Investigating the genetic architecture of conditional strategies using the environmental threshold model
Identifieur interne : 000223 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000222; suivant : 000224Investigating the genetic architecture of conditional strategies using the environmental threshold model
Auteurs : Bruno A. Buzatto ; Mathieu Buoro ; Wade N. Hazel ; Joseph L. TomkinsSource :
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8452 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The threshold expression of dichotomous phenotypes that are environmentally cued or induced comprise the vast majority of phenotypic dimorphisms in colour, morphology, behaviour and life history. Modelled as conditional strategies under the framework of evolutionary game theory, the quantitative genetic basis of these traits is a challenge to estimate. The challenge exists firstly because the phenotypic expression of the trait is dichotomous and secondly because the apparent environmental cue is separate from the biological signal pathway that induces the switch between phenotypes. It is the cryptic variation underlying the translation of cue to phenotype that we address here. With a ‘half-sib common environment’ and a ‘family-level split environment’ experiment, we examine the environmental and genetic influences that underlie male dimorphism in the earwig
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2075
PubMed: 26674955
PubMed Central: 4707757
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The threshold expression of dichotomous phenotypes that are environmentally cued or induced comprise the vast majority of phenotypic dimorphisms in colour, morphology, behaviour and life history. Modelled as conditional strategies under the framework of evolutionary game theory, the quantitative genetic basis of these traits is a challenge to estimate. The challenge exists firstly because the phenotypic expression of the trait is dichotomous and secondly because the apparent environmental cue is separate from the biological signal pathway that induces the switch between phenotypes. It is the cryptic variation underlying the translation of cue to phenotype that we address here. With a ‘half-sib common environment’ and a ‘family-level split environment’ experiment, we examine the environmental and genetic influences that underlie male dimorphism in the earwig <italic>Forficula auricularia</italic>
. From the conceptual framework of the latent environmental threshold (LET) model, we use pedigree information to dissect the genetic architecture of the threshold expression of forceps length. We investigate for the first time the strength of the correlation between observable and cryptic ‘proximate’ cues. Furthermore, in support of the environmental threshold model, we found no evidence for a genetic correlation between cue and the threshold between phenotypes. Our results show strong correlations between observable and proximate cues and less genetic variation for thresholds than previous studies have suggested. We discuss the importance of generating better estimates of the genetic variation for thresholds when investigating the genetic architecture and heritability of threshold traits. By investigating genetic architecture by means of the LET model, our study supports several key evolutionary ideas related to conditional strategies and improves our understanding of environmentally cued decisions.</p>
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<title-group><article-title>Investigating the genetic architecture of conditional strategies using the environmental threshold model</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">Genetic architecture of polyphenisms</alt-title>
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<name><surname>Buzatto</surname>
<given-names>Bruno A.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref>
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<aff id="af1"><label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology (M092)</addr-line>
,<institution>The University of Western Australia</institution>
,<addr-line>35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009</addr-line>
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<aff id="af2"><label>2</label>
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,<addr-line>118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse 31062</addr-line>
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<aff id="af3"><label>3</label>
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,<institution>DePauw University</institution>
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<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">e-mail: <email>bruno.buzatto@gmail.com</email>
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<fn id="AN1" fn-type="con"><label>†</label>
<p>These authors contributed equally to this study.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="AN2" fn-type="present-address"><label>‡</label>
<p>Present address: INRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, Aquapôle, Quartier Ibarron, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France.</p>
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<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>22</day>
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<elocation-id>20152075</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>28</day>
<month>8</month>
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<date date-type="accepted"><day>18</day>
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<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
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<abstract><p>The threshold expression of dichotomous phenotypes that are environmentally cued or induced comprise the vast majority of phenotypic dimorphisms in colour, morphology, behaviour and life history. Modelled as conditional strategies under the framework of evolutionary game theory, the quantitative genetic basis of these traits is a challenge to estimate. The challenge exists firstly because the phenotypic expression of the trait is dichotomous and secondly because the apparent environmental cue is separate from the biological signal pathway that induces the switch between phenotypes. It is the cryptic variation underlying the translation of cue to phenotype that we address here. With a ‘half-sib common environment’ and a ‘family-level split environment’ experiment, we examine the environmental and genetic influences that underlie male dimorphism in the earwig <italic>Forficula auricularia</italic>
. From the conceptual framework of the latent environmental threshold (LET) model, we use pedigree information to dissect the genetic architecture of the threshold expression of forceps length. We investigate for the first time the strength of the correlation between observable and cryptic ‘proximate’ cues. Furthermore, in support of the environmental threshold model, we found no evidence for a genetic correlation between cue and the threshold between phenotypes. Our results show strong correlations between observable and proximate cues and less genetic variation for thresholds than previous studies have suggested. We discuss the importance of generating better estimates of the genetic variation for thresholds when investigating the genetic architecture and heritability of threshold traits. By investigating genetic architecture by means of the LET model, our study supports several key evolutionary ideas related to conditional strategies and improves our understanding of environmentally cued decisions.</p>
</abstract>
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