AustralieFrV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 001A85

The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?

Identifieur interne : 001A85 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 001A84; suivant : 001A86

The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?

Auteurs : Delphine Verrier ; Christophe Guinet ; Matthieu Authier ; Yann Tremblay ; Scott Shaffer ; Daniel P. Costa ; René Groscolas ; John P. Y. Arnould

Source :

Functional ecology : (Print) [ 0269-8463 ] ; 2011.

RBID : Pascal:11-0337538

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Développement, Plongée, Aptitude, Jeûne alimentaire, Aérobie, Plongeon, Comportement, Plasticité, Physiologie, Croissance, Stratégie, Oxygène, Sevrage, Arctocephalus tropicalis.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Ability, Aerobe, Behavior, Development, Dive, Diving, Fasting, Growth, Oxygen, Physiology, Plasticity, Strategy, Weaning.

Abstract

1. A major hypothesis of life-history theory is that conditions of early development affect future survival and reproductive success. Responses to detrimental environments during early ontogeny may involve trade-offs between current and future fitness. Yet, the functional mechanisms involved in such evolutionary trade-offs remain poorly documented. 2. The physiological and behavioural ontogeny of diving abilities was examined in subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis Gray) pups to assess whether the repeated extreme fasts they naturally endure throughout the period of maternal dependence impacts on their development. 3. The ontogeny of pup body oxygen storage capacity was slow, in particular for the muscle compartment, which shows limited increase in myoglobin content (0.23-0.85 g 100 g wet muscle^-1). As a consequence, by the time of weaning, mass-specific oxygen stores had only reached 76%, 24% and 61 % of adult female capacity for blood, muscle and total, respectively. Concomitantly, in marked contrast to other pinniped infants, they spent decreasing amounts of time in water (16-7%) with age and exhibited very little diving experience and skills. 4. Overall, in addition to experiencing the longest fasting durations throughout the maternal dependence period, subantarctic fur seal pups demonstrate the lowest levels of mass-specific total oxygen stores and maximum dive duration of any otariid near the age of weaning reported to date. 5. Furthermore, dives that exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit occurred with a very low frequency (0.04%), suggesting that behavioural limitations linked to the necessity to conserve energy to survive repeated fasting, rather than restricted oxygen storage capacity, constrained pup diving behaviour. 6. Hence, these animals appear to trade-off the early development of both their physiological and behavioural diving abilities in favour of body fat accumulation to survive the prolonged fasts they must endure and, potentially, provide a nutritional buffer while they locate appropriate food patches after weaning. While promoting pre-weaning survival, this strategy renders pups more vulnerable to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions and food availability at the transition to independent foraging and, thus, could have negative impact on post-weaning survival.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 11-0337538 INIST
ET :	The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?
AU :	VERRIER (Delphine); GUINET (Christophe); AUTHIER (Matthieu); TREMBLAY (Yann); SHAFFER (Scott); COSTA (Daniel P.); GROSCOLAS (René); ARNOULD (John P. Y.)
AF :	Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne/Parkville, Victoria 3010/Australie (1 aut.); Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, UMR 7178 CNRS-UdS, 23 rue Becquerel/67087 Strasbourg/France (1 aut., 7 aut.); Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UPR 1934 CNRS/79360 Villiers-en-Bois/France (2 aut., 3 aut.); Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Lab, University of California/Santa Cruz, CA 95060/Etats-Unis (4 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut.); Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, One Washington Square/San Jose, CA 95192/Etats-Unis (5 aut.); School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University/Burwood, Victoria 3125/Australie (8 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Functional ecology : (Print); ISSN 0269-8463; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2011; Vol. 25; No. 4; Pp. 818-828; Bibl. 1 p.3/4
LA :	Anglais
EA :	1. A major hypothesis of life-history theory is that conditions of early development affect future survival and reproductive success. Responses to detrimental environments during early ontogeny may involve trade-offs between current and future fitness. Yet, the functional mechanisms involved in such evolutionary trade-offs remain poorly documented. 2. The physiological and behavioural ontogeny of diving abilities was examined in subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis Gray) pups to assess whether the repeated extreme fasts they naturally endure throughout the period of maternal dependence impacts on their development. 3. The ontogeny of pup body oxygen storage capacity was slow, in particular for the muscle compartment, which shows limited increase in myoglobin content (0.23-0.85 g 100 g wet muscle^-1). As a consequence, by the time of weaning, mass-specific oxygen stores had only reached 76%, 24% and 61 % of adult female capacity for blood, muscle and total, respectively. Concomitantly, in marked contrast to other pinniped infants, they spent decreasing amounts of time in water (16-7%) with age and exhibited very little diving experience and skills. 4. Overall, in addition to experiencing the longest fasting durations throughout the maternal dependence period, subantarctic fur seal pups demonstrate the lowest levels of mass-specific total oxygen stores and maximum dive duration of any otariid near the age of weaning reported to date. 5. Furthermore, dives that exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit occurred with a very low frequency (0.04%), suggesting that behavioural limitations linked to the necessity to conserve energy to survive repeated fasting, rather than restricted oxygen storage capacity, constrained pup diving behaviour. 6. Hence, these animals appear to trade-off the early development of both their physiological and behavioural diving abilities in favour of body fat accumulation to survive the prolonged fasts they must endure and, potentially, provide a nutritional buffer while they locate appropriate food patches after weaning. While promoting pre-weaning survival, this strategy renders pups more vulnerable to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions and food availability at the transition to independent foraging and, thus, could have negative impact on post-weaning survival.
CC :	002A14B02A; 002A15E
FD :	Développement; Plongée; Aptitude; Jeûne alimentaire; Aérobie; Plongeon; Comportement; Plasticité; Physiologie; Croissance; Stratégie; Oxygène; Sevrage; Arctocephalus tropicalis
FG :	Carnivora; Mammalia; Vertebrata; Caniformia; Otariidae
ED :	Development; Diving; Ability; Fasting; Aerobe; Dive; Behavior; Plasticity; Physiology; Growth; Strategy; Oxygen; Weaning
EG :	Carnivora; Mammalia; Vertebrata
SD :	Desarrollo; Inmersión; Aptitud; Ayuno alimenticio; Aerobio; Buceo; Conducta; Plasticidad; Fisiología; Crecimiento; Estrategia; Oxígeno; Destete
LO :	INIST-21184.354000509405020110
ID :	11-0337538

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Arnould, John P Y" sort="Arnould, John P Y" uniqKey="Arnould J" first="John P. Y." last="Arnould">John P. Y. Arnould</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University</s1>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Ability</term>
<term>Aerobe</term>
<term>Behavior</term>
<term>Development</term>
<term>Dive</term>
<term>Diving</term>
<term>Fasting</term>
<term>Growth</term>
<term>Oxygen</term>
<term>Physiology</term>
<term>Plasticity</term>
<term>Strategy</term>
<term>Weaning</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Développement</term>
<term>Plongée</term>
<term>Aptitude</term>
<term>Jeûne alimentaire</term>
<term>Aérobie</term>
<term>Plongeon</term>
<term>Comportement</term>
<term>Plasticité</term>
<term>Physiologie</term>
<term>Croissance</term>
<term>Stratégie</term>
<term>Oxygène</term>
<term>Sevrage</term>
<term>Arctocephalus tropicalis</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">1. A major hypothesis of life-history theory is that conditions of early development affect future survival and reproductive success. Responses to detrimental environments during early ontogeny may involve trade-offs between current and future fitness. Yet, the functional mechanisms involved in such evolutionary trade-offs remain poorly documented. 2. The physiological and behavioural ontogeny of diving abilities was examined in subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis Gray) pups to assess whether the repeated extreme fasts they naturally endure throughout the period of maternal dependence impacts on their development. 3. The ontogeny of pup body oxygen storage capacity was slow, in particular for the muscle compartment, which shows limited increase in myoglobin content (0.23-0.85 g 100 g wet muscle<sup>-1</sup>
). As a consequence, by the time of weaning, mass-specific oxygen stores had only reached 76%, 24% and 61 % of adult female capacity for blood, muscle and total, respectively. Concomitantly, in marked contrast to other pinniped infants, they spent decreasing amounts of time in water (16-7%) with age and exhibited very little diving experience and skills. 4. Overall, in addition to experiencing the longest fasting durations throughout the maternal dependence period, subantarctic fur seal pups demonstrate the lowest levels of mass-specific total oxygen stores and maximum dive duration of any otariid near the age of weaning reported to date. 5. Furthermore, dives that exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit occurred with a very low frequency (0.04%), suggesting that behavioural limitations linked to the necessity to conserve energy to survive repeated fasting, rather than restricted oxygen storage capacity, constrained pup diving behaviour. 6. Hence, these animals appear to trade-off the early development of both their physiological and behavioural diving abilities in favour of body fat accumulation to survive the prolonged fasts they must endure and, potentially, provide a nutritional buffer while they locate appropriate food patches after weaning. While promoting pre-weaning survival, this strategy renders pups more vulnerable to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions and food availability at the transition to independent foraging and, thus, could have negative impact on post-weaning survival.</div>
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<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
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<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, One Washington Square</s1>
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<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
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). As a consequence, by the time of weaning, mass-specific oxygen stores had only reached 76%, 24% and 61 % of adult female capacity for blood, muscle and total, respectively. Concomitantly, in marked contrast to other pinniped infants, they spent decreasing amounts of time in water (16-7%) with age and exhibited very little diving experience and skills. 4. Overall, in addition to experiencing the longest fasting durations throughout the maternal dependence period, subantarctic fur seal pups demonstrate the lowest levels of mass-specific total oxygen stores and maximum dive duration of any otariid near the age of weaning reported to date. 5. Furthermore, dives that exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit occurred with a very low frequency (0.04%), suggesting that behavioural limitations linked to the necessity to conserve energy to survive repeated fasting, rather than restricted oxygen storage capacity, constrained pup diving behaviour. 6. Hence, these animals appear to trade-off the early development of both their physiological and behavioural diving abilities in favour of body fat accumulation to survive the prolonged fasts they must endure and, potentially, provide a nutritional buffer while they locate appropriate food patches after weaning. While promoting pre-weaning survival, this strategy renders pups more vulnerable to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions and food availability at the transition to independent foraging and, thus, could have negative impact on post-weaning survival.</s0>
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<ET>The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?</ET>
<AU>VERRIER (Delphine); GUINET (Christophe); AUTHIER (Matthieu); TREMBLAY (Yann); SHAFFER (Scott); COSTA (Daniel P.); GROSCOLAS (René); ARNOULD (John P. Y.)</AU>
<AF>Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne/Parkville, Victoria 3010/Australie (1 aut.); Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, UMR 7178 CNRS-UdS, 23 rue Becquerel/67087 Strasbourg/France (1 aut., 7 aut.); Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UPR 1934 CNRS/79360 Villiers-en-Bois/France (2 aut., 3 aut.); Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Lab, University of California/Santa Cruz, CA 95060/Etats-Unis (4 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut.); Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, One Washington Square/San Jose, CA 95192/Etats-Unis (5 aut.); School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University/Burwood, Victoria 3125/Australie (8 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Functional ecology : (Print); ISSN 0269-8463; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2011; Vol. 25; No. 4; Pp. 818-828; Bibl. 1 p.3/4</SO>
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<EA>1. A major hypothesis of life-history theory is that conditions of early development affect future survival and reproductive success. Responses to detrimental environments during early ontogeny may involve trade-offs between current and future fitness. Yet, the functional mechanisms involved in such evolutionary trade-offs remain poorly documented. 2. The physiological and behavioural ontogeny of diving abilities was examined in subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis Gray) pups to assess whether the repeated extreme fasts they naturally endure throughout the period of maternal dependence impacts on their development. 3. The ontogeny of pup body oxygen storage capacity was slow, in particular for the muscle compartment, which shows limited increase in myoglobin content (0.23-0.85 g 100 g wet muscle<sup>-1</sup>
). As a consequence, by the time of weaning, mass-specific oxygen stores had only reached 76%, 24% and 61 % of adult female capacity for blood, muscle and total, respectively. Concomitantly, in marked contrast to other pinniped infants, they spent decreasing amounts of time in water (16-7%) with age and exhibited very little diving experience and skills. 4. Overall, in addition to experiencing the longest fasting durations throughout the maternal dependence period, subantarctic fur seal pups demonstrate the lowest levels of mass-specific total oxygen stores and maximum dive duration of any otariid near the age of weaning reported to date. 5. Furthermore, dives that exceeded the calculated aerobic dive limit occurred with a very low frequency (0.04%), suggesting that behavioural limitations linked to the necessity to conserve energy to survive repeated fasting, rather than restricted oxygen storage capacity, constrained pup diving behaviour. 6. Hence, these animals appear to trade-off the early development of both their physiological and behavioural diving abilities in favour of body fat accumulation to survive the prolonged fasts they must endure and, potentially, provide a nutritional buffer while they locate appropriate food patches after weaning. While promoting pre-weaning survival, this strategy renders pups more vulnerable to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions and food availability at the transition to independent foraging and, thus, could have negative impact on post-weaning survival.</EA>
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The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?

The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?

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