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From Mouth-to-Mouth to Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation: Evolution and Characteristics of Actual Devices—A Review of the Literature

Identifieur interne : 001584 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001583; suivant : 001585

From Mouth-to-Mouth to Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation: Evolution and Characteristics of Actual Devices—A Review of the Literature

Auteurs : Abdo Khoury [France] ; Sylvère Hugonnot [France] ; Johan Cossus [France] ; Alban De Luca [France] ; Thibaut Desmettre [France] ; Fatimata Seydou Sall [France] ; Gilles Capellier [France, Australie]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4058195

Abstract

Manual ventilation is a vital procedure, which remains difficult to achieve for patients who require ventilatory support. It has to be performed by experienced healthcare providers that are regularly trained for the use of bag-valve-mask (BVM) in emergency situations. We will give in this paper, a historical view on manual ventilation's evolution throughout the last decades and describe the technical characteristics, advantages, and hazards of the main devices currently found in the market. Artificial ventilation has developed progressively and research is still going on to improve the actual devices used. Throughout the past years, a brand-new generation of ventilators was developed, but little was done for manual ventilation. Many adverse outcomes due to faulty valve or misassembly were reported in the literature, as well as some difficulties to ensure efficient insufflation according to usual respiratory parameters. These serious incidents underline the importance of BVM system routine check and especially the unidirectional valve reassembly after sterilization, by only experienced and trained personnel. Single use built-in devices may prevent disassembly problems and are safer than the reusable ones. Through new devices and technical improvements, the safety of BVM might be increased.


Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2014/762053
PubMed: 24971346
PubMed Central: 4058195


Affiliations:


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PMC:4058195

Le document en format XML

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<p>Manual ventilation is a vital procedure, which remains difficult to achieve for patients who require ventilatory support. It has to be performed by experienced healthcare providers that are regularly trained for the use of bag-valve-mask (BVM) in emergency situations. We will give in this paper, a historical view on manual ventilation's evolution throughout the last decades and describe the technical characteristics, advantages, and hazards of the main devices currently found in the market. Artificial ventilation has developed progressively and research is still going on to improve the actual devices used. Throughout the past years, a brand-new generation of ventilators was developed, but little was done for manual ventilation. Many adverse outcomes due to faulty valve or misassembly were reported in the literature, as well as some difficulties to ensure efficient insufflation according to usual respiratory parameters. These serious incidents underline the importance of BVM system routine check and especially the unidirectional valve reassembly after sterilization, by only experienced and trained personnel. Single use built-in devices may prevent disassembly problems and are safer than the reusable ones. Through new devices and technical improvements, the safety of BVM might be increased.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24971346</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4058195</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2014/762053</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Review Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>From Mouth-to-Mouth to Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation: Evolution and Characteristics of Actual Devices—A Review of the Literature</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Khoury</surname>
<given-names>Abdo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hugonnot</surname>
<given-names>Sylvère</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Cossus</surname>
<given-names>Johan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-7311</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>De Luca</surname>
<given-names>Alban</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Desmettre</surname>
<given-names>Thibaut</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sall</surname>
<given-names>Fatimata Seydou</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Capellier</surname>
<given-names>Gilles</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
Department of Emergency Medicine & Critical Care, University of Franche-Comté, Medical Center, 25000 Besançon, France</aff>
<aff id="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
Inserm CIC-1431, University of Franche-Comté, Medical Center, 25000 Besançon, France</aff>
<aff id="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">*Abdo Khoury:
<email>akhoury@chu-besancon.fr</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other">
<p>Academic Editor: Peter Cameron</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>27</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2014</volume>
<elocation-id>762053</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>25</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>19</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Abdo Khoury et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Manual ventilation is a vital procedure, which remains difficult to achieve for patients who require ventilatory support. It has to be performed by experienced healthcare providers that are regularly trained for the use of bag-valve-mask (BVM) in emergency situations. We will give in this paper, a historical view on manual ventilation's evolution throughout the last decades and describe the technical characteristics, advantages, and hazards of the main devices currently found in the market. Artificial ventilation has developed progressively and research is still going on to improve the actual devices used. Throughout the past years, a brand-new generation of ventilators was developed, but little was done for manual ventilation. Many adverse outcomes due to faulty valve or misassembly were reported in the literature, as well as some difficulties to ensure efficient insufflation according to usual respiratory parameters. These serious incidents underline the importance of BVM system routine check and especially the unidirectional valve reassembly after sterilization, by only experienced and trained personnel. Single use built-in devices may prevent disassembly problems and are safer than the reusable ones. Through new devices and technical improvements, the safety of BVM might be increased.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Basic components of the BVM system (De Godoy et al. [
<xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>
]).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-762053.001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<p>Ambu single-shutter valve ((a)
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://helid.digicollection.org/">http://helid.digicollection.org/</ext-link>
, (b) Kim et al., 2008 [
<xref rid="B16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>
]).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-762053.002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3</label>
<caption>
<p>Laerdal valve ((a)
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.laerdal.com/">http://www.laerdal.com/</ext-link>
, (b): Kim et al., 2008 [
<xref rid="B16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>
]).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-762053.003"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Technical characteristics of Ambu and Laerdal valves.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambu</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Laerdal</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Use</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Disassembly</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sterilizable</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Single use</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mechanism</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Orthostatic</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Manual occlusion</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Rebreathing principle</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Insufflation resistance </td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Spring mechanism </td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Operate to gas pressure</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Monitoring</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pressure relief valve</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No (on the bag)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No (on the bag)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Direct communication risk (incoming gas/lung) </td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> PEEP valve</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes (adaptable)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes (adaptable)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Spirometry</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes (adaptable)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Type</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Adult</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pediatric</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>France</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Bourgogne-Franche-Comté</li>
<li>Franche-Comté</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Besançon</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="France">
<region name="Bourgogne-Franche-Comté">
<name sortKey="Khoury, Abdo" sort="Khoury, Abdo" uniqKey="Khoury A" first="Abdo" last="Khoury">Abdo Khoury</name>
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<name sortKey="Capellier, Gilles" sort="Capellier, Gilles" uniqKey="Capellier G" first="Gilles" last="Capellier">Gilles Capellier</name>
<name sortKey="Cossus, Johan" sort="Cossus, Johan" uniqKey="Cossus J" first="Johan" last="Cossus">Johan Cossus</name>
<name sortKey="De Luca, Alban" sort="De Luca, Alban" uniqKey="De Luca A" first="Alban" last="De Luca">Alban De Luca</name>
<name sortKey="De Luca, Alban" sort="De Luca, Alban" uniqKey="De Luca A" first="Alban" last="De Luca">Alban De Luca</name>
<name sortKey="Desmettre, Thibaut" sort="Desmettre, Thibaut" uniqKey="Desmettre T" first="Thibaut" last="Desmettre">Thibaut Desmettre</name>
<name sortKey="Hugonnot, Sylvere" sort="Hugonnot, Sylvere" uniqKey="Hugonnot S" first="Sylvère" last="Hugonnot">Sylvère Hugonnot</name>
<name sortKey="Khoury, Abdo" sort="Khoury, Abdo" uniqKey="Khoury A" first="Abdo" last="Khoury">Abdo Khoury</name>
<name sortKey="Sall, Fatimata Seydou" sort="Sall, Fatimata Seydou" uniqKey="Sall F" first="Fatimata Seydou" last="Sall">Fatimata Seydou Sall</name>
<name sortKey="Sall, Fatimata Seydou" sort="Sall, Fatimata Seydou" uniqKey="Sall F" first="Fatimata Seydou" last="Sall">Fatimata Seydou Sall</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Capellier, Gilles" sort="Capellier, Gilles" uniqKey="Capellier G" first="Gilles" last="Capellier">Gilles Capellier</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
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