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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Assessing the complex sponge microbiota: core, variable and species-specific bacterial communities in marine sponges</title><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Susanne" sort="Schmitt, Susanne" uniqKey="Schmitt S" first="Susanne" last="Schmitt">Susanne Schmitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 3</institution>, Wuerzburg,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, Peter" sort="Tsai, Peter" uniqKey="Tsai P" first="Peter" last="Tsai">Peter Tsai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Bioinformatics Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bell, James" sort="Bell, James" uniqKey="Bell J" first="James" last="Bell">James Bell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Centre for Marine Environmental and Economic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Pde, Kelburn Campus</institution>, Wellington,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fromont, Jane" sort="Fromont, Jane" uniqKey="Fromont J" first="Jane" last="Fromont">Jane Fromont</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC</institution>, Western Australia,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ilan, Micha" sort="Ilan, Micha" uniqKey="Ilan M" first="Micha" last="Ilan">Micha Ilan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University</institution>, Tel Aviv,<country>Israel</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindquist, Niels" sort="Lindquist, Niels" uniqKey="Lindquist N" first="Niels" last="Lindquist">Niels Lindquist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street</institution>, Morehead City, NC,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Thierry" sort="Perez, Thierry" uniqKey="Perez T" first="Thierry" last="Perez">Thierry Perez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie-des-Lions Marseille 13007</institution>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodrigo, Allen" sort="Rodrigo, Allen" uniqKey="Rodrigo A" first="Allen" last="Rodrigo">Allen Rodrigo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Bioinformatics Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>Biology Department, Duke University</institution>, Durham, NC,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schupp, Peter J" sort="Schupp, Peter J" uniqKey="Schupp P" first="Peter J" last="Schupp">Peter J. Schupp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>Marine Laboratory, University of Guam</institution>, Mangilao, GU,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vacelet, Jean" sort="Vacelet, Jean" uniqKey="Vacelet J" first="Jean" last="Vacelet">Jean Vacelet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie-des-Lions Marseille 13007</institution>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Nicole" sort="Webster, Nicole" uniqKey="Webster N" first="Nicole" last="Webster">Nicole Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"><institution>Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, PMB 3, Townsville Mail Center</institution>, Queensland,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hentschel, Ute" sort="Hentschel, Ute" uniqKey="Hentschel U" first="Ute" last="Hentschel">Ute Hentschel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 3</institution>, Wuerzburg,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael W" sort="Taylor, Michael W" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael W" last="Taylor">Michael W. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21993395</idno><idno type="pmc">3280146</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280146</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3280146</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/ismej.2011.116</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000067</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000067</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Assessing the complex sponge microbiota: core, variable and species-specific bacterial communities in marine sponges</title><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Susanne" sort="Schmitt, Susanne" uniqKey="Schmitt S" first="Susanne" last="Schmitt">Susanne Schmitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 3</institution>, Wuerzburg,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, Peter" sort="Tsai, Peter" uniqKey="Tsai P" first="Peter" last="Tsai">Peter Tsai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Bioinformatics Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bell, James" sort="Bell, James" uniqKey="Bell J" first="James" last="Bell">James Bell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>Centre for Marine Environmental and Economic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Pde, Kelburn Campus</institution>, Wellington,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fromont, Jane" sort="Fromont, Jane" uniqKey="Fromont J" first="Jane" last="Fromont">Jane Fromont</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"><institution>Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC</institution>, Western Australia,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ilan, Micha" sort="Ilan, Micha" uniqKey="Ilan M" first="Micha" last="Ilan">Micha Ilan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University</institution>, Tel Aviv,<country>Israel</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindquist, Niels" sort="Lindquist, Niels" uniqKey="Lindquist N" first="Niels" last="Lindquist">Niels Lindquist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street</institution>, Morehead City, NC,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Thierry" sort="Perez, Thierry" uniqKey="Perez T" first="Thierry" last="Perez">Thierry Perez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie-des-Lions Marseille 13007</institution>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodrigo, Allen" sort="Rodrigo, Allen" uniqKey="Rodrigo A" first="Allen" last="Rodrigo">Allen Rodrigo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Bioinformatics Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"><institution>Biology Department, Duke University</institution>, Durham, NC,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schupp, Peter J" sort="Schupp, Peter J" uniqKey="Schupp P" first="Peter J" last="Schupp">Peter J. Schupp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"><institution>Marine Laboratory, University of Guam</institution>, Mangilao, GU,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vacelet, Jean" sort="Vacelet, Jean" uniqKey="Vacelet J" first="Jean" last="Vacelet">Jean Vacelet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"><institution>Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie-des-Lions Marseille 13007</institution>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Nicole" sort="Webster, Nicole" uniqKey="Webster N" first="Nicole" last="Webster">Nicole Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"><institution>Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, PMB 3, Townsville Mail Center</institution>, Queensland,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hentschel, Ute" sort="Hentschel, Ute" uniqKey="Hentschel U" first="Ute" last="Hentschel">Ute Hentschel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 3</institution>, Wuerzburg,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael W" sort="Taylor, Michael W" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael W" last="Taylor">Michael W. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The ISME Journal</title><idno type="ISSN">1751-7362</idno><idno type="eISSN">1751-7370</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Marine sponges are well known for their associations with highly diverse, yet very specific and often highly similar microbiota. The aim of this study was to identify potential bacterial sub-populations in relation to sponge phylogeny and sampling sites and to define the core bacterial community. 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing was applied to 32 sponge species from eight locations around the world's oceans, thereby generating 2567 operational taxonomic units (OTUs at the 97% sequence similarity level) in total and up to 364 different OTUs per sponge species. The taxonomic richness detected in this study comprised 25 bacterial phyla with <italic>Proteobacteria</italic>, <italic>Chloroflexi</italic> and <italic>Poribacteria</italic> being most diverse in sponges. Among these phyla were nine candidate phyla, six of them found for the first time in sponges. Similarity comparison of bacterial communities revealed no correlation with host phylogeny but a tropical sub-population in that tropical sponges have more similar bacterial communities to each other than to subtropical sponges. A minimal core bacterial community consisting of very few OTUs (97%, 95% and 90%) was found. These microbes have a global distribution and are probably acquired via environmental transmission. In contrast, a large species-specific bacterial community was detected, which is represented by OTUs present in only a single sponge species. The species-specific bacterial community is probably mainly vertically transmitted. It is proposed that different sponges contain different bacterial species, however, these bacteria are still closely related to each other explaining the observed similarity of bacterial communities in sponges in this and previous studies. This global analysis represents the most comprehensive study of bacterial symbionts in sponges to date and provides novel insights into the complex structure of these unique associations.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">ISME J</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The ISME Journal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1751-7362</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1751-7370</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21993395</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3280146</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">ismej2011116</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/ismej.2011.116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Assessing the complex sponge microbiota: core, variable and species-specific bacterial communities in marine sponges</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running">Assessing the complex microbiota in marine sponges</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schmitt</surname><given-names>Susanne</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note1"><sup>12</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="caf1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsai</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bell</surname><given-names>James</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fromont</surname><given-names>Jane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ilan</surname><given-names>Micha</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lindquist</surname><given-names>Niels</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Perez</surname><given-names>Thierry</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rodrigo</surname><given-names>Allen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schupp</surname><given-names>Peter J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="note2"><sup>13</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vacelet</surname><given-names>Jean</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Webster</surname><given-names>Nicole</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hentschel</surname><given-names>Ute</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Taylor</surname><given-names>Michael W</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><institution>Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><institution>Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 3</institution>, Wuerzburg,<country>Germany</country></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><institution>Bioinformatics Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019</institution>, Auckland,<country>New Zealand</country></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><institution>Centre for Marine Environmental and Economic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Pde, Kelburn Campus</institution>, Wellington,<country>New Zealand</country></aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label><institution>Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC</institution>, Western Australia,<country>Australia</country></aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label><institution>Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University</institution>, Tel Aviv,<country>Israel</country></aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label><institution>Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street</institution>, Morehead City, NC,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label><institution>Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d'Endoume Rue Batterie-des-Lions Marseille 13007</institution>,<country>France</country></aff><aff id="aff9"><label>9</label><institution>Biology Department, Duke University</institution>, Durham, NC,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff10"><label>10</label><institution>Marine Laboratory, University of Guam</institution>, Mangilao, GU,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff11"><label>11</label><institution>Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, PMB 3, Townsville Mail Center</institution>, Queensland,<country>Australia</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="caf1"><label>*</label><institution>Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität in Munich</institution>, Richard Wagner Str. 10, 80333 Munich, <country>Germany</country>. E-mail: <email>s.schmitt@lrz.uni-muenchen.de</email></corresp><fn fn-type="present-address" id="note1"><label>12</label><p>Current address: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich, Richard-Wagner-Street 10, 80333 Munich, Germany.</p></fn><fn fn-type="present-address" id="note2"><label>13</label><p>Current address: Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Postfach 2503, University of Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>03</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>564</fpage><lpage>576</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2010</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012 International Society for Microbial Ecology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder>International Society for Microbial Ecology</copyright-holder></permissions><abstract><p>Marine sponges are well known for their associations with highly diverse, yet very specific and often highly similar microbiota. The aim of this study was to identify potential bacterial sub-populations in relation to sponge phylogeny and sampling sites and to define the core bacterial community. 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing was applied to 32 sponge species from eight locations around the world's oceans, thereby generating 2567 operational taxonomic units (OTUs at the 97% sequence similarity level) in total and up to 364 different OTUs per sponge species. The taxonomic richness detected in this study comprised 25 bacterial phyla with <italic>Proteobacteria</italic>, <italic>Chloroflexi</italic> and <italic>Poribacteria</italic> being most diverse in sponges. Among these phyla were nine candidate phyla, six of them found for the first time in sponges. Similarity comparison of bacterial communities revealed no correlation with host phylogeny but a tropical sub-population in that tropical sponges have more similar bacterial communities to each other than to subtropical sponges. A minimal core bacterial community consisting of very few OTUs (97%, 95% and 90%) was found. These microbes have a global distribution and are probably acquired via environmental transmission. In contrast, a large species-specific bacterial community was detected, which is represented by OTUs present in only a single sponge species. The species-specific bacterial community is probably mainly vertically transmitted. It is proposed that different sponges contain different bacterial species, however, these bacteria are still closely related to each other explaining the observed similarity of bacterial communities in sponges in this and previous studies. This global analysis represents the most comprehensive study of bacterial symbionts in sponges to date and provides novel insights into the complex structure of these unique associations.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>biogeography</kwd><kwd>candidate phyla</kwd><kwd>core microbiota</kwd><kwd>bacterial diversity</kwd><kwd>marine sponges</kwd><kwd>454-pyrosequencing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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