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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Integrative Conjugative Elements Are Widespread in Field Isolates of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> Species Pathogenic for Ruminants</title><author><name sortKey="Tardy, Florence" sort="Tardy, Florence" uniqKey="Tardy F" first="Florence" last="Tardy">Florence Tardy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L'Etoile, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mick, Virginie" sort="Mick, Virginie" uniqKey="Mick V" first="Virginie" last="Mick">Virginie Mick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L'Etoile, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dordet Frisoni, Emilie" sort="Dordet Frisoni, Emilie" uniqKey="Dordet Frisoni E" first="Emilie" last="Dordet-Frisoni">Emilie Dordet-Frisoni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marenda, Marc Serge" sort="Marenda, Marc Serge" uniqKey="Marenda M" first="Marc Serge" last="Marenda">Marc Serge Marenda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">University of Melbourne, Department of Veterinary Science, Werribee, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sirand Pugnet, Pascal" sort="Sirand Pugnet, Pascal" uniqKey="Sirand Pugnet P" first="Pascal" last="Sirand-Pugnet">Pascal Sirand-Pugnet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blanchard, Alain" sort="Blanchard, Alain" uniqKey="Blanchard A" first="Alain" last="Blanchard">Alain Blanchard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Citti, Christine" sort="Citti, Christine" uniqKey="Citti C" first="Christine" last="Citti">Christine Citti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25527550</idno><idno type="pmc">4325163</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325163</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4325163</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/AEM.03723-14</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001756</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001756</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Integrative Conjugative Elements Are Widespread in Field Isolates of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> Species Pathogenic for Ruminants</title><author><name sortKey="Tardy, Florence" sort="Tardy, Florence" uniqKey="Tardy F" first="Florence" last="Tardy">Florence Tardy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L'Etoile, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mick, Virginie" sort="Mick, Virginie" uniqKey="Mick V" first="Virginie" last="Mick">Virginie Mick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L'Etoile, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dordet Frisoni, Emilie" sort="Dordet Frisoni, Emilie" uniqKey="Dordet Frisoni E" first="Emilie" last="Dordet-Frisoni">Emilie Dordet-Frisoni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marenda, Marc Serge" sort="Marenda, Marc Serge" uniqKey="Marenda M" first="Marc Serge" last="Marenda">Marc Serge Marenda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">University of Melbourne, Department of Veterinary Science, Werribee, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sirand Pugnet, Pascal" sort="Sirand Pugnet, Pascal" uniqKey="Sirand Pugnet P" first="Pascal" last="Sirand-Pugnet">Pascal Sirand-Pugnet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blanchard, Alain" sort="Blanchard, Alain" uniqKey="Blanchard A" first="Alain" last="Blanchard">Alain Blanchard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Citti, Christine" sort="Citti, Christine" uniqKey="Citti C" first="Christine" last="Citti">Christine Citti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0099-2240</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5336</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Comparative genomics have revealed massive horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> species sharing common ruminant hosts. Further results pointed toward an integrative conjugative element (ICE) as an important contributor of HGT in the small-ruminant-pathogen <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma agalactiae</named-content>. To estimate the prevalence of ICEs in ruminant mycoplasmas, we surveyed their occurrence in a collection of 166 field strains representing 4 (sub)species that are recognized as major pathogens. Based on available sequenced genomes, we first defined the conserved, minimal ICE backbone as composed of 4 coding sequences (CDSs) that are evenly distributed and predicted to be essential for ICE chromosomal integration-excision and horizontal transfer. Screening of the strain collection revealed that these 4 CDSs are well represented in ruminant <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> species, suggesting widespread occurrence of ICEs. Yet their prevalence varies within and among species, with no correlation found with the individual strain history. Extrachromosomal ICE forms were also often detected, suggesting that ICEs are able to circularize in all species, a first and essential step in ICE horizontal transfer. Examination of the junction of the circular forms and comparative sequence analysis of conserved CDSs clearly pointed toward two types of ICE, the <named-content content-type="genus-species">hominis</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">spiroplasma</named-content> types, most likely differing in their mechanism of excision-integration. Overall, our data indicate the occurrence and maintenance of functional ICEs in a large number of field isolates of ruminant mycoplasmas. These may contribute to genome plasticity and gene exchanges and, presumably, to the emergence of diverse genotypes within pathogenic mycoplasmas of veterinary importance.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Appl. Environ. Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25527550</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4325163</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">03723-14</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.03723-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Integrative Conjugative Elements Are Widespread in Field Isolates of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> Species Pathogenic for Ruminants</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Integrative Conjugative Elements in Mycoplasmas</alt-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short-authors">Tardy et al.</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Tardy</surname><given-names>Florence</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mick</surname><given-names>Virginie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dordet-Frisoni</surname><given-names>Emilie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marenda</surname><given-names>Marc Serge</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sirand-Pugnet</surname><given-names>Pascal</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Blanchard</surname><given-names>Alain</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Citti</surname><given-names>Christine</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L'Etoile, France</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, UMR1225, IHAP, Toulouse, France</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>e</label>University of Melbourne, Department of Veterinary Science, Werribee, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff6"><label>f</label>INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</aff><aff id="aff7"><label>g</label>Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Elkins</surname><given-names>C. A.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Florence Tardy, <email>florence.tardy@anses.fr</email>, or Christine Citti, <email>c.citti@envt.fr</email>.</corresp><fn id="fn1" fn-type="present-address"><label>*</label><p>Present address: Virginie Mick, Paris-Est University/Anses, Animal Health Laboratory, Bacterial Zoonoses Unit, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Maisons-Alfort, France.</p></fn><fn fn-type="equal"><p>F.T. and V.M. contributed equally to this article.</p></fn><fn fn-type="other"><p><bold>Citation</bold> Tardy F, Mick V, Dordet-Frisoni E, Marenda MS, Sirand-Pugnet P, Blanchard A, Citti C. 2015. Integrative conjugative elements are widespread in field isolates of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> species pathogenic for ruminants. Appl Environ Microbiol 81:1634–1643. doi:<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03723-14">10.1128/AEM.03723-14</ext-link>.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>2</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>81</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1634</fpage><lpage>1643</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="zam00515001634.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Comparative genomics have revealed massive horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> species sharing common ruminant hosts. Further results pointed toward an integrative conjugative element (ICE) as an important contributor of HGT in the small-ruminant-pathogen <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma agalactiae</named-content>. To estimate the prevalence of ICEs in ruminant mycoplasmas, we surveyed their occurrence in a collection of 166 field strains representing 4 (sub)species that are recognized as major pathogens. Based on available sequenced genomes, we first defined the conserved, minimal ICE backbone as composed of 4 coding sequences (CDSs) that are evenly distributed and predicted to be essential for ICE chromosomal integration-excision and horizontal transfer. Screening of the strain collection revealed that these 4 CDSs are well represented in ruminant <named-content content-type="genus-species">Mycoplasma</named-content> species, suggesting widespread occurrence of ICEs. Yet their prevalence varies within and among species, with no correlation found with the individual strain history. Extrachromosomal ICE forms were also often detected, suggesting that ICEs are able to circularize in all species, a first and essential step in ICE horizontal transfer. Examination of the junction of the circular forms and comparative sequence analysis of conserved CDSs clearly pointed toward two types of ICE, the <named-content content-type="genus-species">hominis</named-content> and <named-content content-type="genus-species">spiroplasma</named-content> types, most likely differing in their mechanism of excision-integration. Overall, our data indicate the occurrence and maintenance of functional ICEs in a large number of field isolates of ruminant mycoplasmas. These may contribute to genome plasticity and gene exchanges and, presumably, to the emergence of diverse genotypes within pathogenic mycoplasmas of veterinary importance.</p></abstract><counts><fig-count count="3"></fig-count><table-count count="2"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="39"></ref-count><page-count count="10"></page-count><word-count count="9187"></word-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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