Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes
Identifieur interne : 002757 ( PascalFrancis/Curation ); précédent : 002756; suivant : 002758Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes
Auteurs : Belle Roels [France, Royaume-Uni] ; David J. Bentley [Royaume-Uni, Australie] ; Olivier Coste [France] ; Jacques Mercier [France] ; Grégoire P. Millet [Qatar]Source :
- European journal of applied physiology
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a short-term period of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on cycling performance in athletes. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to two groups: normoxic (NT, n = 9) and intermittent hypoxic training group (IHT, n = 10). A 3-week training program (5× 1 h-1 h 30 min per week) was completed. Training sessions were performed in normoxia (-30 m) or hypoxia (simulated altitude of 3,000 m) for NT and IHT group, respectively. Each subject performed before (W0) and after (W4) the training program, three cycling tests including an incremental test to exhaustion in normoxia and hypoxia for determination of maximal aerobic power (VO2max) and peak power output (PPO) as well as a 10-min cycle time trial in normoxia (TT) to measure the average power output (Paver). No significant difference in VO2max was observed between the two training groups before or after the training period. When measured in normoxia, the PPO significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 7.2 and 6.6% in NT and IHT groups, respectively. However, only the IHT group significantly improved (11.3%; P < 0.05) PPO when measured in hypoxia. The NT group improved (P < 0.05) Paver in TT by 8.1%, whereas IHT group did not show any significant difference. Intermittent training performed in hypoxia was less efficient for improving endurance performance at sea level than similar training performed in normoxia. However, IHT has the potential to assist athletes in preparation for competition at altitude.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes</title><author><name sortKey="Roels, Belle" sort="Roels, Belle" uniqKey="Roels B" first="Belle" last="Roels">Belle Roels</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>UPRES EA 3759"Multidisciplinary Approach of Doping", 700 avenue Pic St Loup</s1><s2>34090 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre of Sport Medicine and Human Performance, Brunel University, School of Sport and Education</s1><s2>London UB8 3PH</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bentley, David J" sort="Bentley, David J" uniqKey="Bentley D" first="David J." last="Bentley">David J. Bentley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Human and Health Science, University of Westminster</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Health and Exercise Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coste, Olivier" sort="Coste, Olivier" uniqKey="Coste O" first="Olivier" last="Coste">Olivier Coste</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>UPRES EA 3759"Multidisciplinary Approach of Doping", 700 avenue Pic St Loup</s1><s2>34090 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Direction Régionale et Départementale de la Jeunesse et des Sports, 190 avenue du Père Soulas</s1><s2>34094 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mercier, Jacques" sort="Mercier, Jacques" uniqKey="Mercier J" first="Jacques" last="Mercier">Jacques Mercier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Laboratoire de physiologie des Interactions EA 701, Institut de Biologie, Bvd Henri IV</s1><s2>34060 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millet, Gregoire P" sort="Millet, Gregoire P" uniqKey="Millet G" first="Grégoire P." last="Millet">Grégoire P. Millet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>ASPIRE, Academy for Sports Excellence, PO Box 2287</s1><s2>Doha</s2><s3>QAT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Qatar</country></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">07-0490524</idno><date when="2007">2007</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 07-0490524 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:07-0490524</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">003931</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">002757</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes</title><author><name sortKey="Roels, Belle" sort="Roels, Belle" uniqKey="Roels B" first="Belle" last="Roels">Belle Roels</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>UPRES EA 3759"Multidisciplinary Approach of Doping", 700 avenue Pic St Loup</s1><s2>34090 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre of Sport Medicine and Human Performance, Brunel University, School of Sport and Education</s1><s2>London UB8 3PH</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bentley, David J" sort="Bentley, David J" uniqKey="Bentley D" first="David J." last="Bentley">David J. Bentley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Human and Health Science, University of Westminster</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Health and Exercise Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coste, Olivier" sort="Coste, Olivier" uniqKey="Coste O" first="Olivier" last="Coste">Olivier Coste</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>UPRES EA 3759"Multidisciplinary Approach of Doping", 700 avenue Pic St Loup</s1><s2>34090 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Direction Régionale et Départementale de la Jeunesse et des Sports, 190 avenue du Père Soulas</s1><s2>34094 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mercier, Jacques" sort="Mercier, Jacques" uniqKey="Mercier J" first="Jacques" last="Mercier">Jacques Mercier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Laboratoire de physiologie des Interactions EA 701, Institut de Biologie, Bvd Henri IV</s1><s2>34060 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millet, Gregoire P" sort="Millet, Gregoire P" uniqKey="Millet G" first="Grégoire P." last="Millet">Grégoire P. Millet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>ASPIRE, Academy for Sports Excellence, PO Box 2287</s1><s2>Doha</s2><s3>QAT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Qatar</country></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">European journal of applied physiology</title></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">European journal of applied physiology</title></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation</term><term>Altitude</term><term>Athlete</term><term>Cyclism</term><term>Endurance</term><term>Human</term><term>Hypoxia</term><term>Intermittent</term><term>Physical performance</term><term>Physical training</term><term>Power</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Intermittent</term><term>Entraînement physique</term><term>Cyclisme</term><term>Performance physique</term><term>Sportif</term><term>Altitude</term><term>Endurance</term><term>Puissance</term><term>Hypoxie</term><term>Adaptation</term><term>Homme</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study aimed to investigate the effects of a short-term period of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on cycling performance in athletes. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to two groups: normoxic (NT, n = 9) and intermittent hypoxic training group (IHT, n = 10). A 3-week training program (5× 1 h-1 h 30 min per week) was completed. Training sessions were performed in normoxia (-30 m) or hypoxia (simulated altitude of 3,000 m) for NT and IHT group, respectively. Each subject performed before (W0) and after (W4) the training program, three cycling tests including an incremental test to exhaustion in normoxia and hypoxia for determination of maximal aerobic power (VO<sub>2max</sub>) and peak power output (PPO) as well as a 10-min cycle time trial in normoxia (TT) to measure the average power output (P<sub>aver</sub>). No significant difference in VO<sub>2max</sub> was observed between the two training groups before or after the training period. When measured in normoxia, the PPO significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 7.2 and 6.6% in NT and IHT groups, respectively. However, only the IHT group significantly improved (11.3%; P < 0.05) PPO when measured in hypoxia. The NT group improved (P < 0.05) P<sub>aver</sub> in TT by 8.1%, whereas IHT group did not show any significant difference. Intermittent training performed in hypoxia was less efficient for improving endurance performance at sea level than similar training performed in normoxia. However, IHT has the potential to assist athletes in preparation for competition at altitude.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA05><s2>101</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>3</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>ROELS (Belle)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>BENTLEY (David J.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>COSTE (Olivier)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>MERCIER (Jacques)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>MILLET (Grégoire P.)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>UPRES EA 3759"Multidisciplinary Approach of Doping", 700 avenue Pic St Loup</s1><s2>34090 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre of Sport Medicine and Human Performance, Brunel University, School of Sport and Education</s1><s2>London UB8 3PH</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Human and Health Science, University of Westminster</s1><s2>London</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>Health and Exercise Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="05"><s1>Direction Régionale et Départementale de la Jeunesse et des Sports, 190 avenue du Père Soulas</s1><s2>34094 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="06"><s1>Laboratoire de physiologie des Interactions EA 701, Institut de Biologie, Bvd Henri IV</s1><s2>34060 Montpellier</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="07"><s1>ASPIRE, Academy for Sports Excellence, PO Box 2287</s1><s2>Doha</s2><s3>QAT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>359-368</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2007</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>892</s2><s5>354000143506320110</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2007 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>1 p.1/4</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>07-0490524</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="2"><s0>European journal of applied physiology</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>DEU</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>This study aimed to investigate the effects of a short-term period of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on cycling performance in athletes. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to two groups: normoxic (NT, n = 9) and intermittent hypoxic training group (IHT, n = 10). A 3-week training program (5× 1 h-1 h 30 min per week) was completed. Training sessions were performed in normoxia (-30 m) or hypoxia (simulated altitude of 3,000 m) for NT and IHT group, respectively. Each subject performed before (W0) and after (W4) the training program, three cycling tests including an incremental test to exhaustion in normoxia and hypoxia for determination of maximal aerobic power (VO<sub>2max</sub>) and peak power output (PPO) as well as a 10-min cycle time trial in normoxia (TT) to measure the average power output (P<sub>aver</sub>). No significant difference in VO<sub>2max</sub> was observed between the two training groups before or after the training period. When measured in normoxia, the PPO significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 7.2 and 6.6% in NT and IHT groups, respectively. However, only the IHT group significantly improved (11.3%; P < 0.05) PPO when measured in hypoxia. The NT group improved (P < 0.05) P<sub>aver</sub> in TT by 8.1%, whereas IHT group did not show any significant difference. Intermittent training performed in hypoxia was less efficient for improving endurance performance at sea level than similar training performed in normoxia. 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