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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Environmental Response and Autoregulation of <italic>Clostridium difficile</italic> TxeR, a Sigma Factor for Toxin Gene Expression</title><author><name sortKey="Mani, Nagraj" sort="Mani, Nagraj" uniqKey="Mani N" first="Nagraj" last="Mani">Nagraj Mani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyras, Dena" sort="Lyras, Dena" uniqKey="Lyras D" first="Dena" last="Lyras">Dena Lyras</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barroso, Lisa" sort="Barroso, Lisa" uniqKey="Barroso L" first="Lisa" last="Barroso">Lisa Barroso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Howarth, Pauline" sort="Howarth, Pauline" uniqKey="Howarth P" first="Pauline" last="Howarth">Pauline Howarth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkins, Tracy" sort="Wilkins, Tracy" uniqKey="Wilkins T" first="Tracy" last="Wilkins">Tracy Wilkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rood, Julian I" sort="Rood, Julian I" uniqKey="Rood J" first="Julian I." last="Rood">Julian I. Rood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sonenshein, Abraham L" sort="Sonenshein, Abraham L" uniqKey="Sonenshein A" first="Abraham L." last="Sonenshein">Abraham L. Sonenshein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dupuy, Bruno" sort="Dupuy, Bruno" uniqKey="Dupuy B" first="Bruno" last="Dupuy">Bruno Dupuy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">12374831</idno><idno type="pmc">135396</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC135396</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:135396</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JB.184.21.5971-5978.2002</idno><date when="2002">2002</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001000</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001000</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Environmental Response and Autoregulation of <italic>Clostridium difficile</italic> TxeR, a Sigma Factor for Toxin Gene Expression</title><author><name sortKey="Mani, Nagraj" sort="Mani, Nagraj" uniqKey="Mani N" first="Nagraj" last="Mani">Nagraj Mani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyras, Dena" sort="Lyras, Dena" uniqKey="Lyras D" first="Dena" last="Lyras">Dena Lyras</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barroso, Lisa" sort="Barroso, Lisa" uniqKey="Barroso L" first="Lisa" last="Barroso">Lisa Barroso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Howarth, Pauline" sort="Howarth, Pauline" uniqKey="Howarth P" first="Pauline" last="Howarth">Pauline Howarth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkins, Tracy" sort="Wilkins, Tracy" uniqKey="Wilkins T" first="Tracy" last="Wilkins">Tracy Wilkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rood, Julian I" sort="Rood, Julian I" uniqKey="Rood J" first="Julian I." last="Rood">Julian I. Rood</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sonenshein, Abraham L" sort="Sonenshein, Abraham L" uniqKey="Sonenshein A" first="Abraham L." last="Sonenshein">Abraham L. Sonenshein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dupuy, Bruno" sort="Dupuy, Bruno" uniqKey="Dupuy B" first="Bruno" last="Dupuy">Bruno Dupuy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Bacteriology</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-9193</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5530</idno><imprint><date when="2002">2002</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>TxeR, a sigma factor that directs <italic>Clostridium difficile</italic> RNA polymerase to recognize the promoters of two major toxin genes, was shown to stimulate its own synthesis. Whether expressed in <italic>C. difficile</italic>, <italic>Clostridium perfringens</italic>, or <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, TxeR stimulated transcription of fusions of the <italic>txeR</italic> promoter region to reporter genes. As is the case for the <italic>tox</italic> genes, <italic>txeR</italic> expression was responsive to the cellular growth phase and the constituents of the medium. That is, the level of expression in broth culture was low during the exponential growth phase, but rapidly increased as cells approached the stationary phase. In the presence of excess glucose, expression from the <italic>txeR</italic> promoter was repressed. The results support a model for toxin gene expression in which synthesis of TxeR is induced by specific environmental signals. The increased level of TxeR then permits high-level expression of the toxin genes. The study of <italic>txeR</italic> gene regulation in <italic>C. difficile</italic> was made possible by introduction of a mobilizable, replicative plasmid via conjugation with <italic>E. coli</italic>.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Bacteriol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jb</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Bacteriology</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-9193</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5530</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">12374831</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">135396</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0617</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JB.184.21.5971-5978.2002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Molecular Biology of Pathogens</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Environmental Response and Autoregulation of <italic>Clostridium difficile</italic> TxeR, a Sigma Factor for Toxin Gene Expression</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mani</surname><given-names>Nagraj</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">†</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lyras</surname><given-names>Dena</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barroso</surname><given-names>Lisa</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Howarth</surname><given-names>Pauline</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wilkins</surname><given-names>Tracy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rood</surname><given-names>Julian I.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sonenshein</surname><given-names>Abraham L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dupuy</surname><given-names>Bruno</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">4</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111,<label>1</label> Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia,<label>2</label> Fralin Biotechnology Center, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061,<label>3</label> Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Bactérienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France<label>4</label></aff><author-notes><fn id="cor1"><label>*</label><p>Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02111. Phone: (617) 636-6761. Fax: (617) 636-0337. E-mail: <email>linc.sonenshein@tufts.edu</email>.</p></fn><fn id="fn1"><label>†</label><p>Present address: Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139.</p></fn><fn id="fn2"><label>‡</label><p>Present address: TechLab, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2002</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>21</issue><fpage>5971</fpage><lpage>5978</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>23</day><month>5</month><year>2002</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>8</month><year>2002</year></date></history><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2002</copyright-year><abstract><p>TxeR, a sigma factor that directs <italic>Clostridium difficile</italic> RNA polymerase to recognize the promoters of two major toxin genes, was shown to stimulate its own synthesis. Whether expressed in <italic>C. difficile</italic>, <italic>Clostridium perfringens</italic>, or <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, TxeR stimulated transcription of fusions of the <italic>txeR</italic> promoter region to reporter genes. As is the case for the <italic>tox</italic> genes, <italic>txeR</italic> expression was responsive to the cellular growth phase and the constituents of the medium. That is, the level of expression in broth culture was low during the exponential growth phase, but rapidly increased as cells approached the stationary phase. In the presence of excess glucose, expression from the <italic>txeR</italic> promoter was repressed. The results support a model for toxin gene expression in which synthesis of TxeR is induced by specific environmental signals. The increased level of TxeR then permits high-level expression of the toxin genes. The study of <italic>txeR</italic> gene regulation in <italic>C. difficile</italic> was made possible by introduction of a mobilizable, replicative plasmid via conjugation with <italic>E. coli</italic>.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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