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<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants increased the risk of sporadic cutaneous melanoma in darker-pigmented Caucasians: a pooled-analysis from the M-SKIP project</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pasquali, Elena" sort="Pasquali, Elena" uniqKey="Pasquali E" first="Elena" last="Pasquali">Elena Pasquali</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Garcia Borr N, Jose C" sort="Garcia Borr N, Jose C" uniqKey="Garcia Borr N J" first="José C." last="García-Borr N">José C. García-Borr N</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fargnoli, Maria Concetta" sort="Fargnoli, Maria Concetta" uniqKey="Fargnoli M" first="Maria Concetta" last="Fargnoli">Maria Concetta Fargnoli</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Dermatology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gandini, Sara" sort="Gandini, Sara" uniqKey="Gandini S" first="Sara" last="Gandini">Sara Gandini</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Maisonneuve, Patrick" sort="Maisonneuve, Patrick" uniqKey="Maisonneuve P" first="Patrick" last="Maisonneuve">Patrick Maisonneuve</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bagnardi, Vincenzo" sort="Bagnardi, Vincenzo" uniqKey="Bagnardi V" first="Vincenzo" last="Bagnardi">Vincenzo Bagnardi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Specchia, Claudia" sort="Specchia, Claudia" uniqKey="Specchia C" first="Claudia" last="Specchia">Claudia Specchia</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Liu, Fan" sort="Liu, Fan" uniqKey="Liu F" first="Fan" last="Liu">Fan Liu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayser, Manfred" sort="Kayser, Manfred" uniqKey="Kayser M" first="Manfred" last="Kayser">Manfred Kayser</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nijsten, Tamar" sort="Nijsten, Tamar" uniqKey="Nijsten T" first="Tamar" last="Nijsten">Tamar Nijsten</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nagore, Eduardo" sort="Nagore, Eduardo" uniqKey="Nagore E" first="Eduardo" last="Nagore">Eduardo Nagore</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A9">Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kumar, Rajiv" sort="Kumar, Rajiv" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Rajiv" last="Kumar">Rajiv Kumar</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hansson, Johan" sort="Hansson, Johan" uniqKey="Hansson J" first="Johan" last="Hansson">Johan Hansson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kanetsky, Peter A" sort="Kanetsky, Peter A" uniqKey="Kanetsky P" first="Peter A." last="Kanetsky">Peter A. Kanetsky</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ghiorzo, Paola" sort="Ghiorzo, Paola" uniqKey="Ghiorzo P" first="Paola" last="Ghiorzo">Paola Ghiorzo</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A14">Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino –IST, Genoa</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Debniak, Tadeusz" sort="Debniak, Tadeusz" uniqKey="Debniak T" first="Tadeusz" last="Debniak">Tadeusz Debniak</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Genetic and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska, Poland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Branicki, Wojciech" sort="Branicki, Wojciech" uniqKey="Branicki W" first="Wojciech" last="Branicki">Wojciech Branicki</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gruis, Nelleke A" sort="Gruis, Nelleke A" uniqKey="Gruis N" first="Nelleke A." last="Gruis">Nelleke A. Gruis</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Han, Jiali" sort="Han, Jiali" uniqKey="Han J" first="Jiali" last="Han">Jiali Han</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A19">Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dwyer, Terry" sort="Dwyer, Terry" uniqKey="Dwyer T" first="Terry" last="Dwyer">Terry Dwyer</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A21">Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Blizzard, Leigh" sort="Blizzard, Leigh" uniqKey="Blizzard L" first="Leigh" last="Blizzard">Leigh Blizzard</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A22">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Landi, Maria Teresa" sort="Landi, Maria Teresa" uniqKey="Landi M" first="Maria Teresa" last="Landi">Maria Teresa Landi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A23">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Palmieri, Giuseppe" sort="Palmieri, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Palmieri G" first="Giuseppe" last="Palmieri">Giuseppe Palmieri</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A24">Unit of Cancer Genetics, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Sassari, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ribas, Gloria" sort="Ribas, Gloria" uniqKey="Ribas G" first="Gloria" last="Ribas">Gloria Ribas</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A25">Dptd. Oncologia medica y hematologia, Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria- INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Stratigos, Alexander" sort="Stratigos, Alexander" uniqKey="Stratigos A" first="Alexander" last="Stratigos">Alexander Stratigos</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Dermatology, University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Council, M Laurin" sort="Council, M Laurin" uniqKey="Council M" first="M. Laurin" last="Council">M. Laurin Council</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A27">Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Autier, Philippe" sort="Autier, Philippe" uniqKey="Autier P" first="Philippe" last="Autier">Philippe Autier</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A28">International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Little, Julian" sort="Little, Julian" uniqKey="Little J" first="Julian" last="Little">Julian Little</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A29">Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Newton Bishop, Julia" sort="Newton Bishop, Julia" uniqKey="Newton Bishop J" first="Julia" last="Newton-Bishop">Julia Newton-Bishop</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A30">Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sera, Francesco" sort="Sera, Francesco" uniqKey="Sera F" first="Francesco" last="Sera">Francesco Sera</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A31">UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Raimondi, Sara" sort="Raimondi, Sara" uniqKey="Raimondi S" first="Sara" last="Raimondi">Sara Raimondi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">24917043</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4378685</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4378685</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4378685</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1002/ijc.29018</idno>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001C52</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001C52</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants increased the risk of sporadic cutaneous melanoma in darker-pigmented Caucasians: a pooled-analysis from the M-SKIP project</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pasquali, Elena" sort="Pasquali, Elena" uniqKey="Pasquali E" first="Elena" last="Pasquali">Elena Pasquali</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Garcia Borr N, Jose C" sort="Garcia Borr N, Jose C" uniqKey="Garcia Borr N J" first="José C." last="García-Borr N">José C. García-Borr N</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fargnoli, Maria Concetta" sort="Fargnoli, Maria Concetta" uniqKey="Fargnoli M" first="Maria Concetta" last="Fargnoli">Maria Concetta Fargnoli</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Dermatology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gandini, Sara" sort="Gandini, Sara" uniqKey="Gandini S" first="Sara" last="Gandini">Sara Gandini</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Maisonneuve, Patrick" sort="Maisonneuve, Patrick" uniqKey="Maisonneuve P" first="Patrick" last="Maisonneuve">Patrick Maisonneuve</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bagnardi, Vincenzo" sort="Bagnardi, Vincenzo" uniqKey="Bagnardi V" first="Vincenzo" last="Bagnardi">Vincenzo Bagnardi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Specchia, Claudia" sort="Specchia, Claudia" uniqKey="Specchia C" first="Claudia" last="Specchia">Claudia Specchia</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Liu, Fan" sort="Liu, Fan" uniqKey="Liu F" first="Fan" last="Liu">Fan Liu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayser, Manfred" sort="Kayser, Manfred" uniqKey="Kayser M" first="Manfred" last="Kayser">Manfred Kayser</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nijsten, Tamar" sort="Nijsten, Tamar" uniqKey="Nijsten T" first="Tamar" last="Nijsten">Tamar Nijsten</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A7">Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nagore, Eduardo" sort="Nagore, Eduardo" uniqKey="Nagore E" first="Eduardo" last="Nagore">Eduardo Nagore</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A9">Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kumar, Rajiv" sort="Kumar, Rajiv" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Rajiv" last="Kumar">Rajiv Kumar</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hansson, Johan" sort="Hansson, Johan" uniqKey="Hansson J" first="Johan" last="Hansson">Johan Hansson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kanetsky, Peter A" sort="Kanetsky, Peter A" uniqKey="Kanetsky P" first="Peter A." last="Kanetsky">Peter A. Kanetsky</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ghiorzo, Paola" sort="Ghiorzo, Paola" uniqKey="Ghiorzo P" first="Paola" last="Ghiorzo">Paola Ghiorzo</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A14">Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino –IST, Genoa</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Debniak, Tadeusz" sort="Debniak, Tadeusz" uniqKey="Debniak T" first="Tadeusz" last="Debniak">Tadeusz Debniak</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Genetic and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska, Poland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Branicki, Wojciech" sort="Branicki, Wojciech" uniqKey="Branicki W" first="Wojciech" last="Branicki">Wojciech Branicki</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gruis, Nelleke A" sort="Gruis, Nelleke A" uniqKey="Gruis N" first="Nelleke A." last="Gruis">Nelleke A. Gruis</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A17">Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Han, Jiali" sort="Han, Jiali" uniqKey="Han J" first="Jiali" last="Han">Jiali Han</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A19">Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A20">Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dwyer, Terry" sort="Dwyer, Terry" uniqKey="Dwyer T" first="Terry" last="Dwyer">Terry Dwyer</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A21">Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Blizzard, Leigh" sort="Blizzard, Leigh" uniqKey="Blizzard L" first="Leigh" last="Blizzard">Leigh Blizzard</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A22">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Landi, Maria Teresa" sort="Landi, Maria Teresa" uniqKey="Landi M" first="Maria Teresa" last="Landi">Maria Teresa Landi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A23">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Palmieri, Giuseppe" sort="Palmieri, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Palmieri G" first="Giuseppe" last="Palmieri">Giuseppe Palmieri</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A24">Unit of Cancer Genetics, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Sassari, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ribas, Gloria" sort="Ribas, Gloria" uniqKey="Ribas G" first="Gloria" last="Ribas">Gloria Ribas</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A25">Dptd. Oncologia medica y hematologia, Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria- INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Stratigos, Alexander" sort="Stratigos, Alexander" uniqKey="Stratigos A" first="Alexander" last="Stratigos">Alexander Stratigos</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Dermatology, University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Council, M Laurin" sort="Council, M Laurin" uniqKey="Council M" first="M. Laurin" last="Council">M. Laurin Council</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A27">Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Autier, Philippe" sort="Autier, Philippe" uniqKey="Autier P" first="Philippe" last="Autier">Philippe Autier</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A28">International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Little, Julian" sort="Little, Julian" uniqKey="Little J" first="Julian" last="Little">Julian Little</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A29">Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Newton Bishop, Julia" sort="Newton Bishop, Julia" uniqKey="Newton Bishop J" first="Julia" last="Newton-Bishop">Julia Newton-Bishop</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A30">Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sera, Francesco" sort="Sera, Francesco" uniqKey="Sera F" first="Francesco" last="Sera">Francesco Sera</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A31">UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Raimondi, Sara" sort="Raimondi, Sara" uniqKey="Raimondi S" first="Sara" last="Raimondi">Sara Raimondi</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0020-7136</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1097-0215</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p id="P1">The
<italic>MC1R</italic>
gene is a key regulator of skin pigmentation. We aimed to evaluate the association between
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants and the risk of sporadic cutaneous melanoma (CM) within the M-SKIP project, an international pooled-analysis on
<italic>MC1R</italic>
, skin cancer and phenotypic characteristics. Data included 5,160 cases and 12,119 controls from 17 studies. We calculated a Summary Odds Ratio (SOR) for the association of each of the nine most studied
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants and of variants combined with CM by using random-effects models. Stratified analysis by phenotypic characteristics were also performed.</p>
<p id="P2">Melanoma risk increased with presence of any of the main
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants: the SOR for each variant ranged from 1.47 (95%CI: 1.17–1.84) for V60L to 2.74 (1.53–4.89) for D84E. Carriers of any
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variant had a 66% higher risk of developing melanoma compared to wild-type subjects (SOR; 95%CI: 1.66; 1.41–1.96), and the risk attributable to
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants was 28%. When taking into account phenotypic characteristics, we found that
<italic>MC1R</italic>
–associated melanoma risk increased only for darker-pigmented Caucasians: SOR (95%CI) was 3.14 (2.06–4.80) for subjects with no freckles, no red hair and skin type III/IV.</p>
<p id="P3">Our study documents the important role of all the main
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants in sporadic CM and suggests that they have a direct effect on melanoma risk, independently on the phenotypic characteristics of carriers. This is of particular importance for assessing preventive strategies, which may be directed to darker-pigmented Caucasians with
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants as well as to lightly-pigmented, fair-skinned subjects.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0042124</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">4284</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0020-7136</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1097-0215</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24917043</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4378685</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/ijc.29018</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS673001</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants increased the risk of sporadic cutaneous melanoma in darker-pigmented Caucasians: a pooled-analysis from the M-SKIP project</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pasquali</surname>
<given-names>Elena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>García-Borrón</surname>
<given-names>José C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fargnoli</surname>
<given-names>Maria Concetta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gandini</surname>
<given-names>Sara</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Maisonneuve</surname>
<given-names>Patrick</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bagnardi</surname>
<given-names>Vincenzo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Specchia</surname>
<given-names>Claudia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Fan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kayser</surname>
<given-names>Manfred</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Nijsten</surname>
<given-names>Tamar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Nagore</surname>
<given-names>Eduardo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kumar</surname>
<given-names>Rajiv</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hansson</surname>
<given-names>Johan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kanetsky</surname>
<given-names>Peter A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ghiorzo</surname>
<given-names>Paola</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Debniak</surname>
<given-names>Tadeusz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Branicki</surname>
<given-names>Wojciech</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gruis</surname>
<given-names>Nelleke A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">17</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Han</surname>
<given-names>Jiali</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">18</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">19</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A20">20</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Dwyer</surname>
<given-names>Terry</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">21</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Blizzard</surname>
<given-names>Leigh</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A22">22</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Landi</surname>
<given-names>Maria Teresa</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A23">23</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Palmieri</surname>
<given-names>Giuseppe</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A24">24</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ribas</surname>
<given-names>Gloria</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A25">25</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Stratigos</surname>
<given-names>Alexander</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A26">26</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Council</surname>
<given-names>M.Laurin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A27">27</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Autier</surname>
<given-names>Philippe</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A28">28</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Little</surname>
<given-names>Julian</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A29">29</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Newton-Bishop</surname>
<given-names>Julia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A30">30</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sera</surname>
<given-names>Francesco</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A31">31</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Raimondi</surname>
<given-names>Sara</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<collab>for the M-SKIP Study Group</collab>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1">
<label>1</label>
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A2">
<label>2</label>
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain</aff>
<aff id="A3">
<label>3</label>
Department of Dermatology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A4">
<label>4</label>
Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A5">
<label>5</label>
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A6">
<label>6</label>
Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</aff>
<aff id="A7">
<label>7</label>
Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</aff>
<aff id="A8">
<label>8</label>
Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain</aff>
<aff id="A9">
<label>9</label>
Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<label>10</label>
Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<label>11</label>
Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff>
<aff id="A12">
<label>12</label>
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA</aff>
<aff id="A13">
<label>13</label>
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A14">
<label>14</label>
Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino –IST, Genoa</aff>
<aff id="A15">
<label>15</label>
Department of Genetic and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Polabska, Poland</aff>
<aff id="A16">
<label>16</label>
Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland</aff>
<aff id="A17">
<label>17</label>
Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</aff>
<aff id="A18">
<label>18</label>
Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</aff>
<aff id="A19">
<label>19</label>
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</aff>
<aff id="A20">
<label>20</label>
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA</aff>
<aff id="A21">
<label>21</label>
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia</aff>
<aff id="A22">
<label>22</label>
Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia</aff>
<aff id="A23">
<label>23</label>
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA</aff>
<aff id="A24">
<label>24</label>
Unit of Cancer Genetics, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Sassari, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A25">
<label>25</label>
Dptd. Oncologia medica y hematologia, Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria- INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain</aff>
<aff id="A26">
<label>26</label>
Department of Dermatology, University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece</aff>
<aff id="A27">
<label>27</label>
Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA</aff>
<aff id="A28">
<label>28</label>
International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</aff>
<aff id="A29">
<label>29</label>
Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada</aff>
<aff id="A30">
<label>30</label>
Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</aff>
<aff id="A31">
<label>31</label>
UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">
<label>*</label>
<bold>
<italic>Correspondence to:</italic>
</bold>
Sara Raimondi, PhD, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy, Tel: +39 02 94372711, Fax: +39 02 57489922,
<email>sara.raimondi@ieo.it</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted">
<day>19</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>1</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release">
<day>01</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>136</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>618</fpage>
<lpage>631</lpage>
<pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1002/ijc.29018</pmc-comment>
<abstract>
<p id="P1">The
<italic>MC1R</italic>
gene is a key regulator of skin pigmentation. We aimed to evaluate the association between
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants and the risk of sporadic cutaneous melanoma (CM) within the M-SKIP project, an international pooled-analysis on
<italic>MC1R</italic>
, skin cancer and phenotypic characteristics. Data included 5,160 cases and 12,119 controls from 17 studies. We calculated a Summary Odds Ratio (SOR) for the association of each of the nine most studied
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants and of variants combined with CM by using random-effects models. Stratified analysis by phenotypic characteristics were also performed.</p>
<p id="P2">Melanoma risk increased with presence of any of the main
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants: the SOR for each variant ranged from 1.47 (95%CI: 1.17–1.84) for V60L to 2.74 (1.53–4.89) for D84E. Carriers of any
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variant had a 66% higher risk of developing melanoma compared to wild-type subjects (SOR; 95%CI: 1.66; 1.41–1.96), and the risk attributable to
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants was 28%. When taking into account phenotypic characteristics, we found that
<italic>MC1R</italic>
–associated melanoma risk increased only for darker-pigmented Caucasians: SOR (95%CI) was 3.14 (2.06–4.80) for subjects with no freckles, no red hair and skin type III/IV.</p>
<p id="P3">Our study documents the important role of all the main
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants in sporadic CM and suggests that they have a direct effect on melanoma risk, independently on the phenotypic characteristics of carriers. This is of particular importance for assessing preventive strategies, which may be directed to darker-pigmented Caucasians with
<italic>MC1R</italic>
variants as well as to lightly-pigmented, fair-skinned subjects.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>melanocortin-1 receptor</kwd>
<kwd>melanoma</kwd>
<kwd>meta-analysis</kwd>
<kwd>genetic epidemiology</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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