The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with the blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits of ACE inhibition
Identifieur interne : 001042 ( PascalFrancis/Curation ); précédent : 001041; suivant : 001043The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with the blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits of ACE inhibition
Auteurs : Stephen B. Harrap [Australie] ; Christophe Tzourio [France] ; Francois Cambien [France] ; Odette Poirier [France] ; Segolene Raoux [France] ; John Chalmers [Australie] ; Neil Chapman [Australie] ; Samuel Colman [Australie] ; Solenn Leguennec [France] ; Stephen Macmahon [Australie] ; Bruce Neal [Australie] ; Takayoshi Ohkubo [Australie] ; Mark Woodward [Australie]Source :
- Hypertension : (Dallas, Tex. 1979) [ 0194-911X ] ; 2003.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Homme.
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Abstract
The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene might have consequences for the risks of vascular diseases. We examined the ACE genotype and the effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering regimen on macrovascular events, dementia, and cognitive decline among hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. ACE I/D genotypes were measured in 5688 of 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack who participated in the PROGRESS trial. The DD genotype was significantly (P<0.0001) less frequent in Asian subjects (Chinese and Japanese, 14.7%) than in non-Asian subjects (32.0%). Controlling for racial background, there were no associations between ACE genotypes and cerebrovascular disease history or cardiovascular risk factors, including baseline blood pressure. The ACE genotype was not associated with the long-term risks of stroke, cardiac events, mortality, dementia, or cognitive decline; neither did the ACE genotype predict the blood pressure reduction associated with the use of the ACE inhibitor perindopril. Similarly, there was no evidence that the ACE genotype modified the relative benefits of ACE inhibitor-based therapy over placebo. This study provides no evidence that in patients with cerebrovascular disease, knowledge of ACE genotype is useful for predicting either the risk of disease or the benefits of perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering treatment.
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Harrap</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne</s1><s2>Melbourne</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tzourio, Christophe" sort="Tzourio, Christophe" uniqKey="Tzourio C" first="Christophe" last="Tzourio">Christophe Tzourio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U360, Hopital de la Salpetriere</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cambien, Francois" sort="Cambien, Francois" uniqKey="Cambien F" first="Francois" last="Cambien">Francois Cambien</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>INSERM U525, Faculté de Medecine</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 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sortKey="Neal, Bruce" sort="Neal, Bruce" uniqKey="Neal B" first="Bruce" last="Neal">Bruce Neal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" sort="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" uniqKey="Ohkubo T" first="Takayoshi" last="Ohkubo">Takayoshi Ohkubo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woodward, Mark" sort="Woodward, Mark" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="Mark" last="Woodward">Mark Woodward</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">04-0070201</idno><date when="2003">2003</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 04-0070201 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:04-0070201</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">005072</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">001042</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with the blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits of ACE inhibition</title><author><name sortKey="Harrap, Stephen B" sort="Harrap, Stephen B" uniqKey="Harrap S" first="Stephen B." last="Harrap">Stephen B. Harrap</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne</s1><s2>Melbourne</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tzourio, Christophe" sort="Tzourio, Christophe" uniqKey="Tzourio C" first="Christophe" last="Tzourio">Christophe Tzourio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U360, Hopital de la Salpetriere</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cambien, Francois" sort="Cambien, Francois" uniqKey="Cambien F" first="Francois" last="Cambien">Francois Cambien</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>INSERM U525, Faculté de Medecine</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poirier, Odette" sort="Poirier, Odette" uniqKey="Poirier O" first="Odette" last="Poirier">Odette Poirier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>INSERM U525, Faculté de Medecine</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raoux, Segolene" sort="Raoux, Segolene" uniqKey="Raoux S" first="Segolene" last="Raoux">Segolene Raoux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>INSERM U525, Faculté de Medecine</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chalmers, John" sort="Chalmers, John" uniqKey="Chalmers J" first="John" last="Chalmers">John Chalmers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chapman, Neil" sort="Chapman, Neil" uniqKey="Chapman N" first="Neil" last="Chapman">Neil Chapman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colman, Samuel" sort="Colman, Samuel" uniqKey="Colman S" first="Samuel" last="Colman">Samuel Colman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leguennec, Solenn" sort="Leguennec, Solenn" uniqKey="Leguennec S" first="Solenn" last="Leguennec">Solenn Leguennec</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U360, Hopital de la Salpetriere</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macmahon, Stephen" sort="Macmahon, Stephen" uniqKey="Macmahon S" first="Stephen" last="Macmahon">Stephen Macmahon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neal, Bruce" sort="Neal, Bruce" uniqKey="Neal B" first="Bruce" last="Neal">Bruce Neal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" sort="Ohkubo, Takayoshi" uniqKey="Ohkubo T" first="Takayoshi" last="Ohkubo">Takayoshi Ohkubo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woodward, Mark" sort="Woodward, Mark" uniqKey="Woodward M" first="Mark" last="Woodward">Mark Woodward</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Hypertension : (Dallas, Tex. 1979)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Hypertension : (Dallas Tex., 1979)</title><idno type="ISSN">0194-911X</idno><imprint><date when="2003">2003</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Hypertension : (Dallas, Tex. 1979)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Hypertension : (Dallas Tex., 1979)</title><idno type="ISSN">0194-911X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antihypertensive agent</term><term>Arterial pressure</term><term>Chemotherapy</term><term>Controlled therapeutic trial</term><term>Coronary heart disease</term><term>Enzyme inhibitor</term><term>Gene</term><term>Genetic determinism</term><term>Human</term><term>Peptidyl-dipeptidase A</term><term>Perindopril</term><term>Polymorphism</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Stroke</term><term>Treatment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cardiopathie coronaire</term><term>Peptidyl-dipeptidase A</term><term>Gène</term><term>Polymorphisme</term><term>Pression artérielle</term><term>Essai thérapeutique contrôlé</term><term>Périndopril</term><term>Inhibiteur enzyme</term><term>Accident cérébrovasculaire</term><term>Chimiothérapie</term><term>Traitement</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Déterminisme génétique</term><term>Homme</term><term>Antihypertenseur</term><term>Angiotensin converting enzyme</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene might have consequences for the risks of vascular diseases. We examined the ACE genotype and the effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering regimen on macrovascular events, dementia, and cognitive decline among hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. ACE I/D genotypes were measured in 5688 of 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack who participated in the PROGRESS trial. The DD genotype was significantly (P<0.0001) less frequent in Asian subjects (Chinese and Japanese, 14.7%) than in non-Asian subjects (32.0%). Controlling for racial background, there were no associations between ACE genotypes and cerebrovascular disease history or cardiovascular risk factors, including baseline blood pressure. The ACE genotype was not associated with the long-term risks of stroke, cardiac events, mortality, dementia, or cognitive decline; neither did the ACE genotype predict the blood pressure reduction associated with the use of the ACE inhibitor perindopril. Similarly, there was no evidence that the ACE genotype modified the relative benefits of ACE inhibitor-based therapy over placebo. This study provides no evidence that in patients with cerebrovascular disease, knowledge of ACE genotype is useful for predicting either the risk of disease or the benefits of perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering treatment.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0194-911X</s0></fA01><fA02 i1="01"><s0>HPRTDN</s0></fA02><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Hypertension : (Dallas Tex., 1979)</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>42</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>3</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with the blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits of ACE inhibition</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>HARRAP (Stephen B.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>TZOURIO (Christophe)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>CAMBIEN (Francois)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>POIRIER (Odette)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>RAOUX (Segolene)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>CHALMERS (John)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>CHAPMAN (Neil)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>COLMAN (Samuel)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="09" i2="1"><s1>LEGUENNEC (Solenn)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="10" i2="1"><s1>MACMAHON (Stephen)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="11" i2="1"><s1>NEAL (Bruce)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="12" i2="1"><s1>OHKUBO (Takayoshi)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="13" i2="1"><s1>WOODWARD (Mark)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne</s1><s2>Melbourne</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM U360, Hopital de la Salpetriere</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>INSERM U525, Faculté de Medecine</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute for International Health, University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>297-303</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2003</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>18059</s2><s5>354000113029820120</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2004 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>32 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>04-0070201</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Hypertension : (Dallas, Tex. 1979)</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene might have consequences for the risks of vascular diseases. We examined the ACE genotype and the effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering regimen on macrovascular events, dementia, and cognitive decline among hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. ACE I/D genotypes were measured in 5688 of 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack who participated in the PROGRESS trial. The DD genotype was significantly (P<0.0001) less frequent in Asian subjects (Chinese and Japanese, 14.7%) than in non-Asian subjects (32.0%). Controlling for racial background, there were no associations between ACE genotypes and cerebrovascular disease history or cardiovascular risk factors, including baseline blood pressure. The ACE genotype was not associated with the long-term risks of stroke, cardiac events, mortality, dementia, or cognitive decline; neither did the ACE genotype predict the blood pressure reduction associated with the use of the ACE inhibitor perindopril. Similarly, there was no evidence that the ACE genotype modified the relative benefits of ACE inhibitor-based therapy over placebo. This study provides no evidence that in patients with cerebrovascular disease, knowledge of ACE genotype is useful for predicting either the risk of disease or the benefits of perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering treatment.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B02F05</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Cardiopathie coronaire</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coronary heart disease</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Cardiopatía coronaria</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidase A</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidase A</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidase A</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Gène</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Gene</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Gen</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Polymorphisme</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Polymorphism</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Polimorfismo</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pression artérielle</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Arterial pressure</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Presión arterial</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Essai thérapeutique contrôlé</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Controlled therapeutic trial</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Ensayo terapéutico controlado</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Périndopril</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Perindopril</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Perindopril</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Inhibiteur enzyme</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Enzyme inhibitor</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Inhibidor enzima</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Accident cérébrovasculaire</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Stroke</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Accidente cerebrovascular</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Chimiothérapie</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Chemotherapy</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Quimioterapia</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Traitement</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Treatment</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Tratamiento</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pronostic</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Prognosis</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Pronóstico</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Déterminisme génétique</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Genetic determinism</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Determinismo genético</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Homme</s0><s5>20</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Human</s0><s5>20</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hombre</s0><s5>20</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Antihypertenseur</s0><s5>31</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Antihypertensive agent</s0><s5>31</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Antihipertensivo</s0><s5>31</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiotensin converting enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2><s4>INC</s4><s5>86</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Peptidyl-dipeptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Peptidases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hydrolases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enzima</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Appareil circulatoire pathologie</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cardiovascular disease</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Aparato circulatorio patología</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Système nerveux pathologie</s0><s5>69</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nervous system diseases</s0><s5>69</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervioso patología</s0><s5>69</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Système nerveux central pathologie</s0><s5>70</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Central nervous system disease</s0><s5>70</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervosio central patología</s0><s5>70</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Encéphale pathologie</s0><s5>71</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cerebral disorder</s0><s5>71</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Encéfalo patología</s0><s5>71</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Cérébrovasculaire pathologie</s0><s5>72</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cerebrovascular disease</s0><s5>72</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Vaso sanguíneo encéfalo patología</s0><s5>72</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Vaisseau sanguin pathologie</s0><s5>74</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vascular disease</s0><s5>74</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Vaso sanguíneo patología</s0><s5>74</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>047</s1></fN21><fN82><s1>PSI</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= The ACE gene I/D polymorphism is not associated with the blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits of ACE inhibition
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