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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Evidence for Hydraulic Vulnerability Segmentation and Lack of Xylem Refilling under Tension<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"><sup>[OPEN]</sup></xref></title><author><name sortKey="Charrier, Guillaume" sort="Charrier, Guillaume" uniqKey="Charrier G" first="Guillaume" last="Charrier">Guillaume Charrier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Torres Ruiz, Jose M" sort="Torres Ruiz, Jose M" uniqKey="Torres Ruiz J" first="José M." last="Torres-Ruiz">José M. Torres-Ruiz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badel, Eric" sort="Badel, Eric" uniqKey="Badel E" first="Eric" last="Badel">Eric Badel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burlett, Regis" sort="Burlett, Regis" uniqKey="Burlett R" first="Regis" last="Burlett">Regis Burlett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choat, Brendan" sort="Choat, Brendan" uniqKey="Choat B" first="Brendan" last="Choat">Brendan Choat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cochard, Herve" sort="Cochard, Herve" uniqKey="Cochard H" first="Herve" last="Cochard">Herve Cochard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delmas, Chloe E L" sort="Delmas, Chloe E L" uniqKey="Delmas C" first="Chloe E. L." last="Delmas">Chloe E. L. Delmas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Domec, Jean Christophe" sort="Domec, Jean Christophe" uniqKey="Domec J" first="Jean-Christophe" last="Domec">Jean-Christophe Domec</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jansen, Steven" sort="Jansen, Steven" uniqKey="Jansen S" first="Steven" last="Jansen">Steven Jansen</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, Andrew" sort="King, Andrew" uniqKey="King A" first="Andrew" last="King">Andrew King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lenoir, Nicolas" sort="Lenoir, Nicolas" uniqKey="Lenoir N" first="Nicolas" last="Lenoir">Nicolas Lenoir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin Stpaul, Nicolas" sort="Martin Stpaul, Nicolas" uniqKey="Martin Stpaul N" first="Nicolas" last="Martin-Stpaul">Nicolas Martin-Stpaul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gambetta, Gregory Alan" sort="Gambetta, Gregory Alan" uniqKey="Gambetta G" first="Gregory Alan" last="Gambetta">Gregory Alan Gambetta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delzon, Sylvain" sort="Delzon, Sylvain" uniqKey="Delzon S" first="Sylvain" last="Delzon">Sylvain Delzon</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27613852</idno><idno type="pmc">5100766</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5100766</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5100766</idno><idno type="doi">10.1104/pp.16.01079</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001A80</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001A80</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Evidence for Hydraulic Vulnerability Segmentation and Lack of Xylem Refilling under Tension<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"><sup>[OPEN]</sup></xref></title><author><name sortKey="Charrier, Guillaume" sort="Charrier, Guillaume" uniqKey="Charrier G" first="Guillaume" last="Charrier">Guillaume Charrier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Torres Ruiz, Jose M" sort="Torres Ruiz, Jose M" uniqKey="Torres Ruiz J" first="José M." last="Torres-Ruiz">José M. Torres-Ruiz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badel, Eric" sort="Badel, Eric" uniqKey="Badel E" first="Eric" last="Badel">Eric Badel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burlett, Regis" sort="Burlett, Regis" uniqKey="Burlett R" first="Regis" last="Burlett">Regis Burlett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choat, Brendan" sort="Choat, Brendan" uniqKey="Choat B" first="Brendan" last="Choat">Brendan Choat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cochard, Herve" sort="Cochard, Herve" uniqKey="Cochard H" first="Herve" last="Cochard">Herve Cochard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delmas, Chloe E L" sort="Delmas, Chloe E L" uniqKey="Delmas C" first="Chloe E. L." last="Delmas">Chloe E. L. Delmas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Domec, Jean Christophe" sort="Domec, Jean Christophe" uniqKey="Domec J" first="Jean-Christophe" last="Domec">Jean-Christophe Domec</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jansen, Steven" sort="Jansen, Steven" uniqKey="Jansen S" first="Steven" last="Jansen">Steven Jansen</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, Andrew" sort="King, Andrew" uniqKey="King A" first="Andrew" last="King">Andrew King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lenoir, Nicolas" sort="Lenoir, Nicolas" uniqKey="Lenoir N" first="Nicolas" last="Lenoir">Nicolas Lenoir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin Stpaul, Nicolas" sort="Martin Stpaul, Nicolas" uniqKey="Martin Stpaul N" first="Nicolas" last="Martin-Stpaul">Nicolas Martin-Stpaul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gambetta, Gregory Alan" sort="Gambetta, Gregory Alan" uniqKey="Gambetta G" first="Gregory Alan" last="Gambetta">Gregory Alan Gambetta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delzon, Sylvain" sort="Delzon, Sylvain" uniqKey="Delzon S" first="Sylvain" last="Delzon">Sylvain Delzon</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Plant Physiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0032-0889</idno><idno type="eISSN">1532-2548</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Direct, noninvasive observations of embolism formation and repair reveal a lack of refilling under negative pressure and a xylem hydraulic vulnerability segmentation in grapevine.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Plant Physiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Plant Physiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">plantphysiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aspb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Plant Physiology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0032-0889</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1532-2548</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society of Plant Biologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27613852</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5100766</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PP201601079DR1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1104/pp.16.01079</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Ecophysiology and Sustainability</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Evidence for Hydraulic Vulnerability Segmentation and Lack of Xylem Refilling under Tension<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"><sup>[OPEN]</sup></xref></article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Charrier</surname><given-names>Guillaume</given-names></name><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="afn1"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-7056</contrib-id><name><surname>Torres-Ruiz</surname><given-names>José M.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-7554</contrib-id><name><surname>Badel</surname><given-names>Eric</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8289-5757</contrib-id><name><surname>Burlett</surname><given-names>Regis</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Choat</surname><given-names>Brendan</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-7072</contrib-id><name><surname>Cochard</surname><given-names>Herve</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Delmas</surname><given-names>Chloe E. L.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Domec</surname><given-names>Jean-Christophe</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-5334</contrib-id><name><surname>Jansen</surname><given-names>Steven</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>King</surname><given-names>Andrew</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lenoir</surname><given-names>Nicolas</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7574-0108</contrib-id><name><surname>Martin-StPaul</surname><given-names>Nicolas</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8838-5050</contrib-id><name><surname>Gambetta</surname><given-names>Gregory Alan</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3442-1711</contrib-id><name><surname>Delzon</surname><given-names>Sylvain</given-names></name></contrib><aff id="aff1">Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1287, F–33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France (G.C., G.A.G.); BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, 33610 Cestas, France (G.C., J.M.T.-R., R.B., S.D.); PIAF, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UCA, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France (E.B., H.C.); Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales 2753, Australia (B.C.); Unité Mixte de Recherche SAVE, INRA, BSA, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France (C.E.L.D.); Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1391 ISPA, F–33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France (J.-C.D.); Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (J.-C.D.); Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm D–89081, Germany (S.J.); Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme de Merisiers, Saint Aubin-BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France (A.K.); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Univ. Bordeaux, UMS 3626 Placamat F–33608 Pessac, France (N.L.); and INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, 84914 Avignon, France (N.M.-S.)</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><fn><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.16.01079">www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.16.01079</ext-link></p></fn><fn id="afn1" fn-type="present-address"><label>2</label><p>Present address: Unité Mixte de Recherche 1202, Biodiversité Gènes en Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Université Bordeaux, Bâtiment B2, Allée G. St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac cedex, France.</p></fn><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Address correspondence to <email>guillaume.charrier@bordeaux.inra.fr</email>.</corresp><fn id="afn2"><p>The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.plantphysiol.org">www.plantphysiol.org</ext-link>) is: Guillaume Charrier (<email>guillaume.charrier@bordeaux.inra.fr</email>).</p></fn><fn id="afn3"><p>G.A.G., G.C., S.D., and C.E.L.D. conceived the original screening and research plans; G.C., E.B., A.K., N.L., R.B., J.M.T.-R., H.C., N.M.-S., S.J., B.C., and S.D. performed the HRCT scans; G.C. and J.M.T.-R. performed leaf hydraulics experiments; G.C. and J.-C.D. performed gas-exchange experiments; C.E.L.D. provided plant materials; G.C., G.A.G., and S.D. analyzed the data and wrote the article with contributions of all the authors.</p></fn></author-notes><pmc-comment>Fake ppub date generated by PMC from publisher
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<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>09</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>172</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>1657</fpage><lpage>1668</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>01</day><month>8</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>08</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><license><license-p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.aspb.org/publications/aspb-journals/open-articles">http://www.aspb.org/publications/aspb-journals/open-articles</ext-link>.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:role="icon" xlink:href="PP_PP201601079DR1_ic1.gif"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="precis"><p>Direct, noninvasive observations of embolism formation and repair reveal a lack of refilling under negative pressure and a xylem hydraulic vulnerability segmentation in grapevine.</p></abstract><abstract><p>The vascular system of grapevine (<italic>Vitis</italic> spp.) has been reported as being highly vulnerable, even though grapevine regularly experiences seasonal drought. Consequently, stomata would remain open below water potentials that would generate a high loss of stem hydraulic conductivity via xylem embolism. This situation would necessitate daily cycles of embolism repair to restore hydraulic function. However, a more parsimonious explanation is that some hydraulic techniques are prone to artifacts in species with long vessels, leading to the overestimation of vulnerability. The aim of this study was to provide an unbiased assessment of (1) the vulnerability to drought-induced embolism in perennial and annual organs and (2) the ability to refill embolized vessels in two <italic>Vitis</italic> species X-ray micro-computed tomography observations of intact plants indicated that both <italic>Vitis</italic><italic>vinifera</italic> and <italic>Vitis</italic><italic>riparia</italic> were relatively vulnerable, with the pressure inducing 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductivity = −1.7 and −1.3 MPa, respectively. In <italic>V. vinifera</italic>, both the stem and petiole had similar sigmoidal vulnerability curves but differed in pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (−1.7 and −1 MPa for stem and petiole, respectively). Refilling was not observed as long as bulk xylem pressure remained negative (e.g. at the apical part of the plants; −0.11 ± 0.02 MPa) and change in percentage loss of conductivity was 0.02% ± 0.01%. However, positive xylem pressure was observed at the basal part of the plant (0.04 ± 0.01 MPa), leading to a recovery of conductance (change in percentage loss of conductivity = −0.24% ± 0.12%). Our findings provide evidence that grapevine is unable to repair embolized xylem vessels under negative pressure, but its hydraulic vulnerability segmentation provides significant protection of the perennial stem.</p></abstract><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="1"></table-count><equation-count count="6"></equation-count><ref-count count="88"></ref-count><page-count count="12"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name> DJS Export </meta-name><meta-value>v1</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><glossary><title>Glossary</title><def-list><def-item><term id="term1">HRCT</term><def id="def1"><p>high-resolution computed tomography</p></def></def-item><def-item><term id="term2">PLC</term><def id="def2"><p>percentage loss of conductivity</p></def></def-item><def-item><term id="term3">MRI</term><def id="def3"><p>magnetic resonance imaging</p></def></def-item></def-list></glossary></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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