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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Comprehensive genomic profiles of small cell lung cancer</title><author><name sortKey="George, Julie" sort="George, Julie" uniqKey="George J" first="Julie" last="George">Julie George</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Jing Shan" sort="Lim, Jing Shan" uniqKey="Lim J" first="Jing Shan" last="Lim">Jing Shan Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Se Jin" sort="Jang, Se Jin" uniqKey="Jang S" first="Se Jin" last="Jang">Se Jin Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cun, Yupeng" sort="Cun, Yupeng" uniqKey="Cun Y" first="Yupeng" last="Cun">Yupeng Cun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozreti, Luka" sort="Ozreti, Luka" uniqKey="Ozreti L" first="Luka" last="Ozreti">Luka Ozreti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University. 222 Wangsimniro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leenders, Frauke" sort="Leenders, Frauke" uniqKey="Leenders F" first="Frauke" last="Leenders">Frauke Leenders</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Xin" sort="Lu, Xin" uniqKey="Lu X" first="Xin" last="Lu">Xin Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Cuesta, Lynnette" sort="Fernandez Cuesta, Lynnette" uniqKey="Fernandez Cuesta L" first="Lynnette" last="Fernández-Cuesta">Lynnette Fernández-Cuesta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bosco, Graziella" sort="Bosco, Graziella" uniqKey="Bosco G" first="Graziella" last="Bosco">Graziella Bosco</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Christian" sort="Muller, Christian" uniqKey="Muller C" first="Christian" last="Müller">Christian Müller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dahmen, Ilona" sort="Dahmen, Ilona" uniqKey="Dahmen I" first="Ilona" last="Dahmen">Ilona Dahmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahchan, Nadine S" sort="Jahchan, Nadine S" uniqKey="Jahchan N" first="Nadine S." last="Jahchan">Nadine S. Jahchan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Kwon Sik" sort="Park, Kwon Sik" uniqKey="Park K" first="Kwon-Sik" last="Park">Kwon-Sik Park</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dian" sort="Yang, Dian" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dian" last="Yang">Dian Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karnezis, Anthony N" sort="Karnezis, Anthony N" uniqKey="Karnezis A" first="Anthony N." last="Karnezis">Anthony N. Karnezis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Vancouver General Hospital, Terry Fox laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vaka, Dedeepya" sort="Vaka, Dedeepya" uniqKey="Vaka D" first="Dedeepya" last="Vaka">Dedeepya Vaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres, Angela" sort="Torres, Angela" uniqKey="Torres A" first="Angela" last="Torres">Angela Torres</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Maia Segura" sort="Wang, Maia Segura" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Maia Segura" last="Wang">Maia Segura Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korbel, Jan O" sort="Korbel, Jan O" uniqKey="Korbel J" first="Jan O." last="Korbel">Jan O. Korbel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menon, Roopika" sort="Menon, Roopika" uniqKey="Menon R" first="Roopika" last="Menon">Roopika Menon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chun, Sung Min" sort="Chun, Sung Min" uniqKey="Chun S" first="Sung-Min" last="Chun">Sung-Min Chun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Deokhoon" sort="Kim, Deokhoon" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Deokhoon" last="Kim">Deokhoon Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkerson, Matt" sort="Wilkerson, Matt" uniqKey="Wilkerson M" first="Matt" last="Wilkerson">Matt Wilkerson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayes, Neil" sort="Hayes, Neil" uniqKey="Hayes N" first="Neil" last="Hayes">Neil Hayes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelmann, David" sort="Engelmann, David" uniqKey="Engelmann D" first="David" last="Engelmann">David Engelmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Putzer, Brigitte" sort="Putzer, Brigitte" uniqKey="Putzer B" first="Brigitte" last="Pützer">Brigitte Pützer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bos, Marc" sort="Bos, Marc" uniqKey="Bos M" first="Marc" last="Bos">Marc Bos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michels, Sebastian" sort="Michels, Sebastian" uniqKey="Michels S" first="Sebastian" last="Michels">Sebastian Michels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vlasic, Ignacija" sort="Vlasic, Ignacija" uniqKey="Vlasic I" first="Ignacija" last="Vlasic">Ignacija Vlasic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seidel, Danila" sort="Seidel, Danila" uniqKey="Seidel D" first="Danila" last="Seidel">Danila Seidel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinther, Berit" sort="Pinther, Berit" uniqKey="Pinther B" first="Berit" last="Pinther">Berit Pinther</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaub, Philipp" sort="Schaub, Philipp" uniqKey="Schaub P" first="Philipp" last="Schaub">Philipp Schaub</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Christian" sort="Becker, Christian" uniqKey="Becker C" first="Christian" last="Becker">Christian Becker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Altmuller, Janine" sort="Altmuller, Janine" uniqKey="Altmuller J" first="Janine" last="Altmüller">Janine Altmüller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yokota, Jun" sort="Yokota, Jun" uniqKey="Yokota J" first="Jun" last="Yokota">Jun Yokota</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Genomics and Epigenomics of Cancer Prediction Program, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Barcelona 08916, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohno, Takashi" sort="Kohno, Takashi" uniqKey="Kohno T" first="Takashi" last="Kohno">Takashi Kohno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwakawa, Reika" sort="Iwakawa, Reika" uniqKey="Iwakawa R" first="Reika" last="Iwakawa">Reika Iwakawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuta, Koji" sort="Tsuta, Koji" uniqKey="Tsuta K" first="Koji" last="Tsuta">Koji Tsuta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noguchi, Masayuki" sort="Noguchi, Masayuki" uniqKey="Noguchi M" first="Masayuki" last="Noguchi">Masayuki Noguchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muley, Thomas" sort="Muley, Thomas" uniqKey="Muley T" first="Thomas" last="Muley">Thomas Muley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Hans" sort="Hoffmann, Hans" uniqKey="Hoffmann H" first="Hans" last="Hoffmann">Hans Hoffmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnabel, Philipp A" sort="Schnabel, Philipp A" uniqKey="Schnabel P" first="Philipp A." last="Schnabel">Philipp A. Schnabel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petersen, Iver" sort="Petersen, Iver" uniqKey="Petersen I" first="Iver" last="Petersen">Iver Petersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yuan" sort="Chen, Yuan" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yuan" last="Chen">Yuan Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soltermann, Alex" sort="Soltermann, Alex" uniqKey="Soltermann A" first="Alex" last="Soltermann">Alex Soltermann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tischler, Verena" sort="Tischler, Verena" uniqKey="Tischler V" first="Verena" last="Tischler">Verena Tischler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Chang Min" sort="Choi, Chang Min" uniqKey="Choi C" first="Chang-Min" last="Choi">Chang-Min Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yong Hee" sort="Kim, Yong Hee" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yong-Hee" last="Kim">Yong-Hee Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massion, Pierre P" sort="Massion, Pierre P" uniqKey="Massion P" first="Pierre P." last="Massion">Pierre P. Massion</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center PRB 640, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Yong" sort="Zou, Yong" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yong" last="Zou">Yong Zou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center PRB 640, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jovanovic, Dragana" sort="Jovanovic, Dragana" uniqKey="Jovanovic D" first="Dragana" last="Jovanovic">Dragana Jovanovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kontic, Milica" sort="Kontic, Milica" uniqKey="Kontic M" first="Milica" last="Kontic">Milica Kontic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wright, Gavin M" sort="Wright, Gavin M" uniqKey="Wright G" first="Gavin M." last="Wright">Gavin M. Wright</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Prudence A" sort="Russell, Prudence A" uniqKey="Russell P" first="Prudence A." last="Russell">Prudence A. Russell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Pathology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solomon, Benjamin" sort="Solomon, Benjamin" uniqKey="Solomon B" first="Benjamin" last="Solomon">Benjamin Solomon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koch, Ina" sort="Koch, Ina" uniqKey="Koch I" first="Ina" last="Koch">Ina Koch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Asklepios Biobank für Lungenerkrankungen, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting 82131, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindner, Michael" sort="Lindner, Michael" uniqKey="Lindner M" first="Michael" last="Lindner">Michael Lindner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Asklepios Biobank für Lungenerkrankungen, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting 82131, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muscarella, Lucia A" sort="Muscarella, Lucia A" uniqKey="Muscarella L" first="Lucia A." last="Muscarella">Lucia A. Muscarella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni, Rotondo, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Torre, Annamaria" sort="La Torre, Annamaria" uniqKey="La Torre A" first="Annamaria" last="La Torre">Annamaria La Torre</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni, Rotondo, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Field, John K" sort="Field, John K" uniqKey="Field J" first="John K." last="Field">John K. Field</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, L69 3GA Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jakopovic, Marko" sort="Jakopovic, Marko" uniqKey="Jakopovic M" first="Marko" last="Jakopovic">Marko Jakopovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knezevic, Jelena" sort="Knezevic, Jelena" uniqKey="Knezevic J" first="Jelena" last="Knezevic">Jelena Knezevic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Laboratory for Translational Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casta Os Velez, Esmeralda" sort="Casta Os Velez, Esmeralda" uniqKey="Casta Os Velez E" first="Esmeralda" last="Casta Os-Vélez">Esmeralda Casta Os-Vélez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Campus Mitte, 10115 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roz, Luca" sort="Roz, Luca" uniqKey="Roz L" first="Luca" last="Roz">Luca Roz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS — Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pastorino, Ugo" sort="Pastorino, Ugo" uniqKey="Pastorino U" first="Ugo" last="Pastorino">Ugo Pastorino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brustugun, Odd Terje" sort="Brustugun, Odd Terje" uniqKey="Brustugun O" first="Odd-Terje" last="Brustugun">Odd-Terje Brustugun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lund Iversen, Marius" sort="Lund Iversen, Marius" uniqKey="Lund Iversen M" first="Marius" last="Lund-Iversen">Marius Lund-Iversen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thunnissen, Erik" sort="Thunnissen, Erik" uniqKey="Thunnissen E" first="Erik" last="Thunnissen">Erik Thunnissen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohler, Jens" sort="Kohler, Jens" uniqKey="Kohler J" first="Jens" last="Köhler">Jens Köhler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuler, Martin" sort="Schuler, Martin" uniqKey="Schuler M" first="Martin" last="Schuler">Martin Schuler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Botling, Johan" sort="Botling, Johan" uniqKey="Botling J" first="Johan" last="Botling">Johan Botling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Departments of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandelin, Martin" sort="Sandelin, Martin" uniqKey="Sandelin M" first="Martin" last="Sandelin">Martin Sandelin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Departments of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Cespedes, Montserrat" sort="Sanchez Cespedes, Montserrat" uniqKey="Sanchez Cespedes M" first="Montserrat" last="Sanchez-Cespedes">Montserrat Sanchez-Cespedes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salvesen, Helga B" sort="Salvesen, Helga B" uniqKey="Salvesen H" first="Helga B." last="Salvesen">Helga B. Salvesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Clinical Science, Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Achter, Viktor" sort="Achter, Viktor" uniqKey="Achter V" first="Viktor" last="Achter">Viktor Achter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Computing Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Ulrich" sort="Lang, Ulrich" uniqKey="Lang U" first="Ulrich" last="Lang">Ulrich Lang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Computing Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Informatics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bogus, Magdalena" sort="Bogus, Magdalena" uniqKey="Bogus M" first="Magdalena" last="Bogus">Magdalena Bogus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50823 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Peter M" sort="Schneider, Peter M" uniqKey="Schneider P" first="Peter M." last="Schneider">Peter M. Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50823 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zander, Thomas" sort="Zander, Thomas" uniqKey="Zander T" first="Thomas" last="Zander">Thomas Zander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Gastrointestinal Cancer Group Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansen, Sascha" sort="Ansen, Sascha" uniqKey="Ansen S" first="Sascha" last="Ansén">Sascha Ansén</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallek, Michael" sort="Hallek, Michael" uniqKey="Hallek M" first="Michael" last="Hallek">Michael Hallek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Jurgen" sort="Wolf, Jurgen" uniqKey="Wolf J" first="Jürgen" last="Wolf">Jürgen Wolf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vingron, Martin" sort="Vingron, Martin" uniqKey="Vingron M" first="Martin" last="Vingron">Martin Vingron</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Computational Molecular Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yatabe, Yasushi" sort="Yatabe, Yasushi" uniqKey="Yatabe Y" first="Yasushi" last="Yatabe">Yasushi Yatabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, 464-8681 Nagoya, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Travis, William D" sort="Travis, William D" uniqKey="Travis W" first="William D." last="Travis">William D. Travis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurnberg, Peter" sort="Nurnberg, Peter" uniqKey="Nurnberg P" first="Peter" last="Nürnberg">Peter Nürnberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reinhardt, Christian" sort="Reinhardt, Christian" uniqKey="Reinhardt C" first="Christian" last="Reinhardt">Christian Reinhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perner, Sven" sort="Perner, Sven" uniqKey="Perner S" first="Sven" last="Perner">Sven Perner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heukamp, Lukas" sort="Heukamp, Lukas" uniqKey="Heukamp L" first="Lukas" last="Heukamp">Lukas Heukamp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buttner, Reinhard" sort="Buttner, Reinhard" uniqKey="Buttner R" first="Reinhard" last="Büttner">Reinhard Büttner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haas, Stefan A" sort="Haas, Stefan A" uniqKey="Haas S" first="Stefan A." last="Haas">Stefan A. Haas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Computational Molecular Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Elisabeth" sort="Brambilla, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Brambilla E" first="Elisabeth" last="Brambilla">Elisabeth Brambilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Pathology, CHU Grenoble INSERM U823, University Joseph Fourier, Institute Albert Bonniot 38043, CS10217 Grenoble, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peifer, Martin" sort="Peifer, Martin" uniqKey="Peifer M" first="Martin" last="Peifer">Martin Peifer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sage, Julien" sort="Sage, Julien" uniqKey="Sage J" first="Julien" last="Sage">Julien Sage</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Roman K" sort="Thomas, Roman K" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="Roman K." last="Thomas">Roman K. Thomas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26168399</idno><idno type="pmc">4861069</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4861069</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4861069</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/nature14664</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001D39</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001D39</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Comprehensive genomic profiles of small cell lung cancer</title><author><name sortKey="George, Julie" sort="George, Julie" uniqKey="George J" first="Julie" last="George">Julie George</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Jing Shan" sort="Lim, Jing Shan" uniqKey="Lim J" first="Jing Shan" last="Lim">Jing Shan Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Se Jin" sort="Jang, Se Jin" uniqKey="Jang S" first="Se Jin" last="Jang">Se Jin Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cun, Yupeng" sort="Cun, Yupeng" uniqKey="Cun Y" first="Yupeng" last="Cun">Yupeng Cun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozreti, Luka" sort="Ozreti, Luka" uniqKey="Ozreti L" first="Luka" last="Ozreti">Luka Ozreti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University. 222 Wangsimniro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leenders, Frauke" sort="Leenders, Frauke" uniqKey="Leenders F" first="Frauke" last="Leenders">Frauke Leenders</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Xin" sort="Lu, Xin" uniqKey="Lu X" first="Xin" last="Lu">Xin Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Cuesta, Lynnette" sort="Fernandez Cuesta, Lynnette" uniqKey="Fernandez Cuesta L" first="Lynnette" last="Fernández-Cuesta">Lynnette Fernández-Cuesta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bosco, Graziella" sort="Bosco, Graziella" uniqKey="Bosco G" first="Graziella" last="Bosco">Graziella Bosco</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Christian" sort="Muller, Christian" uniqKey="Muller C" first="Christian" last="Müller">Christian Müller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dahmen, Ilona" sort="Dahmen, Ilona" uniqKey="Dahmen I" first="Ilona" last="Dahmen">Ilona Dahmen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahchan, Nadine S" sort="Jahchan, Nadine S" uniqKey="Jahchan N" first="Nadine S." last="Jahchan">Nadine S. Jahchan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Kwon Sik" sort="Park, Kwon Sik" uniqKey="Park K" first="Kwon-Sik" last="Park">Kwon-Sik Park</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dian" sort="Yang, Dian" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dian" last="Yang">Dian Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karnezis, Anthony N" sort="Karnezis, Anthony N" uniqKey="Karnezis A" first="Anthony N." last="Karnezis">Anthony N. Karnezis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Vancouver General Hospital, Terry Fox laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vaka, Dedeepya" sort="Vaka, Dedeepya" uniqKey="Vaka D" first="Dedeepya" last="Vaka">Dedeepya Vaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres, Angela" sort="Torres, Angela" uniqKey="Torres A" first="Angela" last="Torres">Angela Torres</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Maia Segura" sort="Wang, Maia Segura" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Maia Segura" last="Wang">Maia Segura Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korbel, Jan O" sort="Korbel, Jan O" uniqKey="Korbel J" first="Jan O." last="Korbel">Jan O. Korbel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menon, Roopika" sort="Menon, Roopika" uniqKey="Menon R" first="Roopika" last="Menon">Roopika Menon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chun, Sung Min" sort="Chun, Sung Min" uniqKey="Chun S" first="Sung-Min" last="Chun">Sung-Min Chun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Deokhoon" sort="Kim, Deokhoon" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Deokhoon" last="Kim">Deokhoon Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkerson, Matt" sort="Wilkerson, Matt" uniqKey="Wilkerson M" first="Matt" last="Wilkerson">Matt Wilkerson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayes, Neil" sort="Hayes, Neil" uniqKey="Hayes N" first="Neil" last="Hayes">Neil Hayes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelmann, David" sort="Engelmann, David" uniqKey="Engelmann D" first="David" last="Engelmann">David Engelmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Putzer, Brigitte" sort="Putzer, Brigitte" uniqKey="Putzer B" first="Brigitte" last="Pützer">Brigitte Pützer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bos, Marc" sort="Bos, Marc" uniqKey="Bos M" first="Marc" last="Bos">Marc Bos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michels, Sebastian" sort="Michels, Sebastian" uniqKey="Michels S" first="Sebastian" last="Michels">Sebastian Michels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vlasic, Ignacija" sort="Vlasic, Ignacija" uniqKey="Vlasic I" first="Ignacija" last="Vlasic">Ignacija Vlasic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seidel, Danila" sort="Seidel, Danila" uniqKey="Seidel D" first="Danila" last="Seidel">Danila Seidel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinther, Berit" sort="Pinther, Berit" uniqKey="Pinther B" first="Berit" last="Pinther">Berit Pinther</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaub, Philipp" sort="Schaub, Philipp" uniqKey="Schaub P" first="Philipp" last="Schaub">Philipp Schaub</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Becker, Christian" sort="Becker, Christian" uniqKey="Becker C" first="Christian" last="Becker">Christian Becker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Altmuller, Janine" sort="Altmuller, Janine" uniqKey="Altmuller J" first="Janine" last="Altmüller">Janine Altmüller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yokota, Jun" sort="Yokota, Jun" uniqKey="Yokota J" first="Jun" last="Yokota">Jun Yokota</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Genomics and Epigenomics of Cancer Prediction Program, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Barcelona 08916, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohno, Takashi" sort="Kohno, Takashi" uniqKey="Kohno T" first="Takashi" last="Kohno">Takashi Kohno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwakawa, Reika" sort="Iwakawa, Reika" uniqKey="Iwakawa R" first="Reika" last="Iwakawa">Reika Iwakawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuta, Koji" sort="Tsuta, Koji" uniqKey="Tsuta K" first="Koji" last="Tsuta">Koji Tsuta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noguchi, Masayuki" sort="Noguchi, Masayuki" uniqKey="Noguchi M" first="Masayuki" last="Noguchi">Masayuki Noguchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muley, Thomas" sort="Muley, Thomas" uniqKey="Muley T" first="Thomas" last="Muley">Thomas Muley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Hans" sort="Hoffmann, Hans" uniqKey="Hoffmann H" first="Hans" last="Hoffmann">Hans Hoffmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnabel, Philipp A" sort="Schnabel, Philipp A" uniqKey="Schnabel P" first="Philipp A." last="Schnabel">Philipp A. Schnabel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petersen, Iver" sort="Petersen, Iver" uniqKey="Petersen I" first="Iver" last="Petersen">Iver Petersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yuan" sort="Chen, Yuan" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yuan" last="Chen">Yuan Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soltermann, Alex" sort="Soltermann, Alex" uniqKey="Soltermann A" first="Alex" last="Soltermann">Alex Soltermann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tischler, Verena" sort="Tischler, Verena" uniqKey="Tischler V" first="Verena" last="Tischler">Verena Tischler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Chang Min" sort="Choi, Chang Min" uniqKey="Choi C" first="Chang-Min" last="Choi">Chang-Min Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yong Hee" sort="Kim, Yong Hee" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yong-Hee" last="Kim">Yong-Hee Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massion, Pierre P" sort="Massion, Pierre P" uniqKey="Massion P" first="Pierre P." last="Massion">Pierre P. Massion</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center PRB 640, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Yong" sort="Zou, Yong" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yong" last="Zou">Yong Zou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center PRB 640, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jovanovic, Dragana" sort="Jovanovic, Dragana" uniqKey="Jovanovic D" first="Dragana" last="Jovanovic">Dragana Jovanovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kontic, Milica" sort="Kontic, Milica" uniqKey="Kontic M" first="Milica" last="Kontic">Milica Kontic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wright, Gavin M" sort="Wright, Gavin M" uniqKey="Wright G" first="Gavin M." last="Wright">Gavin M. Wright</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Prudence A" sort="Russell, Prudence A" uniqKey="Russell P" first="Prudence A." last="Russell">Prudence A. Russell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Pathology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solomon, Benjamin" sort="Solomon, Benjamin" uniqKey="Solomon B" first="Benjamin" last="Solomon">Benjamin Solomon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koch, Ina" sort="Koch, Ina" uniqKey="Koch I" first="Ina" last="Koch">Ina Koch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Asklepios Biobank für Lungenerkrankungen, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting 82131, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindner, Michael" sort="Lindner, Michael" uniqKey="Lindner M" first="Michael" last="Lindner">Michael Lindner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Asklepios Biobank für Lungenerkrankungen, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting 82131, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muscarella, Lucia A" sort="Muscarella, Lucia A" uniqKey="Muscarella L" first="Lucia A." last="Muscarella">Lucia A. Muscarella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni, Rotondo, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Torre, Annamaria" sort="La Torre, Annamaria" uniqKey="La Torre A" first="Annamaria" last="La Torre">Annamaria La Torre</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni, Rotondo, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Field, John K" sort="Field, John K" uniqKey="Field J" first="John K." last="Field">John K. Field</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, L69 3GA Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jakopovic, Marko" sort="Jakopovic, Marko" uniqKey="Jakopovic M" first="Marko" last="Jakopovic">Marko Jakopovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36">University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knezevic, Jelena" sort="Knezevic, Jelena" uniqKey="Knezevic J" first="Jelena" last="Knezevic">Jelena Knezevic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Laboratory for Translational Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casta Os Velez, Esmeralda" sort="Casta Os Velez, Esmeralda" uniqKey="Casta Os Velez E" first="Esmeralda" last="Casta Os-Vélez">Esmeralda Casta Os-Vélez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Campus Mitte, 10115 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roz, Luca" sort="Roz, Luca" uniqKey="Roz L" first="Luca" last="Roz">Luca Roz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS — Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pastorino, Ugo" sort="Pastorino, Ugo" uniqKey="Pastorino U" first="Ugo" last="Pastorino">Ugo Pastorino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brustugun, Odd Terje" sort="Brustugun, Odd Terje" uniqKey="Brustugun O" first="Odd-Terje" last="Brustugun">Odd-Terje Brustugun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lund Iversen, Marius" sort="Lund Iversen, Marius" uniqKey="Lund Iversen M" first="Marius" last="Lund-Iversen">Marius Lund-Iversen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thunnissen, Erik" sort="Thunnissen, Erik" uniqKey="Thunnissen E" first="Erik" last="Thunnissen">Erik Thunnissen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kohler, Jens" sort="Kohler, Jens" uniqKey="Kohler J" first="Jens" last="Köhler">Jens Köhler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuler, Martin" sort="Schuler, Martin" uniqKey="Schuler M" first="Martin" last="Schuler">Martin Schuler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Botling, Johan" sort="Botling, Johan" uniqKey="Botling J" first="Johan" last="Botling">Johan Botling</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Departments of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandelin, Martin" sort="Sandelin, Martin" uniqKey="Sandelin M" first="Martin" last="Sandelin">Martin Sandelin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Departments of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Cespedes, Montserrat" sort="Sanchez Cespedes, Montserrat" uniqKey="Sanchez Cespedes M" first="Montserrat" last="Sanchez-Cespedes">Montserrat Sanchez-Cespedes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salvesen, Helga B" sort="Salvesen, Helga B" uniqKey="Salvesen H" first="Helga B." last="Salvesen">Helga B. Salvesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">Department of Clinical Science, Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Achter, Viktor" sort="Achter, Viktor" uniqKey="Achter V" first="Viktor" last="Achter">Viktor Achter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Computing Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Ulrich" sort="Lang, Ulrich" uniqKey="Lang U" first="Ulrich" last="Lang">Ulrich Lang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Computing Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Department of Informatics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bogus, Magdalena" sort="Bogus, Magdalena" uniqKey="Bogus M" first="Magdalena" last="Bogus">Magdalena Bogus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50823 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Peter M" sort="Schneider, Peter M" uniqKey="Schneider P" first="Peter M." last="Schneider">Peter M. Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50823 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zander, Thomas" sort="Zander, Thomas" uniqKey="Zander T" first="Thomas" last="Zander">Thomas Zander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Gastrointestinal Cancer Group Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansen, Sascha" sort="Ansen, Sascha" uniqKey="Ansen S" first="Sascha" last="Ansén">Sascha Ansén</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallek, Michael" sort="Hallek, Michael" uniqKey="Hallek M" first="Michael" last="Hallek">Michael Hallek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Jurgen" sort="Wolf, Jurgen" uniqKey="Wolf J" first="Jürgen" last="Wolf">Jürgen Wolf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vingron, Martin" sort="Vingron, Martin" uniqKey="Vingron M" first="Martin" last="Vingron">Martin Vingron</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Computational Molecular Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yatabe, Yasushi" sort="Yatabe, Yasushi" uniqKey="Yatabe Y" first="Yasushi" last="Yatabe">Yasushi Yatabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, 464-8681 Nagoya, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Travis, William D" sort="Travis, William D" uniqKey="Travis W" first="William D." last="Travis">William D. Travis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurnberg, Peter" sort="Nurnberg, Peter" uniqKey="Nurnberg P" first="Peter" last="Nürnberg">Peter Nürnberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reinhardt, Christian" sort="Reinhardt, Christian" uniqKey="Reinhardt C" first="Christian" last="Reinhardt">Christian Reinhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perner, Sven" sort="Perner, Sven" uniqKey="Perner S" first="Sven" last="Perner">Sven Perner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heukamp, Lukas" sort="Heukamp, Lukas" uniqKey="Heukamp L" first="Lukas" last="Heukamp">Lukas Heukamp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buttner, Reinhard" sort="Buttner, Reinhard" uniqKey="Buttner R" first="Reinhard" last="Büttner">Reinhard Büttner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haas, Stefan A" sort="Haas, Stefan A" uniqKey="Haas S" first="Stefan A." last="Haas">Stefan A. Haas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Computational Molecular Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Elisabeth" sort="Brambilla, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Brambilla E" first="Elisabeth" last="Brambilla">Elisabeth Brambilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Pathology, CHU Grenoble INSERM U823, University Joseph Fourier, Institute Albert Bonniot 38043, CS10217 Grenoble, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peifer, Martin" sort="Peifer, Martin" uniqKey="Peifer M" first="Martin" last="Peifer">Martin Peifer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sage, Julien" sort="Sage, Julien" uniqKey="Sage J" first="Julien" last="Sage">Julien Sage</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Roman K" sort="Thomas, Roman K" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="Roman K." last="Thomas">Roman K. Thomas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-0836</idno><idno type="eISSN">1476-4687</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P3">We have sequenced the genomes of 110 small cell lung cancers (SCLC), one of the deadliest human cancers. In nearly all the tumours analysed we found bi-allelic inactivation of <italic>TP53</italic> and <italic>RB1</italic>, sometimes by complex genomic rearrangements. Two tumours with wild-type <italic>RB1</italic> had evidence of chromothripsis leading to overexpression of cyclin D1 (encoded by the <italic>CCND1</italic> gene), revealing an alternative mechanism of Rb1 deregulation. Thus, loss of the tumour suppressors <italic>TP53</italic> and <italic>RB1</italic> is obligatory in SCLC. We discovered somatic genomic rearrangements of <italic>TP73</italic> that create an oncogenic version of this gene, <italic>TP73Δex2/3</italic>. In rare cases, SCLC tumours exhibited kinase gene mutations, providing a possible therapeutic opportunity for individual patients. Finally, we observed inactivating mutations in <italic>NOTCH</italic> family genes in 25% of human SCLC. Accordingly, activation of Notch signalling in a pre-clinical SCLC mouse model strikingly reduced the number of tumours and extended the survival of the mutant mice. Furthermore, neuroendocrine gene expression was abrogated by Notch activity in SCLC cells. This first comprehensive study of somatic genome alterations in SCLC uncovers several key biological processes and identifies candidate therapeutic targets in this highly lethal form of cancer.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0410462</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">6011</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Nature</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Nature</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Nature</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0028-0836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1476-4687</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26168399</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4861069</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/nature14664</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS782739</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comprehensive genomic profiles of small cell lung cancer</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib 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contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brambilla</surname><given-names>Elisabeth</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A60">60</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Peifer</surname><given-names>Martin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A59">59</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sage</surname><given-names>Julien</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thomas</surname><given-names>Roman K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University. 222 Wangsimniro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Vancouver General Hospital, Terry Fox laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Institute of Pathology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>Genomics and Epigenomics of Cancer Prediction Program, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Barcelona 08916, Spain</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Amalienstrasse 5, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label>Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label>Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label>Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label>Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label>Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center PRB 640, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label>University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label>Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label>Department of Pathology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label>Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label>Asklepios Biobank für Lungenerkrankungen, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting 82131, Germany</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label>Laboratory of Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni, Rotondo, Italy</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label>Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, L69 3GA Liverpool, UK</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label>University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label>Laboratory for Translational Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label>Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Campus Mitte, 10115 Berlin, Germany</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label>Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS — Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label>Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label>Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label>Department of Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label>Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label>Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label>West German Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label>German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label>Departments of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label>Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label>Department of Clinical Science, Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label>Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5058 Bergen, Norway</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label>Computing Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label>Department of Informatics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label>Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50823 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label>Gastrointestinal Cancer Group Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne–Bonn, Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label>Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label>Computational Molecular Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label>Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, 464-8681 Nagoya, Japan</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label>Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, USA</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label>Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label>Department of Pathology, CHU Grenoble INSERM U823, University Joseph Fourier, Institute Albert Bonniot 38043, CS10217 Grenoble, France</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to R.K.T. (<email>roman.thomas@uni-koeln.de</email>), J.S. (<email>julsage@stanford.edu</email>) or M.P. (<email>mpeifer@uni-koeln.de</email>)</corresp><fn id="FN1" fn-type="present-address"><label>†</label><p id="P1">Present address: Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France.</p></fn><fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>*</label><p id="P2">These authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>3</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>6</day><month>8</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>09</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>524</volume><issue>7563</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1038/nature14664</pmc-comment>
<permissions><license license-type="permissions-link"><license-p>Reprints and permissions information is available at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/reprints">www.nature.com/reprints</ext-link>.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p id="P3">We have sequenced the genomes of 110 small cell lung cancers (SCLC), one of the deadliest human cancers. In nearly all the tumours analysed we found bi-allelic inactivation of <italic>TP53</italic> and <italic>RB1</italic>, sometimes by complex genomic rearrangements. Two tumours with wild-type <italic>RB1</italic> had evidence of chromothripsis leading to overexpression of cyclin D1 (encoded by the <italic>CCND1</italic> gene), revealing an alternative mechanism of Rb1 deregulation. Thus, loss of the tumour suppressors <italic>TP53</italic> and <italic>RB1</italic> is obligatory in SCLC. We discovered somatic genomic rearrangements of <italic>TP73</italic> that create an oncogenic version of this gene, <italic>TP73Δex2/3</italic>. In rare cases, SCLC tumours exhibited kinase gene mutations, providing a possible therapeutic opportunity for individual patients. Finally, we observed inactivating mutations in <italic>NOTCH</italic> family genes in 25% of human SCLC. Accordingly, activation of Notch signalling in a pre-clinical SCLC mouse model strikingly reduced the number of tumours and extended the survival of the mutant mice. Furthermore, neuroendocrine gene expression was abrogated by Notch activity in SCLC cells. This first comprehensive study of somatic genome alterations in SCLC uncovers several key biological processes and identifies candidate therapeutic targets in this highly lethal form of cancer.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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