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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar</title><author><name sortKey="Evans, Damian H" sort="Evans, Damian H" uniqKey="Evans D" first="Damian H." last="Evans">Damian H. Evans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney 2006,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fletcher, Roland J" sort="Fletcher, Roland J" uniqKey="Fletcher R" first="Roland J." last="Fletcher">Roland J. Fletcher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney 2006,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pottier, Christophe" sort="Pottier, Christophe" uniqKey="Pottier C" first="Christophe" last="Pottier">Christophe Pottier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>École Française d'Extrême-Orient</institution>, Paris 75116,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chevance, Jean Baptiste" sort="Chevance, Jean Baptiste" uniqKey="Chevance J" first="Jean-Baptiste" last="Chevance">Jean-Baptiste Chevance</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Archaeology and Development Foundation</institution>, London W1K 4DZ,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soutif, Dominique" sort="Soutif, Dominique" uniqKey="Soutif D" first="Dominique" last="Soutif">Dominique Soutif</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>École Française d'Extrême-Orient</institution>, Paris 75116,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Boun Suy" sort="Tan, Boun Suy" uniqKey="Tan B" first="Boun Suy" last="Tan">Boun Suy Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Im, Sokrithy" sort="Im, Sokrithy" uniqKey="Im S" first="Sokrithy" last="Im">Sokrithy Im</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ea, Darith" sort="Ea, Darith" uniqKey="Ea D" first="Darith" last="Ea">Darith Ea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Tina" sort="Tin, Tina" uniqKey="Tin T" first="Tina" last="Tin">Tina Tin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Samnang" sort="Kim, Samnang" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Samnang" last="Kim">Samnang Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cromarty, Christopher" sort="Cromarty, Christopher" uniqKey="Cromarty C" first="Christopher" last="Cromarty">Christopher Cromarty</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>McElhanney Indonesia</institution>, Jakarta 12510,<country>Indonesia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Greef, Stephane" sort="De Greef, Stephane" uniqKey="De Greef S" first="Stéphane" last="De Greef">Stéphane De Greef</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Archaeology and Development Foundation</institution>, London W1K 4DZ,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hanus, Kasper" sort="Hanus, Kasper" uniqKey="Hanus K" first="Kasper" last="Hanus">Kasper Hanus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Institute of Archaeology,<institution>Jagiellonian University</institution>, Kraków 31-007,<country>Poland</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baty, Pierre" sort="Baty, Pierre" uniqKey="Baty P" first="Pierre" last="Bâty">Pierre Bâty</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives</institution>, Paris 75008,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuszinger, Robert" sort="Kuszinger, Robert" uniqKey="Kuszinger R" first="Robert" last="Kuszinger">Robert Kuszinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Hungarian Indochina Company</institution>, H-1062 Budapest,<country>Hungary</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shimoda, Ichita" sort="Shimoda, Ichita" uniqKey="Shimoda I" first="Ichita" last="Shimoda">Ichita Shimoda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff9"><institution>Japan-APSARA Safeguarding Angkor</institution>, Siem Reap 17253,<country>Cambodia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boornazian, Glenn" sort="Boornazian, Glenn" uniqKey="Boornazian G" first="Glenn" last="Boornazian">Glenn Boornazian</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>World Monuments Fund</institution>, New York,<addr-line>NY</addr-line> 10118</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23847206</idno><idno type="pmc">3732978</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732978</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3732978</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1306539110</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001B85</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001B85</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar</title><author><name sortKey="Evans, Damian H" sort="Evans, Damian H" uniqKey="Evans D" first="Damian H." last="Evans">Damian H. Evans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney 2006,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fletcher, Roland J" sort="Fletcher, Roland J" uniqKey="Fletcher R" first="Roland J." last="Fletcher">Roland J. Fletcher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney 2006,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pottier, Christophe" sort="Pottier, Christophe" uniqKey="Pottier C" first="Christophe" last="Pottier">Christophe Pottier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>École Française d'Extrême-Orient</institution>, Paris 75116,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chevance, Jean Baptiste" sort="Chevance, Jean Baptiste" uniqKey="Chevance J" first="Jean-Baptiste" last="Chevance">Jean-Baptiste Chevance</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Archaeology and Development Foundation</institution>, London W1K 4DZ,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soutif, Dominique" sort="Soutif, Dominique" uniqKey="Soutif D" first="Dominique" last="Soutif">Dominique Soutif</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>École Française d'Extrême-Orient</institution>, Paris 75116,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Boun Suy" sort="Tan, Boun Suy" uniqKey="Tan B" first="Boun Suy" last="Tan">Boun Suy Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Im, Sokrithy" sort="Im, Sokrithy" uniqKey="Im S" first="Sokrithy" last="Im">Sokrithy Im</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ea, Darith" sort="Ea, Darith" uniqKey="Ea D" first="Darith" last="Ea">Darith Ea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Tina" sort="Tin, Tina" uniqKey="Tin T" first="Tina" last="Tin">Tina Tin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Samnang" sort="Kim, Samnang" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Samnang" last="Kim">Samnang Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cromarty, Christopher" sort="Cromarty, Christopher" uniqKey="Cromarty C" first="Christopher" last="Cromarty">Christopher Cromarty</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>McElhanney Indonesia</institution>, Jakarta 12510,<country>Indonesia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Greef, Stephane" sort="De Greef, Stephane" uniqKey="De Greef S" first="Stéphane" last="De Greef">Stéphane De Greef</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Archaeology and Development Foundation</institution>, London W1K 4DZ,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hanus, Kasper" sort="Hanus, Kasper" uniqKey="Hanus K" first="Kasper" last="Hanus">Kasper Hanus</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Institute of Archaeology,<institution>Jagiellonian University</institution>, Kraków 31-007,<country>Poland</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baty, Pierre" sort="Baty, Pierre" uniqKey="Baty P" first="Pierre" last="Bâty">Pierre Bâty</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives</institution>, Paris 75008,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuszinger, Robert" sort="Kuszinger, Robert" uniqKey="Kuszinger R" first="Robert" last="Kuszinger">Robert Kuszinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Hungarian Indochina Company</institution>, H-1062 Budapest,<country>Hungary</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shimoda, Ichita" sort="Shimoda, Ichita" uniqKey="Shimoda I" first="Ichita" last="Shimoda">Ichita Shimoda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff9"><institution>Japan-APSARA Safeguarding Angkor</institution>, Siem Reap 17253,<country>Cambodia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boornazian, Glenn" sort="Boornazian, Glenn" uniqKey="Boornazian G" first="Glenn" last="Boornazian">Glenn Boornazian</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>World Monuments Fund</institution>, New York,<addr-line>NY</addr-line> 10118</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructural complexity, unsustainable modes of subsistence, and climate variation were crucial factors in the decline of the classical Khmer civilization.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23847206</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3732978</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201306539</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1306539110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anthropology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Laser scanning reveals urban landscapes at Angkor</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Evans</surname><given-names>Damian H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fletcher</surname><given-names>Roland J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pottier</surname><given-names>Christophe</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chevance</surname><given-names>Jean-Baptiste</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Soutif</surname><given-names>Dominique</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tan</surname><given-names>Boun Suy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Im</surname><given-names>Sokrithy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ea</surname><given-names>Darith</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tin</surname><given-names>Tina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Samnang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cromarty</surname><given-names>Christopher</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>De Greef</surname><given-names>Stéphane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hanus</surname><given-names>Kasper</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bâty</surname><given-names>Pierre</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kuszinger</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shimoda</surname><given-names>Ichita</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boornazian</surname><given-names>Glenn</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>j</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup><institution>University of Sydney</institution>, Sydney 2006,<country>Australia</country>;</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup><institution>École Française d'Extrême-Orient</institution>, Paris 75116,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup><institution>Archaeology and Development Foundation</institution>, London W1K 4DZ,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup>Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (<institution>APSARA</institution>), Siem Reap 17251,<country>Cambodia</country>;</aff><aff id="aff5"><sup>e</sup><institution>McElhanney Indonesia</institution>, Jakarta 12510,<country>Indonesia</country>;</aff><aff id="aff6"><sup>f</sup>Institute of Archaeology,<institution>Jagiellonian University</institution>, Kraków 31-007,<country>Poland</country>;</aff><aff id="aff7"><sup>g</sup><institution>Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives</institution>, Paris 75008,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff8"><sup>h</sup><institution>Hungarian Indochina Company</institution>, H-1062 Budapest,<country>Hungary</country>;</aff><aff id="aff9"><sup>i</sup><institution>Japan-APSARA Safeguarding Angkor</institution>, Siem Reap 17253,<country>Cambodia</country>; and</aff><aff id="aff10"><sup>j</sup><institution>World Monuments Fund</institution>, New York,<addr-line>NY</addr-line> 10118</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>damian.evans@sydney.edu.au</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Arlen F. Chase, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, and accepted by the Editorial Board June 13, 2013 (received for review April 9, 2013)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: D.H.E., R.J.F., C.P., J.-B.C., D.S., B.S.T., S.I., D.E., S.K., C.C., P.B., R.K., I.S., and G.B. designed research; D.H.E., J.-B.C., D.S., B.S.T., S.I., D.E., T.T., S.K., and C.C. performed research; D.H.E., R.J.F., C.P., J.-B.C., B.S.T., S.I., D.E., S.D.G., and K.H. analyzed data; and D.H.E. and C.C. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>30</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>11</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>110</volume><issue>31</issue><fpage>12595</fpage><lpage>12600</lpage><permissions><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.201306539.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructural complexity, unsustainable modes of subsistence, and climate variation were crucial factors in the decline of the classical Khmer civilization.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Southeast Asia</kwd><kwd>urbanism</kwd><kwd>sustainability</kwd><kwd>resilience</kwd><kwd>water management</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="6"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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