">Scott L. Rauch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Partners Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moessner, Rainald" sort="Moessner, Rainald" uniqKey="Moessner R" first="Rainald" last="Moessner">Rainald Moessner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Falkai, Peter" sort="Falkai, Peter" uniqKey="Falkai P" first="Peter" last="Falkai">Peter Falkai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maier, Wolfgang" sort="Maier, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Maier W" first="Wolfgang" last="Maier">Wolfgang Maier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruhrmann, Stephan" sort="Ruhrmann, Stephan" uniqKey="Ruhrmann S" first="Stephan" last="Ruhrmann">Stephan Ruhrmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grabe, Hans Jorgen" sort="Grabe, Hans Jorgen" uniqKey="Grabe H" first="Hans-Jörgen" last="Grabe">Hans-Jörgen Grabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios-Hospital Stralsund, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lennertz, Leonard" sort="Lennertz, Leonard" uniqKey="Lennertz L" first="Leonard" last="Lennertz">Leonard Lennertz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, Michael" sort="Wagner, Michael" uniqKey="Wagner M" first="Michael" last="Wagner">Michael Wagner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellodi, Laura" sort="Bellodi, Laura" uniqKey="Bellodi L" first="Laura" last="Bellodi">Laura Bellodi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Psychiatry Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavallini, Maria Cristina" sort="Cavallini, Maria Cristina" uniqKey="Cavallini M" first="Maria Cristina" last="Cavallini">Maria Cristina Cavallini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Fondazione Centro San Raffaele del Monte Tabor, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Margaret A" sort="Richter, Margaret A" uniqKey="Richter M" first="Margaret A" last="Richter">Margaret A. Richter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cook, Edwin H" sort="Cook, Edwin H" uniqKey="Cook E" first="Edwin H" last="Cook">Edwin H. Cook</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, James L" sort="Kennedy, James L" uniqKey="Kennedy J" first="James L" last="Kennedy">James L. Kennedy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosenberg, David" sort="Rosenberg, David" uniqKey="Rosenberg D" first="David" last="Rosenberg">David Rosenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Child Psychiatry and Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stein, Dan J" sort="Stein, Dan J" uniqKey="Stein D" first="Dan J" last="Stein">Dan J. Stein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemmings, Sian Mj" sort="Hemmings, Sian Mj" uniqKey="Hemmings S" first="Sian Mj" last="Hemmings">Sian Mj Hemmings</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lochner, Christine" sort="Lochner, Christine" uniqKey="Lochner C" first="Christine" last="Lochner">Christine Lochner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Azzam, Amin" sort="Azzam, Amin" uniqKey="Azzam A" first="Amin" last="Azzam">Amin Azzam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chavira, Denise A" sort="Chavira, Denise A" uniqKey="Chavira D" first="Denise A" last="Chavira">Denise A. Chavira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, Eduardo" sort="Fournier, Eduardo" uniqKey="Fournier E" first="Eduardo" last="Fournier">Eduardo Fournier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garrido, Helena" sort="Garrido, Helena" uniqKey="Garrido H" first="Helena" last="Garrido">Helena Garrido</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sheppard, Brooke" sort="Sheppard, Brooke" uniqKey="Sheppard B" first="Brooke" last="Sheppard">Brooke Sheppard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uma A, Paul" sort="Uma A, Paul" uniqKey="Uma A P" first="Paul" last="Uma A">Paul Uma A</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Dennis L" sort="Murphy, Dennis L" uniqKey="Murphy D" first="Dennis L" last="Murphy">Dennis L. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wendland, Jens R" sort="Wendland, Jens R" uniqKey="Wendland J" first="Jens R" last="Wendland">Jens R. Wendland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">CNS Clinical Biomarker Group, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Veenstra Vanderweele, Jeremy" sort="Veenstra Vanderweele, Jeremy" uniqKey="Veenstra Vanderweele J" first="Jeremy" last="Veenstra-Vanderweele">Jeremy Veenstra-Vanderweele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Pharmacology, Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, and Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Denys, Damiaan" sort="Denys, Damiaan" uniqKey="Denys D" first="Damiaan" last="Denys">Damiaan Denys</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blom, Rianne" sort="Blom, Rianne" uniqKey="Blom R" first="Rianne" last="Blom">Rianne Blom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deforce, Dieter" sort="Deforce, Dieter" uniqKey="Deforce D" first="Dieter" last="Deforce">Dieter Deforce</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip" sort="Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip" uniqKey="Van Nieuwerburgh F" first="Filip" last="Van Nieuwerburgh">Filip Van Nieuwerburgh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Westenberg, Herman Gm" sort="Westenberg, Herman Gm" uniqKey="Westenberg H" first="Herman Gm" last="Westenberg">Herman Gm Westenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walitza, Susanne" sort="Walitza, Susanne" uniqKey="Walitza S" first="Susanne" last="Walitza">Susanne Walitza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Egberts, Karin" sort="Egberts, Karin" uniqKey="Egberts K" first="Karin" last="Egberts">Karin Egberts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renner, Tobias" sort="Renner, Tobias" uniqKey="Renner T" first="Tobias" last="Renner">Tobias Renner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miguel, Euripedes Constantino" sort="Miguel, Euripedes Constantino" uniqKey="Miguel E" first="Euripedes Constantino" last="Miguel">Euripedes Constantino Miguel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cappi, Carolina" sort="Cappi, Carolina" uniqKey="Cappi C" first="Carolina" last="Cappi">Carolina Cappi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hounie, Ana G" sort="Hounie, Ana G" uniqKey="Hounie A" first="Ana G" last="Hounie">Ana G. Hounie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Conceicao Do Rosario, Maria" sort="Conceicao Do Rosario, Maria" uniqKey="Conceicao Do Rosario M" first="Maria" last="Conceição Do Rosário">Maria Conceição Do Rosário</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampaio, Aline S" sort="Sampaio, Aline S" uniqKey="Sampaio A" first="Aline S" last="Sampaio">Aline S. Sampaio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">University Health Care Services - SMURB, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vallada, Homero" sort="Vallada, Homero" uniqKey="Vallada H" first="Homero" last="Vallada">Homero Vallada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicolini, Humberto" sort="Nicolini, Humberto" uniqKey="Nicolini H" first="Humberto" last="Nicolini">Humberto Nicolini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lanzagorta, Nuria" sort="Lanzagorta, Nuria" uniqKey="Lanzagorta N" first="Nuria" last="Lanzagorta">Nuria Lanzagorta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camarena, Beatriz" sort="Camarena, Beatriz" uniqKey="Camarena B" first="Beatriz" last="Camarena">Beatriz Camarena</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Depto. de Genética Psiquiátrica, México, D. F., México</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delorme, Richard" sort="Delorme, Richard" uniqKey="Delorme R" first="Richard" last="Delorme">Richard Delorme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France, INSERM U955</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Psychiatric Genetics, Créteil, F 94000, France, Foundation Fondamental, French National Science Foundation, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leboyer, Marion" sort="Leboyer, Marion" uniqKey="Leboyer M" first="Marion" last="Leboyer">Marion Leboyer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France, INSERM U955</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Psychiatric Genetics, Créteil, F 94000, France, Foundation Fondamental, French National Science Foundation, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Carlos N" sort="Pato, Carlos N" uniqKey="Pato C" first="Carlos N" last="Pato">Carlos N. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pato, Michele T" sort="Pato, Michele T" uniqKey="Pato M" first="Michele T" last="Pato">Michele T. Pato</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Voyiaziakis, Emanuel" sort="Voyiaziakis, Emanuel" uniqKey="Voyiaziakis E" first="Emanuel" last="Voyiaziakis">Emanuel Voyiaziakis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heutink, Peter" sort="Heutink, Peter" uniqKey="Heutink P" first="Peter" last="Heutink">Peter Heutink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cath, Danielle C" sort="Cath, Danielle C" uniqKey="Cath D" first="Danielle C" last="Cath">Danielle C. Cath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center and Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posthuma, Danielle" sort="Posthuma, Danielle" uniqKey="Posthuma D" first="Danielle" last="Posthuma">Danielle Posthuma</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smit, Jan H" sort="Smit, Jan H" uniqKey="Smit J" first="Jan H" last="Smit">Jan H. Smit</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samuels, Jack" sort="Samuels, Jack" uniqKey="Samuels J" first="Jack" last="Samuels">Jack Samuels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bienvenu, O Joseph" sort="Bienvenu, O Joseph" uniqKey="Bienvenu O" first="O Joseph" last="Bienvenu">O Joseph Bienvenu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cullen, Bernadette" sort="Cullen, Bernadette" uniqKey="Cullen B" first="Bernadette" last="Cullen">Bernadette Cullen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fyer, Abby J" sort="Fyer, Abby J" uniqKey="Fyer A" first="Abby J" last="Fyer">Abby J. Fyer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grados, Marco A" sort="Grados, Marco A" uniqKey="Grados M" first="Marco A" last="Grados">Marco A. Grados</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Greenberg, Benjamin D" sort="Greenberg, Benjamin D" uniqKey="Greenberg B" first="Benjamin D" last="Greenberg">Benjamin D. Greenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccracken, James T" sort="Mccracken, James T" uniqKey="Mccracken J" first="James T" last="Mccracken">James T. Mccracken</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riddle, Mark A" sort="Riddle, Mark A" uniqKey="Riddle M" first="Mark A" last="Riddle">Mark A. Riddle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Ying" sort="Wang, Ying" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Ying" last="Wang">Ying Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coric, Vladimir" sort="Coric, Vladimir" uniqKey="Coric V" first="Vladimir" last="Coric">Vladimir Coric</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leckman, James F" sort="Leckman, James F" uniqKey="Leckman J" first="James F" last="Leckman">James F. Leckman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Child Study Centre, Pediatrics and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bloch, Michael" sort="Bloch, Michael" uniqKey="Bloch M" first="Michael" last="Bloch">Michael Bloch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pittenger, Christopher" sort="Pittenger, Christopher" uniqKey="Pittenger C" first="Christopher" last="Pittenger">Christopher Pittenger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eapen, Valsamma" sort="Eapen, Valsamma" uniqKey="Eapen V" first="Valsamma" last="Eapen">Valsamma Eapen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Infant, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Academic Unit of Child Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Black, Donald W" sort="Black, Donald W" uniqKey="Black D" first="Donald W" last="Black">Donald W. Black</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ophoff, Roel A" sort="Ophoff, Roel A" uniqKey="Ophoff R" first="Roel A" last="Ophoff">Roel A. Ophoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strengman, Eric" sort="Strengman, Eric" uniqKey="Strengman E" first="Eric" last="Strengman">Eric Strengman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cusi, Daniele" sort="Cusi, Daniele" uniqKey="Cusi D" first="Daniele" last="Cusi">Daniele Cusi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Graduate School of Nephrology, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Division of Nephrology, San Paolo Hospital, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turiel, Maurizio" sort="Turiel, Maurizio" uniqKey="Turiel M" first="Maurizio" last="Turiel">Maurizio Turiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Department of Health Technologies, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frau, Francesca" sort="Frau, Francesca" uniqKey="Frau F" first="Francesca" last="Frau">Francesca Frau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Graduate School of Nephrology, University of Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">Filarete Foundation, Milano, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macciardi, Fabio" sort="Macciardi, Fabio" uniqKey="Macciardi F" first="Fabio" last="Macciardi">Fabio Macciardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbs, J Raphael" sort="Gibbs, J Raphael" uniqKey="Gibbs J" first="J Raphael" last="Gibbs">J Raphael Gibbs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cookson, Mark R" sort="Cookson, Mark R" uniqKey="Cookson M" first="Mark R" last="Cookson">Mark R. Cookson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singleton, Andrew" sort="Singleton, Andrew" uniqKey="Singleton A" first="Andrew" last="Singleton">Andrew Singleton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hardy, John" sort="Hardy, John" uniqKey="Hardy J" first="John" last="Hardy">John Hardy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crenshaw, Andrew T" sort="Crenshaw, Andrew T" uniqKey="Crenshaw A" first="Andrew T" last="Crenshaw">Andrew T. Crenshaw</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkin, Melissa A" sort="Parkin, Melissa A" uniqKey="Parkin M" first="Melissa A" last="Parkin">Melissa A. Parkin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mirel, Daniel B" sort="Mirel, Daniel B" uniqKey="Mirel D" first="Daniel B" last="Mirel">Daniel B. Mirel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Conti, David V" sort="Conti, David V" uniqKey="Conti D" first="David V" last="Conti">David V. Conti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Keck School of Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Shaun" sort="Purcell, Shaun" uniqKey="Purcell S" first="Shaun" last="Purcell">Shaun Purcell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nestadt, Gerald" sort="Nestadt, Gerald" uniqKey="Nestadt G" first="Gerald" last="Nestadt">Gerald Nestadt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hanna, Gregory L" sort="Hanna, Gregory L" uniqKey="Hanna G" first="Gregory L" last="Hanna">Gregory L. Hanna</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jenike, Michael A" sort="Jenike, Michael A" uniqKey="Jenike M" first="Michael A" last="Jenike">Michael A. Jenike</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knowles, James A" sort="Knowles, James A" uniqKey="Knowles J" first="James A" last="Knowles">James A. Knowles</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nancy" sort="Cox, Nancy" uniqKey="Cox N" first="Nancy" last="Cox">Nancy Cox</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pauls, David L" sort="Pauls, David L" uniqKey="Pauls D" first="David L" last="Pauls">David L. Pauls</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Molecular psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">1359-4184</idno><idno type="eISSN">1476-5578</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, debilitating neuropsychiatric
illness with complex genetic etiology. The International OCD Foundation Genetics
Collaborative (IOCDF-GC) is a multi-national collaboration established to discover the
genetic variation predisposing to OCD. A set of individuals affected with DSM-IV OCD, a
subset of their parents, and unselected controls, were genotyped with several different
Illumina SNP microarrays. After extensive data cleaning, 1,465 cases, 5,557
ancestry-matched controls and 400 complete trios remained, with a common set of 469,410
autosomal and 9,657 X-chromosome SNPs. Ancestry-stratified case-control association
analyses were conducted for three genetically-defined subpopulations and combined in two
meta-analyses, with and without the trio-based analysis. In the case-control analysis, the
lowest two p-values were located within <italic>DLGAP1</italic>(p=2.49×10<sup>-6</sup> and p=3.44×10<sup>-6</sup>), a
member of the neuronal postsynaptic density complex. In the trio analysis, rs6131295, near
<italic>BTBD3</italic>, exceeded the genome-wide significance threshold with a
p-value=3.84 × 10<sup>-8</sup>. However, when trios were meta-analyzed
with the combined case-control samples, the p-value for this variant was
3.62×10<sup>-5</sup>, losing genome-wide significance. Although no SNPs were
identified to be associated with OCD at a genome-wide significant level in the combined
trio-case-control sample, a significant enrichment of methylation-QTLs (p<0.001)
and frontal lobe eQTLs (p=0.001) was observed within the top-ranked SNPs
(p<0.01) from the trio-case-control analysis, suggesting these top signals may
have a broad role in gene expression in the brain, and possibly in the etiology of
OCD.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9607835</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">20545</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Mol Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Mol. Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Molecular psychiatry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1359-4184</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1476-5578</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22889921</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4218751</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/mp.2012.85</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS435165</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Genome-wide Association Study of Obsessive-Compulsive
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ref-type="aff" rid="A55">55</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bloch</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><degrees>MD, MS</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A54">54</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pittenger</surname><given-names>Christopher</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A54">54</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eapen</surname><given-names>Valsamma</given-names></name><degrees>FRCANZCP, PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A56">56</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Black</surname><given-names>Donald W</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A57">57</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ophoff</surname><given-names>Roel A</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A58">58</xref></contrib><contrib 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contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gibbs</surname><given-names>J Raphael</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A64">64</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cookson</surname><given-names>Mark R</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A64">64</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singleton</surname><given-names>Andrew</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A64">64</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>for North American Brain Expression Consortium</collab></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hardy</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A65">65</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>for the UK Brain Expression Database</collab></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Crenshaw</surname><given-names>Andrew T</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A66">66</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Parkin</surname><given-names>Melissa A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A66">66</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mirel</surname><given-names>Daniel B</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A66">66</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Conti</surname><given-names>David V</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Purcell</surname><given-names>Shaun</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A66">66</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nestadt</surname><given-names>Gerald</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A49">49</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hanna</surname><given-names>Gregory L</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A67">67</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jenike</surname><given-names>Michael A</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Knowles</surname><given-names>James A</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A45">45</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cox</surname><given-names>Nancy</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pauls</surname><given-names>David L</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref rid="FN3" ref-type="author-notes">69</xref><xref rid="FN1" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>British Columbia Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,, USA</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge MA</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Keck School of Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Partners Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios-Hospital Stralsund, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Psychiatry Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano Italy</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Fondazione Centro San Raffaele del Monte Tabor, Milano, Italy</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label>Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label>Child Psychiatry and Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label>Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label>University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label>University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label>Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label>Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label>CNS Clinical Biomarker Group, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label>Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Pharmacology, Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, and Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label>Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label>Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label>Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label>University Health Care Services - SMURB, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label>Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Mexico City, Mexico</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label>Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Depto. de Genética Psiquiátrica, México, D. F., México</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label>AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Paris, France, INSERM U955</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label>Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Psychiatric Genetics, Créteil, F 94000, France, Foundation Fondamental, French National Science Foundation, France</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label>Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label>Section of Medical Genomics, Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label>Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center and Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label>Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label>Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label>New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label>Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label>Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, California, USA</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label>Child Study Centre and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label>Child Study Centre, Pediatrics and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label>Infant, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Academic Unit of Child Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label>University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label>UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label>Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Graduate School of Nephrology, University of Milano, Italy</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label>Division of Nephrology, San Paolo Hospital, Milano, Italy</aff><aff id="A61"><label>61</label>Department of Health Technologies, University of Milano, Italy</aff><aff id="A62"><label>62</label>Filarete Foundation, Milano, Italy</aff><aff id="A63"><label>63</label>Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA</aff><aff id="A64"><label>64</label>Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</aff><aff id="A65"><label>65</label>Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK</aff><aff id="A66"><label>66</label>The Broad Institute of Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA</aff><aff id="A67"><label>67</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1"><label>*</label>Corresponding Authors: Dr. S. Evelyn Stewart, Department of
Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5Z 4H4, Tel: (604)
875-2000 ext. 4725; Fax: (604) 875-3871; <email>evelyn.stewart@ubc.ca</email>; Dr. David
L. Pauls, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetics
Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114. Tel: (617) 726-0793; Fax:
(617) 726-0830; <email>dpauls@pngu.mgh.harvard.edu</email></corresp><fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>68</label><p>The first seven authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><fn id="FN3"><label>69</label><p>These are co-senior authors.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>25</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>788</fpage><lpage>798</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1038/mp.2012.85</pmc-comment>
<abstract><p id="P1">Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, debilitating neuropsychiatric
illness with complex genetic etiology. The International OCD Foundation Genetics
Collaborative (IOCDF-GC) is a multi-national collaboration established to discover the
genetic variation predisposing to OCD. A set of individuals affected with DSM-IV OCD, a
subset of their parents, and unselected controls, were genotyped with several different
Illumina SNP microarrays. After extensive data cleaning, 1,465 cases, 5,557
ancestry-matched controls and 400 complete trios remained, with a common set of 469,410
autosomal and 9,657 X-chromosome SNPs. Ancestry-stratified case-control association
analyses were conducted for three genetically-defined subpopulations and combined in two
meta-analyses, with and without the trio-based analysis. In the case-control analysis, the
lowest two p-values were located within <italic>DLGAP1</italic>(p=2.49×10<sup>-6</sup> and p=3.44×10<sup>-6</sup>), a
member of the neuronal postsynaptic density complex. In the trio analysis, rs6131295, near
<italic>BTBD3</italic>, exceeded the genome-wide significance threshold with a
p-value=3.84 × 10<sup>-8</sup>. However, when trios were meta-analyzed
with the combined case-control samples, the p-value for this variant was
3.62×10<sup>-5</sup>, losing genome-wide significance. Although no SNPs were
identified to be associated with OCD at a genome-wide significant level in the combined
trio-case-control sample, a significant enrichment of methylation-QTLs (p<0.001)
and frontal lobe eQTLs (p=0.001) was observed within the top-ranked SNPs
(p<0.01) from the trio-case-control analysis, suggesting these top signals may
have a broad role in gene expression in the brain, and possibly in the etiology of
OCD.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Obsessive-compulsive disorder</kwd><kwd>GWAS</kwd><kwd>Genetic</kwd><kwd>Genomic</kwd><kwd>Neurodevelopmental disorder</kwd><kwd>DLGAP</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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