Evolution of a butterfly dispersal syndrome
Identifieur interne : 000955 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000954; suivant : 000956Evolution of a butterfly dispersal syndrome
Auteurs : Delphine Legrand [France] ; Nicolas Larranaga [France] ; Romain Bertrand [France] ; Simon Ducatez [Australie] ; Olivier Calvez [France] ; Virginie M. Stevens [France] ; Michel Baguette [France]Source :
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8452 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The existence of dispersal syndromes contrasting disperser from resident phenotypes within populations has been intensively documented across taxa. However, how such suites of phenotypic traits emerge and are maintained is largely unknown, although deciphering the processes shaping the evolution of dispersal phenotypes is a key in ecology and evolution. In this study, we created artificial populations of a butterfly, in which we controlled for individual phenotypes and measured experimentally the roles of selection and genetic constraints on the correlations between dispersal-related traits: flight performance and wing morphology. We demonstrate that (i) trait covariations are not due to genetic correlations, (ii) the effects of selection are sex-specific, and (iii) both divergent and stabilizing selection maintain specific flight performance phenotypes and wing morphologies. Interestingly, some trait combinations are also favoured, depending on sex and fitness components. Moreover, we provide evidence for the role of (dis)assortative mating in the evolution of these dispersal-related traits. Our results suggest that dispersal syndromes may have high evolutionary potential, but also that they may be easily disrupted under particular environmental conditions.
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1533
PubMed: 27683371
PubMed Central: 5046905
Affiliations:
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PMC:5046905Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The existence of dispersal syndromes contrasting disperser from resident phenotypes within populations has been intensively documented across taxa. However, how such suites of phenotypic traits emerge and are maintained is largely unknown, although deciphering the processes shaping the evolution of dispersal phenotypes is a key in ecology and evolution. In this study, we created artificial populations of a butterfly, in which we controlled for individual phenotypes and measured experimentally the roles of selection and genetic constraints on the correlations between dispersal-related traits: flight performance and wing morphology. We demonstrate that (i) trait covariations are not due to genetic correlations, (ii) the effects of selection are sex-specific, and (iii) both divergent and stabilizing selection maintain specific flight performance phenotypes and wing morphologies. Interestingly, some trait combinations are also favoured, depending on sex and fitness components. Moreover, we provide evidence for the role of (dis)assortative mating in the evolution of these dispersal-related traits. Our results suggest that dispersal syndromes may have high evolutionary potential, but also that they may be easily disrupted under particular environmental conditions.</p>
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<name><surname>Legrand</surname>
<given-names>Delphine</given-names>
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<given-names>Nicolas</given-names>
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<fn id="an1" fn-type="con"><label>†</label>
<p>These authors contributed equally to this study.</p>
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<fn id="an2" fn-type="present-address"><label>‡</label>
<p>Present address: Hólar University College, Háeyri 1, Sauðárkrókur IS-550, Iceland.</p>
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<abstract><p>The existence of dispersal syndromes contrasting disperser from resident phenotypes within populations has been intensively documented across taxa. However, how such suites of phenotypic traits emerge and are maintained is largely unknown, although deciphering the processes shaping the evolution of dispersal phenotypes is a key in ecology and evolution. In this study, we created artificial populations of a butterfly, in which we controlled for individual phenotypes and measured experimentally the roles of selection and genetic constraints on the correlations between dispersal-related traits: flight performance and wing morphology. We demonstrate that (i) trait covariations are not due to genetic correlations, (ii) the effects of selection are sex-specific, and (iii) both divergent and stabilizing selection maintain specific flight performance phenotypes and wing morphologies. Interestingly, some trait combinations are also favoured, depending on sex and fitness components. Moreover, we provide evidence for the role of (dis)assortative mating in the evolution of these dispersal-related traits. Our results suggest that dispersal syndromes may have high evolutionary potential, but also that they may be easily disrupted under particular environmental conditions.</p>
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