Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
Identifieur interne : 001815 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001814; suivant : 001816Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
Auteurs : Daphna LevinsonSource :
- The British Journal of Psychiatry [ 0007-1250 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most countries.
To examine one central aspect of illness burden, the association of serious mental illness with earnings, in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys.
The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and middle-income countries. The associations of personal earnings with serious mental illness were estimated.
Respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than
median earnings, with no significant between-country differences
(χ2(9) = 5.5–8.1,
These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should take these costs into consideration.
Url:
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.073635
PubMed: 20679263
PubMed Central: 2913273
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PMC:2913273Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the
WHO World Mental Health surveys</title><author><name sortKey="Levinson, Daphna" sort="Levinson, Daphna" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="Daphna" last="Levinson">Daphna Levinson</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20679263</idno><idno type="pmc">2913273</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913273</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2913273</idno><idno type="doi">10.1192/bjp.bp.109.073635</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001815</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001815</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the
WHO World Mental Health surveys</title><author><name sortKey="Levinson, Daphna" sort="Levinson, Daphna" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="Daphna" last="Levinson">Daphna Levinson</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The British Journal of Psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">0007-1250</idno><idno type="eISSN">1472-1465</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold></p><p>Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare
policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most
countries.</p><p><bold>Aims</bold></p><p>To examine one central aspect of illness burden, the association of serious
mental illness with earnings, in the World Health Organization (WHO) World
Mental Health (WMH) Surveys.</p><p><bold>Method</bold></p><p>The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and
middle-income countries. The associations of personal earnings with serious
mental illness were estimated.</p><p><bold>Results</bold></p><p>Respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than
median earnings, with no significant between-country differences
(χ<sup>2</sup>(9) = 5.5–8.1, <italic>P</italic> = 0.52–0.79). These
losses are equivalent to 0.3–0.8% of total national earnings. Reduced
earnings among those with earnings and the increased probability of not
earning are both important components of these associations.</p><p><bold>Conclusions</bold></p><p>These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have
high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should
take these costs into consideration.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Br J Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bjprcpsych</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">bjp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The British Journal of Psychiatry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0007-1250</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1472-1465</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Royal College Of Psychiatrists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20679263</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2913273</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0114</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1192/bjp.bp.109.073635</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Papers</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the
WHO World Mental Health surveys</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Levinson</surname><given-names>Daphna</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e19">Ministry of Health, Mental Health Services, Jerusalem, Israel</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lakoma</surname><given-names>Matthew D.</given-names></name><degrees>MPH</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Petukhova</surname><given-names>Maria</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e36">Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, Boston, USA</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schoenbaum</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e46">National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zaslavsky</surname><given-names>Alan M.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e56">Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, Boston, USA</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Angermeyer</surname><given-names>Matthias</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e66">Center for Public Mental Health, Goesing am Wagram, Austria</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Borges</surname><given-names>Guilherme</given-names></name><degrees>ScD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e76">Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente, Tlalpan, Mexico</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bruffaerts</surname><given-names>Ronny</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e86">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Girolamo</surname><given-names>Giovanni</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e96">IRCCS Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Lombardy, Italy</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Graaf</surname><given-names>Ron</given-names></name><degrees>PhD, MSc</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e106">Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gureje</surname><given-names>Oye</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD, FRCPsych</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e116">University of Ibadan, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan Oyo, Nigeria</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Haro</surname><given-names>Josep Maria</given-names></name><degrees>MD, MPH, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e127">Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>Chiyi</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e137">Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Guangdong; China</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Karam</surname><given-names>Aimee N.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e147">Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Balamand University Medical School and the Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kawakami</surname><given-names>Norito</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e157">Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Sing</given-names></name><degrees>FRCPsych</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e167">The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lepine</surname><given-names>Jean-Pierre</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e177">HDR, INSERM U 705, University Paris Diderot, Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Paris France</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Browne</surname><given-names>Mark Oakley</given-names></name><degrees>PhD, FRANZCP</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e187">Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Okoliyski</surname><given-names>Michail</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e197">Department Global Mental Health, National Centre of Public Health Protection, Sofia, Bulgaria</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Posada-Villa</surname><given-names>José</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e207">Asesor Atención Psicosocial y Salud Mental, OIM-COLOMBIA, Bogota, Colombia</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sagar</surname><given-names>Rajesh</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e217">All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Viana</surname><given-names>Maria Carmen</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e227">Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology, Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Williams</surname><given-names>David R.</given-names></name><degrees>MPH, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e238">Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Boston, USA</aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kessler</surname><given-names>Ronald C.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e254">Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, Boston, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp><bold>Correspondence</bold>: Ronald C. Kessler, PhD, Department of Health Care
Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Email:
<email>kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day><month>8</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 12 months and 0 days and was based on the copyright element. </pmc-comment>
<volume>197</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>1</day><month>10</month><year>2009</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>18</day><month>3</month><year>2010</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>4</month><year>2010</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, Royal College of Psychiatrists</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="114.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p><bold>Background</bold></p><p>Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare
policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most
countries.</p><p><bold>Aims</bold></p><p>To examine one central aspect of illness burden, the association of serious
mental illness with earnings, in the World Health Organization (WHO) World
Mental Health (WMH) Surveys.</p><p><bold>Method</bold></p><p>The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and
middle-income countries. The associations of personal earnings with serious
mental illness were estimated.</p><p><bold>Results</bold></p><p>Respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than
median earnings, with no significant between-country differences
(χ<sup>2</sup>(9) = 5.5–8.1, <italic>P</italic> = 0.52–0.79). These
losses are equivalent to 0.3–0.8% of total national earnings. Reduced
earnings among those with earnings and the increased probability of not
earning are both important components of these associations.</p><p><bold>Conclusions</bold></p><p>These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have
high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should
take these costs into consideration.</p></abstract></article-meta><notes><fn-group><fn><p><bold>Declaration of interest</bold></p></fn><fn><p>R.C.K. has been a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline, Kaiser Permanente,
Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Shire Pharmaceuticals and Wyeth-Ayerst; has served on
advisory boards for Eli Lilly & Company and Wyeth-Ayerst; and has had
research support for his epidemiological studies from Bristol-Myers Squibb,
Eli Lilly & Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson
Pharmaceuticals, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceuticalsc, Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis.</p></fn></fn-group></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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