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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes</title><author><name sortKey="Klionsky, Daniel J" sort="Klionsky, Daniel J" uniqKey="Klionsky D" first="Daniel J." last="Klionsky">Daniel J. Klionsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Life Sciences Institute, and Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abeliovich, Hagai" sort="Abeliovich, Hagai" uniqKey="Abeliovich H" first="Hagai" last="Abeliovich">Hagai Abeliovich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Biochemistry and Food Science; Hebrew University; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agostinis, Patrizia" sort="Agostinis, Patrizia" uniqKey="Agostinis P" first="Patrizia" last="Agostinis">Patrizia Agostinis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Molecular Cell Biology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agrawal, Devendra K" sort="Agrawal, Devendra K" uniqKey="Agrawal D" first="Devendra K." last="Agrawal">Devendra K. Agrawal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Creighton University School of Medicine; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Omaha, Nebraska USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aliev, Gjumrakch" sort="Aliev, Gjumrakch" uniqKey="Aliev G" first="Gjumrakch" last="Aliev">Gjumrakch Aliev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Biology; College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Askew, David S" sort="Askew, David S" uniqKey="Askew D" first="David S." last="Askew">David S. Askew</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6"> Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baba, Misuzu" sort="Baba, Misuzu" uniqKey="Baba M" first="Misuzu" last="Baba">Misuzu Baba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7"> Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Japan Women’s University; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baehrecke, Eric H" sort="Baehrecke, Eric H" uniqKey="Baehrecke E" first="Eric H." last="Baehrecke">Eric H. Baehrecke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8"> Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bahr, Ben A" sort="Bahr, Ben A" uniqKey="Bahr B" first="Ben A." last="Bahr">Ben A. Bahr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9"> Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Connecticut; Storrs, Connecticut USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ballabio, Andrea" sort="Ballabio, Andrea" uniqKey="Ballabio A" first="Andrea" last="Ballabio">Andrea Ballabio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10"> Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine; Napoli, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bamber, Bruce A" sort="Bamber, Bruce A" uniqKey="Bamber B" first="Bruce A." last="Bamber">Bruce A. Bamber</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Toledo; Toledo, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bassham, Diane C" sort="Bassham, Diane C" uniqKey="Bassham D" first="Diane C." last="Bassham">Diane C. Bassham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, and Plant Sciences Institute; Iowa State University; Ames, Iowa USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergamini, Ettore" sort="Bergamini, Ettore" uniqKey="Bergamini E" first="Ettore" last="Bergamini">Ettore Bergamini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13"> Center for Research on Biology and Pathology of Aging; University of Pisa; Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bi, Xiaoning" sort="Bi, Xiaoning" uniqKey="Bi X" first="Xiaoning" last="Bi">Xiaoning Bi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14"> Basic Medical Sciences; Western University of Health Sciences; Pomona, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biard Piechaczyk, Martine" sort="Biard Piechaczyk, Martine" uniqKey="Biard Piechaczyk M" first="Martine" last="Biard-Piechaczyk">Martine Biard-Piechaczyk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15"> Centre d’études d’agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; CNRS UM1, UM2; Institut de Biologie; Montpellier, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blum, Janice S" sort="Blum, Janice S" uniqKey="Blum J" first="Janice S." last="Blum">Janice S. Blum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, Indiana USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bredesen, Dale E" sort="Bredesen, Dale E" uniqKey="Bredesen D" first="Dale E." last="Bredesen">Dale E. Bredesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17"> Buck Institute for Age Research; Novato, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodsky, Jeffrey L" sort="Brodsky, Jeffrey L" uniqKey="Brodsky J" first="Jeffrey L." last="Brodsky">Jeffrey L. Brodsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brumell, John H" sort="Brumell, John H" uniqKey="Brumell J" first="John H." last="Brumell">John H. Brumell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19"> Cell Biology Program; Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunk, Ulf T" sort="Brunk, Ulf T" uniqKey="Brunk U" first="Ulf T." last="Brunk">Ulf T. Brunk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20"> Division of Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bursch, Wilfried" sort="Bursch, Wilfried" uniqKey="Bursch W" first="Wilfried" last="Bursch">Wilfried Bursch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21"> Department of Medicine I; Division of Oncology; Institute of Cancer Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camougrand, Nadine" sort="Camougrand, Nadine" uniqKey="Camougrand N" first="Nadine" last="Camougrand">Nadine Camougrand</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22"> UMR5095; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cebollero, Eduardo" sort="Cebollero, Eduardo" uniqKey="Cebollero E" first="Eduardo" last="Cebollero">Eduardo Cebollero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23"> Department of Microbiology; Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales; Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cecconi, Francesco" sort="Cecconi, Francesco" uniqKey="Cecconi F" first="Francesco" last="Cecconi">Francesco Cecconi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24"> Dulbecco Telethon Institute—IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation and Department of Biology; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yingyu" sort="Chen, Yingyu" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yingyu" last="Chen">Yingyu Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25"> Department of Immunology; Peking University; Center for Human Disease Genomics; Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chin, Lih Shen" sort="Chin, Lih Shen" uniqKey="Chin L" first="Lih-Shen" last="Chin">Lih-Shen Chin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26"> Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Augustine" sort="Choi, Augustine" uniqKey="Choi A" first="Augustine" last="Choi">Augustine Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27"> Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Brigham & Womens Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Charleen T" sort="Chu, Charleen T" uniqKey="Chu C" first="Charleen T." last="Chu">Charleen T. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28"> Department of Pathology and Center for Neuroscience; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Jongkyeong" sort="Chung, Jongkyeong" uniqKey="Chung J" first="Jongkyeong" last="Chung">Jongkyeong Chung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29"> National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Cell Growth Regulation; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Republic of Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Peter G H" sort="Clarke, Peter G H" uniqKey="Clarke P" first="Peter G. H." last="Clarke">Peter G. H. Clarke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30"> Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de Morphologie; Université de Lausanne; Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Robert S B" sort="Clark, Robert S B" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Robert S. B." last="Clark">Robert S. B. Clark</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31"> Safar Center for Resuscitation Research; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Steven G" sort="Clarke, Steven G" uniqKey="Clarke S" first="Steven G." last="Clarke">Steven G. Clarke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32"> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clave, Corinne" sort="Clave, Corinne" uniqKey="Clave C" first="Corinne" last="Clavé">Corinne Clavé</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33"> Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Champignons; Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, John L" sort="Cleveland, John L" uniqKey="Cleveland J" first="John L." last="Cleveland">John L. Cleveland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Codogno, Patrice" sort="Codogno, Patrice" uniqKey="Codogno P" first="Patrice" last="Codogno">Patrice Codogno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colombo, Maria I" sort="Colombo, Maria I" uniqKey="Colombo M" first="María I." last="Colombo">María I. Colombo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36"> Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular-Instituto de Histología y Embriología; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET; Mendoza, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coto Montes, Ana" sort="Coto Montes, Ana" uniqKey="Coto Montes A" first="Ana" last="Coto-Montes">Ana Coto-Montes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37"> Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cregg, James M" sort="Cregg, James M" uniqKey="Cregg J" first="James M." last="Cregg">James M. Cregg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38"> Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Sciences; Claremont, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cuervo, Ana Maria" sort="Cuervo, Ana Maria" uniqKey="Cuervo A" first="Ana Maria" last="Cuervo">Ana Maria Cuervo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39"> Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debnath, Jayanta" sort="Debnath, Jayanta" uniqKey="Debnath J" first="Jayanta" last="Debnath">Jayanta Debnath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40"> Department of Pathology; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demarchi, Francesca" sort="Demarchi, Francesca" uniqKey="Demarchi F" first="Francesca" last="Demarchi">Francesca Demarchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41"> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Patrick B" sort="Dennis, Patrick B" uniqKey="Dennis P" first="Patrick B." last="Dennis">Patrick B. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42"> Department of Genome Science; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Phillip A" sort="Dennis, Phillip A" uniqKey="Dennis P" first="Phillip A." last="Dennis">Phillip A. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43"> Medical Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute/Navy Medical Oncology; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deretic, Vojo" sort="Deretic, Vojo" uniqKey="Deretic V" first="Vojo" last="Deretic">Vojo Deretic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44"> Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of New Mexico Health Science Center; Albuquerque, New Mexico USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Devenish, Rodney J" sort="Devenish, Rodney J" uniqKey="Devenish R" first="Rodney J." last="Devenish">Rodney J. Devenish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45"> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; and ARC Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Sano, Federica" sort="Di Sano, Federica" uniqKey="Di Sano F" first="Federica" last="Di Sano">Federica Di Sano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46"> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dice, J Fred" sort="Dice, J Fred" uniqKey="Dice J" first="J. Fred" last="Dice">J. Fred Dice</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47"> Department of Physiology; Tufts University; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Difiglia, Marian" sort="Difiglia, Marian" uniqKey="Difiglia M" first="Marian" last="Difiglia">Marian Difiglia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48"> Department of Neurology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dinesh Kumar, Savithramma" sort="Dinesh Kumar, Savithramma" uniqKey="Dinesh Kumar S" first="Savithramma" last="Dinesh-Kumar">Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49"> Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology; Yale University; New Haven, Connecticut</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Distelhorst, Clark W" sort="Distelhorst, Clark W" uniqKey="Distelhorst C" first="Clark W." last="Distelhorst">Clark W. Distelhorst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50"> Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Pathology; Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Djavaheri Mergny, Mojgan" sort="Djavaheri Mergny, Mojgan" uniqKey="Djavaheri Mergny M" first="Mojgan" last="Djavaheri-Mergny">Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dorsey, Frank C" sort="Dorsey, Frank C" uniqKey="Dorsey F" first="Frank C." last="Dorsey">Frank C. Dorsey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Droge, Wulf" sort="Droge, Wulf" uniqKey="Droge W" first="Wulf" last="Dröge">Wulf Dröge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51"> Immunotec Research Ltd.; Quebec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dron, Michel" sort="Dron, Michel" uniqKey="Dron M" first="Michel" last="Dron">Michel Dron</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52"> Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaires; INRA UR892; Jouy-en-Josas, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunn, William A" sort="Dunn, William A" uniqKey="Dunn W" first="William A." last="Dunn">William A. Dunn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duszenko, Michael" sort="Duszenko, Michael" uniqKey="Duszenko M" first="Michael" last="Duszenko">Michael Duszenko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54"> Department of Biochemistry; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eissa, N Tony" sort="Eissa, N Tony" uniqKey="Eissa N" first="N. Tony" last="Eissa">N. Tony Eissa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55"> Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elazar, Zvulun" sort="Elazar, Zvulun" uniqKey="Elazar Z" first="Zvulun" last="Elazar">Zvulun Elazar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56"> Department of Biological Chemistry; The Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esclatine, Audrey" sort="Esclatine, Audrey" uniqKey="Esclatine A" first="Audrey" last="Esclatine">Audrey Esclatine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eskelinen, Eeva Liisa" sort="Eskelinen, Eeva Liisa" uniqKey="Eskelinen E" first="Eeva-Liisa" last="Eskelinen">Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57"> Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fesus, Laszl" sort="Fesus, Laszl" uniqKey="Fesus L" first="Lászl" last="Fésüs">Lászl Fésüs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58"> Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Research Center for Molecular Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Finley, Kim D" sort="Finley, Kim D" uniqKey="Finley K" first="Kim D." last="Finley">Kim D. Finley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59"> Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory; The Salk Institute for Biological Studies; San Diego, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fuentes, Jose M" sort="Fuentes, Jose M" uniqKey="Fuentes J" first="José M." last="Fuentes">José M. Fuentes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60"> Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética; E.U. Enfermería; Universidad de Extremadura; Cáceres, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fueyo, Juan" sort="Fueyo, Juan" uniqKey="Fueyo J" first="Juan" last="Fueyo">Juan Fueyo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61"> Department of Neuro-Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fujisaki, Kozo" sort="Fujisaki, Kozo" uniqKey="Fujisaki K" first="Kozo" last="Fujisaki">Kozo Fujisaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62"> Department of Frontier Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galliot, Brigitte" sort="Galliot, Brigitte" uniqKey="Galliot B" first="Brigitte" last="Galliot">Brigitte Galliot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63"> Department of Zoology and Animal Biology; University of Geneva; Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Fen Biao" sort="Gao, Fen Biao" uniqKey="Gao F" first="Fen-Biao" last="Gao">Fen-Biao Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64"> Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease and Department of Neurology; University of California; San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gewirtz, David A" sort="Gewirtz, David A" uniqKey="Gewirtz D" first="David A." last="Gewirtz">David A. Gewirtz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65"> Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, Virginia USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibson, Spencer B" sort="Gibson, Spencer B" uniqKey="Gibson S" first="Spencer B." last="Gibson">Spencer B. Gibson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66"> Biochemistry and Medical Genetics; Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gohla, Antje" sort="Gohla, Antje" uniqKey="Gohla A" first="Antje" last="Gohla">Antje Gohla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67"> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldberg, Alfred L" sort="Goldberg, Alfred L" uniqKey="Goldberg A" first="Alfred L." last="Goldberg">Alfred L. Goldberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68"> Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Ramon" sort="Gonzalez, Ramon" uniqKey="Gonzalez R" first="Ramon" last="Gonzalez">Ramon Gonzalez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23"> Department of Microbiology; Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales; Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Estevez, Cristina" sort="Gonzalez Estevez, Cristina" uniqKey="Gonzalez Estevez C" first="Cristina" last="González-Estévez">Cristina González-Estévez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69"> Department of Developmental Genetics and Gene Control; Institute of Genetics; The University of Nottingham; Queen’s Medical Centre; Nottingham UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorski, Sharon" sort="Gorski, Sharon" uniqKey="Gorski S" first="Sharon" last="Gorski">Sharon Gorski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70"> Genome Sciences Center; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gottlieb, Roberta A" sort="Gottlieb, Roberta A" uniqKey="Gottlieb R" first="Roberta A." last="Gottlieb">Roberta A. Gottlieb</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71"> BioScience Center; San Diego State University, San Diego; San Diego, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Ussinger, Dieter" sort="H Ussinger, Dieter" uniqKey="H Ussinger D" first="Dieter" last="H Ussinger">Dieter H Ussinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72"> Deparment of Internal Medicine; Heinrich Heine Universität; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, You Wen" sort="He, You Wen" uniqKey="He Y" first="You-Wen" last="He">You-Wen He</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73"> Department of Immunology; Duke University Medical Center; Durham, North Carolina USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heidenreich, Kim" sort="Heidenreich, Kim" uniqKey="Heidenreich K" first="Kim" last="Heidenreich">Kim Heidenreich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Aurora, Colorado USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hill, Joseph A" sort="Hill, Joseph A" uniqKey="Hill J" first="Joseph A." last="Hill">Joseph A. Hill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75"> Division of Cardiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Yer Hansen, Maria" sort="H Yer Hansen, Maria" uniqKey="H Yer Hansen M" first="Maria" last="H Yer-Hansen">Maria H Yer-Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76"> Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research; Institute of Cancer Biology; Danish Cancer Society; Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Xun" sort="Hu, Xun" uniqKey="Hu X" first="Xun" last="Hu">Xun Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77"> Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Wei Pang" sort="Huang, Wei Pang" uniqKey="Huang W" first="Wei-Pang" last="Huang">Wei-Pang Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78"> Department of Life Science; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwasaki, Akiko" sort="Iwasaki, Akiko" uniqKey="Iwasaki A" first="Akiko" last="Iwasaki">Akiko Iwasaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79"> Department of Immunobiology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, Connecticut USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Ttel, Marja" sort="J Ttel, Marja" uniqKey="J Ttel M" first="Marja" last="J Ttel">Marja J Ttel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76"> Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research; Institute of Cancer Biology; Danish Cancer Society; Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, William T" sort="Jackson, William T" uniqKey="Jackson W" first="William T." last="Jackson">William T. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80"> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xuejun" sort="Jiang, Xuejun" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xuejun" last="Jiang">Xuejun Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81"> Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, Shengkan" sort="Jin, Shengkan" uniqKey="Jin S" first="Shengkan" last="Jin">Shengkan Jin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Piscataway, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansen, Terje" sort="Johansen, Terje" uniqKey="Johansen T" first="Terje" last="Johansen">Terje Johansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83"> Biochemistry Department; Institute of Medical Biology; University of Tromsø; Tromsø, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Jae U" sort="Jung, Jae U" uniqKey="Jung J" first="Jae U." last="Jung">Jae U. Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84"> Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology; University of Southern California Keck Medical School; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kadowaki, Motoni" sort="Kadowaki, Motoni" uniqKey="Kadowaki M" first="Motoni" last="Kadowaki">Motoni Kadowaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85"> Department of Applied Biological Chemistry; Niigata University; Niigata, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Chanhee" sort="Kang, Chanhee" uniqKey="Kang C" first="Chanhee" last="Kang">Chanhee Kang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86"> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelekar, Ameeta" sort="Kelekar, Ameeta" uniqKey="Kelekar A" first="Ameeta" last="Kelekar">Ameeta Kelekar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87"> Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota Cancer Center; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessel, David H" sort="Kessel, David H" uniqKey="Kessel D" first="David H." last="Kessel">David H. Kessel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88"> Department of Medicine & Pharmacology; Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiel, Jan A K W" sort="Kiel, Jan A K W" uniqKey="Kiel J" first="Jan A. K. W." last="Kiel">Jan A. K. W. Kiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89"> Molecular Cell Biology; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB); University of Groningen; Haren, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hong Pyo" sort="Kim, Hong Pyo" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hong Pyo" last="Kim">Hong Pyo Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90"> Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimchi, Adi" sort="Kimchi, Adi" uniqKey="Kimchi A" first="Adi" last="Kimchi">Adi Kimchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91"> Department of Molecular Genetics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kinsella, Timothy J" sort="Kinsella, Timothy J" uniqKey="Kinsella T" first="Timothy J." last="Kinsella">Timothy J. Kinsella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92"> Department of Radiation Oncology; University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiselyov, Kirill" sort="Kiselyov, Kirill" uniqKey="Kiselyov K" first="Kirill" last="Kiselyov">Kirill Kiselyov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kitamoto, Katsuhiko" sort="Kitamoto, Katsuhiko" uniqKey="Kitamoto K" first="Katsuhiko" last="Kitamoto">Katsuhiko Kitamoto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93"> Department of Biotechnology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knecht, Erwin" sort="Knecht, Erwin" uniqKey="Knecht E" first="Erwin" last="Knecht">Erwin Knecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94"> Department of Cell Biology; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komatsu, Masaaki" sort="Komatsu, Masaaki" uniqKey="Komatsu M" first="Masaaki" last="Komatsu">Masaaki Komatsu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95"> Laboratory of Frontier Science; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kominami, Eiki" sort="Kominami, Eiki" uniqKey="Kominami E" first="Eiki" last="Kominami">Eiki Kominami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96"> Department of Biochemistry; Juntendo University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, Seiji" sort="Kondo, Seiji" uniqKey="Kondo S" first="Seiji" last="Kondo">Seiji Kondo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97"> Department of Neurosurgery; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovacs, Attila L" sort="Kovacs, Attila L" uniqKey="Kovacs A" first="Attila L." last="Kovács">Attila L. Kovács</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98"> Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kroemer, Guido" sort="Kroemer, Guido" uniqKey="Kroemer G" first="Guido" last="Kroemer">Guido Kroemer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99"> INSERM U848; Institut Gustave Roussy, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Villejuif, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuan, Chia Yi" sort="Kuan, Chia Yi" uniqKey="Kuan C" first="Chia-Yi" last="Kuan">Chia-Yi Kuan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100"> Division of Developmental Biology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Rakesh" sort="Kumar, Rakesh" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Rakesh" last="Kumar">Rakesh Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101"> Molecular and Cellular Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kundu, Mondira" sort="Kundu, Mondira" uniqKey="Kundu M" first="Mondira" last="Kundu">Mondira Kundu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102"> Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landry, Jacques" sort="Landry, Jacques" uniqKey="Landry J" first="Jacques" last="Landry">Jacques Landry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103"> Laval University Cancer Research Center; Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laporte, Marianne" sort="Laporte, Marianne" uniqKey="Laporte M" first="Marianne" last="Laporte">Marianne Laporte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104"> Department of Biology; Eastern Michigan University; Ypsilanti, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le, Weidong" sort="Le, Weidong" uniqKey="Le W" first="Weidong" last="Le">Weidong Le</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105"> Institute of Health Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lei, Huan Yao" sort="Lei, Huan Yao" uniqKey="Lei H" first="Huan-Yao" last="Lei">Huan-Yao Lei</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; National Cheng Kung University; Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lenardo, Michael J" sort="Lenardo, Michael J" uniqKey="Lenardo M" first="Michael J." last="Lenardo">Michael J. Lenardo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107"> Molecular Development Section; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levine, Beth" sort="Levine, Beth" uniqKey="Levine B" first="Beth" last="Levine">Beth Levine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108"> Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lieberman, Andrew" sort="Lieberman, Andrew" uniqKey="Lieberman A" first="Andrew" last="Lieberman">Andrew Lieberman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109"> University of Michigan Medical School; Department of Pathology; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Kah Leong" sort="Lim, Kah Leong" uniqKey="Lim K" first="Kah-Leong" last="Lim">Kah-Leong Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110"> Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory; National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Fu Cheng" sort="Lin, Fu Cheng" uniqKey="Lin F" first="Fu-Cheng" last="Lin">Fu-Cheng Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111"> Biotechnology Institute; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liou, Willisa" sort="Liou, Willisa" uniqKey="Liou W" first="Willisa" last="Liou">Willisa Liou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112"> Department of Anatomy; Chang Gung University; Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Leroy F" sort="Liu, Leroy F" uniqKey="Liu L" first="Leroy F." last="Liu">Leroy F. Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Piscataway, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Berestein, Gabriel" sort="Lopez Berestein, Gabriel" uniqKey="Lopez Berestein G" first="Gabriel" last="Lopez-Berestein">Gabriel Lopez-Berestein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113"> Department of Experimental Therapeutics; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Otin, Carlos" sort="L Pez Otin, Carlos" uniqKey="L Pez Otin C" first="Carlos" last="L Pez-Otín">Carlos L Pez-Otín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114"> Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Instituto Universitario de Oncología; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Bo" sort="Lu, Bo" uniqKey="Lu B" first="Bo" last="Lu">Bo Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115"> Department of Radiation Oncology; Vanderbilt University; Nashville, Tennessee USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macleod, Kay F" sort="Macleod, Kay F" uniqKey="Macleod K" first="Kay F." last="Macleod">Kay F. Macleod</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116"> Ben May Department for Cancer Research; University of Chicago; Gordon Center for Integrative Sciences; Chicago, Illinois USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malorni, Walter" sort="Malorni, Walter" uniqKey="Malorni W" first="Walter" last="Malorni">Walter Malorni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117"> Drug Research and Evaluation; Istituto Superiore di Sanita; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinet, Wim" sort="Martinet, Wim" uniqKey="Martinet W" first="Wim" last="Martinet">Wim Martinet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Antwerp; Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsuoka, Ken" sort="Matsuoka, Ken" uniqKey="Matsuoka K" first="Ken" last="Matsuoka">Ken Matsuoka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119"> Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mautner, Josef" sort="Mautner, Josef" uniqKey="Mautner J" first="Josef" last="Mautner">Josef Mautner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120"> GSF—National Research Center for Environment and Health; Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Alfred J" sort="Meijer, Alfred J" uniqKey="Meijer A" first="Alfred J." last="Meijer">Alfred J. Meijer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121"> Department of Medical Biochemistry; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melendez, Alicia" sort="Melendez, Alicia" uniqKey="Melendez A" first="Alicia" last="Meléndez">Alicia Meléndez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122"> Biology Department; Queens College; City University of New York; Flushing, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michels, Paul" sort="Michels, Paul" uniqKey="Michels P" first="Paul" last="Michels">Paul Michels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123"> Research Unit for Tropical Diseases de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry; Université Catholique de Louvain; Brussels, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miotto, Giovanni" sort="Miotto, Giovanni" uniqKey="Miotto G" first="Giovanni" last="Miotto">Giovanni Miotto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124"> Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Padua; Padua, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mistiaen, Wilhelm P" sort="Mistiaen, Wilhelm P" uniqKey="Mistiaen W" first="Wilhelm P." last="Mistiaen">Wilhelm P. Mistiaen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125"> Department of Healthcare Sciences; The University College of Antwerp; Antwerp, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mizushima, Noboru" sort="Mizushima, Noboru" uniqKey="Mizushima N" first="Noboru" last="Mizushima">Noboru Mizushima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126"> Department of Physiology and Cell Biology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mograbi, Baharia" sort="Mograbi, Baharia" uniqKey="Mograbi B" first="Baharia" last="Mograbi">Baharia Mograbi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127"> INSERM ERI 21, and the Laboratoire de Pathologie Clinique et Expérimentale; IFR-50; Nice, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Monastyrska, Iryna" sort="Monastyrska, Iryna" uniqKey="Monastyrska I" first="Iryna" last="Monastyrska">Iryna Monastyrska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128"> Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Michael N" sort="Moore, Michael N" uniqKey="Moore M" first="Michael N." last="Moore">Michael N. Moore</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129"> Plymouth Marine Laboratory; Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moreira, Paula I" sort="Moreira, Paula I" uniqKey="Moreira P" first="Paula I." last="Moreira">Paula I. Moreira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130"> Institute of Physiology; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Coimbra, Portugal</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moriyasu, Yuji" sort="Moriyasu, Yuji" uniqKey="Moriyasu Y" first="Yuji" last="Moriyasu">Yuji Moriyasu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131"> Division of Life Science; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; Saitama, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Motyl, Tomasz" sort="Motyl, Tomasz" uniqKey="Motyl T" first="Tomasz" last="Motyl">Tomasz Motyl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132"> Department of Physiological Sciences; Warsaw Agricultural University; Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Munz, Christian" sort="Munz, Christian" uniqKey="Munz C" first="Christian" last="Münz">Christian Münz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133"> Laboratory of Viral Immunobiology; The Rockefeller University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Leon O" sort="Murphy, Leon O" uniqKey="Murphy L" first="Leon O." last="Murphy">Leon O. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134"> Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Cambridge, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naqvi, Naweed I" sort="Naqvi, Naweed I" uniqKey="Naqvi N" first="Naweed I." last="Naqvi">Naweed I. Naqvi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135"> Fungal Patho-Biology Group; Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neufeld, Thomas P" sort="Neufeld, Thomas P" uniqKey="Neufeld T" first="Thomas P." last="Neufeld">Thomas P. Neufeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136"> Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nishino, Ichizo" sort="Nishino, Ichizo" uniqKey="Nishino I" first="Ichizo" last="Nishino">Ichizo Nishino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137"> Department of Neuromuscular Research; National Institute of Neuroscience; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP); Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nixon, Ralph A" sort="Nixon, Ralph A" uniqKey="Nixon R" first="Ralph A." last="Nixon">Ralph A. Nixon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138"> Nathan Kline Institute; New York University School of Medicine; Orangeburg, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noda, Takeshi" sort="Noda, Takeshi" uniqKey="Noda T" first="Takeshi" last="Noda">Takeshi Noda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139"> Department of Cellular Regulation; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurnberg, Bernd" sort="Nurnberg, Bernd" uniqKey="Nurnberg B" first="Bernd" last="Nürnberg">Bernd Nürnberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140"> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, Michinaga" sort="Ogawa, Michinaga" uniqKey="Ogawa M" first="Michinaga" last="Ogawa">Michinaga Ogawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oleinick, Nancy L" sort="Oleinick, Nancy L" uniqKey="Oleinick N" first="Nancy L." last="Oleinick">Nancy L. Oleinick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142"> Departments of Radiation Oncology, Biochemistry and Environmental Health Sciences, and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsen, Laura J" sort="Olsen, Laura J" uniqKey="Olsen L" first="Laura J." last="Olsen">Laura J. Olsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143"> Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozpolat, Bulent" sort="Ozpolat, Bulent" uniqKey="Ozpolat B" first="Bulent" last="Ozpolat">Bulent Ozpolat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113"> Department of Experimental Therapeutics; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paglin, Shoshana" sort="Paglin, Shoshana" uniqKey="Paglin S" first="Shoshana" last="Paglin">Shoshana Paglin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144"> Department of Oncology; Chaim-Sheba Medical Center; Ramat-Gan, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmer, Glen E" sort="Palmer, Glen E" uniqKey="Palmer G" first="Glen E." last="Palmer">Glen E. Palmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145"> Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry; New Orleans, Louisiana USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papassideri, Issidora" sort="Papassideri, Issidora" uniqKey="Papassideri I" first="Issidora" last="Papassideri">Issidora Papassideri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146"> Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics; Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkes, Miles" sort="Parkes, Miles" uniqKey="Parkes M" first="Miles" last="Parkes">Miles Parkes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147"> Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group; Addenbrooke’s Hospital; University of Cambridge; Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perlmutter, David H" sort="Perlmutter, David H" uniqKey="Perlmutter D" first="David H." last="Perlmutter">David H. Perlmutter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148"> Department of Pediatrics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, George" sort="Perry, George" uniqKey="Perry G" first="George" last="Perry">George Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Biology; College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piacentini, Mauro" sort="Piacentini, Mauro" uniqKey="Piacentini M" first="Mauro" last="Piacentini">Mauro Piacentini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149"> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinkas Kramarski, Ronit" sort="Pinkas Kramarski, Ronit" uniqKey="Pinkas Kramarski R" first="Ronit" last="Pinkas-Kramarski">Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150"> Department of Neurobiochemistry; Tel-Aviv University; Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prescott, Mark" sort="Prescott, Mark" uniqKey="Prescott M" first="Mark" last="Prescott">Mark Prescott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151"> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Proikas Cezanne, Tassula" sort="Proikas Cezanne, Tassula" uniqKey="Proikas Cezanne T" first="Tassula" last="Proikas-Cezanne">Tassula Proikas-Cezanne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152"> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raben, Nina" sort="Raben, Nina" uniqKey="Raben N" first="Nina" last="Raben">Nina Raben</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153"> Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rami, Abdelhaq" sort="Rami, Abdelhaq" uniqKey="Rami A" first="Abdelhaq" last="Rami">Abdelhaq Rami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154"> Institute of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy; Anatomie III; Clinic of the JWG-University; Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reggiori, Fulvio" sort="Reggiori, Fulvio" uniqKey="Reggiori F" first="Fulvio" last="Reggiori">Fulvio Reggiori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128"> Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rohrer, B Rbel" sort="Rohrer, B Rbel" uniqKey="Rohrer B" first="B Rbel" last="Rohrer">B Rbel Rohrer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155"> Ophthalmology and Neurosciences Division; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinsztein, David C" sort="Rubinsztein, David C" uniqKey="Rubinsztein D" first="David C." last="Rubinsztein">David C. Rubinsztein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156"> Department of Medical Genetics; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research; Cambridge, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryan, Kevin M" sort="Ryan, Kevin M" uniqKey="Ryan K" first="Kevin M." last="Ryan">Kevin M. Ryan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A157"> Tumour Cell Death Laboratory; Beatson Institute for Cancer Research; Glasgow, Scotland UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadoshima, Junichi" sort="Sadoshima, Junichi" uniqKey="Sadoshima J" first="Junichi" last="Sadoshima">Junichi Sadoshima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158"> Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine; Cardiovascular Research Institute; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School; Newark, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakagami, Hiroshi" sort="Sakagami, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Sakagami H" first="Hiroshi" last="Sakagami">Hiroshi Sakagami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159"> Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences; Meikai University School of Dentistry; Sakado, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakai, Yasuyoshi" sort="Sakai, Yasuyoshi" uniqKey="Sakai Y" first="Yasuyoshi" last="Sakai">Yasuyoshi Sakai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160"> Division of Applied Life Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto, and JST; CREST; Kyoto, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandri, Marco" sort="Sandri, Marco" uniqKey="Sandri M" first="Marco" last="Sandri">Marco Sandri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161"> Department of Biomedical Science; University of Padova, Padova; and Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine; Padova, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasakawa, Chihiro" sort="Sasakawa, Chihiro" uniqKey="Sasakawa C" first="Chihiro" last="Sasakawa">Chihiro Sasakawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sass, Mikl S" sort="Sass, Mikl S" uniqKey="Sass M" first="Mikl S" last="Sass">Mikl S Sass</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98"> Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Claudio" sort="Schneider, Claudio" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Claudio" last="Schneider">Claudio Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163"> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seglen, Per O" sort="Seglen, Per O" uniqKey="Seglen P" first="Per O." last="Seglen">Per O. Seglen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164"> Department of Cell Biology; Institute for Cancer Research; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF and Department of Molecular Biosciences; University of Oslo; Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seleverstov, Oleksandr" sort="Seleverstov, Oleksandr" uniqKey="Seleverstov O" first="Oleksandr" last="Seleverstov">Oleksandr Seleverstov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165"> Department of Animal Science; University of Wyoming; Laramie, Wyoming USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Settleman, Jeffrey" sort="Settleman, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Settleman J" first="Jeffrey" last="Settleman">Jeffrey Settleman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166"> Cancer Center; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shacka, John J" sort="Shacka, John J" uniqKey="Shacka J" first="John J." last="Shacka">John J. Shacka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167"> Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, Alabama USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shapiro, Irving M" sort="Shapiro, Irving M" uniqKey="Shapiro I" first="Irving M." last="Shapiro">Irving M. Shapiro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168"> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sibirny, Andrei" sort="Sibirny, Andrei" uniqKey="Sibirny A" first="Andrei" last="Sibirny">Andrei Sibirny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169"> Institute of Cell Biology; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Lviv, Ukraine USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silva Zacarin, Elaine C M" sort="Silva Zacarin, Elaine C M" uniqKey="Silva Zacarin E" first="Elaine C. M." last="Silva-Zacarin">Elaine C. M. Silva-Zacarin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170"> Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Sorocaba, Brasil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, Hans Uwe" sort="Simon, Hans Uwe" uniqKey="Simon H" first="Hans-Uwe" last="Simon">Hans-Uwe Simon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Bern; Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simone, Cristiano" sort="Simone, Cristiano" uniqKey="Simone C" first="Cristiano" last="Simone">Cristiano Simone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172"> Department of Translational Pharmacology; Consorzio Mario Negri Sud; Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, Anne" sort="Simonsen, Anne" uniqKey="Simonsen A" first="Anne" last="Simonsen">Anne Simonsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173"> Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo, and Department of Biochemistry; The Norwegian Radium Hospital; Montebello, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Mark A" sort="Smith, Mark A" uniqKey="Smith M" first="Mark A." last="Smith">Mark A. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174"> Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spanel Borowski, Katharina" sort="Spanel Borowski, Katharina" uniqKey="Spanel Borowski K" first="Katharina" last="Spanel-Borowski">Katharina Spanel-Borowski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175"> Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Leipzig, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Srinivas, Vickram" sort="Srinivas, Vickram" uniqKey="Srinivas V" first="Vickram" last="Srinivas">Vickram Srinivas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168"> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steeves, Meredith" sort="Steeves, Meredith" uniqKey="Steeves M" first="Meredith" last="Steeves">Meredith Steeves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stenmark, Harald" sort="Stenmark, Harald" uniqKey="Stenmark H" first="Harald" last="Stenmark">Harald Stenmark</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173"> Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo, and Department of Biochemistry; The Norwegian Radium Hospital; Montebello, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stromhaug, Per E" sort="Stromhaug, Per E" uniqKey="Stromhaug P" first="Per E." last="Stromhaug">Per E. Stromhaug</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176"> Division of Biology; University of Missouri; Columbia, Missouri USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subauste, Carlos S" sort="Subauste, Carlos S" uniqKey="Subauste C" first="Carlos S." last="Subauste">Carlos S. Subauste</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177"> Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Institute of Pathology; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sugimoto, Seiichiro" sort="Sugimoto, Seiichiro" uniqKey="Sugimoto S" first="Seiichiro" last="Sugimoto">Seiichiro Sugimoto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178"> Department of Neurology; National Hospital Organization; Miyazaki Higashi Hospital; Miyazaki, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sulzer, David" sort="Sulzer, David" uniqKey="Sulzer D" first="David" last="Sulzer">David Sulzer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179"> Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Toshihiko" sort="Suzuki, Toshihiko" uniqKey="Suzuki T" first="Toshihiko" last="Suzuki">Toshihiko Suzuki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180"> Department of Microbiology; University of the Ryukyus; Okinawa, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swanson, Michele S" sort="Swanson, Michele S" uniqKey="Swanson M" first="Michele S." last="Swanson">Michele S. Swanson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabas, Ira" sort="Tabas, Ira" uniqKey="Tabas I" first="Ira" last="Tabas">Ira Tabas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182"> Department of Medicine; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Takeshita, Fumihiko" sort="Takeshita, Fumihiko" uniqKey="Takeshita F" first="Fumihiko" last="Takeshita">Fumihiko Takeshita</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183"> Department of Molecular Biodefense Research; Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talbot, Nicholas J" sort="Talbot, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Talbot N" first="Nicholas J." last="Talbot">Nicholas J. Talbot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184"> School of Biosciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tall Czy, Zsolt" sort="Tall Czy, Zsolt" uniqKey="Tall Czy Z" first="Zsolt" last="Tall Czy">Zsolt Tall Czy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179"> Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Keiji" sort="Tanaka, Keiji" uniqKey="Tanaka K" first="Keiji" last="Tanaka">Keiji Tanaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95"> Laboratory of Frontier Science; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Kozo" sort="Tanaka, Kozo" uniqKey="Tanaka K" first="Kozo" last="Tanaka">Kozo Tanaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185"> Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer; Center for Research Strategy and Support; Tohoku University; Miyagi, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanida, Isei" sort="Tanida, Isei" uniqKey="Tanida I" first="Isei" last="Tanida">Isei Tanida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186"> Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Graham S" sort="Taylor, Graham S" uniqKey="Taylor G" first="Graham S." last="Taylor">Graham S. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187"> CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies; University of Birmingham; Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, J Paul" sort="Taylor, J Paul" uniqKey="Taylor J" first="J. Paul" last="Taylor">J. Paul Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188"> Department of Neurology; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Terman, Alexei" sort="Terman, Alexei" uniqKey="Terman A" first="Alexei" last="Terman">Alexei Terman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189"> Division of Geriatric Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tettamanti, Gianluca" sort="Tettamanti, Gianluca" uniqKey="Tettamanti G" first="Gianluca" last="Tettamanti">Gianluca Tettamanti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190"> Department of Structural and Functional Biology; University of Insubria; Varese, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Craig B" sort="Thompson, Craig B" uniqKey="Thompson C" first="Craig B." last="Thompson">Craig B. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102"> Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thumm, Michael" sort="Thumm, Michael" uniqKey="Thumm M" first="Michael" last="Thumm">Michael Thumm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191"> Zentrum Biochemie und Molekulare Zellbiologie; Georg-August-Universitaet; Goettingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolkovsky, Aviva M" sort="Tolkovsky, Aviva M" uniqKey="Tolkovsky A" first="Aviva M." last="Tolkovsky">Aviva M. Tolkovsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192"> Department of Biochemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tooze, Sharon A" sort="Tooze, Sharon A" uniqKey="Tooze S" first="Sharon A." last="Tooze">Sharon A. Tooze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A193"> Secretory Pathways Laboratory; Cancer Research UK London Research Institute; London, England UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truant, Ray" sort="Truant, Ray" uniqKey="Truant R" first="Ray" last="Truant">Ray Truant</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194"> Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumanovska, Lesya V" sort="Tumanovska, Lesya V" uniqKey="Tumanovska L" first="Lesya V." last="Tumanovska">Lesya V. Tumanovska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195"> Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology; Kiev, Ukraine</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchiyama, Yasuo" sort="Uchiyama, Yasuo" uniqKey="Uchiyama Y" first="Yasuo" last="Uchiyama">Yasuo Uchiyama</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196"> Deptartment of Cell Biology and Neurosciences; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ueno, Takashi" sort="Ueno, Takashi" uniqKey="Ueno T" first="Takashi" last="Ueno">Takashi Ueno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96"> Department of Biochemistry; Juntendo University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uzcategui, Nestor L" sort="Uzcategui, Nestor L" uniqKey="Uzcategui N" first="Néstor L." last="Uzcátegui">Néstor L. Uzcátegui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197"> Escuela de Bioanálisis; Universidad Central de Venezuela; Caracas, Venezuela</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Klei, Ida" sort="Van Der Klei, Ida" uniqKey="Van Der Klei I" first="Ida" last="Van Der Klei">Ida Van Der Klei</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89"> Molecular Cell Biology; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB); University of Groningen; Haren, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vaquero, Eva C" sort="Vaquero, Eva C" uniqKey="Vaquero E" first="Eva C." last="Vaquero">Eva C. Vaquero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198"> Hospital Clínic; Division of Gastroenterology; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vellai, Tibor" sort="Vellai, Tibor" uniqKey="Vellai T" first="Tibor" last="Vellai">Tibor Vellai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199"> Department of Genetics; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vogel, Michael W" sort="Vogel, Michael W" uniqKey="Vogel M" first="Michael W." last="Vogel">Michael W. Vogel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200"> Maryland Psychiatric Research Center; Baltimore, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Hong Gang" sort="Wang, Hong Gang" uniqKey="Wang H" first="Hong-Gang" last="Wang">Hong-Gang Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201"> H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; Tampa, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Paul" sort="Webster, Paul" uniqKey="Webster P" first="Paul" last="Webster">Paul Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202"> Ahmanson Center for Advanced Electron Microscopy & Imaging; House Ear Institute; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, John W" sort="Wiley, John W" uniqKey="Wiley J" first="John W." last="Wiley">John W. Wiley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203"> Department of Internal Medicine; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xi, Zhijun" sort="Xi, Zhijun" uniqKey="Xi Z" first="Zhijun" last="Xi">Zhijun Xi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204"> Department of Urology; Peking University First Hospital; Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiao, Gutian" sort="Xiao, Gutian" uniqKey="Xiao G" first="Gutian" last="Xiao">Gutian Xiao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205"> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yahalom, Joachim" sort="Yahalom, Joachim" uniqKey="Yahalom J" first="Joachim" last="Yahalom">Joachim Yahalom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206"> Department of Radiation Oncology; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Jin Ming" sort="Yang, Jin Ming" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jin-Ming" last="Yang">Jin-Ming Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207"> The Cancer Institute of New Jersey; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; New Brunswick, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yap, George" sort="Yap, George" uniqKey="Yap G" first="George" last="Yap">George Yap</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208"> Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yin, Xiao Ming" sort="Yin, Xiao Ming" uniqKey="Yin X" first="Xiao-Ming" last="Yin">Xiao-Ming Yin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209"> Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoshimori, Tamotsu" sort="Yoshimori, Tamotsu" uniqKey="Yoshimori T" first="Tamotsu" last="Yoshimori">Tamotsu Yoshimori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139"> Department of Cellular Regulation; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Li" sort="Yu, Li" uniqKey="Yu L" first="Li" last="Yu">Li Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107"> Molecular Development Section; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yue, Zhenyu" sort="Yue, Zhenyu" uniqKey="Yue Z" first="Zhenyu" last="Yue">Zhenyu Yue</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210"> Department of Neurology and of Neuroscience; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuzaki, Michisuke" sort="Yuzaki, Michisuke" uniqKey="Yuzaki M" first="Michisuke" last="Yuzaki">Michisuke Yuzaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211"> Department of Neurophysiology; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabirnyk, Olga" sort="Zabirnyk, Olga" uniqKey="Zabirnyk O" first="Olga" last="Zabirnyk">Olga Zabirnyk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212"> Metabolism and Cancer Susceptibility Section; Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis; Center for Cancer Research; NCI—Frederick; National Institutes of Health; Frederick, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Xiaoxiang" sort="Zheng, Xiaoxiang" uniqKey="Zheng X" first="Xiaoxiang" last="Zheng">Xiaoxiang Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213"> Department of Biomedical Engineering; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Xiongwei" sort="Zhu, Xiongwei" uniqKey="Zhu X" first="Xiongwei" last="Zhu">Xiongwei Zhu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174"> Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deter, Russell L" sort="Deter, Russell L" uniqKey="Deter R" first="Russell L." last="Deter">Russell L. Deter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214"> Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">18188003</idno><idno type="pmc">2654259</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2654259</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2654259</idno><date when="2007">2007</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001437</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001437</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes</title><author><name sortKey="Klionsky, Daniel J" sort="Klionsky, Daniel J" uniqKey="Klionsky D" first="Daniel J." last="Klionsky">Daniel J. Klionsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Life Sciences Institute, and Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abeliovich, Hagai" sort="Abeliovich, Hagai" uniqKey="Abeliovich H" first="Hagai" last="Abeliovich">Hagai Abeliovich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Biochemistry and Food Science; Hebrew University; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agostinis, Patrizia" sort="Agostinis, Patrizia" uniqKey="Agostinis P" first="Patrizia" last="Agostinis">Patrizia Agostinis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Molecular Cell Biology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agrawal, Devendra K" sort="Agrawal, Devendra K" uniqKey="Agrawal D" first="Devendra K." last="Agrawal">Devendra K. Agrawal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Creighton University School of Medicine; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Omaha, Nebraska USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aliev, Gjumrakch" sort="Aliev, Gjumrakch" uniqKey="Aliev G" first="Gjumrakch" last="Aliev">Gjumrakch Aliev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Biology; College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Askew, David S" sort="Askew, David S" uniqKey="Askew D" first="David S." last="Askew">David S. Askew</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6"> Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baba, Misuzu" sort="Baba, Misuzu" uniqKey="Baba M" first="Misuzu" last="Baba">Misuzu Baba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7"> Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Japan Women’s University; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baehrecke, Eric H" sort="Baehrecke, Eric H" uniqKey="Baehrecke E" first="Eric H." last="Baehrecke">Eric H. Baehrecke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8"> Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bahr, Ben A" sort="Bahr, Ben A" uniqKey="Bahr B" first="Ben A." last="Bahr">Ben A. Bahr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9"> Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Connecticut; Storrs, Connecticut USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ballabio, Andrea" sort="Ballabio, Andrea" uniqKey="Ballabio A" first="Andrea" last="Ballabio">Andrea Ballabio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10"> Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine; Napoli, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bamber, Bruce A" sort="Bamber, Bruce A" uniqKey="Bamber B" first="Bruce A." last="Bamber">Bruce A. Bamber</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Toledo; Toledo, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bassham, Diane C" sort="Bassham, Diane C" uniqKey="Bassham D" first="Diane C." last="Bassham">Diane C. Bassham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, and Plant Sciences Institute; Iowa State University; Ames, Iowa USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergamini, Ettore" sort="Bergamini, Ettore" uniqKey="Bergamini E" first="Ettore" last="Bergamini">Ettore Bergamini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13"> Center for Research on Biology and Pathology of Aging; University of Pisa; Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bi, Xiaoning" sort="Bi, Xiaoning" uniqKey="Bi X" first="Xiaoning" last="Bi">Xiaoning Bi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14"> Basic Medical Sciences; Western University of Health Sciences; Pomona, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biard Piechaczyk, Martine" sort="Biard Piechaczyk, Martine" uniqKey="Biard Piechaczyk M" first="Martine" last="Biard-Piechaczyk">Martine Biard-Piechaczyk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15"> Centre d’études d’agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; CNRS UM1, UM2; Institut de Biologie; Montpellier, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blum, Janice S" sort="Blum, Janice S" uniqKey="Blum J" first="Janice S." last="Blum">Janice S. Blum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, Indiana USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bredesen, Dale E" sort="Bredesen, Dale E" uniqKey="Bredesen D" first="Dale E." last="Bredesen">Dale E. Bredesen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17"> Buck Institute for Age Research; Novato, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodsky, Jeffrey L" sort="Brodsky, Jeffrey L" uniqKey="Brodsky J" first="Jeffrey L." last="Brodsky">Jeffrey L. Brodsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brumell, John H" sort="Brumell, John H" uniqKey="Brumell J" first="John H." last="Brumell">John H. Brumell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19"> Cell Biology Program; Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brunk, Ulf T" sort="Brunk, Ulf T" uniqKey="Brunk U" first="Ulf T." last="Brunk">Ulf T. Brunk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20"> Division of Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bursch, Wilfried" sort="Bursch, Wilfried" uniqKey="Bursch W" first="Wilfried" last="Bursch">Wilfried Bursch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21"> Department of Medicine I; Division of Oncology; Institute of Cancer Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camougrand, Nadine" sort="Camougrand, Nadine" uniqKey="Camougrand N" first="Nadine" last="Camougrand">Nadine Camougrand</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22"> UMR5095; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cebollero, Eduardo" sort="Cebollero, Eduardo" uniqKey="Cebollero E" first="Eduardo" last="Cebollero">Eduardo Cebollero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23"> Department of Microbiology; Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales; Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cecconi, Francesco" sort="Cecconi, Francesco" uniqKey="Cecconi F" first="Francesco" last="Cecconi">Francesco Cecconi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24"> Dulbecco Telethon Institute—IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation and Department of Biology; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Yingyu" sort="Chen, Yingyu" uniqKey="Chen Y" first="Yingyu" last="Chen">Yingyu Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25"> Department of Immunology; Peking University; Center for Human Disease Genomics; Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chin, Lih Shen" sort="Chin, Lih Shen" uniqKey="Chin L" first="Lih-Shen" last="Chin">Lih-Shen Chin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26"> Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Augustine" sort="Choi, Augustine" uniqKey="Choi A" first="Augustine" last="Choi">Augustine Choi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27"> Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Brigham & Womens Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Charleen T" sort="Chu, Charleen T" uniqKey="Chu C" first="Charleen T." last="Chu">Charleen T. Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28"> Department of Pathology and Center for Neuroscience; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Jongkyeong" sort="Chung, Jongkyeong" uniqKey="Chung J" first="Jongkyeong" last="Chung">Jongkyeong Chung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29"> National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Cell Growth Regulation; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Republic of Korea</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Peter G H" sort="Clarke, Peter G H" uniqKey="Clarke P" first="Peter G. H." last="Clarke">Peter G. H. Clarke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30"> Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de Morphologie; Université de Lausanne; Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Robert S B" sort="Clark, Robert S B" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Robert S. B." last="Clark">Robert S. B. Clark</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31"> Safar Center for Resuscitation Research; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Steven G" sort="Clarke, Steven G" uniqKey="Clarke S" first="Steven G." last="Clarke">Steven G. Clarke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32"> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clave, Corinne" sort="Clave, Corinne" uniqKey="Clave C" first="Corinne" last="Clavé">Corinne Clavé</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33"> Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Champignons; Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, John L" sort="Cleveland, John L" uniqKey="Cleveland J" first="John L." last="Cleveland">John L. Cleveland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Codogno, Patrice" sort="Codogno, Patrice" uniqKey="Codogno P" first="Patrice" last="Codogno">Patrice Codogno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colombo, Maria I" sort="Colombo, Maria I" uniqKey="Colombo M" first="María I." last="Colombo">María I. Colombo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A36"> Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular-Instituto de Histología y Embriología; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET; Mendoza, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coto Montes, Ana" sort="Coto Montes, Ana" uniqKey="Coto Montes A" first="Ana" last="Coto-Montes">Ana Coto-Montes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37"> Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cregg, James M" sort="Cregg, James M" uniqKey="Cregg J" first="James M." last="Cregg">James M. Cregg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38"> Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Sciences; Claremont, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cuervo, Ana Maria" sort="Cuervo, Ana Maria" uniqKey="Cuervo A" first="Ana Maria" last="Cuervo">Ana Maria Cuervo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39"> Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debnath, Jayanta" sort="Debnath, Jayanta" uniqKey="Debnath J" first="Jayanta" last="Debnath">Jayanta Debnath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40"> Department of Pathology; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demarchi, Francesca" sort="Demarchi, Francesca" uniqKey="Demarchi F" first="Francesca" last="Demarchi">Francesca Demarchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41"> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Patrick B" sort="Dennis, Patrick B" uniqKey="Dennis P" first="Patrick B." last="Dennis">Patrick B. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42"> Department of Genome Science; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dennis, Phillip A" sort="Dennis, Phillip A" uniqKey="Dennis P" first="Phillip A." last="Dennis">Phillip A. Dennis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43"> Medical Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute/Navy Medical Oncology; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deretic, Vojo" sort="Deretic, Vojo" uniqKey="Deretic V" first="Vojo" last="Deretic">Vojo Deretic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44"> Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of New Mexico Health Science Center; Albuquerque, New Mexico USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Devenish, Rodney J" sort="Devenish, Rodney J" uniqKey="Devenish R" first="Rodney J." last="Devenish">Rodney J. Devenish</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45"> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; and ARC Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Sano, Federica" sort="Di Sano, Federica" uniqKey="Di Sano F" first="Federica" last="Di Sano">Federica Di Sano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46"> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dice, J Fred" sort="Dice, J Fred" uniqKey="Dice J" first="J. Fred" last="Dice">J. Fred Dice</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47"> Department of Physiology; Tufts University; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Difiglia, Marian" sort="Difiglia, Marian" uniqKey="Difiglia M" first="Marian" last="Difiglia">Marian Difiglia</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48"> Department of Neurology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dinesh Kumar, Savithramma" sort="Dinesh Kumar, Savithramma" uniqKey="Dinesh Kumar S" first="Savithramma" last="Dinesh-Kumar">Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49"> Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology; Yale University; New Haven, Connecticut</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Distelhorst, Clark W" sort="Distelhorst, Clark W" uniqKey="Distelhorst C" first="Clark W." last="Distelhorst">Clark W. Distelhorst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50"> Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Pathology; Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Djavaheri Mergny, Mojgan" sort="Djavaheri Mergny, Mojgan" uniqKey="Djavaheri Mergny M" first="Mojgan" last="Djavaheri-Mergny">Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dorsey, Frank C" sort="Dorsey, Frank C" uniqKey="Dorsey F" first="Frank C." last="Dorsey">Frank C. Dorsey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Droge, Wulf" sort="Droge, Wulf" uniqKey="Droge W" first="Wulf" last="Dröge">Wulf Dröge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51"> Immunotec Research Ltd.; Quebec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dron, Michel" sort="Dron, Michel" uniqKey="Dron M" first="Michel" last="Dron">Michel Dron</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52"> Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaires; INRA UR892; Jouy-en-Josas, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dunn, William A" sort="Dunn, William A" uniqKey="Dunn W" first="William A." last="Dunn">William A. Dunn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duszenko, Michael" sort="Duszenko, Michael" uniqKey="Duszenko M" first="Michael" last="Duszenko">Michael Duszenko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54"> Department of Biochemistry; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eissa, N Tony" sort="Eissa, N Tony" uniqKey="Eissa N" first="N. Tony" last="Eissa">N. Tony Eissa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55"> Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elazar, Zvulun" sort="Elazar, Zvulun" uniqKey="Elazar Z" first="Zvulun" last="Elazar">Zvulun Elazar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56"> Department of Biological Chemistry; The Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esclatine, Audrey" sort="Esclatine, Audrey" uniqKey="Esclatine A" first="Audrey" last="Esclatine">Audrey Esclatine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35"> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eskelinen, Eeva Liisa" sort="Eskelinen, Eeva Liisa" uniqKey="Eskelinen E" first="Eeva-Liisa" last="Eskelinen">Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57"> Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fesus, Laszl" sort="Fesus, Laszl" uniqKey="Fesus L" first="Lászl" last="Fésüs">Lászl Fésüs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58"> Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Research Center for Molecular Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Finley, Kim D" sort="Finley, Kim D" uniqKey="Finley K" first="Kim D." last="Finley">Kim D. Finley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59"> Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory; The Salk Institute for Biological Studies; San Diego, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fuentes, Jose M" sort="Fuentes, Jose M" uniqKey="Fuentes J" first="José M." last="Fuentes">José M. Fuentes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60"> Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética; E.U. Enfermería; Universidad de Extremadura; Cáceres, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fueyo, Juan" sort="Fueyo, Juan" uniqKey="Fueyo J" first="Juan" last="Fueyo">Juan Fueyo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61"> Department of Neuro-Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fujisaki, Kozo" sort="Fujisaki, Kozo" uniqKey="Fujisaki K" first="Kozo" last="Fujisaki">Kozo Fujisaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62"> Department of Frontier Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galliot, Brigitte" sort="Galliot, Brigitte" uniqKey="Galliot B" first="Brigitte" last="Galliot">Brigitte Galliot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63"> Department of Zoology and Animal Biology; University of Geneva; Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Fen Biao" sort="Gao, Fen Biao" uniqKey="Gao F" first="Fen-Biao" last="Gao">Fen-Biao Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64"> Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease and Department of Neurology; University of California; San Francisco, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gewirtz, David A" sort="Gewirtz, David A" uniqKey="Gewirtz D" first="David A." last="Gewirtz">David A. Gewirtz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65"> Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, Virginia USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibson, Spencer B" sort="Gibson, Spencer B" uniqKey="Gibson S" first="Spencer B." last="Gibson">Spencer B. Gibson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66"> Biochemistry and Medical Genetics; Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gohla, Antje" sort="Gohla, Antje" uniqKey="Gohla A" first="Antje" last="Gohla">Antje Gohla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67"> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldberg, Alfred L" sort="Goldberg, Alfred L" uniqKey="Goldberg A" first="Alfred L." last="Goldberg">Alfred L. Goldberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68"> Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Ramon" sort="Gonzalez, Ramon" uniqKey="Gonzalez R" first="Ramon" last="Gonzalez">Ramon Gonzalez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23"> Department of Microbiology; Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales; Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Estevez, Cristina" sort="Gonzalez Estevez, Cristina" uniqKey="Gonzalez Estevez C" first="Cristina" last="González-Estévez">Cristina González-Estévez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69"> Department of Developmental Genetics and Gene Control; Institute of Genetics; The University of Nottingham; Queen’s Medical Centre; Nottingham UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gorski, Sharon" sort="Gorski, Sharon" uniqKey="Gorski S" first="Sharon" last="Gorski">Sharon Gorski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70"> Genome Sciences Center; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gottlieb, Roberta A" sort="Gottlieb, Roberta A" uniqKey="Gottlieb R" first="Roberta A." last="Gottlieb">Roberta A. Gottlieb</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71"> BioScience Center; San Diego State University, San Diego; San Diego, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Ussinger, Dieter" sort="H Ussinger, Dieter" uniqKey="H Ussinger D" first="Dieter" last="H Ussinger">Dieter H Ussinger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72"> Deparment of Internal Medicine; Heinrich Heine Universität; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, You Wen" sort="He, You Wen" uniqKey="He Y" first="You-Wen" last="He">You-Wen He</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73"> Department of Immunology; Duke University Medical Center; Durham, North Carolina USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heidenreich, Kim" sort="Heidenreich, Kim" uniqKey="Heidenreich K" first="Kim" last="Heidenreich">Kim Heidenreich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Aurora, Colorado USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hill, Joseph A" sort="Hill, Joseph A" uniqKey="Hill J" first="Joseph A." last="Hill">Joseph A. Hill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75"> Division of Cardiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Yer Hansen, Maria" sort="H Yer Hansen, Maria" uniqKey="H Yer Hansen M" first="Maria" last="H Yer-Hansen">Maria H Yer-Hansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76"> Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research; Institute of Cancer Biology; Danish Cancer Society; Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Xun" sort="Hu, Xun" uniqKey="Hu X" first="Xun" last="Hu">Xun Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77"> Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Wei Pang" sort="Huang, Wei Pang" uniqKey="Huang W" first="Wei-Pang" last="Huang">Wei-Pang Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78"> Department of Life Science; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwasaki, Akiko" sort="Iwasaki, Akiko" uniqKey="Iwasaki A" first="Akiko" last="Iwasaki">Akiko Iwasaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79"> Department of Immunobiology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, Connecticut USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Ttel, Marja" sort="J Ttel, Marja" uniqKey="J Ttel M" first="Marja" last="J Ttel">Marja J Ttel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76"> Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research; Institute of Cancer Biology; Danish Cancer Society; Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, William T" sort="Jackson, William T" uniqKey="Jackson W" first="William T." last="Jackson">William T. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80"> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xuejun" sort="Jiang, Xuejun" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xuejun" last="Jiang">Xuejun Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81"> Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, Shengkan" sort="Jin, Shengkan" uniqKey="Jin S" first="Shengkan" last="Jin">Shengkan Jin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Piscataway, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johansen, Terje" sort="Johansen, Terje" uniqKey="Johansen T" first="Terje" last="Johansen">Terje Johansen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83"> Biochemistry Department; Institute of Medical Biology; University of Tromsø; Tromsø, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Jae U" sort="Jung, Jae U" uniqKey="Jung J" first="Jae U." last="Jung">Jae U. Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84"> Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology; University of Southern California Keck Medical School; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kadowaki, Motoni" sort="Kadowaki, Motoni" uniqKey="Kadowaki M" first="Motoni" last="Kadowaki">Motoni Kadowaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85"> Department of Applied Biological Chemistry; Niigata University; Niigata, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kang, Chanhee" sort="Kang, Chanhee" uniqKey="Kang C" first="Chanhee" last="Kang">Chanhee Kang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86"> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelekar, Ameeta" sort="Kelekar, Ameeta" uniqKey="Kelekar A" first="Ameeta" last="Kelekar">Ameeta Kelekar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87"> Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota Cancer Center; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessel, David H" sort="Kessel, David H" uniqKey="Kessel D" first="David H." last="Kessel">David H. Kessel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88"> Department of Medicine & Pharmacology; Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiel, Jan A K W" sort="Kiel, Jan A K W" uniqKey="Kiel J" first="Jan A. K. W." last="Kiel">Jan A. K. W. Kiel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89"> Molecular Cell Biology; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB); University of Groningen; Haren, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hong Pyo" sort="Kim, Hong Pyo" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hong Pyo" last="Kim">Hong Pyo Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90"> Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimchi, Adi" sort="Kimchi, Adi" uniqKey="Kimchi A" first="Adi" last="Kimchi">Adi Kimchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91"> Department of Molecular Genetics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kinsella, Timothy J" sort="Kinsella, Timothy J" uniqKey="Kinsella T" first="Timothy J." last="Kinsella">Timothy J. Kinsella</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92"> Department of Radiation Oncology; University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiselyov, Kirill" sort="Kiselyov, Kirill" uniqKey="Kiselyov K" first="Kirill" last="Kiselyov">Kirill Kiselyov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18"> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kitamoto, Katsuhiko" sort="Kitamoto, Katsuhiko" uniqKey="Kitamoto K" first="Katsuhiko" last="Kitamoto">Katsuhiko Kitamoto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93"> Department of Biotechnology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knecht, Erwin" sort="Knecht, Erwin" uniqKey="Knecht E" first="Erwin" last="Knecht">Erwin Knecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94"> Department of Cell Biology; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Komatsu, Masaaki" sort="Komatsu, Masaaki" uniqKey="Komatsu M" first="Masaaki" last="Komatsu">Masaaki Komatsu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95"> Laboratory of Frontier Science; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kominami, Eiki" sort="Kominami, Eiki" uniqKey="Kominami E" first="Eiki" last="Kominami">Eiki Kominami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96"> Department of Biochemistry; Juntendo University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, Seiji" sort="Kondo, Seiji" uniqKey="Kondo S" first="Seiji" last="Kondo">Seiji Kondo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97"> Department of Neurosurgery; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovacs, Attila L" sort="Kovacs, Attila L" uniqKey="Kovacs A" first="Attila L." last="Kovács">Attila L. Kovács</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98"> Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kroemer, Guido" sort="Kroemer, Guido" uniqKey="Kroemer G" first="Guido" last="Kroemer">Guido Kroemer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99"> INSERM U848; Institut Gustave Roussy, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Villejuif, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuan, Chia Yi" sort="Kuan, Chia Yi" uniqKey="Kuan C" first="Chia-Yi" last="Kuan">Chia-Yi Kuan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100"> Division of Developmental Biology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Rakesh" sort="Kumar, Rakesh" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="Rakesh" last="Kumar">Rakesh Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101"> Molecular and Cellular Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kundu, Mondira" sort="Kundu, Mondira" uniqKey="Kundu M" first="Mondira" last="Kundu">Mondira Kundu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102"> Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landry, Jacques" sort="Landry, Jacques" uniqKey="Landry J" first="Jacques" last="Landry">Jacques Landry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103"> Laval University Cancer Research Center; Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laporte, Marianne" sort="Laporte, Marianne" uniqKey="Laporte M" first="Marianne" last="Laporte">Marianne Laporte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104"> Department of Biology; Eastern Michigan University; Ypsilanti, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le, Weidong" sort="Le, Weidong" uniqKey="Le W" first="Weidong" last="Le">Weidong Le</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105"> Institute of Health Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lei, Huan Yao" sort="Lei, Huan Yao" uniqKey="Lei H" first="Huan-Yao" last="Lei">Huan-Yao Lei</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; National Cheng Kung University; Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lenardo, Michael J" sort="Lenardo, Michael J" uniqKey="Lenardo M" first="Michael J." last="Lenardo">Michael J. Lenardo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107"> Molecular Development Section; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levine, Beth" sort="Levine, Beth" uniqKey="Levine B" first="Beth" last="Levine">Beth Levine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108"> Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lieberman, Andrew" sort="Lieberman, Andrew" uniqKey="Lieberman A" first="Andrew" last="Lieberman">Andrew Lieberman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109"> University of Michigan Medical School; Department of Pathology; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Kah Leong" sort="Lim, Kah Leong" uniqKey="Lim K" first="Kah-Leong" last="Lim">Kah-Leong Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110"> Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory; National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Fu Cheng" sort="Lin, Fu Cheng" uniqKey="Lin F" first="Fu-Cheng" last="Lin">Fu-Cheng Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111"> Biotechnology Institute; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liou, Willisa" sort="Liou, Willisa" uniqKey="Liou W" first="Willisa" last="Liou">Willisa Liou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112"> Department of Anatomy; Chang Gung University; Taiwan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Leroy F" sort="Liu, Leroy F" uniqKey="Liu L" first="Leroy F." last="Liu">Leroy F. Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Piscataway, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lopez Berestein, Gabriel" sort="Lopez Berestein, Gabriel" uniqKey="Lopez Berestein G" first="Gabriel" last="Lopez-Berestein">Gabriel Lopez-Berestein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113"> Department of Experimental Therapeutics; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Otin, Carlos" sort="L Pez Otin, Carlos" uniqKey="L Pez Otin C" first="Carlos" last="L Pez-Otín">Carlos L Pez-Otín</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114"> Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Instituto Universitario de Oncología; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Bo" sort="Lu, Bo" uniqKey="Lu B" first="Bo" last="Lu">Bo Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115"> Department of Radiation Oncology; Vanderbilt University; Nashville, Tennessee USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macleod, Kay F" sort="Macleod, Kay F" uniqKey="Macleod K" first="Kay F." last="Macleod">Kay F. Macleod</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116"> Ben May Department for Cancer Research; University of Chicago; Gordon Center for Integrative Sciences; Chicago, Illinois USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malorni, Walter" sort="Malorni, Walter" uniqKey="Malorni W" first="Walter" last="Malorni">Walter Malorni</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117"> Drug Research and Evaluation; Istituto Superiore di Sanita; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinet, Wim" sort="Martinet, Wim" uniqKey="Martinet W" first="Wim" last="Martinet">Wim Martinet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Antwerp; Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsuoka, Ken" sort="Matsuoka, Ken" uniqKey="Matsuoka K" first="Ken" last="Matsuoka">Ken Matsuoka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119"> Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mautner, Josef" sort="Mautner, Josef" uniqKey="Mautner J" first="Josef" last="Mautner">Josef Mautner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120"> GSF—National Research Center for Environment and Health; Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, Alfred J" sort="Meijer, Alfred J" uniqKey="Meijer A" first="Alfred J." last="Meijer">Alfred J. Meijer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121"> Department of Medical Biochemistry; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melendez, Alicia" sort="Melendez, Alicia" uniqKey="Melendez A" first="Alicia" last="Meléndez">Alicia Meléndez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122"> Biology Department; Queens College; City University of New York; Flushing, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michels, Paul" sort="Michels, Paul" uniqKey="Michels P" first="Paul" last="Michels">Paul Michels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123"> Research Unit for Tropical Diseases de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry; Université Catholique de Louvain; Brussels, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miotto, Giovanni" sort="Miotto, Giovanni" uniqKey="Miotto G" first="Giovanni" last="Miotto">Giovanni Miotto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124"> Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Padua; Padua, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mistiaen, Wilhelm P" sort="Mistiaen, Wilhelm P" uniqKey="Mistiaen W" first="Wilhelm P." last="Mistiaen">Wilhelm P. Mistiaen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125"> Department of Healthcare Sciences; The University College of Antwerp; Antwerp, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mizushima, Noboru" sort="Mizushima, Noboru" uniqKey="Mizushima N" first="Noboru" last="Mizushima">Noboru Mizushima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A126"> Department of Physiology and Cell Biology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mograbi, Baharia" sort="Mograbi, Baharia" uniqKey="Mograbi B" first="Baharia" last="Mograbi">Baharia Mograbi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A127"> INSERM ERI 21, and the Laboratoire de Pathologie Clinique et Expérimentale; IFR-50; Nice, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Monastyrska, Iryna" sort="Monastyrska, Iryna" uniqKey="Monastyrska I" first="Iryna" last="Monastyrska">Iryna Monastyrska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128"> Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Michael N" sort="Moore, Michael N" uniqKey="Moore M" first="Michael N." last="Moore">Michael N. Moore</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A129"> Plymouth Marine Laboratory; Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moreira, Paula I" sort="Moreira, Paula I" uniqKey="Moreira P" first="Paula I." last="Moreira">Paula I. Moreira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A130"> Institute of Physiology; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Coimbra, Portugal</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moriyasu, Yuji" sort="Moriyasu, Yuji" uniqKey="Moriyasu Y" first="Yuji" last="Moriyasu">Yuji Moriyasu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A131"> Division of Life Science; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; Saitama, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Motyl, Tomasz" sort="Motyl, Tomasz" uniqKey="Motyl T" first="Tomasz" last="Motyl">Tomasz Motyl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A132"> Department of Physiological Sciences; Warsaw Agricultural University; Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Munz, Christian" sort="Munz, Christian" uniqKey="Munz C" first="Christian" last="Münz">Christian Münz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A133"> Laboratory of Viral Immunobiology; The Rockefeller University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, Leon O" sort="Murphy, Leon O" uniqKey="Murphy L" first="Leon O." last="Murphy">Leon O. Murphy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A134"> Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Cambridge, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naqvi, Naweed I" sort="Naqvi, Naweed I" uniqKey="Naqvi N" first="Naweed I." last="Naqvi">Naweed I. Naqvi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A135"> Fungal Patho-Biology Group; Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neufeld, Thomas P" sort="Neufeld, Thomas P" uniqKey="Neufeld T" first="Thomas P." last="Neufeld">Thomas P. Neufeld</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A136"> Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nishino, Ichizo" sort="Nishino, Ichizo" uniqKey="Nishino I" first="Ichizo" last="Nishino">Ichizo Nishino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A137"> Department of Neuromuscular Research; National Institute of Neuroscience; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP); Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nixon, Ralph A" sort="Nixon, Ralph A" uniqKey="Nixon R" first="Ralph A." last="Nixon">Ralph A. Nixon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A138"> Nathan Kline Institute; New York University School of Medicine; Orangeburg, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noda, Takeshi" sort="Noda, Takeshi" uniqKey="Noda T" first="Takeshi" last="Noda">Takeshi Noda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139"> Department of Cellular Regulation; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurnberg, Bernd" sort="Nurnberg, Bernd" uniqKey="Nurnberg B" first="Bernd" last="Nürnberg">Bernd Nürnberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A140"> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, Michinaga" sort="Ogawa, Michinaga" uniqKey="Ogawa M" first="Michinaga" last="Ogawa">Michinaga Ogawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A141"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oleinick, Nancy L" sort="Oleinick, Nancy L" uniqKey="Oleinick N" first="Nancy L." last="Oleinick">Nancy L. Oleinick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A142"> Departments of Radiation Oncology, Biochemistry and Environmental Health Sciences, and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsen, Laura J" sort="Olsen, Laura J" uniqKey="Olsen L" first="Laura J." last="Olsen">Laura J. Olsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A143"> Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ozpolat, Bulent" sort="Ozpolat, Bulent" uniqKey="Ozpolat B" first="Bulent" last="Ozpolat">Bulent Ozpolat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113"> Department of Experimental Therapeutics; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paglin, Shoshana" sort="Paglin, Shoshana" uniqKey="Paglin S" first="Shoshana" last="Paglin">Shoshana Paglin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A144"> Department of Oncology; Chaim-Sheba Medical Center; Ramat-Gan, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmer, Glen E" sort="Palmer, Glen E" uniqKey="Palmer G" first="Glen E." last="Palmer">Glen E. Palmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A145"> Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry; New Orleans, Louisiana USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papassideri, Issidora" sort="Papassideri, Issidora" uniqKey="Papassideri I" first="Issidora" last="Papassideri">Issidora Papassideri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A146"> Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics; Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkes, Miles" sort="Parkes, Miles" uniqKey="Parkes M" first="Miles" last="Parkes">Miles Parkes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A147"> Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group; Addenbrooke’s Hospital; University of Cambridge; Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perlmutter, David H" sort="Perlmutter, David H" uniqKey="Perlmutter D" first="David H." last="Perlmutter">David H. Perlmutter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A148"> Department of Pediatrics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, George" sort="Perry, George" uniqKey="Perry G" first="George" last="Perry">George Perry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Biology; College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piacentini, Mauro" sort="Piacentini, Mauro" uniqKey="Piacentini M" first="Mauro" last="Piacentini">Mauro Piacentini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A149"> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pinkas Kramarski, Ronit" sort="Pinkas Kramarski, Ronit" uniqKey="Pinkas Kramarski R" first="Ronit" last="Pinkas-Kramarski">Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A150"> Department of Neurobiochemistry; Tel-Aviv University; Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prescott, Mark" sort="Prescott, Mark" uniqKey="Prescott M" first="Mark" last="Prescott">Mark Prescott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A151"> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Proikas Cezanne, Tassula" sort="Proikas Cezanne, Tassula" uniqKey="Proikas Cezanne T" first="Tassula" last="Proikas-Cezanne">Tassula Proikas-Cezanne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A152"> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raben, Nina" sort="Raben, Nina" uniqKey="Raben N" first="Nina" last="Raben">Nina Raben</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A153"> Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rami, Abdelhaq" sort="Rami, Abdelhaq" uniqKey="Rami A" first="Abdelhaq" last="Rami">Abdelhaq Rami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A154"> Institute of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy; Anatomie III; Clinic of the JWG-University; Frankfurt, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reggiori, Fulvio" sort="Reggiori, Fulvio" uniqKey="Reggiori F" first="Fulvio" last="Reggiori">Fulvio Reggiori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A128"> Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rohrer, B Rbel" sort="Rohrer, B Rbel" uniqKey="Rohrer B" first="B Rbel" last="Rohrer">B Rbel Rohrer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A155"> Ophthalmology and Neurosciences Division; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinsztein, David C" sort="Rubinsztein, David C" uniqKey="Rubinsztein D" first="David C." last="Rubinsztein">David C. Rubinsztein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A156"> Department of Medical Genetics; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research; Cambridge, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ryan, Kevin M" sort="Ryan, Kevin M" uniqKey="Ryan K" first="Kevin M." last="Ryan">Kevin M. Ryan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A157"> Tumour Cell Death Laboratory; Beatson Institute for Cancer Research; Glasgow, Scotland UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadoshima, Junichi" sort="Sadoshima, Junichi" uniqKey="Sadoshima J" first="Junichi" last="Sadoshima">Junichi Sadoshima</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A158"> Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine; Cardiovascular Research Institute; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School; Newark, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakagami, Hiroshi" sort="Sakagami, Hiroshi" uniqKey="Sakagami H" first="Hiroshi" last="Sakagami">Hiroshi Sakagami</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A159"> Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences; Meikai University School of Dentistry; Sakado, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sakai, Yasuyoshi" sort="Sakai, Yasuyoshi" uniqKey="Sakai Y" first="Yasuyoshi" last="Sakai">Yasuyoshi Sakai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A160"> Division of Applied Life Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto, and JST; CREST; Kyoto, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandri, Marco" sort="Sandri, Marco" uniqKey="Sandri M" first="Marco" last="Sandri">Marco Sandri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A161"> Department of Biomedical Science; University of Padova, Padova; and Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine; Padova, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasakawa, Chihiro" sort="Sasakawa, Chihiro" uniqKey="Sasakawa C" first="Chihiro" last="Sasakawa">Chihiro Sasakawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A162"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sass, Mikl S" sort="Sass, Mikl S" uniqKey="Sass M" first="Mikl S" last="Sass">Mikl S Sass</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98"> Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Claudio" sort="Schneider, Claudio" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Claudio" last="Schneider">Claudio Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A163"> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seglen, Per O" sort="Seglen, Per O" uniqKey="Seglen P" first="Per O." last="Seglen">Per O. Seglen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A164"> Department of Cell Biology; Institute for Cancer Research; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF and Department of Molecular Biosciences; University of Oslo; Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seleverstov, Oleksandr" sort="Seleverstov, Oleksandr" uniqKey="Seleverstov O" first="Oleksandr" last="Seleverstov">Oleksandr Seleverstov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A165"> Department of Animal Science; University of Wyoming; Laramie, Wyoming USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Settleman, Jeffrey" sort="Settleman, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Settleman J" first="Jeffrey" last="Settleman">Jeffrey Settleman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A166"> Cancer Center; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shacka, John J" sort="Shacka, John J" uniqKey="Shacka J" first="John J." last="Shacka">John J. Shacka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A167"> Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, Alabama USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shapiro, Irving M" sort="Shapiro, Irving M" uniqKey="Shapiro I" first="Irving M." last="Shapiro">Irving M. Shapiro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168"> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sibirny, Andrei" sort="Sibirny, Andrei" uniqKey="Sibirny A" first="Andrei" last="Sibirny">Andrei Sibirny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A169"> Institute of Cell Biology; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Lviv, Ukraine USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Silva Zacarin, Elaine C M" sort="Silva Zacarin, Elaine C M" uniqKey="Silva Zacarin E" first="Elaine C. M." last="Silva-Zacarin">Elaine C. M. Silva-Zacarin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A170"> Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Sorocaba, Brasil</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, Hans Uwe" sort="Simon, Hans Uwe" uniqKey="Simon H" first="Hans-Uwe" last="Simon">Hans-Uwe Simon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A171"> Department of Pharmacology; University of Bern; Bern, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simone, Cristiano" sort="Simone, Cristiano" uniqKey="Simone C" first="Cristiano" last="Simone">Cristiano Simone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A172"> Department of Translational Pharmacology; Consorzio Mario Negri Sud; Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, Anne" sort="Simonsen, Anne" uniqKey="Simonsen A" first="Anne" last="Simonsen">Anne Simonsen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173"> Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo, and Department of Biochemistry; The Norwegian Radium Hospital; Montebello, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Mark A" sort="Smith, Mark A" uniqKey="Smith M" first="Mark A." last="Smith">Mark A. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174"> Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spanel Borowski, Katharina" sort="Spanel Borowski, Katharina" uniqKey="Spanel Borowski K" first="Katharina" last="Spanel-Borowski">Katharina Spanel-Borowski</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A175"> Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Leipzig, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Srinivas, Vickram" sort="Srinivas, Vickram" uniqKey="Srinivas V" first="Vickram" last="Srinivas">Vickram Srinivas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A168"> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steeves, Meredith" sort="Steeves, Meredith" uniqKey="Steeves M" first="Meredith" last="Steeves">Meredith Steeves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stenmark, Harald" sort="Stenmark, Harald" uniqKey="Stenmark H" first="Harald" last="Stenmark">Harald Stenmark</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A173"> Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo, and Department of Biochemistry; The Norwegian Radium Hospital; Montebello, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stromhaug, Per E" sort="Stromhaug, Per E" uniqKey="Stromhaug P" first="Per E." last="Stromhaug">Per E. Stromhaug</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A176"> Division of Biology; University of Missouri; Columbia, Missouri USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Subauste, Carlos S" sort="Subauste, Carlos S" uniqKey="Subauste C" first="Carlos S." last="Subauste">Carlos S. Subauste</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A177"> Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Institute of Pathology; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sugimoto, Seiichiro" sort="Sugimoto, Seiichiro" uniqKey="Sugimoto S" first="Seiichiro" last="Sugimoto">Seiichiro Sugimoto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A178"> Department of Neurology; National Hospital Organization; Miyazaki Higashi Hospital; Miyazaki, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sulzer, David" sort="Sulzer, David" uniqKey="Sulzer D" first="David" last="Sulzer">David Sulzer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179"> Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Toshihiko" sort="Suzuki, Toshihiko" uniqKey="Suzuki T" first="Toshihiko" last="Suzuki">Toshihiko Suzuki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A180"> Department of Microbiology; University of the Ryukyus; Okinawa, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swanson, Michele S" sort="Swanson, Michele S" uniqKey="Swanson M" first="Michele S." last="Swanson">Michele S. Swanson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A181"> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabas, Ira" sort="Tabas, Ira" uniqKey="Tabas I" first="Ira" last="Tabas">Ira Tabas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A182"> Department of Medicine; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Takeshita, Fumihiko" sort="Takeshita, Fumihiko" uniqKey="Takeshita F" first="Fumihiko" last="Takeshita">Fumihiko Takeshita</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A183"> Department of Molecular Biodefense Research; Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talbot, Nicholas J" sort="Talbot, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Talbot N" first="Nicholas J." last="Talbot">Nicholas J. Talbot</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A184"> School of Biosciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tall Czy, Zsolt" sort="Tall Czy, Zsolt" uniqKey="Tall Czy Z" first="Zsolt" last="Tall Czy">Zsolt Tall Czy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A179"> Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Keiji" sort="Tanaka, Keiji" uniqKey="Tanaka K" first="Keiji" last="Tanaka">Keiji Tanaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95"> Laboratory of Frontier Science; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanaka, Kozo" sort="Tanaka, Kozo" uniqKey="Tanaka K" first="Kozo" last="Tanaka">Kozo Tanaka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A185"> Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer; Center for Research Strategy and Support; Tohoku University; Miyagi, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanida, Isei" sort="Tanida, Isei" uniqKey="Tanida I" first="Isei" last="Tanida">Isei Tanida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A186"> Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Graham S" sort="Taylor, Graham S" uniqKey="Taylor G" first="Graham S." last="Taylor">Graham S. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A187"> CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies; University of Birmingham; Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, J Paul" sort="Taylor, J Paul" uniqKey="Taylor J" first="J. Paul" last="Taylor">J. Paul Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A188"> Department of Neurology; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Terman, Alexei" sort="Terman, Alexei" uniqKey="Terman A" first="Alexei" last="Terman">Alexei Terman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A189"> Division of Geriatric Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tettamanti, Gianluca" sort="Tettamanti, Gianluca" uniqKey="Tettamanti G" first="Gianluca" last="Tettamanti">Gianluca Tettamanti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A190"> Department of Structural and Functional Biology; University of Insubria; Varese, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Craig B" sort="Thompson, Craig B" uniqKey="Thompson C" first="Craig B." last="Thompson">Craig B. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102"> Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thumm, Michael" sort="Thumm, Michael" uniqKey="Thumm M" first="Michael" last="Thumm">Michael Thumm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A191"> Zentrum Biochemie und Molekulare Zellbiologie; Georg-August-Universitaet; Goettingen, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolkovsky, Aviva M" sort="Tolkovsky, Aviva M" uniqKey="Tolkovsky A" first="Aviva M." last="Tolkovsky">Aviva M. Tolkovsky</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A192"> Department of Biochemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tooze, Sharon A" sort="Tooze, Sharon A" uniqKey="Tooze S" first="Sharon A." last="Tooze">Sharon A. Tooze</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A193"> Secretory Pathways Laboratory; Cancer Research UK London Research Institute; London, England UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truant, Ray" sort="Truant, Ray" uniqKey="Truant R" first="Ray" last="Truant">Ray Truant</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A194"> Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumanovska, Lesya V" sort="Tumanovska, Lesya V" uniqKey="Tumanovska L" first="Lesya V." last="Tumanovska">Lesya V. Tumanovska</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A195"> Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology; Kiev, Ukraine</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchiyama, Yasuo" sort="Uchiyama, Yasuo" uniqKey="Uchiyama Y" first="Yasuo" last="Uchiyama">Yasuo Uchiyama</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A196"> Deptartment of Cell Biology and Neurosciences; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ueno, Takashi" sort="Ueno, Takashi" uniqKey="Ueno T" first="Takashi" last="Ueno">Takashi Ueno</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96"> Department of Biochemistry; Juntendo University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uzcategui, Nestor L" sort="Uzcategui, Nestor L" uniqKey="Uzcategui N" first="Néstor L." last="Uzcátegui">Néstor L. Uzcátegui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A197"> Escuela de Bioanálisis; Universidad Central de Venezuela; Caracas, Venezuela</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Klei, Ida" sort="Van Der Klei, Ida" uniqKey="Van Der Klei I" first="Ida" last="Van Der Klei">Ida Van Der Klei</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89"> Molecular Cell Biology; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB); University of Groningen; Haren, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vaquero, Eva C" sort="Vaquero, Eva C" uniqKey="Vaquero E" first="Eva C." last="Vaquero">Eva C. Vaquero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A198"> Hospital Clínic; Division of Gastroenterology; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vellai, Tibor" sort="Vellai, Tibor" uniqKey="Vellai T" first="Tibor" last="Vellai">Tibor Vellai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A199"> Department of Genetics; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vogel, Michael W" sort="Vogel, Michael W" uniqKey="Vogel M" first="Michael W." last="Vogel">Michael W. Vogel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A200"> Maryland Psychiatric Research Center; Baltimore, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Hong Gang" sort="Wang, Hong Gang" uniqKey="Wang H" first="Hong-Gang" last="Wang">Hong-Gang Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A201"> H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; Tampa, Florida USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Paul" sort="Webster, Paul" uniqKey="Webster P" first="Paul" last="Webster">Paul Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A202"> Ahmanson Center for Advanced Electron Microscopy & Imaging; House Ear Institute; Los Angeles, California USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, John W" sort="Wiley, John W" uniqKey="Wiley J" first="John W." last="Wiley">John W. Wiley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A203"> Department of Internal Medicine; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xi, Zhijun" sort="Xi, Zhijun" uniqKey="Xi Z" first="Zhijun" last="Xi">Zhijun Xi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A204"> Department of Urology; Peking University First Hospital; Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiao, Gutian" sort="Xiao, Gutian" uniqKey="Xiao G" first="Gutian" last="Xiao">Gutian Xiao</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A205"> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yahalom, Joachim" sort="Yahalom, Joachim" uniqKey="Yahalom J" first="Joachim" last="Yahalom">Joachim Yahalom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A206"> Department of Radiation Oncology; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Jin Ming" sort="Yang, Jin Ming" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jin-Ming" last="Yang">Jin-Ming Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A207"> The Cancer Institute of New Jersey; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; New Brunswick, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yap, George" sort="Yap, George" uniqKey="Yap G" first="George" last="Yap">George Yap</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A208"> Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yin, Xiao Ming" sort="Yin, Xiao Ming" uniqKey="Yin X" first="Xiao-Ming" last="Yin">Xiao-Ming Yin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A209"> Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoshimori, Tamotsu" sort="Yoshimori, Tamotsu" uniqKey="Yoshimori T" first="Tamotsu" last="Yoshimori">Tamotsu Yoshimori</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A139"> Department of Cellular Regulation; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Li" sort="Yu, Li" uniqKey="Yu L" first="Li" last="Yu">Li Yu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107"> Molecular Development Section; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yue, Zhenyu" sort="Yue, Zhenyu" uniqKey="Yue Z" first="Zhenyu" last="Yue">Zhenyu Yue</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A210"> Department of Neurology and of Neuroscience; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York, New York USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuzaki, Michisuke" sort="Yuzaki, Michisuke" uniqKey="Yuzaki M" first="Michisuke" last="Yuzaki">Michisuke Yuzaki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A211"> Department of Neurophysiology; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabirnyk, Olga" sort="Zabirnyk, Olga" uniqKey="Zabirnyk O" first="Olga" last="Zabirnyk">Olga Zabirnyk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A212"> Metabolism and Cancer Susceptibility Section; Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis; Center for Cancer Research; NCI—Frederick; National Institutes of Health; Frederick, Maryland USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Xiaoxiang" sort="Zheng, Xiaoxiang" uniqKey="Zheng X" first="Xiaoxiang" last="Zheng">Xiaoxiang Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A213"> Department of Biomedical Engineering; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Xiongwei" sort="Zhu, Xiongwei" uniqKey="Zhu X" first="Xiongwei" last="Zhu">Xiongwei Zhu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A174"> Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deter, Russell L" sort="Deter, Russell L" uniqKey="Deter R" first="Russell L." last="Deter">Russell L. Deter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A214"> Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Autophagy</title><idno type="ISSN">1554-8627</idno><idno type="eISSN">1554-8635</idno><imprint><date when="2007">2007</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Research in autophagy continues to accelerate,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref> and as a result many new scientists are entering the field. Accordingly, it is important to establish a standard set of criteria for monitoring macroautophagy in different organisms. Recent reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref> There are many useful and convenient methods that can be used to monitor macroautophagy in yeast, but relatively few in other model systems, and there is much confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure macroautophagy in higher eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers of autophagosomes versus those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway; thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from fully functional autophagy that includes delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of the methods that can be used by investigators who are attempting to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as by reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that investigate these processes. This set of guidelines is not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to verify an autophagic response.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="EN"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">101265188</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">33022</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Autophagy</journal-id><journal-title>Autophagy</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">1554-8627</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1554-8635</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18188003</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2654259</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS96070</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Klionsky</surname><given-names>Daniel J.</given-names></name><xref rid="A1" ref-type="aff">1</xref></contrib><contrib 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contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yoshimori</surname><given-names>Tamotsu</given-names></name><xref rid="A139" ref-type="aff">139</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>Li</given-names></name><xref rid="A107" ref-type="aff">107</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yue</surname><given-names>Zhenyu</given-names></name><xref rid="A210" ref-type="aff">210</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yuzaki</surname><given-names>Michisuke</given-names></name><xref rid="A211" ref-type="aff">211</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zabirnyk</surname><given-names>Olga</given-names></name><xref rid="A212" ref-type="aff">212</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zheng</surname><given-names>Xiaoxiang</given-names></name><xref rid="A213" ref-type="aff">213</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhu</surname><given-names>Xiongwei</given-names></name><xref rid="A174" ref-type="aff">174</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Deter</surname><given-names>Russell L.</given-names></name><xref rid="A214" ref-type="aff">214</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label> Life Sciences Institute, and Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and Biological Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label> Department of Biochemistry and Food Science; Hebrew University; Rehovot, Israel</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label> Department of Molecular Cell Biology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label> Creighton University School of Medicine; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Omaha, Nebraska USA</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label> Department of Biology; College of Sciences; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label> Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label> Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Japan Women’s University; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label> Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label> Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Connecticut; Storrs, Connecticut USA</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label> Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine; Napoli, Italy</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Toledo; Toledo, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label> Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, and Plant Sciences Institute; Iowa State University; Ames, Iowa USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label> Center for Research on Biology and Pathology of Aging; University of Pisa; Pisa, Italy</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label> Basic Medical Sciences; Western University of Health Sciences; Pomona, California USA</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label> Centre d’études d’agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; CNRS UM1, UM2; Institut de Biologie; Montpellier, France</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, Indiana USA</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label> Buck Institute for Age Research; Novato, California USA</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label> Department of Biological Sciences; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label> Cell Biology Program; Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label> Division of Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label> Department of Medicine I; Division of Oncology; Institute of Cancer Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label> UMR5095; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label> Department of Microbiology; Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales; Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label> Dulbecco Telethon Institute—IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation and Department of Biology; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label> Department of Immunology; Peking University; Center for Human Disease Genomics; Beijing, China</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label> Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, Georgia USA</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label> Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Brigham & Womens Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label> Department of Pathology and Center for Neuroscience; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label> National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Cell Growth Regulation; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Republic of Korea</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label> Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de Morphologie; Université de Lausanne; Lausanne, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label> Safar Center for Resuscitation Research; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, California USA</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label> Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Champignons; Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires; CNRS; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label> Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Jupiter, Florida USA</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label> INSERM U756, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Châtenay-Malabry, France</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label> Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular-Instituto de Histología y Embriología; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET; Mendoza, Argentina</aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label> Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label> Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Sciences; Claremont, California USA</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label> Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York USA</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label> Department of Pathology; University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, California USA</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label> Department of Genome Science; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label> Medical Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute/Navy Medical Oncology; Bethesda, Maryland USA</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label> Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of New Mexico Health Science Center; Albuquerque, New Mexico USA</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; and ARC Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label> Department of Physiology; Tufts University; Boston, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label> Department of Neurology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label> Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology; Yale University; New Haven, Connecticut</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label> Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Pathology; Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label> Immunotec Research Ltd.; Quebec, Canada</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label> Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaires; INRA UR892; Jouy-en-Josas, France</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label> Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville, Florida USA</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label> Department of Biochemistry; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label> Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label> Department of Biological Chemistry; The Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label> Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label> Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Research Center for Molecular Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen, Hungary</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label> Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory; The Salk Institute for Biological Studies; San Diego, California USA</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label> Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED); Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética; E.U. Enfermería; Universidad de Extremadura; Cáceres, Spain</aff><aff id="A61"><label>61</label> Department of Neuro-Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas; Houston, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A62"><label>62</label> Department of Frontier Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima, Japan</aff><aff id="A63"><label>63</label> Department of Zoology and Animal Biology; University of Geneva; Geneva, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A64"><label>64</label> Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease and Department of Neurology; University of California; San Francisco, California USA</aff><aff id="A65"><label>65</label> Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, Virginia USA</aff><aff id="A66"><label>66</label> Biochemistry and Medical Genetics; Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</aff><aff id="A67"><label>67</label> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany</aff><aff id="A68"><label>68</label> Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A69"><label>69</label> Department of Developmental Genetics and Gene Control; Institute of Genetics; The University of Nottingham; Queen’s Medical Centre; Nottingham UK</aff><aff id="A70"><label>70</label> Genome Sciences Center; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada</aff><aff id="A71"><label>71</label> BioScience Center; San Diego State University, San Diego; San Diego, California USA</aff><aff id="A72"><label>72</label> Deparment of Internal Medicine; Heinrich Heine Universität; Düsseldorf, Germany</aff><aff id="A73"><label>73</label> Department of Immunology; Duke University Medical Center; Durham, North Carolina USA</aff><aff id="A74"><label>74</label> Department of Pharmacology; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Aurora, Colorado USA</aff><aff id="A75"><label>75</label> Division of Cardiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A76"><label>76</label> Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research; Institute of Cancer Biology; Danish Cancer Society; Copenhagen, Denmark</aff><aff id="A77"><label>77</label> Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China</aff><aff id="A78"><label>78</label> Department of Life Science; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan</aff><aff id="A79"><label>79</label> Department of Immunobiology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, Connecticut USA</aff><aff id="A80"><label>80</label> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA</aff><aff id="A81"><label>81</label> Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A82"><label>82</label> Department of Pharmacology; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Piscataway, New Jersey USA</aff><aff id="A83"><label>83</label> Biochemistry Department; Institute of Medical Biology; University of Tromsø; Tromsø, Norway</aff><aff id="A84"><label>84</label> Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology; University of Southern California Keck Medical School; Los Angeles, California USA</aff><aff id="A85"><label>85</label> Department of Applied Biological Chemistry; Niigata University; Niigata, Japan</aff><aff id="A86"><label>86</label> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A87"><label>87</label> Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota Cancer Center; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</aff><aff id="A88"><label>88</label> Department of Medicine & Pharmacology; Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A89"><label>89</label> Molecular Cell Biology; Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB); University of Groningen; Haren, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A90"><label>90</label> Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A91"><label>91</label> Department of Molecular Genetics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot, Israel</aff><aff id="A92"><label>92</label> Department of Radiation Oncology; University Hospitals of Cleveland; Cleveland, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A93"><label>93</label> Department of Biotechnology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A94"><label>94</label> Department of Cell Biology; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia, Spain</aff><aff id="A95"><label>95</label> Laboratory of Frontier Science; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A96"><label>96</label> Department of Biochemistry; Juntendo University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A97"><label>97</label> Department of Neurosurgery; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A98"><label>98</label> Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</aff><aff id="A99"><label>99</label> INSERM U848; Institut Gustave Roussy, and the Université Paris-Sud 11; Villejuif, France</aff><aff id="A100"><label>100</label> Division of Developmental Biology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation; Cincinnati, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A101"><label>101</label> Molecular and Cellular Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A102"><label>102</label> Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A103"><label>103</label> Laval University Cancer Research Center; Québec, Canada</aff><aff id="A104"><label>104</label> Department of Biology; Eastern Michigan University; Ypsilanti, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A105"><label>105</label> Institute of Health Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai, China</aff><aff id="A106"><label>106</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; National Cheng Kung University; Taiwan</aff><aff id="A107"><label>107</label> Molecular Development Section; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</aff><aff id="A108"><label>108</label> Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A109"><label>109</label> University of Michigan Medical School; Department of Pathology; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A110"><label>110</label> Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory; National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore</aff><aff id="A111"><label>111</label> Biotechnology Institute; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, China</aff><aff id="A112"><label>112</label> Department of Anatomy; Chang Gung University; Taiwan</aff><aff id="A113"><label>113</label> Department of Experimental Therapeutics; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas USA</aff><aff id="A114"><label>114</label> Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Instituto Universitario de Oncología; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain</aff><aff id="A115"><label>115</label> Department of Radiation Oncology; Vanderbilt University; Nashville, Tennessee USA</aff><aff id="A116"><label>116</label> Ben May Department for Cancer Research; University of Chicago; Gordon Center for Integrative Sciences; Chicago, Illinois USA</aff><aff id="A117"><label>117</label> Drug Research and Evaluation; Istituto Superiore di Sanita; Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="A118"><label>118</label> Department of Pharmacology; University of Antwerp; Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium</aff><aff id="A119"><label>119</label> Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka, Japan</aff><aff id="A120"><label>120</label> GSF—National Research Center for Environment and Health; Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A121"><label>121</label> Department of Medical Biochemistry; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A122"><label>122</label> Biology Department; Queens College; City University of New York; Flushing, New York USA</aff><aff id="A123"><label>123</label> Research Unit for Tropical Diseases de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry; Université Catholique de Louvain; Brussels, Belgium</aff><aff id="A124"><label>124</label> Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Padua; Padua, Italy</aff><aff id="A125"><label>125</label> Department of Healthcare Sciences; The University College of Antwerp; Antwerp, Belgium</aff><aff id="A126"><label>126</label> Department of Physiology and Cell Biology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A127"><label>127</label> INSERM ERI 21, and the Laboratoire de Pathologie Clinique et Expérimentale; IFR-50; Nice, France</aff><aff id="A128"><label>128</label> Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A129"><label>129</label> Plymouth Marine Laboratory; Plymouth, UK</aff><aff id="A130"><label>130</label> Institute of Physiology; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Coimbra, Portugal</aff><aff id="A131"><label>131</label> Division of Life Science; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; Saitama, Japan</aff><aff id="A132"><label>132</label> Department of Physiological Sciences; Warsaw Agricultural University; Warsaw, Poland</aff><aff id="A133"><label>133</label> Laboratory of Viral Immunobiology; The Rockefeller University; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A134"><label>134</label> Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Cambridge, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A135"><label>135</label> Fungal Patho-Biology Group; Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore</aff><aff id="A136"><label>136</label> Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, Minnesota USA</aff><aff id="A137"><label>137</label> Department of Neuromuscular Research; National Institute of Neuroscience; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP); Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A138"><label>138</label> Nathan Kline Institute; New York University School of Medicine; Orangeburg, New York USA</aff><aff id="A139"><label>139</label> Department of Cellular Regulation; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan</aff><aff id="A140"><label>140</label> Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II; Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf, Germany</aff><aff id="A141"><label>141</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A142"><label>142</label> Departments of Radiation Oncology, Biochemistry and Environmental Health Sciences, and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A143"><label>143</label> Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A144"><label>144</label> Department of Oncology; Chaim-Sheba Medical Center; Ramat-Gan, Israel</aff><aff id="A145"><label>145</label> Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry; New Orleans, Louisiana USA</aff><aff id="A146"><label>146</label> Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics; Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece</aff><aff id="A147"><label>147</label> Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group; Addenbrooke’s Hospital; University of Cambridge; Cambridge, UK</aff><aff id="A148"><label>148</label> Department of Pediatrics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A149"><label>149</label> Department of Biology; University of Tor Vergata; via della Ricerca Scientifica; Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="A150"><label>150</label> Department of Neurobiochemistry; Tel-Aviv University; Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel</aff><aff id="A151"><label>151</label> Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A152"><label>152</label> Department of Molecular Biology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany</aff><aff id="A153"><label>153</label> Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA</aff><aff id="A154"><label>154</label> Institute of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy; Anatomie III; Clinic of the JWG-University; Frankfurt, Germany</aff><aff id="A155"><label>155</label> Ophthalmology and Neurosciences Division; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina USA</aff><aff id="A156"><label>156</label> Department of Medical Genetics; Cambridge Institute for Medical Research; Cambridge, United Kingdom</aff><aff id="A157"><label>157</label> Tumour Cell Death Laboratory; Beatson Institute for Cancer Research; Glasgow, Scotland UK</aff><aff id="A158"><label>158</label> Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine; Cardiovascular Research Institute; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School; Newark, New Jersey USA</aff><aff id="A159"><label>159</label> Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences; Meikai University School of Dentistry; Sakado, Japan</aff><aff id="A160"><label>160</label> Division of Applied Life Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto, and JST; CREST; Kyoto, Japan</aff><aff id="A161"><label>161</label> Department of Biomedical Science; University of Padova, Padova; and Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine; Padova, Italy</aff><aff id="A162"><label>162</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A163"><label>163</label> Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy</aff><aff id="A164"><label>164</label> Department of Cell Biology; Institute for Cancer Research; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF and Department of Molecular Biosciences; University of Oslo; Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A165"><label>165</label> Department of Animal Science; University of Wyoming; Laramie, Wyoming USA</aff><aff id="A166"><label>166</label> Cancer Center; Massachusetts General Hospital; Charlestown, Massachusetts USA</aff><aff id="A167"><label>167</label> Department of Pathology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, Alabama USA</aff><aff id="A168"><label>168</label> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A169"><label>169</label> Institute of Cell Biology; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Lviv, Ukraine USA</aff><aff id="A170"><label>170</label> Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Sorocaba, Brasil</aff><aff id="A171"><label>171</label> Department of Pharmacology; University of Bern; Bern, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A172"><label>172</label> Department of Translational Pharmacology; Consorzio Mario Negri Sud; Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy</aff><aff id="A173"><label>173</label> Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo, and Department of Biochemistry; The Norwegian Radium Hospital; Montebello, Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A174"><label>174</label> Department of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A175"><label>175</label> Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Leipzig, Germany</aff><aff id="A176"><label>176</label> Division of Biology; University of Missouri; Columbia, Missouri USA</aff><aff id="A177"><label>177</label> Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Institute of Pathology; Cleveland, Ohio USA</aff><aff id="A178"><label>178</label> Department of Neurology; National Hospital Organization; Miyazaki Higashi Hospital; Miyazaki, Japan</aff><aff id="A179"><label>179</label> Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A180"><label>180</label> Department of Microbiology; University of the Ryukyus; Okinawa, Japan</aff><aff id="A181"><label>181</label> Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A182"><label>182</label> Department of Medicine; Columbia University; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A183"><label>183</label> Department of Molecular Biodefense Research; Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama, Japan</aff><aff id="A184"><label>184</label> School of Biosciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK</aff><aff id="A185"><label>185</label> Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer; Center for Research Strategy and Support; Tohoku University; Miyagi, Japan</aff><aff id="A186"><label>186</label> Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A187"><label>187</label> CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies; University of Birmingham; Birmingham, UK</aff><aff id="A188"><label>188</label> Department of Neurology; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A189"><label>189</label> Division of Geriatric Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden</aff><aff id="A190"><label>190</label> Department of Structural and Functional Biology; University of Insubria; Varese, Italy</aff><aff id="A191"><label>191</label> Zentrum Biochemie und Molekulare Zellbiologie; Georg-August-Universitaet; Goettingen, Germany</aff><aff id="A192"><label>192</label> Department of Biochemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK</aff><aff id="A193"><label>193</label> Secretory Pathways Laboratory; Cancer Research UK London Research Institute; London, England UK</aff><aff id="A194"><label>194</label> Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="A195"><label>195</label> Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology; Kiev, Ukraine</aff><aff id="A196"><label>196</label> Deptartment of Cell Biology and Neurosciences; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka, Japan</aff><aff id="A197"><label>197</label> Escuela de Bioanálisis; Universidad Central de Venezuela; Caracas, Venezuela</aff><aff id="A198"><label>198</label> Hospital Clínic; Division of Gastroenterology; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</aff><aff id="A199"><label>199</label> Department of Genetics; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest, Hungary</aff><aff id="A200"><label>200</label> Maryland Psychiatric Research Center; Baltimore, Maryland USA</aff><aff id="A201"><label>201</label> H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; Tampa, Florida USA</aff><aff id="A202"><label>202</label> Ahmanson Center for Advanced Electron Microscopy & Imaging; House Ear Institute; Los Angeles, California USA</aff><aff id="A203"><label>203</label> Department of Internal Medicine; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan USA</aff><aff id="A204"><label>204</label> Department of Urology; Peking University First Hospital; Beijing, China</aff><aff id="A205"><label>205</label> Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A206"><label>206</label> Department of Radiation Oncology; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A207"><label>207</label> The Cancer Institute of New Jersey; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; New Brunswick, New Jersey USA</aff><aff id="A208"><label>208</label> Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey USA</aff><aff id="A209"><label>209</label> Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA</aff><aff id="A210"><label>210</label> Department of Neurology and of Neuroscience; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York, New York USA</aff><aff id="A211"><label>211</label> Department of Neurophysiology; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="A212"><label>212</label> Metabolism and Cancer Susceptibility Section; Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis; Center for Cancer Research; NCI—Frederick; National Institutes of Health; Frederick, Maryland USA</aff><aff id="A213"><label>213</label> Department of Biomedical Engineering; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang, China</aff><aff id="A214"><label>214</label> Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1"><label>*</label>Correspondence to: Daniel J. Klionsky; University of Michigan; Life Sciences Institute; Rm. 6036; 210 Washtenaw Ave.; Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2216 USA; Tel.: 734.615.6556; Fax: 734.763.6492; Email: <email>klionsky@umich.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>19</day><month>2</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>16</day><month>2</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>11</day><month>3</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>175</lpage><related-article journal-id-type="nlm-ta" journal-id="Autophagy" related-article-type="commentary" page="139" id="N0x1c7a7d0N0x2995d28" xlink:href="18188002" ext-link-type="pubmed" vol="4"></related-article><abstract><p id="P1">Research in autophagy continues to accelerate,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref> and as a result many new scientists are entering the field. Accordingly, it is important to establish a standard set of criteria for monitoring macroautophagy in different organisms. Recent reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref> There are many useful and convenient methods that can be used to monitor macroautophagy in yeast, but relatively few in other model systems, and there is much confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure macroautophagy in higher eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers of autophagosomes versus those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway; thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from fully functional autophagy that includes delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of the methods that can be used by investigators who are attempting to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as by reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that investigate these processes. This set of guidelines is not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to verify an autophagic response.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>autolysosome</kwd><kwd>autophagosome</kwd><kwd>flux</kwd><kwd>lysosome</kwd><kwd>phagophore</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>vacuole</kwd></kwd-group><contract-num rid="GM1">R01 GM075061-03</contract-num><contract-sponsor id="GM1">National Institute of General Medical Sciences : NIGMS</contract-sponsor></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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