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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Methicillin-Susceptible <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> Endocarditis Isolates Are Associated With Clonal Complex 30 Genotype and a Distinct Repertoire of Enterotoxins and Adhesins</title><author><name sortKey="Nienaber, Juhsien J C" sort="Nienaber, Juhsien J C" uniqKey="Nienaber J" first="Juhsien J. C." last="Nienaber">Juhsien J. C. Nienaber</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma Kuinkel, Batu K" sort="Sharma Kuinkel, Batu K" uniqKey="Sharma Kuinkel B" first="Batu K." last="Sharma Kuinkel">Batu K. Sharma Kuinkel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke Pearson, Michael" sort="Clarke Pearson, Michael" uniqKey="Clarke Pearson M" first="Michael" last="Clarke-Pearson">Michael Clarke-Pearson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamlertthon, Supaporn" sort="Lamlertthon, Supaporn" uniqKey="Lamlertthon S" first="Supaporn" last="Lamlertthon">Supaporn Lamlertthon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Lawrence" sort="Park, Lawrence" uniqKey="Park L" first="Lawrence" last="Park">Lawrence Park</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rude, Thomas H" sort="Rude, Thomas H" uniqKey="Rude T" first="Thomas H." last="Rude">Thomas H. Rude</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barriere, Steve" sort="Barriere, Steve" uniqKey="Barriere S" first="Steve" last="Barriere">Steve Barriere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Theravance, Inc, South San Francisco, California</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, Christopher W" sort="Woods, Christopher W" uniqKey="Woods C" first="Christopher W." last="Woods">Christopher W. Woods</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Vivian H" sort="Chu, Vivian H" uniqKey="Chu V" first="Vivian H." last="Chu">Vivian H. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marin, Mercedes" sort="Marin, Mercedes" uniqKey="Marin M" first="Mercedes" last="Marín">Mercedes Marín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bukovski, Suzana" sort="Bukovski, Suzana" uniqKey="Bukovski S" first="Suzana" last="Bukovski">Suzana Bukovski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, Patricia" sort="Garcia, Patricia" uniqKey="Garcia P" first="Patricia" last="Garcia">Patricia Garcia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Hospital Clínico-Escuelade Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corey, G Ralph" sort="Corey, G Ralph" uniqKey="Corey G" first="G. Ralph" last="Corey">G. Ralph Corey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korman, Tony" sort="Korman, Tony" uniqKey="Korman T" first="Tony" last="Korman">Tony Korman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doco Lecompte, Thanh" sort="Doco Lecompte, Thanh" uniqKey="Doco Lecompte T" first="Thanh" last="Doco-Lecompte">Thanh Doco-Lecompte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy-Brabois, Nancy, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdoch, David R" sort="Murdoch, David R" uniqKey="Murdoch D" first="David R." last="Murdoch">David R. Murdoch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reller, L Barth" sort="Reller, L Barth" uniqKey="Reller L" first="L. Barth" last="Reller">L. Barth Reller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Vance G" sort="Fowler, Vance G" uniqKey="Fowler V" first="Vance G." last="Fowler">Vance G. Fowler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21844296</idno><idno type="pmc">3156104</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3156104</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3156104</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/infdis/jir389</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001968</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001968</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Methicillin-Susceptible <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> Endocarditis Isolates Are Associated With Clonal Complex 30 Genotype and a Distinct Repertoire of Enterotoxins and Adhesins</title><author><name sortKey="Nienaber, Juhsien J C" sort="Nienaber, Juhsien J C" uniqKey="Nienaber J" first="Juhsien J. C." last="Nienaber">Juhsien J. C. Nienaber</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma Kuinkel, Batu K" sort="Sharma Kuinkel, Batu K" uniqKey="Sharma Kuinkel B" first="Batu K." last="Sharma Kuinkel">Batu K. Sharma Kuinkel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke Pearson, Michael" sort="Clarke Pearson, Michael" uniqKey="Clarke Pearson M" first="Michael" last="Clarke-Pearson">Michael Clarke-Pearson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamlertthon, Supaporn" sort="Lamlertthon, Supaporn" uniqKey="Lamlertthon S" first="Supaporn" last="Lamlertthon">Supaporn Lamlertthon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Lawrence" sort="Park, Lawrence" uniqKey="Park L" first="Lawrence" last="Park">Lawrence Park</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rude, Thomas H" sort="Rude, Thomas H" uniqKey="Rude T" first="Thomas H." last="Rude">Thomas H. Rude</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barriere, Steve" sort="Barriere, Steve" uniqKey="Barriere S" first="Steve" last="Barriere">Steve Barriere</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Theravance, Inc, South San Francisco, California</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, Christopher W" sort="Woods, Christopher W" uniqKey="Woods C" first="Christopher W." last="Woods">Christopher W. Woods</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Vivian H" sort="Chu, Vivian H" uniqKey="Chu V" first="Vivian H." last="Chu">Vivian H. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marin, Mercedes" sort="Marin, Mercedes" uniqKey="Marin M" first="Mercedes" last="Marín">Mercedes Marín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bukovski, Suzana" sort="Bukovski, Suzana" uniqKey="Bukovski S" first="Suzana" last="Bukovski">Suzana Bukovski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, Patricia" sort="Garcia, Patricia" uniqKey="Garcia P" first="Patricia" last="Garcia">Patricia Garcia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Hospital Clínico-Escuelade Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corey, G Ralph" sort="Corey, G Ralph" uniqKey="Corey G" first="G. Ralph" last="Corey">G. Ralph Corey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korman, Tony" sort="Korman, Tony" uniqKey="Korman T" first="Tony" last="Korman">Tony Korman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doco Lecompte, Thanh" sort="Doco Lecompte, Thanh" uniqKey="Doco Lecompte T" first="Thanh" last="Doco-Lecompte">Thanh Doco-Lecompte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy-Brabois, Nancy, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdoch, David R" sort="Murdoch, David R" uniqKey="Murdoch D" first="David R." last="Murdoch">David R. Murdoch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reller, L Barth" sort="Reller, L Barth" uniqKey="Reller L" first="L. Barth" last="Reller">L. Barth Reller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Vance G" sort="Fowler, Vance G" uniqKey="Fowler V" first="Vance G." last="Fowler">Vance G. Fowler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-1899</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-6613</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background.</italic></bold> Using multinational collections of methicillin-susceptible <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> (MSSA) isolates from infective endocarditis (IE) and soft tissue infections (STIs), we sought to (1) validate the finding that <italic>S. aureus</italic> in clonal complex (CC) 30 is associated with hematogenous complications and (2) test the hypothesis that specific genetic characteristics in <italic>S. aureus</italic> are associated with infection severity.</p><p><bold><italic>Methods.</italic></bold> IE and STI isolates from 2 cohorts were frequency matched by geographic origin. Isolates underwent <italic>spa</italic> typing to infer CC and multiplex polymerase chain reaction for presence of virulence genes.</p><p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> 114 isolate pairs were genotyped. IE isolates were more likely to be CC30 (19.5% vs 6.2%; <italic>P</italic> = .005) and to contain 3 adhesins (<italic>clfB, cna, map/eap</italic>;<italic> P</italic> < .0001 for all) and 5 enterotoxins (<italic>tst, sea, sed, see, and sei</italic>;<italic> P</italic> ≤ .005 for all). CC30 isolates were more likely to contain <italic>cna, tst, sea, see, seg, and chp</italic> (<italic>P</italic> < .05 for all).</p><p><bold><italic>Conclusions.</italic></bold> MSSA IE isolates were significantly more likely to be CC30 and to possess a distinct repertoire of virulence genes than MSSA STI isolates from the same region. The genetic basis of this association requires further study.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jinfdis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jinfdis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-1899</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-6613</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21844296</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3156104</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/infdis/jir389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Major Articles and Brief Reports</subject><subj-group><subject>Bacteria</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Methicillin-Susceptible <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> Endocarditis Isolates Are Associated With Clonal Complex 30 Genotype and a Distinct Repertoire of Enterotoxins and Adhesins</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nienaber</surname><given-names>Juhsien J.C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sharma Kuinkel</surname><given-names>Batu K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clarke-Pearson</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lamlertthon</surname><given-names>Supaporn</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Lawrence</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rude</surname><given-names>Thomas H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barriere</surname><given-names>Steve</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Woods</surname><given-names>Christopher W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chu</surname><given-names>Vivian H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marín</surname><given-names>Mercedes</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bukovski</surname><given-names>Suzana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Garcia</surname><given-names>Patricia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Corey</surname><given-names>G.Ralph</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Korman</surname><given-names>Tony</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Doco-Lecompte</surname><given-names>Thanh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murdoch</surname><given-names>David R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reller</surname><given-names>L. Barth</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Fowler</surname><given-names>Vance G.</given-names><suffix>Jr</suffix></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>for the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Microbiology Investigators</collab><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Duke University Medical Center Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>Theravance, Inc, South San Francisco, California</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label>Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label>Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label>University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia</aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label>Hospital Clínico-Escuelade Medicina, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago</aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label>Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff9"><label>9</label>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy-Brabois, Nancy, France</aff><aff id="aff10"><label>10</label>University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand</aff><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence: Vance G. Fowler Jr, MD, MHS, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Box 102359 Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 (<email>fowle003@mc.duke.edu</email>).</corresp><fn id="fn1"><label>a</label><p>Study group members are listed in the Acknowledgments section.</p></fn><fn><p>Potential conflicts of interest: V. G. F. has served as a consultant for Astellas, Cubist, Inhibitex, Merck, Johnson & Johnson, Leo Pharmaceuticals, NovaDigm, The Medicines Company, Baxter Pharmaceuticals, and Biosynexus; has received grant or research support from Astellas, Cubist, Merck, Theravance, Cerexa, Pfizer, Novartis, and Advanced Liquid Logic; has received honoraria from Arpida, Astellas, Cubist, Inhibitex, Merck, Pfizer, Targanta, Theravance, Wyeth, Ortho-McNeil, Novartis, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals; and has served as a member of the advisory committee and on the speakers’ bureau for Cubist. All other authors: no conflicts. Presented in part: American Society for Microbiology General Meeting, Poster Session, San Diego, California, May 2010.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>01</day><month>9</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 12 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>204</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>704</fpage><lpage>713</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day><month>1</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>23</day><month>3</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p><bold><italic>Background.</italic></bold> Using multinational collections of methicillin-susceptible <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> (MSSA) isolates from infective endocarditis (IE) and soft tissue infections (STIs), we sought to (1) validate the finding that <italic>S. aureus</italic> in clonal complex (CC) 30 is associated with hematogenous complications and (2) test the hypothesis that specific genetic characteristics in <italic>S. aureus</italic> are associated with infection severity.</p><p><bold><italic>Methods.</italic></bold> IE and STI isolates from 2 cohorts were frequency matched by geographic origin. Isolates underwent <italic>spa</italic> typing to infer CC and multiplex polymerase chain reaction for presence of virulence genes.</p><p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> 114 isolate pairs were genotyped. IE isolates were more likely to be CC30 (19.5% vs 6.2%; <italic>P</italic> = .005) and to contain 3 adhesins (<italic>clfB, cna, map/eap</italic>;<italic> P</italic> < .0001 for all) and 5 enterotoxins (<italic>tst, sea, sed, see, and sei</italic>;<italic> P</italic> ≤ .005 for all). CC30 isolates were more likely to contain <italic>cna, tst, sea, see, seg, and chp</italic> (<italic>P</italic> < .05 for all).</p><p><bold><italic>Conclusions.</italic></bold> MSSA IE isolates were significantly more likely to be CC30 and to possess a distinct repertoire of virulence genes than MSSA STI isolates from the same region. The genetic basis of this association requires further study.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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