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Wiring the Brain: The Biology of Neuronal Guidance

Identifieur interne : 001834 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001833; suivant : 001835

Wiring the Brain: The Biology of Neuronal Guidance

Auteurs : Alain Chédotal ; Linda J. Richards

Source :

RBID : PMC:2869517

Abstract

The mammalian brain is the most complex organ in the body. It controls all aspects of our bodily functions and interprets the world around us through our senses. It defines us as human beings through our memories and our ability to plan for the future. Crucial to all these functions is how the brain is wired in order to perform these tasks. The basic map of brain wiring occurs during embryonic and postnatal development through a series of precisely orchestrated developmental events regulated by specific molecular mechanisms. Below we review the most important features of mammalian brain wiring derived from work in both mammals and in nonmammalian species. These mechanisms are highly conserved throughout evolution, simply becoming more complex in the mammalian brain. This fascinating area of biology is uncovering the essence of what makes the mammalian brain able to perform the everyday tasks we take for granted, as well as those which give us the ability for extraordinary achievement.


Url:
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a001917
PubMed: 20463002
PubMed Central: 2869517

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PMC:2869517

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Richards, Linda J" sort="Richards, Linda J" uniqKey="Richards L" first="Linda J." last="Richards">Linda J. Richards</name>
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<p>The mammalian brain is the most complex organ in the body. It controls all aspects of our bodily functions and interprets the world around us through our senses. It defines us as human beings through our memories and our ability to plan for the future. Crucial to all these functions is how the brain is wired in order to perform these tasks. The basic map of brain wiring occurs during embryonic and postnatal development through a series of precisely orchestrated developmental events regulated by specific molecular mechanisms. Below we review the most important features of mammalian brain wiring derived from work in both mammals and in nonmammalian species. These mechanisms are highly conserved throughout evolution, simply becoming more complex in the mammalian brain. This fascinating area of biology is uncovering the essence of what makes the mammalian brain able to perform the everyday tasks we take for granted, as well as those which give us the ability for extraordinary achievement.</p>
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<article-title>Wiring the Brain: The Biology of Neuronal Guidance</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="left-running">A. Chédotal and L.J. Richards</alt-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="right-running">Wiring the Mammalian Brain</alt-title>
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<italic>Correspondence:</italic>
<email>richards@uq.edu.au</email>
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<month>6</month>
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<volume>2</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
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<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved</copyright-statement>
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<abstract>
<p>The mammalian brain is the most complex organ in the body. It controls all aspects of our bodily functions and interprets the world around us through our senses. It defines us as human beings through our memories and our ability to plan for the future. Crucial to all these functions is how the brain is wired in order to perform these tasks. The basic map of brain wiring occurs during embryonic and postnatal development through a series of precisely orchestrated developmental events regulated by specific molecular mechanisms. Below we review the most important features of mammalian brain wiring derived from work in both mammals and in nonmammalian species. These mechanisms are highly conserved throughout evolution, simply becoming more complex in the mammalian brain. This fascinating area of biology is uncovering the essence of what makes the mammalian brain able to perform the everyday tasks we take for granted, as well as those which give us the ability for extraordinary achievement.</p>
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<p>Pioneer axons first set the stage for the general axonal map of the brain. Second, neuronal populations are generated and specified by the expression of transcription factors, with these neurons sending out axons that grow towards their final targets through the use of intermediate targets such as glial and corridor cells along the pathway. Target and synapse specificity in the region of the final target is coordinated both through molecular and activity-dependent mechanisms.</p>
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