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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Psychiatric comorbidity in treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of the IASP study</title><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Arkin Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Glind, Geurt" sort="Van De Glind, Geurt" uniqKey="Van De Glind G" first="Geurt" last="Van De Glind">Geurt Van De Glind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Trimbos-Instituut and ICASA Foundation, Utrecht, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koeter, Maarten W J" sort="Koeter, Maarten W J" uniqKey="Koeter M" first="Maarten W. J." last="Koeter">Maarten W. J. Koeter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allsop, Steve" sort="Allsop, Steve" uniqKey="Allsop S" first="Steve" last="Allsop">Steve Allsop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auriacombe, Marc" sort="Auriacombe, Marc" uniqKey="Auriacombe M" first="Marc" last="Auriacombe">Marc Auriacombe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Labotatrie Département d’addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barta, Csaba" sort="Barta, Csaba" uniqKey="Barta C" first="Csaba" last="Barta">Csaba Barta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bu, Eli Torild H" sort="Bu, Eli Torild H" uniqKey="Bu E" first="Eli Torild H." last="Bu">Eli Torild H. Bu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burren, Yuliya" sort="Burren, Yuliya" uniqKey="Burren Y" first="Yuliya" last="Burren">Yuliya Burren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" sort="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" uniqKey="Carpentier P" first="Pieter-Jan" last="Carpentier">Pieter-Jan Carpentier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Reinier van Arkel groep, ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carruthers, Susan" sort="Carruthers, Susan" uniqKey="Carruthers S" first="Susan" last="Carruthers">Susan Carruthers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, Miguel" sort="Casas, Miguel" uniqKey="Casas M" first="Miguel" last="Casas">Miguel Casas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrovics, Zsolt" sort="Demetrovics, Zsolt" uniqKey="Demetrovics Z" first="Zsolt" last="Demetrovics">Zsolt Demetrovics</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dom, Geert" sort="Dom, Geert" uniqKey="Dom G" first="Geert" last="Dom">Geert Dom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatseas, Melina" sort="Fatseas, Melina" uniqKey="Fatseas M" first="Melina" last="Fatseas">Melina Fatseas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Labotatrie Département d’addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franck, Johan" sort="Franck, Johan" uniqKey="Franck J" first="Johan" last="Franck">Johan Franck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Brian" sort="Johnson, Brian" uniqKey="Johnson B" first="Brian" last="Johnson">Brian Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Nyírő Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaye, Sharlene" sort="Kaye, Sharlene" uniqKey="Kaye S" first="Sharlene" last="Kaye">Sharlene Kaye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konstenius, Maija" sort="Konstenius, Maija" uniqKey="Konstenius M" first="Maija" last="Konstenius">Maija Konstenius</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Frances R" sort="Levin, Frances R" uniqKey="Levin F" first="Frances R." last="Levin">Frances R. Levin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Columbia University/the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moggi, Franz" sort="Moggi, Franz" uniqKey="Moggi F" first="Franz" last="Moggi">Franz Moggi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Ller, Merete" sort="M Ller, Merete" uniqKey="M Ller M" first="Merete" last="M Ller">Merete M Ller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" sort="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J" first="J. Antoni" last="Ramos-Quiroga">J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, Arild" sort="Schillinger, Arild" uniqKey="Schillinger A" first="Arild" last="Schillinger">Arild Schillinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skutle, Arvid" sort="Skutle, Arvid" uniqKey="Skutle A" first="Arvid" last="Skutle">Arvid Skutle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verspreet, Sofie" sort="Verspreet, Sofie" uniqKey="Verspreet S" first="Sofie" last="Verspreet">Sofie Verspreet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, Wim" sort="Van Den Brink, Wim" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W" first="Wim" last="Van Den Brink">Wim Van Den Brink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Robert A" sort="Schoevers, Robert A" uniqKey="Schoevers R" first="Robert A." last="Schoevers">Robert A. Schoevers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24118292</idno><idno type="pmc">4112562</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112562</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4112562</idno><idno type="doi">10.1111/add.12370</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002159</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002159</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Psychiatric comorbidity in treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of the IASP study</title><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" sort="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen, Katelijne" uniqKey="Van Emmerik Van Oortmerssen K" first="Katelijne" last="Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen">Katelijne Van Emmerik-Van Oortmerssen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Arkin Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Glind, Geurt" sort="Van De Glind, Geurt" uniqKey="Van De Glind G" first="Geurt" last="Van De Glind">Geurt Van De Glind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Trimbos-Instituut and ICASA Foundation, Utrecht, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koeter, Maarten W J" sort="Koeter, Maarten W J" uniqKey="Koeter M" first="Maarten W. J." last="Koeter">Maarten W. J. Koeter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allsop, Steve" sort="Allsop, Steve" uniqKey="Allsop S" first="Steve" last="Allsop">Steve Allsop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auriacombe, Marc" sort="Auriacombe, Marc" uniqKey="Auriacombe M" first="Marc" last="Auriacombe">Marc Auriacombe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Labotatrie Département d’addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barta, Csaba" sort="Barta, Csaba" uniqKey="Barta C" first="Csaba" last="Barta">Csaba Barta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bu, Eli Torild H" sort="Bu, Eli Torild H" uniqKey="Bu E" first="Eli Torild H." last="Bu">Eli Torild H. Bu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burren, Yuliya" sort="Burren, Yuliya" uniqKey="Burren Y" first="Yuliya" last="Burren">Yuliya Burren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" sort="Carpentier, Pieter Jan" uniqKey="Carpentier P" first="Pieter-Jan" last="Carpentier">Pieter-Jan Carpentier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Reinier van Arkel groep, ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carruthers, Susan" sort="Carruthers, Susan" uniqKey="Carruthers S" first="Susan" last="Carruthers">Susan Carruthers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casas, Miguel" sort="Casas, Miguel" uniqKey="Casas M" first="Miguel" last="Casas">Miguel Casas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrovics, Zsolt" sort="Demetrovics, Zsolt" uniqKey="Demetrovics Z" first="Zsolt" last="Demetrovics">Zsolt Demetrovics</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dom, Geert" sort="Dom, Geert" uniqKey="Dom G" first="Geert" last="Dom">Geert Dom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faraone, Stephen V" sort="Faraone, Stephen V" uniqKey="Faraone S" first="Stephen V." last="Faraone">Stephen V. Faraone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatseas, Melina" sort="Fatseas, Melina" uniqKey="Fatseas M" first="Melina" last="Fatseas">Melina Fatseas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Labotatrie Département d’addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franck, Johan" sort="Franck, Johan" uniqKey="Franck J" first="Johan" last="Franck">Johan Franck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Brian" sort="Johnson, Brian" uniqKey="Johnson B" first="Brian" last="Johnson">Brian Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" sort="Kapitany Foveny, Mate" uniqKey="Kapitany Foveny M" first="Máté" last="Kapitány-Fövény">Máté Kapitány-Fövény</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Nyírő Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaye, Sharlene" sort="Kaye, Sharlene" uniqKey="Kaye S" first="Sharlene" last="Kaye">Sharlene Kaye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konstenius, Maija" sort="Konstenius, Maija" uniqKey="Konstenius M" first="Maija" last="Konstenius">Maija Konstenius</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Frances R" sort="Levin, Frances R" uniqKey="Levin F" first="Frances R." last="Levin">Frances R. Levin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Columbia University/the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moggi, Franz" sort="Moggi, Franz" uniqKey="Moggi F" first="Franz" last="Moggi">Franz Moggi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Ller, Merete" sort="M Ller, Merete" uniqKey="M Ller M" first="Merete" last="M Ller">Merete M Ller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" sort="Ramos Quiroga, J Antoni" uniqKey="Ramos Quiroga J" first="J. Antoni" last="Ramos-Quiroga">J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schillinger, Arild" sort="Schillinger, Arild" uniqKey="Schillinger A" first="Arild" last="Schillinger">Arild Schillinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skutle, Arvid" sort="Skutle, Arvid" uniqKey="Skutle A" first="Arvid" last="Skutle">Arvid Skutle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verspreet, Sofie" sort="Verspreet, Sofie" uniqKey="Verspreet S" first="Sofie" last="Verspreet">Sofie Verspreet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brink, Wim" sort="Van Den Brink, Wim" uniqKey="Van Den Brink W" first="Wim" last="Van Den Brink">Wim Van Den Brink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schoevers, Robert A" sort="Schoevers, Robert A" uniqKey="Schoevers R" first="Robert A." last="Schoevers">Robert A. Schoevers</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Addiction (Abingdon, England)</title><idno type="ISSN">0965-2140</idno><idno type="eISSN">1360-0443</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Aims</title><p id="P4">To determine comorbidity patterns in treatment-seeking substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with an emphasis on subgroups defined by ADHD subtype, taking into account differences related to gender and primary substance of abuse.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Design</title><p id="P5">Data were obtained from the cross-sectional International ADHD in Substance use disorder Prevalence (IASP) study.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Setting</title><p id="P6">Forty-seven centres of SUD treatment in 10 countries.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Participants</title><p id="P7">A total of 1205 treatment-seeking SUD patients.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Measurements</title><p id="P8">Structured diagnostic assessments were used for all disorders: presence of ADHD was assessed with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV (CAADID), the presence of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), major depression (MD) and (hypo)manic episode (HME) was assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus (MINI Plus), and the presence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) was assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II (SCID II).</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Findings</title><p id="P9">The prevalence of DSM-IV adult ADHD in this SUD sample was 13.9%. ASPD [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8–4.2], BPD (OR = 7.0, 95% CI = 3.1–15.6 for alcohol; OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.8–6.4 for drugs), MD in patients with alcohol as primary substance of abuse (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.1–7.8) and HME (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.1–8.7) were all more prevalent in ADHD<sup>+</sup> compared with ADHD<sup>−</sup> patients (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001). These results also indicate increased levels of BPD and MD for alcohol compared with drugs as primary substance of abuse. Comorbidity patterns differed between ADHD subtypes with increased MD in the inattentive and combined subtype (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01), increased HME and ASPD in the hyperactive/impulsive (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01) and combined subtypes (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001) and increased BPD in all subtypes (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001) compared with SUD patients without ADHD. Seventy-five per cent of ADHD patients had at least one additional comorbid disorder compared with 37% of SUD patients without ADHD.</p></sec><sec id="S7"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P10">Treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are at a very high risk for additional externalizing disorders.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9304118</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">2264</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Addiction</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Addiction</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0965-2140</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1360-0443</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24118292</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4112562</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/add.12370</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS599812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Psychiatric comorbidity in treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of the IASP study</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen</surname><given-names>Katelijne</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>van de Glind</surname><given-names>Geurt</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Koeter</surname><given-names>Maarten W. J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Allsop</surname><given-names>Steve</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Auriacombe</surname><given-names>Marc</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barta</surname><given-names>Csaba</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bu</surname><given-names>Eli Torild H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Burren</surname><given-names>Yuliya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Carpentier</surname><given-names>Pieter-Jan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Carruthers</surname><given-names>Susan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Casas</surname><given-names>Miguel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Demetrovics</surname><given-names>Zsolt</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dom</surname><given-names>Geert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Faraone</surname><given-names>Stephen V.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fatseas</surname><given-names>Melina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Franck</surname><given-names>Johan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Johnson</surname><given-names>Brian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kapitány-Fövény</surname><given-names>Máté</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">17</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaye</surname><given-names>Sharlene</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">18</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Konstenius</surname><given-names>Maija</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>Frances R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">19</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moggi</surname><given-names>Franz</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A20">20</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Møller</surname><given-names>Merete</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">21</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ramos-Quiroga</surname><given-names>J. Antoni</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schillinger</surname><given-names>Arild</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">21</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Skutle</surname><given-names>Arvid</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Verspreet</surname><given-names>Sofie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>IASP research group</collab><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN3">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>van den Brink</surname><given-names>Wim</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">†</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schoevers</surname><given-names>Robert A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">†</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Arkin Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Trimbos-Instituut and ICASA Foundation, Utrecht, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Labotatrie Département d’addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Reinier van Arkel groep, ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, CIBERSAM, Department of Psychiatry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (CAPRI, UA), PC Alexian Brothers, Boechout, Belgium</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>Nyírő Gyula Hospital Drug Outpatient and Prevention Center, Budapest, Hungary</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Columbia University/the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Department for Substance Abuse Treatment, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Fredrikstad, Norway</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><italic>Correspondence to:</italic> Katelijne van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, Research Department, Arkin, Klaprozenweg 111, 1033 NN Amsterdam, the Netherlands. <email>katelijne.van.oortmerssen@arkin.nl</email></corresp><fn id="FN1" fn-type="equal"><label>*</label><p id="P1">The first two authors contributed equally to this study.</p></fn><fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>†</label><p id="P2">The last two authors contributed equally to this study</p></fn><fn id="FN3"><label>‡</label><p id="P3">See Acknowledgements section for members of the IASP research group.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>23</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>2</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>28</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>109</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>262</fpage><lpage>272</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1111/add.12370</pmc-comment>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2013 Society for the Study of Addiction</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Aims</title><p id="P4">To determine comorbidity patterns in treatment-seeking substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with an emphasis on subgroups defined by ADHD subtype, taking into account differences related to gender and primary substance of abuse.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Design</title><p id="P5">Data were obtained from the cross-sectional International ADHD in Substance use disorder Prevalence (IASP) study.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Setting</title><p id="P6">Forty-seven centres of SUD treatment in 10 countries.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Participants</title><p id="P7">A total of 1205 treatment-seeking SUD patients.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Measurements</title><p id="P8">Structured diagnostic assessments were used for all disorders: presence of ADHD was assessed with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV (CAADID), the presence of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), major depression (MD) and (hypo)manic episode (HME) was assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus (MINI Plus), and the presence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) was assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II (SCID II).</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Findings</title><p id="P9">The prevalence of DSM-IV adult ADHD in this SUD sample was 13.9%. ASPD [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8–4.2], BPD (OR = 7.0, 95% CI = 3.1–15.6 for alcohol; OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.8–6.4 for drugs), MD in patients with alcohol as primary substance of abuse (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.1–7.8) and HME (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.1–8.7) were all more prevalent in ADHD<sup>+</sup> compared with ADHD<sup>−</sup> patients (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001). These results also indicate increased levels of BPD and MD for alcohol compared with drugs as primary substance of abuse. Comorbidity patterns differed between ADHD subtypes with increased MD in the inattentive and combined subtype (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01), increased HME and ASPD in the hyperactive/impulsive (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01) and combined subtypes (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001) and increased BPD in all subtypes (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001) compared with SUD patients without ADHD. Seventy-five per cent of ADHD patients had at least one additional comorbid disorder compared with 37% of SUD patients without ADHD.</p></sec><sec id="S7"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P10">Treatment-seeking substance use disorder patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are at a very high risk for additional externalizing disorders.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>ADHD</kwd><kwd>antisocial personality disorder</kwd><kwd>bipolar disorder</kwd><kwd>borderline personality disorder</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>substance use disorder</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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