Precipitation of Iron on the Surface of Leptospira interrogans Is Associated with Mutation of the Stress Response Metalloprotease HtpX
Identifieur interne : 001939 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001938; suivant : 001940Precipitation of Iron on the Surface of Leptospira interrogans Is Associated with Mutation of the Stress Response Metalloprotease HtpX
Auteurs : Rebekah Henry ; Miranda Lo ; Chenai Khoo ; Hailong Zhang ; Reinhard I. Boysen ; Mathieu Picardeau ; Gerald L. Murray ; Dieter M. Bulach ; Ben AdlerSource :
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology [ 0099-2240 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
High concentrations of free metal ions in the environment can be detrimental to bacterial survival. However, bacteria utilize strategies, including the activation of stress response pathways and immobilizing chemical elements on their surface, to limit this toxicity. In this study, we characterized LA4131, the HtpX-like M48 metalloprotease from
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01097-13
PubMed: 23709510
PubMed Central: 3719529
Affiliations:
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<series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>High concentrations of free metal ions in the environment can be detrimental to bacterial survival. However, bacteria utilize strategies, including the activation of stress response pathways and immobilizing chemical elements on their surface, to limit this toxicity. In this study, we characterized LA4131, the HtpX-like M48 metalloprotease from <named-content content-type="genus-species">Leptospira interrogans</named-content>
, with a putative role in bacterial stress response and membrane homeostasis. Growth of the <italic>la4131</italic>
transposon mutant strain (L522) in 360 μM FeSO<sub>4</sub>
(10-fold the normal <italic>in vitro</italic>
concentration) resulted in the production of an amorphous iron precipitate. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the strain demonstrated that precipitate production was associated with the generation and release of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from the leptospiral surface. Transcriptional studies indicated that inactivation of <italic>la4131</italic>
resulted in altered expression of a subset of metal toxicity and stress response genes. Combining these findings, this report describes OMV production in response to environmental stressors and associates OMV production with the <italic>in vitro</italic>
activity of an HtpX-like metalloprotease.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Appl. Environ. Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23709510</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3719529</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">01097-13</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.01097-13</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Environmental Microbiology</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Precipitation of Iron on the Surface of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Leptospira interrogans</named-content>
Is Associated with Mutation of the Stress Response Metalloprotease HtpX</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Henry</surname>
<given-names>Rebekah</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lo</surname>
<given-names>Miranda</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Khoo</surname>
<given-names>Chenai</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Hailong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boysen</surname>
<given-names>Reinhard I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Picardeau</surname>
<given-names>Mathieu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>Gerald L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bulach</surname>
<given-names>Dieter M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Adler</surname>
<given-names>Ben</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1">Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia<label>a</label>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Spirochètes, Paris, France<label>b</label>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Green Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia<label>c</label>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia<label>d</label>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">Victorian Bioinformatics Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia<label>e</label>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Ben Adler, <email>Ben.Adler@monash.edu</email>
.</corresp>
<fn id="FN1" fn-type="present-address"><label>*</label>
<p>Present address: Rebekah Henry, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>79</volume>
<issue>15</issue>
<fpage>4653</fpage>
<lpage>4660</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>4</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zam01513004653.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>High concentrations of free metal ions in the environment can be detrimental to bacterial survival. However, bacteria utilize strategies, including the activation of stress response pathways and immobilizing chemical elements on their surface, to limit this toxicity. In this study, we characterized LA4131, the HtpX-like M48 metalloprotease from <named-content content-type="genus-species">Leptospira interrogans</named-content>
, with a putative role in bacterial stress response and membrane homeostasis. Growth of the <italic>la4131</italic>
transposon mutant strain (L522) in 360 μM FeSO<sub>4</sub>
(10-fold the normal <italic>in vitro</italic>
concentration) resulted in the production of an amorphous iron precipitate. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the strain demonstrated that precipitate production was associated with the generation and release of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from the leptospiral surface. Transcriptional studies indicated that inactivation of <italic>la4131</italic>
resulted in altered expression of a subset of metal toxicity and stress response genes. Combining these findings, this report describes OMV production in response to environmental stressors and associates OMV production with the <italic>in vitro</italic>
activity of an HtpX-like metalloprotease.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Adler, Ben" sort="Adler, Ben" uniqKey="Adler B" first="Ben" last="Adler">Ben Adler</name>
<name sortKey="Boysen, Reinhard I" sort="Boysen, Reinhard I" uniqKey="Boysen R" first="Reinhard I." last="Boysen">Reinhard I. Boysen</name>
<name sortKey="Bulach, Dieter M" sort="Bulach, Dieter M" uniqKey="Bulach D" first="Dieter M." last="Bulach">Dieter M. Bulach</name>
<name sortKey="Henry, Rebekah" sort="Henry, Rebekah" uniqKey="Henry R" first="Rebekah" last="Henry">Rebekah Henry</name>
<name sortKey="Khoo, Chenai" sort="Khoo, Chenai" uniqKey="Khoo C" first="Chenai" last="Khoo">Chenai Khoo</name>
<name sortKey="Lo, Miranda" sort="Lo, Miranda" uniqKey="Lo M" first="Miranda" last="Lo">Miranda Lo</name>
<name sortKey="Murray, Gerald L" sort="Murray, Gerald L" uniqKey="Murray G" first="Gerald L." last="Murray">Gerald L. Murray</name>
<name sortKey="Picardeau, Mathieu" sort="Picardeau, Mathieu" uniqKey="Picardeau M" first="Mathieu" last="Picardeau">Mathieu Picardeau</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Hailong" sort="Zhang, Hailong" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Hailong" last="Zhang">Hailong Zhang</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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