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Cigar and pipe smoking, smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic cancer: an analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)

Identifieur interne : 001732 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001731; suivant : 001733

Cigar and pipe smoking, smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic cancer: an analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)

Auteurs : P. Bertuccio ; C. La Vecchia ; D. T. Silverman ; G. M. Petersen ; P. M. Bracci ; E. Negri ; D. Li ; H. A. Risch ; S. H. Olson ; S. Gallinger ; A. B. Miller ; H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita ; R. Talamini ; J. Polesel ; P. Ghadirian ; P. A. Baghurst ; W. Zatonski ; E. T. Fontham ; W. R. Bamlet ; E. A. Holly ; E. Lucenteforte ; M. Hassan ; H. Yu ; R. C. Kurtz ; M. Cotterchio ; J. Su ; P. Maisonneuve ; E. J. Duell ; C. Bosetti ; P. Boffetta

Source :

RBID : PMC:3139985

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking is the best-characterized risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, data are limited for other tobacco smoking products and smokeless tobacco.

Materials and methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of cigar and pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use and risk of pancreatic cancer using data from 11 case–control studies (6056 cases and 11 338 controls) within the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4). Pooled odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by unconditional multiple logistic regression models adjusted for study center and selected covariates.

Results: Compared with never tobacco users, the OR for cigar-only smokers was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2–2.3), i.e. comparable to that of cigarette-only smokers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4–1.6). The OR was 1.1 (95% CI 0.69–1.6) for pipe-only smokers. There was some evidence of increasing risk with increasing amount of cigar smoked per day (OR 1.82 for ≥ 10 grams of tobacco), although not with duration. The OR for ever smokeless tobacco users as compared with never tobacco users was 0.98 (95% CI 0.75–1.3).

Conclusion: This collaborative analysis provides evidence that cigar smoking is associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, while no significant association emerged for pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use.


Url:
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq613
PubMed: 21245160
PubMed Central: 3139985

Links to Exploration step

PMC:3139985

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Negri, E" sort="Negri, E" uniqKey="Negri E" first="E." last="Negri">E. Negri</name>
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<name sortKey="Li, D" sort="Li, D" uniqKey="Li D" first="D." last="Li">D. Li</name>
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<name sortKey="Risch, H A" sort="Risch, H A" uniqKey="Risch H" first="H. A." last="Risch">H. A. Risch</name>
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<name sortKey="Gallinger, S" sort="Gallinger, S" uniqKey="Gallinger S" first="S." last="Gallinger">S. Gallinger</name>
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<name sortKey="Miller, A B" sort="Miller, A B" uniqKey="Miller A" first="A. B." last="Miller">A. B. Miller</name>
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<name sortKey="Bueno De Mesquita, H B" sort="Bueno De Mesquita, H B" uniqKey="Bueno De Mesquita H" first="H. B." last="Bueno-De-Mesquita">H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Talamini, R" sort="Talamini, R" uniqKey="Talamini R" first="R." last="Talamini">R. Talamini</name>
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<name sortKey="Polesel, J" sort="Polesel, J" uniqKey="Polesel J" first="J." last="Polesel">J. Polesel</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff13">Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano, Italy</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Ghadirian, P" sort="Ghadirian, P" uniqKey="Ghadirian P" first="P." last="Ghadirian">P. Ghadirian</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff14">Epidemiology Research Unit, Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Baghurst, P A" sort="Baghurst, P A" uniqKey="Baghurst P" first="P. A." last="Baghurst">P. A. Baghurst</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff15">Public Health, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Zatonski, W" sort="Zatonski, W" uniqKey="Zatonski W" first="W." last="Zatonski">W. Zatonski</name>
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<name sortKey="Holly, E A" sort="Holly, E A" uniqKey="Holly E" first="E. A." last="Holly">E. A. Holly</name>
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<name sortKey="Lucenteforte, E" sort="Lucenteforte, E" uniqKey="Lucenteforte E" first="E." last="Lucenteforte">E. Lucenteforte</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
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<nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Occupational Health, Section of Medical Statistics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Hassan, M" sort="Hassan, M" uniqKey="Hassan M" first="M." last="Hassan">M. Hassan</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff6">The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Yu, H" sort="Yu, H" uniqKey="Yu H" first="H." last="Yu">H. Yu</name>
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<name sortKey="Kurtz, R C" sort="Kurtz, R C" uniqKey="Kurtz R" first="R. C." last="Kurtz">R. C. Kurtz</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff18">Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Cotterchio, M" sort="Cotterchio, M" uniqKey="Cotterchio M" first="M." last="Cotterchio">M. Cotterchio</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff19">Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Su, J" sort="Su, J" uniqKey="Su J" first="J." last="Su">J. Su</name>
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<name sortKey="Maisonneuve, P" sort="Maisonneuve, P" uniqKey="Maisonneuve P" first="P." last="Maisonneuve">P. Maisonneuve</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff20">European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Duell, E J" sort="Duell, E J" uniqKey="Duell E" first="E. J." last="Duell">E. J. Duell</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff21">Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Bosetti, C" sort="Bosetti, C" uniqKey="Bosetti C" first="C." last="Bosetti">C. Bosetti</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Boffetta, P" sort="Boffetta, P" uniqKey="Boffetta P" first="P." last="Boffetta">P. Boffetta</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff22">International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
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<nlm:aff id="aff23">The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA</nlm:aff>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Cigar and pipe smoking, smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic cancer: an analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bertuccio, P" sort="Bertuccio, P" uniqKey="Bertuccio P" first="P." last="Bertuccio">P. Bertuccio</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Occupational Health, Section of Medical Statistics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="La Vecchia, C" sort="La Vecchia, C" uniqKey="La Vecchia C" first="C." last="La Vecchia">C. La Vecchia</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Occupational Health, Section of Medical Statistics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Silverman, D T" sort="Silverman, D T" uniqKey="Silverman D" first="D. T." last="Silverman">D. T. Silverman</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff3">National Cancer Institute, Bethesda</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Petersen, G M" sort="Petersen, G M" uniqKey="Petersen G" first="G. M." last="Petersen">G. M. Petersen</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff4">Mayo Clinic, Rochester</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bracci, P M" sort="Bracci, P M" uniqKey="Bracci P" first="P. M." last="Bracci">P. M. Bracci</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff5">University of California, San Francisco</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Negri, E" sort="Negri, E" uniqKey="Negri E" first="E." last="Negri">E. Negri</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, D" sort="Li, D" uniqKey="Li D" first="D." last="Li">D. Li</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff6">The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Risch, H A" sort="Risch, H A" uniqKey="Risch H" first="H. A." last="Risch">H. A. Risch</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Olson, S H" sort="Olson, S H" uniqKey="Olson S" first="S. H." last="Olson">S. H. Olson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gallinger, S" sort="Gallinger, S" uniqKey="Gallinger S" first="S." last="Gallinger">S. Gallinger</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff9">Toronto General Hospital</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miller, A B" sort="Miller, A B" uniqKey="Miller A" first="A. B." last="Miller">A. B. Miller</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff10">Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bueno De Mesquita, H B" sort="Bueno De Mesquita, H B" uniqKey="Bueno De Mesquita H" first="H. B." last="Bueno-De-Mesquita">H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff11">National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Talamini, R" sort="Talamini, R" uniqKey="Talamini R" first="R." last="Talamini">R. Talamini</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff13">Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Polesel, J" sort="Polesel, J" uniqKey="Polesel J" first="J." last="Polesel">J. Polesel</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff13">Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ghadirian, P" sort="Ghadirian, P" uniqKey="Ghadirian P" first="P." last="Ghadirian">P. Ghadirian</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff14">Epidemiology Research Unit, Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baghurst, P A" sort="Baghurst, P A" uniqKey="Baghurst P" first="P. A." last="Baghurst">P. A. Baghurst</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff15">Public Health, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zatonski, W" sort="Zatonski, W" uniqKey="Zatonski W" first="W." last="Zatonski">W. Zatonski</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff16">Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fontham, E T" sort="Fontham, E T" uniqKey="Fontham E" first="E. T." last="Fontham">E. T. Fontham</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff17">Louisiana State University, School of Public Health, New Orleans</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bamlet, W R" sort="Bamlet, W R" uniqKey="Bamlet W" first="W. R." last="Bamlet">W. R. Bamlet</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff4">Mayo Clinic, Rochester</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holly, E A" sort="Holly, E A" uniqKey="Holly E" first="E. A." last="Holly">E. A. Holly</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff5">University of California, San Francisco</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lucenteforte, E" sort="Lucenteforte, E" uniqKey="Lucenteforte E" first="E." last="Lucenteforte">E. Lucenteforte</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Occupational Health, Section of Medical Statistics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, M" sort="Hassan, M" uniqKey="Hassan M" first="M." last="Hassan">M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff6">The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, H" sort="Yu, H" uniqKey="Yu H" first="H." last="Yu">H. Yu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kurtz, R C" sort="Kurtz, R C" uniqKey="Kurtz R" first="R. C." last="Kurtz">R. C. Kurtz</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff18">Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cotterchio, M" sort="Cotterchio, M" uniqKey="Cotterchio M" first="M." last="Cotterchio">M. Cotterchio</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff10">Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff19">Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Su, J" sort="Su, J" uniqKey="Su J" first="J." last="Su">J. Su</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff3">National Cancer Institute, Bethesda</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Maisonneuve, P" sort="Maisonneuve, P" uniqKey="Maisonneuve P" first="P." last="Maisonneuve">P. Maisonneuve</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff20">European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Duell, E J" sort="Duell, E J" uniqKey="Duell E" first="E. J." last="Duell">E. J. Duell</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff21">Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosetti, C" sort="Bosetti, C" uniqKey="Bosetti C" first="C." last="Bosetti">C. Bosetti</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boffetta, P" sort="Boffetta, P" uniqKey="Boffetta P" first="P." last="Boffetta">P. Boffetta</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff22">International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="aff23">The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Annals of Oncology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0923-7534</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1569-8041</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2011">2011</date>
</imprint>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>
<bold>Background:</bold>
Cigarette smoking is the best-characterized risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, data are limited for other tobacco smoking products and smokeless tobacco.</p>
<p>
<bold>Materials and methods:</bold>
We conducted a pooled analysis of cigar and pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use and risk of pancreatic cancer using data from 11 case–control studies (6056 cases and 11 338 controls) within the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4). Pooled odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by unconditional multiple logistic regression models adjusted for study center and selected covariates.</p>
<p>
<bold>Results:</bold>
Compared with never tobacco users, the OR for cigar-only smokers was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2–2.3), i.e. comparable to that of cigarette-only smokers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4–1.6). The OR was 1.1 (95% CI 0.69–1.6) for pipe-only smokers. There was some evidence of increasing risk with increasing amount of cigar smoked per day (OR 1.82 for ≥ 10 grams of tobacco), although not with duration. The OR for ever smokeless tobacco users as compared with never tobacco users was 0.98 (95% CI 0.75–1.3).</p>
<p>
<bold>Conclusion:</bold>
This collaborative analysis provides evidence that cigar smoking is associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, while no significant association emerged for pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ann Oncol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">annonc</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">annonc</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Annals of Oncology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0923-7534</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1569-8041</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21245160</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3139985</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/annonc/mdq613</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Original Articles</subject>
<subj-group>
<subject>Epidemiology</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Cigar and pipe smoking, smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic cancer: an analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bertuccio</surname>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>La Vecchia</surname>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Silverman</surname>
<given-names>D. T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Petersen</surname>
<given-names>G. M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bracci</surname>
<given-names>P. M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Negri</surname>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name>
<surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Risch</surname>
<given-names>H. A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Olson</surname>
<given-names>S. H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gallinger</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Miller</surname>
<given-names>A. B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bueno-de-Mesquita</surname>
<given-names>H. B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">12</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Talamini</surname>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">13</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Polesel</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">13</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ghadirian</surname>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">14</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Baghurst</surname>
<given-names>P. A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">15</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Zatonski</surname>
<given-names>W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">16</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fontham</surname>
<given-names>E. T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">17</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bamlet</surname>
<given-names>W. R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Holly</surname>
<given-names>E. A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Lucenteforte</surname>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hassan</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yu</surname>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kurtz</surname>
<given-names>R. C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">18</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Cotterchio</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">19</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Su</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Maisonneuve</surname>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">20</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Duell</surname>
<given-names>E. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">21</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bosetti</surname>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Boffetta</surname>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">22</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23">23</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
Department of Occupational Health, Section of Medical Statistics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
Mayo Clinic, Rochester</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
University of California, San Francisco</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
Toronto General Hospital</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff>
<aff id="aff13">
<label>13</label>
Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano, Italy</aff>
<aff id="aff14">
<label>14</label>
Epidemiology Research Unit, Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada</aff>
<aff id="aff15">
<label>15</label>
Public Health, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia</aff>
<aff id="aff16">
<label>16</label>
Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland</aff>
<aff id="aff17">
<label>17</label>
Louisiana State University, School of Public Health, New Orleans</aff>
<aff id="aff18">
<label>18</label>
Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff19">
<label>19</label>
Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada</aff>
<aff id="aff20">
<label>20</label>
European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy</aff>
<aff id="aff21">
<label>21</label>
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain</aff>
<aff id="aff22">
<label>22</label>
International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France</aff>
<aff id="aff23">
<label>23</label>
The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">
<label>*</label>
<italic>Correspondence to:</italic>
Dr P. Boffetta, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. Tel: +1-212-824-7073; Fax: +1-212-996-0407; E-mail:
<email>paolo.boffetta@mssm.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>6</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>1420</fpage>
<lpage>1426</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>25</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>08</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>10</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>© The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>
<bold>Background:</bold>
Cigarette smoking is the best-characterized risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, data are limited for other tobacco smoking products and smokeless tobacco.</p>
<p>
<bold>Materials and methods:</bold>
We conducted a pooled analysis of cigar and pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use and risk of pancreatic cancer using data from 11 case–control studies (6056 cases and 11 338 controls) within the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4). Pooled odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by unconditional multiple logistic regression models adjusted for study center and selected covariates.</p>
<p>
<bold>Results:</bold>
Compared with never tobacco users, the OR for cigar-only smokers was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2–2.3), i.e. comparable to that of cigarette-only smokers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4–1.6). The OR was 1.1 (95% CI 0.69–1.6) for pipe-only smokers. There was some evidence of increasing risk with increasing amount of cigar smoked per day (OR 1.82 for ≥ 10 grams of tobacco), although not with duration. The OR for ever smokeless tobacco users as compared with never tobacco users was 0.98 (95% CI 0.75–1.3).</p>
<p>
<bold>Conclusion:</bold>
This collaborative analysis provides evidence that cigar smoking is associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, while no significant association emerged for pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>cigar</kwd>
<kwd>pancreatic cancer</kwd>
<kwd>pooled analysis</kwd>
<kwd>smokeless tobacco</kwd>
<kwd>tobacco</kwd>
<kwd>pipe</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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