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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Cross-cultural variation in men's preference for sexual dimorphism in women's faces</title><author><name sortKey="Marcinkowska, Urszula M" sort="Marcinkowska, Urszula M" uniqKey="Marcinkowska U" first="Urszula M." last="Marcinkowska">Urszula M. Marcinkowska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Turku Brain and Mind Center</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kozlov, Mikhail V" sort="Kozlov, Mikhail V" uniqKey="Kozlov M" first="Mikhail V." last="Kozlov">Mikhail V. Kozlov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Huajian" sort="Cai, Huajian" uniqKey="Cai H" first="Huajian" last="Cai">Huajian Cai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Institute of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Beijing</addr-line>,<country>People's Republic of China</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Contreras Gardu O, Jorge" sort="Contreras Gardu O, Jorge" uniqKey="Contreras Gardu O J" first="Jorge" last="Contreras-Gardu O">Jorge Contreras-Gardu O</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de Guanajuato</institution>,<addr-line>Guanajuato</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dixson, Barnaby J" sort="Dixson, Barnaby J" uniqKey="Dixson B" first="Barnaby J." last="Dixson">Barnaby J. Dixson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><addr-line>Evolution and Ecology Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of New South Wales</institution>,<addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oana, Gavita A" sort="Oana, Gavita A" uniqKey="Oana G" first="Gavita A." last="Oana">Gavita A. Oana</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy</addr-line>,<institution>Babes-Bolyai University</institution>,<addr-line>Cluj-Napoca</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaminski, Gwenael" sort="Kaminski, Gwenael" uniqKey="Kaminski G" first="Gwenaël" last="Kaminski">Gwenaël Kaminski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><addr-line>Laboratoire CLLE-LTC</addr-line>,<institution>Toulouse University</institution>,<addr-line>Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Norman P" sort="Li, Norman P" uniqKey="Li N" first="Norman P." last="Li">Norman P. Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>School of Social Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Singapore Management University</institution>,<addr-line>Singapore</addr-line>,<country>Singapore</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, Minna T" sort="Lyons, Minna T" uniqKey="Lyons M" first="Minna T." last="Lyons">Minna T. Lyons</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>School of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Liverpool</institution>,<addr-line>Liverpool</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Onyishi, Ike E" sort="Onyishi, Ike E" uniqKey="Onyishi I" first="Ike E." last="Onyishi">Ike E. Onyishi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Nigeria</institution>,<addr-line>Nsukka</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prasai, Keshav" sort="Prasai, Keshav" uniqKey="Prasai K" first="Keshav" last="Prasai">Keshav Prasai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af11"><institution>Model College</institution>,<addr-line>Kathmandu</addr-line>,<country>Nepal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pazhoohi, Farid" sort="Pazhoohi, Farid" uniqKey="Pazhoohi F" first="Farid" last="Pazhoohi">Farid Pazhoohi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af12"><addr-line>Department of Animal Science</addr-line>,<institution>Shiraz University</institution>,<addr-line>Shiraz</addr-line>,<country>Iran</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prokop, Pavol" sort="Prokop, Pavol" uniqKey="Prokop P" first="Pavol" last="Prokop">Pavol Prokop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Trnava University</institution>,<addr-line>Trnava</addr-line>,<country>Slovakia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosales Cardozo, Sandra L" sort="Rosales Cardozo, Sandra L" uniqKey="Rosales Cardozo S" first="Sandra L." last="Rosales Cardozo">Sandra L. Rosales Cardozo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af14"><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Ibagué</institution>,<addr-line>Ibagué</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sydney, Nicolle" sort="Sydney, Nicolle" uniqKey="Sydney N" first="Nicolle" last="Sydney">Nicolle Sydney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af15"><addr-line>Department of Zoology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal do Paraná</institution>,<addr-line>Paraná</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yong, Jose C" sort="Yong, Jose C" uniqKey="Yong J" first="Jose C." last="Yong">Jose C. Yong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>School of Social Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Singapore Management University</institution>,<addr-line>Singapore</addr-line>,<country>Singapore</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rantala, Markus J" sort="Rantala, Markus J" uniqKey="Rantala M" first="Markus J." last="Rantala">Markus J. Rantala</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Turku Brain and Mind Center</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24789138</idno><idno type="pmc">4013689</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4013689</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4013689</idno><idno type="doi">10.1098/rsbl.2013.0850</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001768</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001768</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Cross-cultural variation in men's preference for sexual dimorphism in women's faces</title><author><name sortKey="Marcinkowska, Urszula M" sort="Marcinkowska, Urszula M" uniqKey="Marcinkowska U" first="Urszula M." last="Marcinkowska">Urszula M. Marcinkowska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Turku Brain and Mind Center</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kozlov, Mikhail V" sort="Kozlov, Mikhail V" uniqKey="Kozlov M" first="Mikhail V." last="Kozlov">Mikhail V. Kozlov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Huajian" sort="Cai, Huajian" uniqKey="Cai H" first="Huajian" last="Cai">Huajian Cai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Institute of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Beijing</addr-line>,<country>People's Republic of China</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Contreras Gardu O, Jorge" sort="Contreras Gardu O, Jorge" uniqKey="Contreras Gardu O J" first="Jorge" last="Contreras-Gardu O">Jorge Contreras-Gardu O</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de Guanajuato</institution>,<addr-line>Guanajuato</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dixson, Barnaby J" sort="Dixson, Barnaby J" uniqKey="Dixson B" first="Barnaby J." last="Dixson">Barnaby J. Dixson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><addr-line>Evolution and Ecology Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of New South Wales</institution>,<addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oana, Gavita A" sort="Oana, Gavita A" uniqKey="Oana G" first="Gavita A." last="Oana">Gavita A. Oana</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy</addr-line>,<institution>Babes-Bolyai University</institution>,<addr-line>Cluj-Napoca</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaminski, Gwenael" sort="Kaminski, Gwenael" uniqKey="Kaminski G" first="Gwenaël" last="Kaminski">Gwenaël Kaminski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><addr-line>Laboratoire CLLE-LTC</addr-line>,<institution>Toulouse University</institution>,<addr-line>Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Norman P" sort="Li, Norman P" uniqKey="Li N" first="Norman P." last="Li">Norman P. Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>School of Social Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Singapore Management University</institution>,<addr-line>Singapore</addr-line>,<country>Singapore</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, Minna T" sort="Lyons, Minna T" uniqKey="Lyons M" first="Minna T." last="Lyons">Minna T. Lyons</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>School of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Liverpool</institution>,<addr-line>Liverpool</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Onyishi, Ike E" sort="Onyishi, Ike E" uniqKey="Onyishi I" first="Ike E." last="Onyishi">Ike E. Onyishi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Nigeria</institution>,<addr-line>Nsukka</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prasai, Keshav" sort="Prasai, Keshav" uniqKey="Prasai K" first="Keshav" last="Prasai">Keshav Prasai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af11"><institution>Model College</institution>,<addr-line>Kathmandu</addr-line>,<country>Nepal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pazhoohi, Farid" sort="Pazhoohi, Farid" uniqKey="Pazhoohi F" first="Farid" last="Pazhoohi">Farid Pazhoohi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af12"><addr-line>Department of Animal Science</addr-line>,<institution>Shiraz University</institution>,<addr-line>Shiraz</addr-line>,<country>Iran</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prokop, Pavol" sort="Prokop, Pavol" uniqKey="Prokop P" first="Pavol" last="Prokop">Pavol Prokop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Trnava University</institution>,<addr-line>Trnava</addr-line>,<country>Slovakia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosales Cardozo, Sandra L" sort="Rosales Cardozo, Sandra L" uniqKey="Rosales Cardozo S" first="Sandra L." last="Rosales Cardozo">Sandra L. Rosales Cardozo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af14"><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Ibagué</institution>,<addr-line>Ibagué</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sydney, Nicolle" sort="Sydney, Nicolle" uniqKey="Sydney N" first="Nicolle" last="Sydney">Nicolle Sydney</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af15"><addr-line>Department of Zoology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal do Paraná</institution>,<addr-line>Paraná</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yong, Jose C" sort="Yong, Jose C" uniqKey="Yong J" first="Jose C." last="Yong">Jose C. Yong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>School of Social Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Singapore Management University</institution>,<addr-line>Singapore</addr-line>,<country>Singapore</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rantala, Markus J" sort="Rantala, Markus J" uniqKey="Rantala M" first="Markus J." last="Rantala">Markus J. Rantala</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Turku Brain and Mind Center</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Biology Letters</title><idno type="ISSN">1744-9561</idno><idno type="eISSN">1744-957X</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Both attractiveness judgements and mate preferences vary considerably cross-culturally. We investigated whether men's preference for femininity in women's faces varies between 28 countries with diverse health conditions by analysing responses of 1972 heterosexual participants. Although men in all countries preferred feminized over masculinized female faces, we found substantial differences between countries in the magnitude of men's preferences. Using an average femininity preference for each country, we found men's facial femininity preferences correlated positively with the health of the nation, which explained 50.4% of the variation among countries. The weakest preferences for femininity were found in Nepal and strongest in Japan. As high femininity in women is associated with lower success in competition for resources and lower dominance, it is possible that in harsher environments, men prefer cues to resource holding potential over high fecundity.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biol Lett</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biol. Lett</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSBL</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">roybiolett</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Biology Letters</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1744-9561</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1744-957X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24789138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4013689</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rsbl.2013.0850</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rsbl20130850</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1001</subject><subject>14</subject><subject>70</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cross-cultural variation in men's preference for sexual dimorphism in women's faces</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Men's facial preferences crossculturally</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marcinkowska</surname><given-names>Urszula M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cai</surname><given-names>Huajian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Contreras-Garduño</surname><given-names>Jorge</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dixson</surname><given-names>Barnaby J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oana</surname><given-names>Gavita A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaminski</surname><given-names>Gwenaël</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Norman P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lyons</surname><given-names>Minna T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Onyishi</surname><given-names>Ike E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af10">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prasai</surname><given-names>Keshav</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pazhoohi</surname><given-names>Farid</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af12">12</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prokop</surname><given-names>Pavol</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rosales Cardozo</surname><given-names>Sandra L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af14">14</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sydney</surname><given-names>Nicolle</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af15">15</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yong</surname><given-names>Jose C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rantala</surname><given-names>Markus J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Turku Brain and Mind Center</addr-line>,<institution>University of Turku</institution>,<addr-line>Turku</addr-line>,<country>Finland</country></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Institute of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Beijing</addr-line>,<country>People's Republic of China</country></aff><aff id="af4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de Guanajuato</institution>,<addr-line>Guanajuato</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country></aff><aff id="af5"><label>5</label><addr-line>Evolution and Ecology Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of New South Wales</institution>,<addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="af6"><label>6</label><addr-line>Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy</addr-line>,<institution>Babes-Bolyai University</institution>,<addr-line>Cluj-Napoca</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country></aff><aff id="af7"><label>7</label><addr-line>Laboratoire CLLE-LTC</addr-line>,<institution>Toulouse University</institution>,<addr-line>Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></aff><aff id="af8"><label>8</label><addr-line>School of Social Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Singapore Management University</institution>,<addr-line>Singapore</addr-line>,<country>Singapore</country></aff><aff id="af9"><label>9</label><addr-line>School of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Liverpool</institution>,<addr-line>Liverpool</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></aff><aff id="af10"><label>10</label><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Nigeria</institution>,<addr-line>Nsukka</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country></aff><aff id="af11"><label>11</label><institution>Model College</institution>,<addr-line>Kathmandu</addr-line>,<country>Nepal</country></aff><aff id="af12"><label>12</label><addr-line>Department of Animal Science</addr-line>,<institution>Shiraz University</institution>,<addr-line>Shiraz</addr-line>,<country>Iran</country></aff><aff id="af13"><label>13</label><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Trnava University</institution>,<addr-line>Trnava</addr-line>,<country>Slovakia</country></aff><aff id="af14"><label>14</label><addr-line>Department of Psychology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Ibagué</institution>,<addr-line>Ibagué</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country></aff><aff id="af15"><label>15</label><addr-line>Department of Zoology</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal do Paraná</institution>,<addr-line>Paraná</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">e-mail: <email>urmarc@utu.fi</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>20130850</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>3</day><month>10</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>1</day><month>4</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="rsbl20130850.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Both attractiveness judgements and mate preferences vary considerably cross-culturally. We investigated whether men's preference for femininity in women's faces varies between 28 countries with diverse health conditions by analysing responses of 1972 heterosexual participants. Although men in all countries preferred feminized over masculinized female faces, we found substantial differences between countries in the magnitude of men's preferences. Using an average femininity preference for each country, we found men's facial femininity preferences correlated positively with the health of the nation, which explained 50.4% of the variation among countries. The weakest preferences for femininity were found in Nepal and strongest in Japan. As high femininity in women is associated with lower success in competition for resources and lower dominance, it is possible that in harsher environments, men prefer cues to resource holding potential over high fecundity.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>facial preferences</kwd><kwd>femininity</kwd><kwd>national health</kwd><kwd>other-race effect</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name><meta-value>April, 2014</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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