Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study
Identifieur interne : 000484 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000483; suivant : 000485Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study
Auteurs : Luz Boyero ; Richard G. Pearson ; Cang Hui ; Mark O. Gessner ; Javier Pérez ; Markos A. Alexandrou ; Manuel A. S. Graça ; Bradley J. Cardinale ; Ricardo J. Albari O ; Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam ; Leon A. Barmuta ; Andrew J. Boulton ; Andreas Bruder ; Marcos Callisto ; Eric Chauvet ; Russell G. Death ; David Dudgeon ; Andrea C. Encalada ; Ver Nica Ferreira ; Ricardo Figueroa ; Alexander S. Flecker ; José F. Gonçalves ; Julie Helson ; Tomoya Iwata ; Tajang Jinggut ; Jude Mathooko ; Catherine Mathuriau ; Charles M'Erimba ; Marcelo S. Moretti ; Catherine M. Pringle ; Alonso Ramírez ; Lavenia Ratnarajah ; José Rincon ; Catherine M. YuleSource :
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8452 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Plant litter breakdown is a key ecological process in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Streams and rivers, in particular, contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes. However, there is little information available on the relative roles of different drivers of plant litter breakdown in fresh waters, particularly at large scales. We present a global-scale study of litter breakdown in streams to compare the roles of biotic, climatic and other environmental factors on breakdown rates. We conducted an experiment in 24 streams encompassing latitudes from 47.8° N to 42.8° S, using litter mixtures of local species differing in quality and phylogenetic diversity (PD), and alder (
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DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2664
PubMed: 27122551
PubMed Central: 4855373
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study</title><author><name sortKey="Boyero, Luz" sort="Boyero, Luz" uniqKey="Boyero L" first="Luz" last="Boyero">Luz Boyero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Faculty of Science and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)</institution>,<addr-line>48940 Leioa</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>IKERBASQUE</addr-line>,<institution>Basque Foundation for Science</institution>,<addr-line>48013 Bilbao</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and TropWater</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville, Queensland 4811</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Richard G" sort="Pearson, Richard G" uniqKey="Pearson R" first="Richard G." last="Pearson">Richard G. Pearson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and TropWater</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville, Queensland 4811</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hui, Cang" sort="Hui, Cang" uniqKey="Hui C" first="Cang" last="Hui">Cang Hui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Stellenbosch</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>African Institute for Mathematical Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Muizenburg 7945</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gessner, Mark O" sort="Gessner, Mark O" uniqKey="Gessner M" first="Mark O." last="Gessner">Mark O. Gessner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><addr-line>Department of Experimental Limnology</addr-line>,<institution>Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB)</institution>,<addr-line>16775 Stechlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><addr-line>Department of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin)</institution>,<addr-line>10587 Berlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Javier" sort="Perez, Javier" uniqKey="Perez J" first="Javier" last="Pérez">Javier Pérez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Faculty of Science and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)</institution>,<addr-line>48940 Leioa</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alexandrou, Markos A" sort="Alexandrou, Markos A" uniqKey="Alexandrou M" first="Markos A." last="Alexandrou">Markos A. Alexandrou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of California</institution>,<addr-line>Santa Barbara, CA 93106</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graca, Manuel A S" sort="Graca, Manuel A S" uniqKey="Graca M" first="Manuel A. S." last="Graça">Manuel A. S. Graça</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardinale, Bradley J" sort="Cardinale, Bradley J" uniqKey="Cardinale B" first="Bradley J." last="Cardinale">Bradley J. Cardinale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>School of Natural Resources and Environment</addr-line>,<institution>University of Michigan</institution>,<addr-line>Ann Arbor, MI 48109</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albari O, Ricardo J" sort="Albari O, Ricardo J" uniqKey="Albari O R" first="Ricardo J." last="Albari O">Ricardo J. Albari O</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af11"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Fotobiologia, INIBIOMA, CONICET</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional del Comahue</institution>,<addr-line>Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche</addr-line>,<country>Argentina</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arunachalam, Muthukumarasamy" sort="Arunachalam, Muthukumarasamy" uniqKey="Arunachalam M" first="Muthukumarasamy" last="Arunachalam">Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af12"><addr-line>Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Manonmaniam Sundaranar University</institution>,<addr-line>Alwarkurichi, 627412 Tamil Nadu</addr-line>,<country>India</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barmuta, Leon A" sort="Barmuta, Leon A" uniqKey="Barmuta L" first="Leon A." last="Barmuta">Leon A. Barmuta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boulton, Andrew J" sort="Boulton, Andrew J" uniqKey="Boulton A" first="Andrew J." last="Boulton">Andrew J. Boulton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af14"><addr-line>Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of New England</institution>,<addr-line>Armidale, NSW 2351</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruder, Andreas" sort="Bruder, Andreas" uniqKey="Bruder A" first="Andreas" last="Bruder">Andreas Bruder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af15"><addr-line>Department of Aquatic Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology</institution>,<addr-line>Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af16"><addr-line>Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ)</addr-line>,<institution>ETH Zurich</institution>,<addr-line>8092 Zurich</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Callisto, Marcos" sort="Callisto, Marcos" uniqKey="Callisto M" first="Marcos" last="Callisto">Marcos Callisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af17"><addr-line>Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, ICB</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</institution>,<addr-line>30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chauvet, Eric" sort="Chauvet, Eric" uniqKey="Chauvet E" first="Eric" last="Chauvet">Eric Chauvet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af18"><addr-line>UPS, INPT; EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>Université de Toulouse</institution>,<addr-line>118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af19"><addr-line>EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>CNRS</institution>,<addr-line>31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Death, Russell G" sort="Death, Russell G" uniqKey="Death R" first="Russell G." last="Death">Russell G. Death</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af20"><addr-line>Institute of Agriculture and Environment-Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Massey University</institution>,<addr-line>4442 Palmerston North</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dudgeon, David" sort="Dudgeon, David" uniqKey="Dudgeon D" first="David" last="Dudgeon">David Dudgeon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af21"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>The University of Hong Kong</institution>,<addr-line>Pokfulam</addr-line>,<country>Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Encalada, Andrea C" sort="Encalada, Andrea C" uniqKey="Encalada A" first="Andrea C." last="Encalada">Andrea C. Encalada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af22"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Ecología Acuatica, Colegio de Ciencias Biologicas y Ambientales</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de San Francisco de Quito</institution>,<addr-line>Campus Cumbayá, PO Box 17, 1200841 Quito</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Ver Nica" sort="Ferreira, Ver Nica" uniqKey="Ferreira V" first="Ver Nica" last="Ferreira">Ver Nica Ferreira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Figueroa, Ricardo" sort="Figueroa, Ricardo" uniqKey="Figueroa R" first="Ricardo" last="Figueroa">Ricardo Figueroa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af23"><addr-line>Faculty of Environmental Science and Water Research Center for Agriculture and Mining, University of Concepción, Box 160-C, Concepción</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flecker, Alexander S" sort="Flecker, Alexander S" uniqKey="Flecker A" first="Alexander S." last="Flecker">Alexander S. Flecker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af24"><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Cornell University</institution>,<addr-line>Ithaca, NY 14853</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goncalves, Jose F" sort="Goncalves, Jose F" uniqKey="Goncalves J" first="José F." last="Gonçalves">José F. Gonçalves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af25"><addr-line>Laboratório de Limnologia/AquaRiparia, Departamento de Ecologia, ECL/IB, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, Distrito Federal</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helson, Julie" sort="Helson, Julie" uniqKey="Helson J" first="Julie" last="Helson">Julie Helson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af26"><addr-line>Surface and Groundwater Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Toronto at Scarborough</institution>,<addr-line>1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario</addr-line>,<country>Canada</country><addr-line>M1C 1A4</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwata, Tomoya" sort="Iwata, Tomoya" uniqKey="Iwata T" first="Tomoya" last="Iwata">Tomoya Iwata</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af27"><addr-line>Department of Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Yamanashi</institution>,<addr-line>Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510</addr-line>,<country>Japan</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jinggut, Tajang" sort="Jinggut, Tajang" uniqKey="Jinggut T" first="Tajang" last="Jinggut">Tajang Jinggut</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af28"><addr-line>School of Science</addr-line>,<institution>Monash University</institution>,<addr-line>Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500</addr-line>,<country>Malaysia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathooko, Jude" sort="Mathooko, Jude" uniqKey="Mathooko J" first="Jude" last="Mathooko">Jude Mathooko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af29"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Egerton University</institution>,<addr-line>PO Box 536, Egerton</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathuriau, Catherine" sort="Mathuriau, Catherine" uniqKey="Mathuriau C" first="Catherine" last="Mathuriau">Catherine Mathuriau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af30"><addr-line>Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México</institution>,<addr-line>Ciudad de México 04510, DF</addr-line>,<country>México</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Erimba, Charles" sort="M Erimba, Charles" uniqKey="M Erimba C" first="Charles" last="M'Erimba">Charles M'Erimba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af29"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Egerton University</institution>,<addr-line>PO Box 536, Egerton</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moretti, Marcelo S" sort="Moretti, Marcelo S" uniqKey="Moretti M" first="Marcelo S." last="Moretti">Marcelo S. Moretti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af31"><addr-line>Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Vila Velha</institution>,<addr-line>Vila Velha 29 102-920</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pringle, Catherine M" sort="Pringle, Catherine M" uniqKey="Pringle C" first="Catherine M." last="Pringle">Catherine M. Pringle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af32"><addr-line>Odum School of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Georgia</institution>,<addr-line>Athens, GA 30602</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Alonso" sort="Ramirez, Alonso" uniqKey="Ramirez A" first="Alonso" last="Ramírez">Alonso Ramírez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af33"><addr-line>Department of Environmental Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of Puerto Rico</institution>,<addr-line>Rio Piedras, San Juan 00919</addr-line>,<country>Puerto Rico</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ratnarajah, Lavenia" sort="Ratnarajah, Lavenia" uniqKey="Ratnarajah L" first="Lavenia" last="Ratnarajah">Lavenia Ratnarajah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af34"><addr-line>Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<institution>Australia</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rincon, Jose" sort="Rincon, Jose" uniqKey="Rincon J" first="José" last="Rincon">José Rincon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af35"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Contaminación Acuática y Contaminación Fluvial, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Zulia</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo</addr-line>,<country>Venezuela</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af36"><addr-line>Programa Prometeo, Senescyt, Escuela de Biología, Ecología y Gestión</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Azuay</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado 981, Cuenca</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yule, Catherine M" sort="Yule, Catherine M" uniqKey="Yule C" first="Catherine M." last="Yule">Catherine M. Yule</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af28"><addr-line>School of Science</addr-line>,<institution>Monash University</institution>,<addr-line>Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500</addr-line>,<country>Malaysia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27122551</idno><idno type="pmc">4855373</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4855373</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4855373</idno><idno type="doi">10.1098/rspb.2015.2664</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000484</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000484</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study</title><author><name sortKey="Boyero, Luz" sort="Boyero, Luz" uniqKey="Boyero L" first="Luz" last="Boyero">Luz Boyero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Faculty of Science and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)</institution>,<addr-line>48940 Leioa</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>IKERBASQUE</addr-line>,<institution>Basque Foundation for Science</institution>,<addr-line>48013 Bilbao</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and TropWater</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville, Queensland 4811</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Richard G" sort="Pearson, Richard G" uniqKey="Pearson R" first="Richard G." last="Pearson">Richard G. Pearson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and TropWater</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville, Queensland 4811</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hui, Cang" sort="Hui, Cang" uniqKey="Hui C" first="Cang" last="Hui">Cang Hui</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Stellenbosch</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>African Institute for Mathematical Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Muizenburg 7945</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gessner, Mark O" sort="Gessner, Mark O" uniqKey="Gessner M" first="Mark O." last="Gessner">Mark O. Gessner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><addr-line>Department of Experimental Limnology</addr-line>,<institution>Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB)</institution>,<addr-line>16775 Stechlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><addr-line>Department of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin)</institution>,<addr-line>10587 Berlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Javier" sort="Perez, Javier" uniqKey="Perez J" first="Javier" last="Pérez">Javier Pérez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Faculty of Science and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)</institution>,<addr-line>48940 Leioa</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alexandrou, Markos A" sort="Alexandrou, Markos A" uniqKey="Alexandrou M" first="Markos A." last="Alexandrou">Markos A. Alexandrou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of California</institution>,<addr-line>Santa Barbara, CA 93106</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graca, Manuel A S" sort="Graca, Manuel A S" uniqKey="Graca M" first="Manuel A. S." last="Graça">Manuel A. S. Graça</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardinale, Bradley J" sort="Cardinale, Bradley J" uniqKey="Cardinale B" first="Bradley J." last="Cardinale">Bradley J. Cardinale</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>School of Natural Resources and Environment</addr-line>,<institution>University of Michigan</institution>,<addr-line>Ann Arbor, MI 48109</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albari O, Ricardo J" sort="Albari O, Ricardo J" uniqKey="Albari O R" first="Ricardo J." last="Albari O">Ricardo J. Albari O</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af11"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Fotobiologia, INIBIOMA, CONICET</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional del Comahue</institution>,<addr-line>Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche</addr-line>,<country>Argentina</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arunachalam, Muthukumarasamy" sort="Arunachalam, Muthukumarasamy" uniqKey="Arunachalam M" first="Muthukumarasamy" last="Arunachalam">Muthukumarasamy Arunachalam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af12"><addr-line>Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Manonmaniam Sundaranar University</institution>,<addr-line>Alwarkurichi, 627412 Tamil Nadu</addr-line>,<country>India</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barmuta, Leon A" sort="Barmuta, Leon A" uniqKey="Barmuta L" first="Leon A." last="Barmuta">Leon A. Barmuta</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boulton, Andrew J" sort="Boulton, Andrew J" uniqKey="Boulton A" first="Andrew J." last="Boulton">Andrew J. Boulton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af14"><addr-line>Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of New England</institution>,<addr-line>Armidale, NSW 2351</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruder, Andreas" sort="Bruder, Andreas" uniqKey="Bruder A" first="Andreas" last="Bruder">Andreas Bruder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af15"><addr-line>Department of Aquatic Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology</institution>,<addr-line>Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af16"><addr-line>Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ)</addr-line>,<institution>ETH Zurich</institution>,<addr-line>8092 Zurich</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Callisto, Marcos" sort="Callisto, Marcos" uniqKey="Callisto M" first="Marcos" last="Callisto">Marcos Callisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af17"><addr-line>Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, ICB</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</institution>,<addr-line>30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chauvet, Eric" sort="Chauvet, Eric" uniqKey="Chauvet E" first="Eric" last="Chauvet">Eric Chauvet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af18"><addr-line>UPS, INPT; EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>Université de Toulouse</institution>,<addr-line>118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af19"><addr-line>EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>CNRS</institution>,<addr-line>31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Death, Russell G" sort="Death, Russell G" uniqKey="Death R" first="Russell G." last="Death">Russell G. Death</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af20"><addr-line>Institute of Agriculture and Environment-Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Massey University</institution>,<addr-line>4442 Palmerston North</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dudgeon, David" sort="Dudgeon, David" uniqKey="Dudgeon D" first="David" last="Dudgeon">David Dudgeon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af21"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>The University of Hong Kong</institution>,<addr-line>Pokfulam</addr-line>,<country>Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Encalada, Andrea C" sort="Encalada, Andrea C" uniqKey="Encalada A" first="Andrea C." last="Encalada">Andrea C. Encalada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af22"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Ecología Acuatica, Colegio de Ciencias Biologicas y Ambientales</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de San Francisco de Quito</institution>,<addr-line>Campus Cumbayá, PO Box 17, 1200841 Quito</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Ver Nica" sort="Ferreira, Ver Nica" uniqKey="Ferreira V" first="Ver Nica" last="Ferreira">Ver Nica Ferreira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Figueroa, Ricardo" sort="Figueroa, Ricardo" uniqKey="Figueroa R" first="Ricardo" last="Figueroa">Ricardo Figueroa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af23"><addr-line>Faculty of Environmental Science and Water Research Center for Agriculture and Mining, University of Concepción, Box 160-C, Concepción</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flecker, Alexander S" sort="Flecker, Alexander S" uniqKey="Flecker A" first="Alexander S." last="Flecker">Alexander S. Flecker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af24"><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Cornell University</institution>,<addr-line>Ithaca, NY 14853</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goncalves, Jose F" sort="Goncalves, Jose F" uniqKey="Goncalves J" first="José F." last="Gonçalves">José F. Gonçalves</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af25"><addr-line>Laboratório de Limnologia/AquaRiparia, Departamento de Ecologia, ECL/IB, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, Distrito Federal</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helson, Julie" sort="Helson, Julie" uniqKey="Helson J" first="Julie" last="Helson">Julie Helson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af26"><addr-line>Surface and Groundwater Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Toronto at Scarborough</institution>,<addr-line>1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario</addr-line>,<country>Canada</country><addr-line>M1C 1A4</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iwata, Tomoya" sort="Iwata, Tomoya" uniqKey="Iwata T" first="Tomoya" last="Iwata">Tomoya Iwata</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af27"><addr-line>Department of Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Yamanashi</institution>,<addr-line>Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510</addr-line>,<country>Japan</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jinggut, Tajang" sort="Jinggut, Tajang" uniqKey="Jinggut T" first="Tajang" last="Jinggut">Tajang Jinggut</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af28"><addr-line>School of Science</addr-line>,<institution>Monash University</institution>,<addr-line>Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500</addr-line>,<country>Malaysia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathooko, Jude" sort="Mathooko, Jude" uniqKey="Mathooko J" first="Jude" last="Mathooko">Jude Mathooko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af29"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Egerton University</institution>,<addr-line>PO Box 536, Egerton</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathuriau, Catherine" sort="Mathuriau, Catherine" uniqKey="Mathuriau C" first="Catherine" last="Mathuriau">Catherine Mathuriau</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af30"><addr-line>Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México</institution>,<addr-line>Ciudad de México 04510, DF</addr-line>,<country>México</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Erimba, Charles" sort="M Erimba, Charles" uniqKey="M Erimba C" first="Charles" last="M'Erimba">Charles M'Erimba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af29"><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Egerton University</institution>,<addr-line>PO Box 536, Egerton</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moretti, Marcelo S" sort="Moretti, Marcelo S" uniqKey="Moretti M" first="Marcelo S." last="Moretti">Marcelo S. Moretti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af31"><addr-line>Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Vila Velha</institution>,<addr-line>Vila Velha 29 102-920</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pringle, Catherine M" sort="Pringle, Catherine M" uniqKey="Pringle C" first="Catherine M." last="Pringle">Catherine M. Pringle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af32"><addr-line>Odum School of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Georgia</institution>,<addr-line>Athens, GA 30602</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramirez, Alonso" sort="Ramirez, Alonso" uniqKey="Ramirez A" first="Alonso" last="Ramírez">Alonso Ramírez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af33"><addr-line>Department of Environmental Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of Puerto Rico</institution>,<addr-line>Rio Piedras, San Juan 00919</addr-line>,<country>Puerto Rico</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ratnarajah, Lavenia" sort="Ratnarajah, Lavenia" uniqKey="Ratnarajah L" first="Lavenia" last="Ratnarajah">Lavenia Ratnarajah</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af13"><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af34"><addr-line>Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<institution>Australia</institution></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rincon, Jose" sort="Rincon, Jose" uniqKey="Rincon J" first="José" last="Rincon">José Rincon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af35"><addr-line>Laboratorio de Contaminación Acuática y Contaminación Fluvial, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Zulia</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo</addr-line>,<country>Venezuela</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af36"><addr-line>Programa Prometeo, Senescyt, Escuela de Biología, Ecología y Gestión</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Azuay</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado 981, Cuenca</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yule, Catherine M" sort="Yule, Catherine M" uniqKey="Yule C" first="Catherine M." last="Yule">Catherine M. Yule</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af28"><addr-line>School of Science</addr-line>,<institution>Monash University</institution>,<addr-line>Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500</addr-line>,<country>Malaysia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">0962-8452</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-2954</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Plant litter breakdown is a key ecological process in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Streams and rivers, in particular, contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes. However, there is little information available on the relative roles of different drivers of plant litter breakdown in fresh waters, particularly at large scales. We present a global-scale study of litter breakdown in streams to compare the roles of biotic, climatic and other environmental factors on breakdown rates. We conducted an experiment in 24 streams encompassing latitudes from 47.8° N to 42.8° S, using litter mixtures of local species differing in quality and phylogenetic diversity (PD), and alder (<italic>Alnus glutinosa</italic>) to control for variation in litter traits. Our models revealed that breakdown of alder was driven by climate, with some influence of pH, whereas variation in breakdown of litter mixtures was explained mainly by litter quality and PD. Effects of litter quality and PD and stream pH were more positive at higher temperatures, indicating that different mechanisms may operate at different latitudes. These results reflect global variability caused by multiple factors, but unexplained variance points to the need for expanded global-scale comparisons.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Biol Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Biol. Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSPB</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royprsb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0962-8452</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1471-2954</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27122551</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4855373</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rspb.2015.2664</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rspb20152664</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1001</subject><subject>60</subject><subject>69</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Biotic and abiotic variables influencing plant litter breakdown in streams: a global study</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Variation of litter breakdown in streams</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7366-9299</contrib-id><name><surname>Boyero</surname><given-names>Luz</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pearson</surname><given-names>Richard G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hui</surname><given-names>Cang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gessner</surname><given-names>Mark O.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pérez</surname><given-names>Javier</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alexandrou</surname><given-names>Markos A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Graça</surname><given-names>Manuel A. S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cardinale</surname><given-names>Bradley J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af10">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Albariño</surname><given-names>Ricardo J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Arunachalam</surname><given-names>Muthukumarasamy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af12">12</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barmuta</surname><given-names>Leon A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boulton</surname><given-names>Andrew J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af14">14</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bruder</surname><given-names>Andreas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af15">15</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af16">16</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Callisto</surname><given-names>Marcos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af17">17</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chauvet</surname><given-names>Eric</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af18">18</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af19">19</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Death</surname><given-names>Russell G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af20">20</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dudgeon</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af21">21</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Encalada</surname><given-names>Andrea C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af9">9</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af22">22</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ferreira</surname><given-names>Verónica</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Figueroa</surname><given-names>Ricardo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af23">23</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Flecker</surname><given-names>Alexander S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af24">24</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gonçalves</surname><given-names>José F.</given-names><suffix>Jr</suffix></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af25">25</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Helson</surname><given-names>Julie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af26">26</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Iwata</surname><given-names>Tomoya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af27">27</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jinggut</surname><given-names>Tajang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af28">28</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mathooko</surname><given-names>Jude</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af29">29</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mathuriau</surname><given-names>Catherine</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af30">30</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>M'Erimba</surname><given-names>Charles</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af29">29</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moretti</surname><given-names>Marcelo S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af31">31</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pringle</surname><given-names>Catherine M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af32">32</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ramírez</surname><given-names>Alonso</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af33">33</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ratnarajah</surname><given-names>Lavenia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af13">13</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af34">34</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rincon</surname><given-names>José</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af35">35</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af36">36</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yule</surname><given-names>Catherine M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af28">28</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Faculty of Science and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)</institution>,<addr-line>48940 Leioa</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><addr-line>IKERBASQUE</addr-line>,<institution>Basque Foundation for Science</institution>,<addr-line>48013 Bilbao</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><addr-line>College of Marine and Environmental Sciences and TropWater</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville, Queensland 4811</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="af4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Stellenbosch</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></aff><aff id="af5"><label>5</label><institution>African Institute for Mathematical Sciences</institution>,<addr-line>Muizenburg 7945</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></aff><aff id="af6"><label>6</label><addr-line>Department of Experimental Limnology</addr-line>,<institution>Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB)</institution>,<addr-line>16775 Stechlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></aff><aff id="af7"><label>7</label><addr-line>Department of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin)</institution>,<addr-line>10587 Berlin</addr-line>,<country>Germany</country></aff><aff id="af8"><label>8</label><addr-line>Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of California</institution>,<addr-line>Santa Barbara, CA 93106</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="af9"><label>9</label><addr-line>MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Coimbra</institution>,<addr-line>3001-456 Coimbra</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country></aff><aff id="af10"><label>10</label><addr-line>School of Natural Resources and Environment</addr-line>,<institution>University of Michigan</institution>,<addr-line>Ann Arbor, MI 48109</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="af11"><label>11</label><addr-line>Laboratorio de Fotobiologia, INIBIOMA, CONICET</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional del Comahue</institution>,<addr-line>Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche</addr-line>,<country>Argentina</country></aff><aff id="af12"><label>12</label><addr-line>Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Manonmaniam Sundaranar University</institution>,<addr-line>Alwarkurichi, 627412 Tamil Nadu</addr-line>,<country>India</country></aff><aff id="af13"><label>13</label><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="af14"><label>14</label><addr-line>Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of New England</institution>,<addr-line>Armidale, NSW 2351</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="af15"><label>15</label><addr-line>Department of Aquatic Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology</institution>,<addr-line>Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></aff><aff id="af16"><label>16</label><addr-line>Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ)</addr-line>,<institution>ETH Zurich</institution>,<addr-line>8092 Zurich</addr-line>,<country>Switzerland</country></aff><aff id="af17"><label>17</label><addr-line>Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, ICB</addr-line>,<institution>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</institution>,<addr-line>30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></aff><aff id="af18"><label>18</label><addr-line>UPS, INPT; EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>Université de Toulouse</institution>,<addr-line>118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></aff><aff id="af19"><label>19</label><addr-line>EcoLab</addr-line>,<institution>CNRS</institution>,<addr-line>31062 Toulouse</addr-line>,<country>France</country></aff><aff id="af20"><label>20</label><addr-line>Institute of Agriculture and Environment-Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>Massey University</institution>,<addr-line>4442 Palmerston North</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></aff><aff id="af21"><label>21</label><addr-line>School of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>The University of Hong Kong</institution>,<addr-line>Pokfulam</addr-line>,<country>Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China</country></aff><aff id="af22"><label>22</label><addr-line>Laboratorio de Ecología Acuatica, Colegio de Ciencias Biologicas y Ambientales</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad de San Francisco de Quito</institution>,<addr-line>Campus Cumbayá, PO Box 17, 1200841 Quito</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></aff><aff id="af23"><label>23</label><addr-line>Faculty of Environmental Science and Water Research Center for Agriculture and Mining, University of Concepción, Box 160-C, Concepción</addr-line>,<country>Chile</country></aff><aff id="af24"><label>24</label><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Cornell University</institution>,<addr-line>Ithaca, NY 14853</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="af25"><label>25</label><addr-line>Laboratório de Limnologia/AquaRiparia, Departamento de Ecologia, ECL/IB, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, Distrito Federal</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></aff><aff id="af26"><label>26</label><addr-line>Surface and Groundwater Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Toronto at Scarborough</institution>,<addr-line>1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario</addr-line>,<country>Canada</country><addr-line>M1C 1A4</addr-line></aff><aff id="af27"><label>27</label><addr-line>Department of Environmental Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>University of Yamanashi</institution>,<addr-line>Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510</addr-line>,<country>Japan</country></aff><aff id="af28"><label>28</label><addr-line>School of Science</addr-line>,<institution>Monash University</institution>,<addr-line>Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500</addr-line>,<country>Malaysia</country></aff><aff id="af29"><label>29</label><addr-line>Department of Biological Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Egerton University</institution>,<addr-line>PO Box 536, Egerton</addr-line>,<country>Kenya</country></aff><aff id="af30"><label>30</label><addr-line>Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México</institution>,<addr-line>Ciudad de México 04510, DF</addr-line>,<country>México</country></aff><aff id="af31"><label>31</label><addr-line>Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Vila Velha</institution>,<addr-line>Vila Velha 29 102-920</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></aff><aff id="af32"><label>32</label><addr-line>Odum School of Ecology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Georgia</institution>,<addr-line>Athens, GA 30602</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="af33"><label>33</label><addr-line>Department of Environmental Science</addr-line>,<institution>University of Puerto Rico</institution>,<addr-line>Rio Piedras, San Juan 00919</addr-line>,<country>Puerto Rico</country></aff><aff id="af34"><label>34</label><addr-line>Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre</addr-line>,<institution>University of Tasmania</institution>,<addr-line>Hobart, Tasmania 7001</addr-line>,<institution>Australia</institution></aff><aff id="af35"><label>35</label><addr-line>Laboratorio de Contaminación Acuática y Contaminación Fluvial, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Zulia</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo</addr-line>,<country>Venezuela</country></aff><aff id="af36"><label>36</label><addr-line>Programa Prometeo, Senescyt, Escuela de Biología, Ecología y Gestión</addr-line>,<institution>Universidad del Azuay</institution>,<addr-line>Apartado 981, Cuenca</addr-line>,<country>Ecuador</country></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">e-mail: <email>luz.boyero@ehu.eus</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>27</day><month>4</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>283</volume><issue>1829</issue><elocation-id>20152664</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>4</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>1</day><month>4</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 The Author(s)</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><license specific-use="vor" xlink:href="http://royalsocietypublishing.org/licence"><license-p>Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="rspb20152664.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Plant litter breakdown is a key ecological process in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Streams and rivers, in particular, contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes. However, there is little information available on the relative roles of different drivers of plant litter breakdown in fresh waters, particularly at large scales. We present a global-scale study of litter breakdown in streams to compare the roles of biotic, climatic and other environmental factors on breakdown rates. We conducted an experiment in 24 streams encompassing latitudes from 47.8° N to 42.8° S, using litter mixtures of local species differing in quality and phylogenetic diversity (PD), and alder (<italic>Alnus glutinosa</italic>) to control for variation in litter traits. Our models revealed that breakdown of alder was driven by climate, with some influence of pH, whereas variation in breakdown of litter mixtures was explained mainly by litter quality and PD. Effects of litter quality and PD and stream pH were more positive at higher temperatures, indicating that different mechanisms may operate at different latitudes. These results reflect global variability caused by multiple factors, but unexplained variance points to the need for expanded global-scale comparisons.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>decomposition</kwd><kwd>latitudinal gradient</kwd><kwd>climate</kwd><kwd>litter quality</kwd><kwd>biodiversity</kwd><kwd>detritivore shredders</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group specific-use="FundRef"><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution>National Geographic Society</institution><institution-id>http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006363</institution-id></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>7980-06</award-id></award-group></funding-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name><meta-value>April 27, 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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