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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">EUROGIN 2011 roadmap on prevention and treatment of HPV-related disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Arbyn, Marc" sort="Arbyn, Marc" uniqKey="Arbyn M" first="Marc" last="Arbyn">Marc Arbyn</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health Brussels, Belgium</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Sanjose, Silvia" sort="De Sanjose, Silvia" uniqKey="De Sanjose S" first="Silvia" last="De Sanjosé">Silvia De Sanjosé</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Unit of Infections and Cancer & Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salut Púbñica, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saraiya, Mona" sort="Saraiya, Mona" uniqKey="Saraiya M" first="Mona" last="Saraiya">Mona Saraiya</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sideri, Mario" sort="Sideri, Mario" uniqKey="Sideri M" first="Mario" last="Sideri">Mario Sideri</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Preventive Gynecology Unit, Gynecology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palefsky, Joel" sort="Palefsky, Joel" uniqKey="Palefsky J" first="Joel" last="Palefsky">Joel Palefsky</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lacey, Charles" sort="Lacey, Charles" uniqKey="Lacey C" first="Charles" last="Lacey">Charles Lacey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gillison, Maura" sort="Gillison, Maura" uniqKey="Gillison M" first="Maura" last="Gillison">Maura Gillison</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Division of Viral Oncology, Johns Hopkins, Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bruni, Laia" sort="Bruni, Laia" uniqKey="Bruni L" first="Laia" last="Bruni">Laia Bruni</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Unit of Infections and Cancer & Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salut Púbñica, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ronco, Guglielmo" sort="Ronco, Guglielmo" uniqKey="Ronco G" first="Guglielmo" last="Ronco">Guglielmo Ronco</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro per la prevenzione Oncologica, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wentzensen, Nicolas" sort="Wentzensen, Nicolas" uniqKey="Wentzensen N" first="Nicolas" last="Wentzensen">Nicolas Wentzensen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brotherton, Julia" sort="Brotherton, Julia" uniqKey="Brotherton J" first="Julia" last="Brotherton">Julia Brotherton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Victorian Cytology Service Registries, Victorian Cytology Service, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qiao, You Lin" sort="Qiao, You Lin" uniqKey="Qiao Y" first="You-Lin" last="Qiao">You-Lin Qiao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Denny, Lynnette" sort="Denny, Lynnette" uniqKey="Denny L" first="Lynnette" last="Denny">Lynnette Denny</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bornstein, Jacob" sort="Bornstein, Jacob" uniqKey="Bornstein J" first="Jacob" last="Bornstein">Jacob Bornstein</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya and Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Medicine, Israel</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abramowitz, Laurent" sort="Abramowitz, Laurent" uniqKey="Abramowitz L" first="Laurent" last="Abramowitz">Laurent Abramowitz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Gastroenterology and Proctology, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giuliano, Anna" sort="Giuliano, Anna" uniqKey="Giuliano A" first="Anna" last="Giuliano">Anna Giuliano</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Centre, Tampa, Florida, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tommasino, Massimo" sort="Tommasino, Massimo" uniqKey="Tommasino M" first="Massimo" last="Tommasino">Massimo Tommasino</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monsonego, Joseph" sort="Monsonego, Joseph" uniqKey="Monsonego J" first="Joseph" last="Monsonego">Joseph Monsonego</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute of the Cervix, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">22623137</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3429628</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429628</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3429628</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1002/ijc.27650</idno>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001C50</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001C50</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">EUROGIN 2011 roadmap on prevention and treatment of HPV-related disease</title>
<author><name sortKey="Arbyn, Marc" sort="Arbyn, Marc" uniqKey="Arbyn M" first="Marc" last="Arbyn">Marc Arbyn</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health Brussels, Belgium</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Sanjose, Silvia" sort="De Sanjose, Silvia" uniqKey="De Sanjose S" first="Silvia" last="De Sanjosé">Silvia De Sanjosé</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Unit of Infections and Cancer & Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salut Púbñica, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Saraiya, Mona" sort="Saraiya, Mona" uniqKey="Saraiya M" first="Mona" last="Saraiya">Mona Saraiya</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sideri, Mario" sort="Sideri, Mario" uniqKey="Sideri M" first="Mario" last="Sideri">Mario Sideri</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Preventive Gynecology Unit, Gynecology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palefsky, Joel" sort="Palefsky, Joel" uniqKey="Palefsky J" first="Joel" last="Palefsky">Joel Palefsky</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lacey, Charles" sort="Lacey, Charles" uniqKey="Lacey C" first="Charles" last="Lacey">Charles Lacey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, UK</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gillison, Maura" sort="Gillison, Maura" uniqKey="Gillison M" first="Maura" last="Gillison">Maura Gillison</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Division of Viral Oncology, Johns Hopkins, Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bruni, Laia" sort="Bruni, Laia" uniqKey="Bruni L" first="Laia" last="Bruni">Laia Bruni</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Unit of Infections and Cancer & Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salut Púbñica, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ronco, Guglielmo" sort="Ronco, Guglielmo" uniqKey="Ronco G" first="Guglielmo" last="Ronco">Guglielmo Ronco</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro per la prevenzione Oncologica, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wentzensen, Nicolas" sort="Wentzensen, Nicolas" uniqKey="Wentzensen N" first="Nicolas" last="Wentzensen">Nicolas Wentzensen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brotherton, Julia" sort="Brotherton, Julia" uniqKey="Brotherton J" first="Julia" last="Brotherton">Julia Brotherton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Victorian Cytology Service Registries, Victorian Cytology Service, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qiao, You Lin" sort="Qiao, You Lin" uniqKey="Qiao Y" first="You-Lin" last="Qiao">You-Lin Qiao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Denny, Lynnette" sort="Denny, Lynnette" uniqKey="Denny L" first="Lynnette" last="Denny">Lynnette Denny</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bornstein, Jacob" sort="Bornstein, Jacob" uniqKey="Bornstein J" first="Jacob" last="Bornstein">Jacob Bornstein</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya and Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Medicine, Israel</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Abramowitz, Laurent" sort="Abramowitz, Laurent" uniqKey="Abramowitz L" first="Laurent" last="Abramowitz">Laurent Abramowitz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Department of Gastroenterology and Proctology, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Giuliano, Anna" sort="Giuliano, Anna" uniqKey="Giuliano A" first="Anna" last="Giuliano">Anna Giuliano</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Centre, Tampa, Florida, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tommasino, Massimo" sort="Tommasino, Massimo" uniqKey="Tommasino M" first="Massimo" last="Tommasino">Massimo Tommasino</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monsonego, Joseph" sort="Monsonego, Joseph" uniqKey="Monsonego J" first="Joseph" last="Monsonego">Joseph Monsonego</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute of the Cervix, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0020-7136</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1097-0215</idno>
<imprint><date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">The EUROGIN 2011 roadmap reviews the current burden of HPV (human papillomavirus)-related morbidity, as well as the evidence and potential practice recommendations regarding primary and secondary prevention and treatment of cancers and other disease associated with HPV infection.</p>
<p id="P2">HPV infection causes approximately 600,000 cases of cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus and oropharynx annually, as well as benign diseases such as genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Whereas the incidence of cervical cancer has been decreasing over recent decades, the incidence of anal and oropharyngeal carcinoma, for which there are no effective screening programs, has been rising over the last couple of decades.</p>
<p id="P3">Randomised trials have demonstrated improved efficacy of HPV-based compared to cytology-based cervical cancer screening. Defining the best algorithms to triage HPV-positive women, age ranges and screening intervals are priorities for pooled analyses and further research, whereas feasibility questions can be addressed through screening programmes.</p>
<p id="P4">HPV vaccination will reduce the burden of cervical precancer and probably also of invasive cervical and other HPV-related disease in women. Recent trials demonstrated that prophylactic vaccination also protects against anogenital HPV infection, ano-genital intraepithelial lesions and warts associated with vaccine types, in males; and anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia in MSM. HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer could be treated less aggressively because of better survival compared to cancers of the oropharynx unrelated to HPV.</p>
<p id="P5">Key findings in the field of cervical cancer prevention should now be translated in cost-effective strategies, following an organised approach integrating primary and secondary prevention, according to scientific evidence but adapted to the local situation with particular attention to regions with the highest burden of disease.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0042124</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">4284</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Cancer</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0020-7136</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1097-0215</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22623137</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3429628</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/ijc.27650</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS380847</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>EUROGIN 2011 roadmap on prevention and treatment of HPV-related disease</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arbyn</surname>
<given-names>Marc</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="CR1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Sanjosé</surname>
<given-names>Silvia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Saraiya</surname>
<given-names>Mona</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sideri</surname>
<given-names>Mario</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Palefsky</surname>
<given-names>Joel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lacey</surname>
<given-names>Charles</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gillison</surname>
<given-names>Maura</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bruni</surname>
<given-names>Laia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ronco</surname>
<given-names>Guglielmo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wentzensen</surname>
<given-names>Nicolas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brotherton</surname>
<given-names>Julia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Qiao</surname>
<given-names>You-Lin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">11</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Denny</surname>
<given-names>Lynnette</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">12</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bornstein</surname>
<given-names>Jacob</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">13</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abramowitz</surname>
<given-names>Laurent</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">14</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Giuliano</surname>
<given-names>Anna</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">15</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tommasino</surname>
<given-names>Massimo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">16</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Monsonego</surname>
<given-names>Joseph</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">17</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health Brussels, Belgium</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Unit of Infections and Cancer & Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Spain and CIBER Epidemiologia y Salut Púbñica, Spain</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>3</label>
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, USA</aff>
<aff id="A4"><label>4</label>
Preventive Gynecology Unit, Gynecology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A5"><label>5</label>
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California USA</aff>
<aff id="A6"><label>6</label>
Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, York, UK</aff>
<aff id="A7"><label>7</label>
Division of Viral Oncology, Johns Hopkins, Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</aff>
<aff id="A8"><label>8</label>
Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro per la prevenzione Oncologica, Turin, Italy</aff>
<aff id="A9"><label>9</label>
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, USA</aff>
<aff id="A10"><label>10</label>
Victorian Cytology Service Registries, Victorian Cytology Service, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff>
<aff id="A11"><label>11</label>
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="A12"><label>12</label>
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa</aff>
<aff id="A13"><label>13</label>
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya and Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Medicine, Israel</aff>
<aff id="A14"><label>14</label>
Department of Gastroenterology and Proctology, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France</aff>
<aff id="A15"><label>15</label>
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Centre, Tampa, Florida, USA</aff>
<aff id="A16"><label>16</label>
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France</aff>
<aff id="A17"><label>17</label>
Institute of the Cervix, Paris, France</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="CR1"><label>*</label>
<bold>Corresponding author</bold>
: Marc Arbyn (MD, MSc, DrTMH), Coordinator of the Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, J. Wytsmanstreet 14, B1050 Brussels, Belgium; tel: +32 2 642 50 21; fax: +32 2 642 54 10; <email>marc.arbyn@wiv-isp.be</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>29</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>131</volume>
<issue>9</issue>
<fpage>1969</fpage>
<lpage>1982</lpage>
<abstract><p id="P1">The EUROGIN 2011 roadmap reviews the current burden of HPV (human papillomavirus)-related morbidity, as well as the evidence and potential practice recommendations regarding primary and secondary prevention and treatment of cancers and other disease associated with HPV infection.</p>
<p id="P2">HPV infection causes approximately 600,000 cases of cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus and oropharynx annually, as well as benign diseases such as genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Whereas the incidence of cervical cancer has been decreasing over recent decades, the incidence of anal and oropharyngeal carcinoma, for which there are no effective screening programs, has been rising over the last couple of decades.</p>
<p id="P3">Randomised trials have demonstrated improved efficacy of HPV-based compared to cytology-based cervical cancer screening. Defining the best algorithms to triage HPV-positive women, age ranges and screening intervals are priorities for pooled analyses and further research, whereas feasibility questions can be addressed through screening programmes.</p>
<p id="P4">HPV vaccination will reduce the burden of cervical precancer and probably also of invasive cervical and other HPV-related disease in women. Recent trials demonstrated that prophylactic vaccination also protects against anogenital HPV infection, ano-genital intraepithelial lesions and warts associated with vaccine types, in males; and anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia in MSM. HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer could be treated less aggressively because of better survival compared to cancers of the oropharynx unrelated to HPV.</p>
<p id="P5">Key findings in the field of cervical cancer prevention should now be translated in cost-effective strategies, following an organised approach integrating primary and secondary prevention, according to scientific evidence but adapted to the local situation with particular attention to regions with the highest burden of disease.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd>
<kwd>vulvar cancer</kwd>
<kwd>anal cancer</kwd>
<kwd>penile cancer</kwd>
<kwd>head & neck cancer</kwd>
<kwd>genital warts</kwd>
<kwd>incidence</kwd>
<kwd>mortality</kwd>
<kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd>
<kwd>HPV</kwd>
<kwd>screening</kwd>
<kwd>vaccination</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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