Ultra-Stable Very-Low Phase-Noise Signal Source for Very Long Baseline Interferometry Using a Cryocooled Sapphire Oscillator
Identifieur interne : 001675 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 001674; suivant : 001676Ultra-Stable Very-Low Phase-Noise Signal Source for Very Long Baseline Interferometry Using a Cryocooled Sapphire Oscillator
Auteurs : Nitin R. Nand ; John G. Hartnett ; Eugene N. Ivanov ; Giorgio SantarelliSource :
- IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques [ 0018-9480 ] ; 2011.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Circuit faible bruit, Bruit phase, Source bruit, Radioastronomie, Oscillateur, Implémentation, Synthétiseur fréquence, Circuit numérique, Diviseur, Méthode directe, Synthétiseur numérique, Circuit accordable, Stabilité fréquence, Bande latérale unique, Fonction cohérence, Facteur mérite, Maser, Cryogénie, Température cryogénique, Composite ordre 2, Cohérence, Circuit intégré.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Coherence, Coherence function, Composite second order, Cryogenic temperature, Cryogenics, Digital circuit, Digital synthesizer, Direct method, Divider, Figure of merit, Frequency stability, Frequency synthesizer, Implementation, Integrated circuit, Low noise circuit, Maser, Noise source, Oscillator, Phase noise, Radio astronomy, Single sideband, Tunable circuit.
Abstract
The design and implementation of a novel frequency synthesizer based on low phase-noise digital dividers and a direct digital synthesizer is presented. The synthesis produces two low-noise accurate tunable signals at 10 and 100 MHz. We report the measured residual phase noise and frequency stability of the synthesizer and estimate the total frequency stability, which can be expected from the synthesizer seeded with a signal near 11.2 GHz from an ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillator (cryoCSO). The synthesizer residual single-sideband phase noise, at 1-Hz offset, on 10- and 100-MHz signals was -135 and -130 dBc/Hz, respectively. The frequency stability contributions of these two signals was σy = 9 × 10-15 and σy = 2.2 × 10-15, respectively, at 1-s integration time. The Allan deviation of the total fractional frequency noise on the 10- and 100-MHz signals derived from the synthesizer with the cryoCSO may be estimated, respectively, as σy ≃ 5.2 × 10-15τ-1 + 3.6 × 10-15τ-1/2 + 4 × 10-16 and σy ≃ 2 × 10-15τ-1/2 + 3 x 10-16, respectively, for 1 < r < 104 s. We also calculate the coherence function (a figure of merit for very long baseline interferometry in radio astronomy) for observation frequencies of 100, 230, and 345 GHz, when using the cryoCSO and a hydrogen maser. The results show that the cryoCSO offers a significant advantage at frequencies above 100 GHz.
Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)
Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.
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Format Inist (serveur)
NO : | PASCAL 12-0043518 INIST |
---|---|
ET : | Ultra-Stable Very-Low Phase-Noise Signal Source for Very Long Baseline Interferometry Using a Cryocooled Sapphire Oscillator |
AU : | NAND (Nitin R.); HARTNETT (John G.); IVANOV (Eugene N.); SANTARELLI (Giorgio) |
AF : | School of Physics, University of Western Australia/Crawley 6009, W.A/Australie (1 aut., 2 aut., 3 aut.); Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais Sytemes de Reference Temps Espace (LNE-SYRTE), Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)/75014 Paris/France (4 aut.) |
DT : | Publication en série; Niveau analytique |
SO : | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques; ISSN 0018-9480; Coden IETMAB; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 59; No. 11; Pp. 2978-2986; Bibl. 22 ref. |
LA : | Anglais |
EA : | The design and implementation of a novel frequency synthesizer based on low phase-noise digital dividers and a direct digital synthesizer is presented. The synthesis produces two low-noise accurate tunable signals at 10 and 100 MHz. We report the measured residual phase noise and frequency stability of the synthesizer and estimate the total frequency stability, which can be expected from the synthesizer seeded with a signal near 11.2 GHz from an ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillator (cryoCSO). The synthesizer residual single-sideband phase noise, at 1-Hz offset, on 10- and 100-MHz signals was -135 and -130 dBc/Hz, respectively. The frequency stability contributions of these two signals was σy = 9 × 10-15 and σy = 2.2 × 10-15, respectively, at 1-s integration time. The Allan deviation of the total fractional frequency noise on the 10- and 100-MHz signals derived from the synthesizer with the cryoCSO may be estimated, respectively, as σy ≃ 5.2 × 10-15τ-1 + 3.6 × 10-15τ-1/2 + 4 × 10-16 and σy ≃ 2 × 10-15τ-1/2 + 3 x 10-16, respectively, for 1 < r < 104 s. We also calculate the coherence function (a figure of merit for very long baseline interferometry in radio astronomy) for observation frequencies of 100, 230, and 345 GHz, when using the cryoCSO and a hydrogen maser. The results show that the cryoCSO offers a significant advantage at frequencies above 100 GHz. |
CC : | 001D03G02A1; 001D03G02A6; 001D03F06B; 001D03E |
FD : | Circuit faible bruit; Bruit phase; Source bruit; Radioastronomie; Oscillateur; Implémentation; Synthétiseur fréquence; Circuit numérique; Diviseur; Méthode directe; Synthétiseur numérique; Circuit accordable; Stabilité fréquence; Bande latérale unique; Fonction cohérence; Facteur mérite; Maser; Cryogénie; Température cryogénique; Composite ordre 2; Cohérence; Circuit intégré |
ED : | Low noise circuit; Phase noise; Noise source; Radio astronomy; Oscillator; Implementation; Frequency synthesizer; Digital circuit; Divider; Direct method; Digital synthesizer; Tunable circuit; Frequency stability; Single sideband; Coherence function; Figure of merit; Maser; Cryogenics; Cryogenic temperature; Composite second order; Coherence; Integrated circuit |
SD : | Circuito débil ruido; Ruido fase; Fuente ruido; Radioastronomía; Oscilador; Implementación; Sintetizador frecuencia; Circuito numérico; Divisor; Método directo; Sintetizador numérico; Circuito acordable; Estabilidad frecuencia; Banda lateral única; Función coherencia; Factor mérito; Maser; Criogenia; Temperatura criogénica; Compuesto orden 2; Coherencia; Circuito integrado |
LO : | INIST-222G2.354000506007180220 |
ID : | 12-0043518 |
Links to Exploration step
Pascal:12-0043518Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The design and implementation of a novel frequency synthesizer based on low phase-noise digital dividers and a direct digital synthesizer is presented. The synthesis produces two low-noise accurate tunable signals at 10 and 100 MHz. We report the measured residual phase noise and frequency stability of the synthesizer and estimate the total frequency stability, which can be expected from the synthesizer seeded with a signal near 11.2 GHz from an ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillator (cryoCSO). The synthesizer residual single-sideband phase noise, at 1-Hz offset, on 10- and 100-MHz signals was -135 and -130 dBc/Hz, respectively. The frequency stability contributions of these two signals was σ<sub>y</sub>
= 9 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
= 2.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
, respectively, at 1-s integration time. The Allan deviation of the total fractional frequency noise on the 10- and 100-MHz signals derived from the synthesizer with the cryoCSO may be estimated, respectively, as σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 5.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1</sup>
+ 3.6 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 4 × 10<sup>-16</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 3 x 10-<sup>16</sup>
, respectively, for 1 < r < 10<sup>4</sup>
s. We also calculate the coherence function (a figure of merit for very long baseline interferometry in radio astronomy) for observation frequencies of 100, 230, and 345 GHz, when using the cryoCSO and a hydrogen maser. The results show that the cryoCSO offers a significant advantage at frequencies above 100 GHz.</div>
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= 9 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
= 2.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
, respectively, at 1-s integration time. The Allan deviation of the total fractional frequency noise on the 10- and 100-MHz signals derived from the synthesizer with the cryoCSO may be estimated, respectively, as σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 5.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1</sup>
+ 3.6 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 4 × 10<sup>-16</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 3 x 10-<sup>16</sup>
, respectively, for 1 < r < 10<sup>4</sup>
s. We also calculate the coherence function (a figure of merit for very long baseline interferometry in radio astronomy) for observation frequencies of 100, 230, and 345 GHz, when using the cryoCSO and a hydrogen maser. The results show that the cryoCSO offers a significant advantage at frequencies above 100 GHz.</s0>
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<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Circuito acordable</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Stabilité fréquence</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Frequency stability</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estabilidad frecuencia</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Bande latérale unique</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Single sideband</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Banda lateral única</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Fonction cohérence</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coherence function</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Función coherencia</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Facteur mérite</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Figure of merit</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Factor mérito</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maser</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Maser</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Maser</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Cryogénie</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cryogenics</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Criogenia</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Température cryogénique</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cryogenic temperature</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Temperatura criogénica</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Composite ordre 2</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Composite second order</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Compuesto orden 2</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Cohérence</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Coherence</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Coherencia</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Circuit intégré</s0>
<s5>46</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Integrated circuit</s0>
<s5>46</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="22" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Circuito integrado</s0>
<s5>46</s5>
</fC03>
<fN21><s1>023</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 12-0043518 INIST</NO>
<ET>Ultra-Stable Very-Low Phase-Noise Signal Source for Very Long Baseline Interferometry Using a Cryocooled Sapphire Oscillator</ET>
<AU>NAND (Nitin R.); HARTNETT (John G.); IVANOV (Eugene N.); SANTARELLI (Giorgio)</AU>
<AF>School of Physics, University of Western Australia/Crawley 6009, W.A/Australie (1 aut., 2 aut., 3 aut.); Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais Sytemes de Reference Temps Espace (LNE-SYRTE), Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)/75014 Paris/France (4 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques; ISSN 0018-9480; Coden IETMAB; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 59; No. 11; Pp. 2978-2986; Bibl. 22 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>The design and implementation of a novel frequency synthesizer based on low phase-noise digital dividers and a direct digital synthesizer is presented. The synthesis produces two low-noise accurate tunable signals at 10 and 100 MHz. We report the measured residual phase noise and frequency stability of the synthesizer and estimate the total frequency stability, which can be expected from the synthesizer seeded with a signal near 11.2 GHz from an ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillator (cryoCSO). The synthesizer residual single-sideband phase noise, at 1-Hz offset, on 10- and 100-MHz signals was -135 and -130 dBc/Hz, respectively. The frequency stability contributions of these two signals was σ<sub>y</sub>
= 9 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
= 2.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
, respectively, at 1-s integration time. The Allan deviation of the total fractional frequency noise on the 10- and 100-MHz signals derived from the synthesizer with the cryoCSO may be estimated, respectively, as σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 5.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1</sup>
+ 3.6 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 4 × 10<sup>-16</sup>
and σ<sub>y</sub>
≃ 2 × 10<sup>-15</sup>
τ<sup>-1/2</sup>
+ 3 x 10-<sup>16</sup>
, respectively, for 1 < r < 10<sup>4</sup>
s. We also calculate the coherence function (a figure of merit for very long baseline interferometry in radio astronomy) for observation frequencies of 100, 230, and 345 GHz, when using the cryoCSO and a hydrogen maser. The results show that the cryoCSO offers a significant advantage at frequencies above 100 GHz.</EA>
<CC>001D03G02A1; 001D03G02A6; 001D03F06B; 001D03E</CC>
<FD>Circuit faible bruit; Bruit phase; Source bruit; Radioastronomie; Oscillateur; Implémentation; Synthétiseur fréquence; Circuit numérique; Diviseur; Méthode directe; Synthétiseur numérique; Circuit accordable; Stabilité fréquence; Bande latérale unique; Fonction cohérence; Facteur mérite; Maser; Cryogénie; Température cryogénique; Composite ordre 2; Cohérence; Circuit intégré</FD>
<ED>Low noise circuit; Phase noise; Noise source; Radio astronomy; Oscillator; Implementation; Frequency synthesizer; Digital circuit; Divider; Direct method; Digital synthesizer; Tunable circuit; Frequency stability; Single sideband; Coherence function; Figure of merit; Maser; Cryogenics; Cryogenic temperature; Composite second order; Coherence; Integrated circuit</ED>
<SD>Circuito débil ruido; Ruido fase; Fuente ruido; Radioastronomía; Oscilador; Implementación; Sintetizador frecuencia; Circuito numérico; Divisor; Método directo; Sintetizador numérico; Circuito acordable; Estabilidad frecuencia; Banda lateral única; Función coherencia; Factor mérito; Maser; Criogenia; Temperatura criogénica; Compuesto orden 2; Coherencia; Circuito integrado</SD>
<LO>INIST-222G2.354000506007180220</LO>
<ID>12-0043518</ID>
</server>
</inist>
</record>
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