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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Ceftazidime-Avibactam as Salvage Therapy for Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms</title><author><name sortKey="Temkin, Elizabeth" sort="Temkin, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Temkin E" first="Elizabeth" last="Temkin">Elizabeth Temkin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torre Cisneros, Julian" sort="Torre Cisneros, Julian" uniqKey="Torre Cisneros J" first="Julian" last="Torre-Cisneros">Julian Torre-Cisneros</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beovic, Bojana" sort="Beovic, Bojana" uniqKey="Beovic B" first="Bojana" last="Beovic">Bojana Beovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benito, Natividad" sort="Benito, Natividad" uniqKey="Benito N" first="Natividad" last="Benito">Natividad Benito</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannella, Maddalena" sort="Giannella, Maddalena" uniqKey="Giannella M" first="Maddalena" last="Giannella">Maddalena Giannella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilarranz, Raul" sort="Gilarranz, Raul" uniqKey="Gilarranz R" first="Raúl" last="Gilarranz">Raúl Gilarranz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeremiah, Cameron" sort="Jeremiah, Cameron" uniqKey="Jeremiah C" first="Cameron" last="Jeremiah">Cameron Jeremiah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeches, Belen" sort="Loeches, Belen" uniqKey="Loeches B" first="Belén" last="Loeches">Belén Loeches</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Machuca, Isabel" sort="Machuca, Isabel" uniqKey="Machuca I" first="Isabel" last="Machuca">Isabel Machuca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jimenez Martin, Maria Jose" sort="Jimenez Martin, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Jimenez Martin M" first="María José" last="Jiménez-Martín">María José Jiménez-Martín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Jose Antonio" sort="Martinez, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Martinez J" first="José Antonio" last="Martínez">José Antonio Martínez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora Rillo, Marta" sort="Mora Rillo, Marta" uniqKey="Mora Rillo M" first="Marta" last="Mora-Rillo">Marta Mora-Rillo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navas, Enrique" sort="Navas, Enrique" uniqKey="Navas E" first="Enrique" last="Navas">Enrique Navas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osthoff, Michael" sort="Osthoff, Michael" uniqKey="Osthoff M" first="Michael" last="Osthoff">Michael Osthoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pozo, Juan Carlos" sort="Pozo, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Pozo J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Pozo">Juan Carlos Pozo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Ramos, Juan Carlos" sort="Ramos Ramos, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Ramos Ramos J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Ramos Ramos">Juan Carlos Ramos Ramos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez, Marina" sort="Rodriguez, Marina" uniqKey="Rodriguez M" first="Marina" last="Rodriguez">Marina Rodriguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Garcia, Miguel" sort="Sanchez Garcia, Miguel" uniqKey="Sanchez Garcia M" first="Miguel" last="Sánchez-García">Miguel Sánchez-García</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Viale, Pierluigi" sort="Viale, Pierluigi" uniqKey="Viale P" first="Pierluigi" last="Viale">Pierluigi Viale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff16">Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, Michel" sort="Wolff, Michel" uniqKey="Wolff M" first="Michel" last="Wolff">Michel Wolff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff17">Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carmeli, Yehuda" sort="Carmeli, Yehuda" uniqKey="Carmeli Y" first="Yehuda" last="Carmeli">Yehuda Carmeli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27895014</idno><idno type="pmc">5278727</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5278727</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5278727</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/AAC.01964-16</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001748</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001748</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Ceftazidime-Avibactam as Salvage Therapy for Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms</title><author><name sortKey="Temkin, Elizabeth" sort="Temkin, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Temkin E" first="Elizabeth" last="Temkin">Elizabeth Temkin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torre Cisneros, Julian" sort="Torre Cisneros, Julian" uniqKey="Torre Cisneros J" first="Julian" last="Torre-Cisneros">Julian Torre-Cisneros</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beovic, Bojana" sort="Beovic, Bojana" uniqKey="Beovic B" first="Bojana" last="Beovic">Bojana Beovic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benito, Natividad" sort="Benito, Natividad" uniqKey="Benito N" first="Natividad" last="Benito">Natividad Benito</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannella, Maddalena" sort="Giannella, Maddalena" uniqKey="Giannella M" first="Maddalena" last="Giannella">Maddalena Giannella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilarranz, Raul" sort="Gilarranz, Raul" uniqKey="Gilarranz R" first="Raúl" last="Gilarranz">Raúl Gilarranz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jeremiah, Cameron" sort="Jeremiah, Cameron" uniqKey="Jeremiah C" first="Cameron" last="Jeremiah">Cameron Jeremiah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeches, Belen" sort="Loeches, Belen" uniqKey="Loeches B" first="Belén" last="Loeches">Belén Loeches</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Machuca, Isabel" sort="Machuca, Isabel" uniqKey="Machuca I" first="Isabel" last="Machuca">Isabel Machuca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jimenez Martin, Maria Jose" sort="Jimenez Martin, Maria Jose" uniqKey="Jimenez Martin M" first="María José" last="Jiménez-Martín">María José Jiménez-Martín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Jose Antonio" sort="Martinez, Jose Antonio" uniqKey="Martinez J" first="José Antonio" last="Martínez">José Antonio Martínez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora Rillo, Marta" sort="Mora Rillo, Marta" uniqKey="Mora Rillo M" first="Marta" last="Mora-Rillo">Marta Mora-Rillo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navas, Enrique" sort="Navas, Enrique" uniqKey="Navas E" first="Enrique" last="Navas">Enrique Navas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osthoff, Michael" sort="Osthoff, Michael" uniqKey="Osthoff M" first="Michael" last="Osthoff">Michael Osthoff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pozo, Juan Carlos" sort="Pozo, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Pozo J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Pozo">Juan Carlos Pozo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramos Ramos, Juan Carlos" sort="Ramos Ramos, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Ramos Ramos J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Ramos Ramos">Juan Carlos Ramos Ramos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez, Marina" sort="Rodriguez, Marina" uniqKey="Rodriguez M" first="Marina" last="Rodriguez">Marina Rodriguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Garcia, Miguel" sort="Sanchez Garcia, Miguel" uniqKey="Sanchez Garcia M" first="Miguel" last="Sánchez-García">Miguel Sánchez-García</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Viale, Pierluigi" sort="Viale, Pierluigi" uniqKey="Viale P" first="Pierluigi" last="Viale">Pierluigi Viale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff16">Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, Michel" sort="Wolff, Michel" uniqKey="Wolff M" first="Michel" last="Wolff">Michel Wolff</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff17">Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carmeli, Yehuda" sort="Carmeli, Yehuda" uniqKey="Carmeli Y" first="Yehuda" last="Carmeli">Yehuda Carmeli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy</title><idno type="ISSN">0066-4804</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-6596</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a recently approved β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor combination with the potential to treat serious infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms. Few patients with such infections were included in the CAZ-AVI clinical trials, and clinical experience is lacking. We present a case series of patients with infections caused by carbapenem-resistant <named-content content-type="genus-species">Enterobacteriaceae</named-content> (CRE) or <named-content content-type="genus-species">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</named-content> (CRPa) who were treated with CAZ-AVI salvage therapy on a compassionate-use basis. Physicians who had prescribed CAZ-AVI completed a case report form. We used descriptive statistics to summarize patient characteristics and treatment outcomes. We used the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact test to compare patients by treatment outcome. The sample included 36 patients infected with CRE and two with CRPa. The most common infections were intra-abdominal. Physicians categorized 60.5% of patients as having life-threatening infections. All but two patients received other antibiotics before CAZ-AVI, for a median of 13 days. The median duration of CAZ-AVI treatment was 16 days. Twenty-five patients (65.8%) concurrently received other antibiotics to which their pathogen was nonresistant <italic>in vitro</italic>. Twenty-eight patients (73.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 56.9 to 86.6%) experienced clinical and/or microbiological cure. Five patients (20.8%) with documented microbiological cure died, whereas 10 patients (71.4%) with no documented microbiological cure died (<italic>P</italic> = 0.01). In three-quarters of cases, CAZ-AVI (alone or combined with other antibiotics) cured infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms, 95% of which had failed previous therapy. Microbiological cure was associated with improved survival. CAZ-AVI shows promising clinical results for infections for which treatment options are limited.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Antimicrob Agents Chemother</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Antimicrob. Agents Chemother</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aac</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aac</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AAC</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0066-4804</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-6596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27895014</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5278727</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">01964-16</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AAC.01964-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Clinical Therapeutics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ceftazidime-Avibactam as Salvage Therapy for Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">CAZ-AVI for Carbapenem Resistance</alt-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short-authors">Temkin et al.</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Temkin</surname><given-names>Elizabeth</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Torre-Cisneros</surname><given-names>Julian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>j</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Beovic</surname><given-names>Bojana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Benito</surname><given-names>Natividad</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Giannella</surname><given-names>Maddalena</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gilarranz</surname><given-names>Raúl</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jeremiah</surname><given-names>Cameron</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Loeches</surname><given-names>Belén</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Machuca</surname><given-names>Isabel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>j</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jiménez-Martín</surname><given-names>María José</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>k</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Martínez</surname><given-names>José Antonio</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>l</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mora-Rillo</surname><given-names>Marta</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Navas</surname><given-names>Enrique</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>m</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Osthoff</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"><sup>n</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pozo</surname><given-names>Juan Carlos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>o</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ramos Ramos</surname><given-names>Juan Carlos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rodriguez</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>o</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sánchez-García</surname><given-names>Miguel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>k</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Viale</surname><given-names>Pierluigi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>p</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wolff</surname><given-names>Michel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"><sup>q</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18"><sup>r</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Carmeli</surname><given-names>Yehuda</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19"><sup>s</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Department of Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>e</label>Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</aff><aff id="aff6"><label>f</label>Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain</aff><aff id="aff7"><label>g</label>Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia</aff><aff id="aff8"><label>h</label>Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="aff9"><label>i</label>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</aff><aff id="aff10"><label>j</label>Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain</aff><aff id="aff11"><label>k</label>Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="aff12"><label>l</label>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain</aff><aff id="aff13"><label>m</label>Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="aff14"><label>n</label>Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</aff><aff id="aff15"><label>o</label>Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain</aff><aff id="aff16"><label>p</label>Department of Medical Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy</aff><aff id="aff17"><label>q</label>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France</aff><aff id="aff18"><label>r</label>Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France</aff><aff id="aff19"><label>s</label>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Yehuda Carmeli, <email>yehudac@tlvmc.gov.il</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p><bold>Citation</bold> Temkin E, Torre-Cisneros J, Beovic B, Benito N, Giannella M, Gilarranz R, Jeremiah C, Loeches B, Machuca I, Jiménez-Martín MJ, Martínez JA, Mora-Rillo M, Navas E, Osthoff M, Pozo JC, Ramos Ramos JC, Rodriguez M, Sánchez-García M, Viale P, Wolff M, Carmeli Y. 2017. Ceftazidime-avibactam as salvage therapy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 61:e01964-16. <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01964-16">https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01964-16</ext-link>.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>1</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>2</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>e01964-16</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-request"><day>29</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder><license license-type="asm" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/ASMCopyrightv1"><license-p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/ASMCopyrightv1">All Rights Reserved</ext-link>.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="zac002175860001.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a recently approved β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor combination with the potential to treat serious infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms. Few patients with such infections were included in the CAZ-AVI clinical trials, and clinical experience is lacking. We present a case series of patients with infections caused by carbapenem-resistant <named-content content-type="genus-species">Enterobacteriaceae</named-content> (CRE) or <named-content content-type="genus-species">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</named-content> (CRPa) who were treated with CAZ-AVI salvage therapy on a compassionate-use basis. Physicians who had prescribed CAZ-AVI completed a case report form. We used descriptive statistics to summarize patient characteristics and treatment outcomes. We used the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact test to compare patients by treatment outcome. The sample included 36 patients infected with CRE and two with CRPa. The most common infections were intra-abdominal. Physicians categorized 60.5% of patients as having life-threatening infections. All but two patients received other antibiotics before CAZ-AVI, for a median of 13 days. The median duration of CAZ-AVI treatment was 16 days. Twenty-five patients (65.8%) concurrently received other antibiotics to which their pathogen was nonresistant <italic>in vitro</italic>. Twenty-eight patients (73.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 56.9 to 86.6%) experienced clinical and/or microbiological cure. Five patients (20.8%) with documented microbiological cure died, whereas 10 patients (71.4%) with no documented microbiological cure died (<italic>P</italic> = 0.01). In three-quarters of cases, CAZ-AVI (alone or combined with other antibiotics) cured infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms, 95% of which had failed previous therapy. Microbiological cure was associated with improved survival. CAZ-AVI shows promising clinical results for infections for which treatment options are limited.</p></abstract><kwd-group><title>KEYWORDS</title><kwd>carbapenem resistance</kwd><kwd>case series</kwd><kwd>ceftazidime-avibactam</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="1"></fig-count><table-count count="5"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="37"></ref-count><page-count count="11"></page-count><word-count count="6706"></word-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name><meta-value>February 2017</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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