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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The bi-directional associations between psychotic experiences and DSM-IV mental disorders</title><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, John J" sort="Mcgrath, John J" uniqKey="Mcgrath J" first="John J." last="Mcgrath">John J. Mcgrath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saha, Sukanta" sort="Saha, Sukanta" uniqKey="Saha S" first="Sukanta" last="Saha">Sukanta Saha</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, Ali" sort="Al Hamzawi, Ali" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="Ali" last="Al-Hamzawi">Ali Al-Hamzawi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania Governorate, Iraq</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrade, Laura" sort="Andrade, Laura" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="Laura" last="Andrade">Laura Andrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benjet, Corina" sort="Benjet, Corina" uniqKey="Benjet C" first="Corina" last="Benjet">Corina Benjet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bromet, Evelyn J" sort="Bromet, Evelyn J" uniqKey="Bromet E" first="Evelyn J." last="Bromet">Evelyn J. Bromet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Browne, Mark Oakley" sort="Browne, Mark Oakley" uniqKey="Browne M" first="Mark Oakley" last="Browne">Mark Oakley Browne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" sort="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" uniqKey="Caldas De Almeida J" first="Jose M." last="Caldas De Almeida">Jose M. Caldas De Almeida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Wai Tat" sort="Chiu, Wai Tat" uniqKey="Chiu W" first="Wai Tat" last="Chiu">Wai Tat Chiu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demyttenaere, Koen" sort="Demyttenaere, Koen" uniqKey="Demyttenaere K" first="Koen" last="Demyttenaere">Koen Demyttenaere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fayyad, John" sort="Fayyad, John" uniqKey="Fayyad J" first="John" last="Fayyad">John Fayyad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florescu, Silvia" sort="Florescu, Silvia" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="Silvia" last="Florescu">Silvia Florescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Girolamo, Giovanni" sort="De Girolamo, Giovanni" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="Giovanni" last="De Girolamo">Giovanni De Girolamo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gureje, Oye" sort="Gureje, Oye" uniqKey="Gureje O" first="Oye" last="Gureje">Oye Gureje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haro, Josep Maria" sort="Haro, Josep Maria" uniqKey="Haro J" first="Josep Maria" last="Haro">Josep Maria Haro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deïu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Have, Margreet Ten" sort="Have, Margreet Ten" uniqKey="Have M" first="Margreet Ten" last="Have">Margreet Ten Have</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Chiyi" sort="Hu, Chiyi" uniqKey="Hu C" first="Chiyi" last="Hu">Chiyi Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Shenzhen Insitute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" sort="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" uniqKey="Kovess Masfety V" first="Viviane" last="Kovess-Masfety">Viviane Kovess-Masfety</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Carmen C W" sort="Lim, Carmen C W" uniqKey="Lim C" first="Carmen C. W." last="Lim">Carmen C. W. Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" sort="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="Fernando" last="Navarro-Mateu">Fernando Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Murcia Health Service, Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Nancy" sort="Sampson, Nancy" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="Nancy" last="Sampson">Nancy Sampson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posada Villa, Jose" sort="Posada Villa, Jose" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="José" last="Posada-Villa">José Posada-Villa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarva University, Colombia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth" sort="Kendler, Kenneth" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth" last="Kendler">Kenneth Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessler, Ronald C" sort="Kessler, Ronald C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="Ronald C." last="Kessler">Ronald C. Kessler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26988628</idno><idno type="pmc">5175400</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5175400</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5175400</idno><idno type="doi">10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15101293</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001C90</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001C90</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The bi-directional associations between psychotic experiences and DSM-IV mental disorders</title><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, John J" sort="Mcgrath, John J" uniqKey="Mcgrath J" first="John J." last="Mcgrath">John J. Mcgrath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saha, Sukanta" sort="Saha, Sukanta" uniqKey="Saha S" first="Sukanta" last="Saha">Sukanta Saha</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, Ali" sort="Al Hamzawi, Ali" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="Ali" last="Al-Hamzawi">Ali Al-Hamzawi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania Governorate, Iraq</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrade, Laura" sort="Andrade, Laura" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="Laura" last="Andrade">Laura Andrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benjet, Corina" sort="Benjet, Corina" uniqKey="Benjet C" first="Corina" last="Benjet">Corina Benjet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bromet, Evelyn J" sort="Bromet, Evelyn J" uniqKey="Bromet E" first="Evelyn J." last="Bromet">Evelyn J. Bromet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Browne, Mark Oakley" sort="Browne, Mark Oakley" uniqKey="Browne M" first="Mark Oakley" last="Browne">Mark Oakley Browne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" sort="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" uniqKey="Caldas De Almeida J" first="Jose M." last="Caldas De Almeida">Jose M. Caldas De Almeida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Wai Tat" sort="Chiu, Wai Tat" uniqKey="Chiu W" first="Wai Tat" last="Chiu">Wai Tat Chiu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demyttenaere, Koen" sort="Demyttenaere, Koen" uniqKey="Demyttenaere K" first="Koen" last="Demyttenaere">Koen Demyttenaere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fayyad, John" sort="Fayyad, John" uniqKey="Fayyad J" first="John" last="Fayyad">John Fayyad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florescu, Silvia" sort="Florescu, Silvia" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="Silvia" last="Florescu">Silvia Florescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Girolamo, Giovanni" sort="De Girolamo, Giovanni" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="Giovanni" last="De Girolamo">Giovanni De Girolamo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gureje, Oye" sort="Gureje, Oye" uniqKey="Gureje O" first="Oye" last="Gureje">Oye Gureje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haro, Josep Maria" sort="Haro, Josep Maria" uniqKey="Haro J" first="Josep Maria" last="Haro">Josep Maria Haro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deïu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Have, Margreet Ten" sort="Have, Margreet Ten" uniqKey="Have M" first="Margreet Ten" last="Have">Margreet Ten Have</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Chiyi" sort="Hu, Chiyi" uniqKey="Hu C" first="Chiyi" last="Hu">Chiyi Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Shenzhen Insitute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital, Shenzhen, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" sort="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" uniqKey="Kovess Masfety V" first="Viviane" last="Kovess-Masfety">Viviane Kovess-Masfety</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Carmen C W" sort="Lim, Carmen C W" uniqKey="Lim C" first="Carmen C. W." last="Lim">Carmen C. W. Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" sort="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="Fernando" last="Navarro-Mateu">Fernando Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Murcia Health Service, Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Nancy" sort="Sampson, Nancy" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="Nancy" last="Sampson">Nancy Sampson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posada Villa, Jose" sort="Posada Villa, Jose" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="José" last="Posada-Villa">José Posada-Villa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarva University, Colombia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth" sort="Kendler, Kenneth" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth" last="Kendler">Kenneth Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessler, Ronald C" sort="Kessler, Ronald C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="Ronald C." last="Kessler">Ronald C. Kessler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American journal of psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-953X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1535-7228</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title><p id="P2">While it is now recognized that psychotic experiences (PEs) are associated with an increased risk of later mental disorders, we lack a detailed understanding of the reciprocal time-lagged relationships between first onsets of PEs and mental disorders.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P3">The WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys assessed lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset of PEs and 21 common DSM-IV mental disorders among 31,261 adult respondents from 18 countries.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P4">Temporally primary PEs were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of 8 of the 21 mental disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, adult separation anxiety disorder, bulimia nervosa, alcohol abuse), with ORs (95%CI) ranging from 1.3 (1.2–1.5; major depressive disorder) to 2.0 (1.5–2.6; bipolar disorder). In contrast, 18 of 21 primary mental disorders were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of PEs, with ORs (95% CI) ranging from 1.5 (1.0–2.1; childhood separation anxiety disorder) to 2.8 (1.0–7.8; anorexia nervosa).</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P5">While temporally primary PEs are associated with an elevated risk of several subsequent mental disorders, we found that most mental disorder are associated with an elevated risk of subsequent PEs. Further investigation of the underlying factors accounting for these time-order relationships might shed light on the etiology of PEs.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0370512</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">457</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Am J Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Am J Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The American journal of psychiatry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0002-953X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1535-7228</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26988628</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5175400</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15101293</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS835526</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The bi-directional associations between psychotic experiences and DSM-IV mental disorders</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McGrath</surname><given-names>John J.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Saha</surname><given-names>Sukanta</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al-Hamzawi</surname><given-names>Ali</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Andrade</surname><given-names>Laura</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Benjet</surname><given-names>Corina</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bromet</surname><given-names>Evelyn J.</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Browne</surname><given-names>Mark Oakley</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Caldas de Almeida</surname><given-names>Jose M.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chiu</surname><given-names>Wai Tat</given-names></name><degrees>A.M.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Demyttenaere</surname><given-names>Koen</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fayyad</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Florescu</surname><given-names>Silvia</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Girolamo</surname><given-names>Giovanni</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gureje</surname><given-names>Oye</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haro</surname><given-names>Josep Maria</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Have</surname><given-names>Margreet ten</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">17</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>Chiyi</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">18</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kovess-Masfety</surname><given-names>Viviane</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">19</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lim</surname><given-names>Carmen C. W.</given-names></name><degrees>M.Sc.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A20">20</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Navarro-Mateu</surname><given-names>Fernando</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">21</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sampson</surname><given-names>Nancy</given-names></name><degrees>B.A.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Posada-Villa</surname><given-names>José</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A22">22</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kendler</surname><given-names>Kenneth</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A23">23</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kessler</surname><given-names>Ronald C.</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania Governorate, Iraq</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, United States</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deïu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Netherlands</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>Shenzhen Insitute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital, Shenzhen, China</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University, Paris, France</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>Murcia Health Service, Murcia, Spain</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarva University, Colombia</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Corresponding author:</bold> Professor John McGrath, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4076, Australia., <email>j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au</email>, Phone: +61 7 3271 8694, Fax: +61 7 3271 8698</corresp><fn id="FN1"><label>*</label><p id="P1">Authors listed alphabetically</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>173</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>997</fpage><lpage>1006</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15101293</pmc-comment>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title><p id="P2">While it is now recognized that psychotic experiences (PEs) are associated with an increased risk of later mental disorders, we lack a detailed understanding of the reciprocal time-lagged relationships between first onsets of PEs and mental disorders.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P3">The WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys assessed lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset of PEs and 21 common DSM-IV mental disorders among 31,261 adult respondents from 18 countries.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P4">Temporally primary PEs were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of 8 of the 21 mental disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, adult separation anxiety disorder, bulimia nervosa, alcohol abuse), with ORs (95%CI) ranging from 1.3 (1.2–1.5; major depressive disorder) to 2.0 (1.5–2.6; bipolar disorder). In contrast, 18 of 21 primary mental disorders were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of PEs, with ORs (95% CI) ranging from 1.5 (1.0–2.1; childhood separation anxiety disorder) to 2.8 (1.0–7.8; anorexia nervosa).</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P5">While temporally primary PEs are associated with an elevated risk of several subsequent mental disorders, we found that most mental disorder are associated with an elevated risk of subsequent PEs. Further investigation of the underlying factors accounting for these time-order relationships might shed light on the etiology of PEs.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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