Global CO2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column
Identifieur interne : 000568 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000567; suivant : 000569Global CO2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column
Auteurs : F. Chevallier ; N. M. Deutscher ; T. J. Conway ; P. Ciais ; L. Ciattaglia ; S. Dohe ; M. Fröhlich ; A. J. Gomez-Pelaez ; D. Griffith ; F. Hase ; L. Haszpra ; P. Krummel ; E. Kyrö ; C. Labuschagne ; R. Langenfelds ; T. Machida ; F. Maignan ; H. Matsueda ; I. Morino ; J. Notholt ; M. Ramonet ; Y. Sawa ; M. Schmidt ; V. Sherlock ; P. Steele ; K. Strong ; R. Sussmann ; P. Wennberg ; S. Wofsy ; D. Worthy ; D. Wunch ; M. ZimnochSource :
- Geophysical research letters [ 0094-8276 ] ; 2011.
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- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
[1] We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO2 surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO2 mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO2 column.
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Format Inist (serveur)
NO : | PASCAL 14-0045410 INIST |
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ET : | Global CO2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column |
AU : | CHEVALLIER (F.); DEUTSCHER (N. M.); CONWAY (T. J.); CIAIS (P.); CIATTAGLIA (L.); DOHE (S.); FRÖHLICH (M.); GOMEZ-PELAEZ (A. J.); GRIFFITH (D.); HASE (F.); HASZPRA (L.); KRUMMEL (P.); KYRÖ (E.); LABUSCHAGNE (C.); LANGENFELDS (R.); MACHIDA (T.); MAIGNAN (F.); MATSUEDA (H.); MORINO (I.); NOTHOLT (J.); RAMONET (M.); SAWA (Y.); SCHMIDT (M.); SHERLOCK (V.); STEELE (P.); STRONG (K.); SUSSMANN (R.); WENNBERG (P.); WOFSY (S.); WORTHY (D.); WUNCH (D.); ZIMNOCH (M.) |
AF : | Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ/Gif-sur-Yvette/France (1 aut., 4 aut., 17 aut., 21 aut., 23 aut.); Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen/Bremen/Allemagne (2 aut., 20 aut.); School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong/New South Wales/Australie (2 aut., 9 aut.); Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (3 aut.); ICES, CNR-IDAC/Rome/Italie (5 aut.); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology/Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/Allemagne (6 aut., 10 aut.); Umweltbundesamt GmbH/Vienna/Autriche (7 aut.); Meteorological State Agency of Spain/Santa Cruz de Tenerife/Espagne (8 aut.); Hungarian Meteorological Service/Budapest/Hongrie (11 aut.); CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research/Aspendale, Victoria/Australie (12 aut., 15 aut., 25 aut.); Arctic Research Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute/Helsinki/Finlande (13 aut.); South African Weather Service/Stellenbosch/Afrique du Sud (14 aut.); National Institute for Environmental Studies/Tsukuba/Japon (16 aut., 19 aut.); Meteorological Research Institute/Tsukuba/Japon (18 aut., 22 aut.); National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research/Wellington/Nouvelle-Zélande (24 aut.); Department of Physics, University of Toronto/Toronto, Ontario/Canada (26 aut.); IMK-IFU/Garmisch-Partenkirchen/Allemagne (27 aut.); Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology/Pasadena, California/Etats-Unis (28 aut., 31 aut.); Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University/Cambridge, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (29 aut.); Environment Canada/Downsview, Ontario/Canada (30 aut.); Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology/Krakow/Pologne (32 aut.) |
DT : | Publication en série; Niveau analytique |
SO : | Geophysical research letters; ISSN 0094-8276; Coden GPRLAJ; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 38; No. 24; L24810.1-L24810.5; Bibl. 1/4 p. |
LA : | Anglais |
EA : | [1] We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO2 surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO2 mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO2 column. |
CC : | 001E; 001E01; 220 |
FD : | Monde; Dioxyde de carbone; Air; Carbone; Réseau observation; Problème inverse; Etude comparative; Rapport mélange; Observation par avion; Variation saisonnière; Hémisphère Nord; Echelon régional; Qualité; Incertitude; Consistance; Transport; Modèle; Précision; Surveillance; Gaz effet serre |
ED : | global; Carbon dioxide; air; carbon; Observational network; inverse problem; Comparative study; Mixing ratio; Aircraft observation; seasonal variations; Northern Hemisphere; Regional scope; quality; uncertainties; Consistency; transport; models; accuracy; monitoring; greenhouse gas |
SD : | Mundo; Carbono dióxido; Carbono; Red observación; Problema inverso; Estudio comparativo; Relación mezcla; Observación por avión; Variación estacional; Hemisferio norte; Escala regional; Calidad; Consistencia; Transporte; Modelo; Precisión; Vigilancia |
LO : | INIST-16687.354000501661240630 |
ID : | 14-0045410 |
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Pascal:14-0045410Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Wunch, D" sort="Wunch, D" uniqKey="Wunch D" first="D." last="Wunch">D. Wunch</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Global CO<sub>2 </sub>
fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO<sub>2</sub>
total column</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chevallier, F" sort="Chevallier, F" uniqKey="Chevallier F" first="F." last="Chevallier">F. Chevallier</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
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<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deutscher, N M" sort="Deutscher, N M" uniqKey="Deutscher N" first="N. M." last="Deutscher">N. M. Deutscher</name>
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<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong</s1>
<s2>New South Wales</s2>
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<author><name sortKey="Conway, T J" sort="Conway, T J" uniqKey="Conway T" first="T. J." last="Conway">T. J. Conway</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA</s1>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ciais, P" sort="Ciais, P" uniqKey="Ciais P" first="P." last="Ciais">P. Ciais</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ciattaglia, L" sort="Ciattaglia, L" uniqKey="Ciattaglia L" first="L." last="Ciattaglia">L. Ciattaglia</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>ICES, CNR-IDAC</s1>
<s2>Rome</s2>
<s3>ITA</s3>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dohe, S" sort="Dohe, S" uniqKey="Dohe S" first="S." last="Dohe">S. Dohe</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Karlsruhe Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frohlich, M" sort="Frohlich, M" uniqKey="Frohlich M" first="M." last="Fröhlich">M. Fröhlich</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Umweltbundesamt GmbH</s1>
<s2>Vienna</s2>
<s3>AUT</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gomez Pelaez, A J" sort="Gomez Pelaez, A J" uniqKey="Gomez Pelaez A" first="A. J." last="Gomez-Pelaez">A. J. Gomez-Pelaez</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Meteorological State Agency of Spain</s1>
<s2>Santa Cruz de Tenerife</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Griffith, D" sort="Griffith, D" uniqKey="Griffith D" first="D." last="Griffith">D. Griffith</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong</s1>
<s2>New South Wales</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hase, F" sort="Hase, F" uniqKey="Hase F" first="F." last="Hase">F. Hase</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Karlsruhe Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haszpra, L" sort="Haszpra, L" uniqKey="Haszpra L" first="L." last="Haszpra">L. Haszpra</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Hungarian Meteorological Service</s1>
<s2>Budapest</s2>
<s3>HUN</s3>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krummel, P" sort="Krummel, P" uniqKey="Krummel P" first="P." last="Krummel">P. Krummel</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Aspendale, Victoria</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kyro, E" sort="Kyro, E" uniqKey="Kyro E" first="E." last="Kyrö">E. Kyrö</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Arctic Research Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute</s1>
<s2>Helsinki</s2>
<s3>FIN</s3>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Labuschagne, C" sort="Labuschagne, C" uniqKey="Labuschagne C" first="C." last="Labuschagne">C. Labuschagne</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>South African Weather Service</s1>
<s2>Stellenbosch</s2>
<s3>ZAF</s3>
<sZ>14 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Langenfelds, R" sort="Langenfelds, R" uniqKey="Langenfelds R" first="R." last="Langenfelds">R. Langenfelds</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Aspendale, Victoria</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Machida, T" sort="Machida, T" uniqKey="Machida T" first="T." last="Machida">T. Machida</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>National Institute for Environmental Studies</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>19 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maignan, F" sort="Maignan, F" uniqKey="Maignan F" first="F." last="Maignan">F. Maignan</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Matsueda, H" sort="Matsueda, H" uniqKey="Matsueda H" first="H." last="Matsueda">H. Matsueda</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Meteorological Research Institute</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morino, I" sort="Morino, I" uniqKey="Morino I" first="I." last="Morino">I. Morino</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>National Institute for Environmental Studies</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>19 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Notholt, J" sort="Notholt, J" uniqKey="Notholt J" first="J." last="Notholt">J. Notholt</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen</s1>
<s2>Bremen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramonet, M" sort="Ramonet, M" uniqKey="Ramonet M" first="M." last="Ramonet">M. Ramonet</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sawa, Y" sort="Sawa, Y" uniqKey="Sawa Y" first="Y." last="Sawa">Y. Sawa</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Meteorological Research Institute</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schmidt, M" sort="Schmidt, M" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="M." last="Schmidt">M. Schmidt</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sherlock, V" sort="Sherlock, V" uniqKey="Sherlock V" first="V." last="Sherlock">V. Sherlock</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Wellington</s2>
<s3>NZL</s3>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Steele, P" sort="Steele, P" uniqKey="Steele P" first="P." last="Steele">P. Steele</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Aspendale, Victoria</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Strong, K" sort="Strong, K" uniqKey="Strong K" first="K." last="Strong">K. Strong</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Physics, University of Toronto</s1>
<s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2>
<s3>CAN</s3>
<sZ>26 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sussmann, R" sort="Sussmann, R" uniqKey="Sussmann R" first="R." last="Sussmann">R. Sussmann</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="17"><s1>IMK-IFU</s1>
<s2>Garmisch-Partenkirchen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>27 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wennberg, P" sort="Wennberg, P" uniqKey="Wennberg P" first="P." last="Wennberg">P. Wennberg</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Pasadena, California</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>28 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>31 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wofsy, S" sort="Wofsy, S" uniqKey="Wofsy S" first="S." last="Wofsy">S. Wofsy</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="19"><s1>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University</s1>
<s2>Cambridge, Massachusetts</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>29 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Worthy, D" sort="Worthy, D" uniqKey="Worthy D" first="D." last="Worthy">D. Worthy</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="20"><s1>Environment Canada</s1>
<s2>Downsview, Ontario</s2>
<s3>CAN</s3>
<sZ>30 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wunch, D" sort="Wunch, D" uniqKey="Wunch D" first="D." last="Wunch">D. Wunch</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="18"><s1>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Pasadena, California</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>28 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>31 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zimnoch, M" sort="Zimnoch, M" uniqKey="Zimnoch M" first="M." last="Zimnoch">M. Zimnoch</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="21"><s1>Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology</s1>
<s2>Krakow</s2>
<s3>POL</s3>
<sZ>32 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Geophysical research letters</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Geophys. res. lett.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0094-8276</idno>
<imprint><date when="2011">2011</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Geophysical research letters</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Geophys. res. lett.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0094-8276</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aircraft observation</term>
<term>Carbon dioxide</term>
<term>Comparative study</term>
<term>Consistency</term>
<term>Mixing ratio</term>
<term>Northern Hemisphere</term>
<term>Observational network</term>
<term>Regional scope</term>
<term>accuracy</term>
<term>air</term>
<term>carbon</term>
<term>global</term>
<term>greenhouse gas</term>
<term>inverse problem</term>
<term>models</term>
<term>monitoring</term>
<term>quality</term>
<term>seasonal variations</term>
<term>transport</term>
<term>uncertainties</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Monde</term>
<term>Dioxyde de carbone</term>
<term>Air</term>
<term>Carbone</term>
<term>Réseau observation</term>
<term>Problème inverse</term>
<term>Etude comparative</term>
<term>Rapport mélange</term>
<term>Observation par avion</term>
<term>Variation saisonnière</term>
<term>Hémisphère Nord</term>
<term>Echelon régional</term>
<term>Qualité</term>
<term>Incertitude</term>
<term>Consistance</term>
<term>Transport</term>
<term>Modèle</term>
<term>Précision</term>
<term>Surveillance</term>
<term>Gaz effet serre</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">[1] We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO<sub>2</sub>
surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO<sub>2</sub>
mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO<sub>2 </sub>
column.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0094-8276</s0>
</fA01>
<fA02 i1="01"><s0>GPRLAJ</s0>
</fA02>
<fA03 i2="1"><s0>Geophys. res. lett.</s0>
</fA03>
<fA05><s2>38</s2>
</fA05>
<fA06><s2>24</s2>
</fA06>
<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Global CO<sub>2 </sub>
fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO<sub>2</sub>
total column</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>CHEVALLIER (F.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>DEUTSCHER (N. M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>CONWAY (T. J.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>CIAIS (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>CIATTAGLIA (L.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>DOHE (S.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>FRÖHLICH (M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>GOMEZ-PELAEZ (A. J.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="09" i2="1"><s1>GRIFFITH (D.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="10" i2="1"><s1>HASE (F.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="11" i2="1"><s1>HASZPRA (L.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="12" i2="1"><s1>KRUMMEL (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="13" i2="1"><s1>KYRÖ (E.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="14" i2="1"><s1>LABUSCHAGNE (C.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="15" i2="1"><s1>LANGENFELDS (R.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="16" i2="1"><s1>MACHIDA (T.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="17" i2="1"><s1>MAIGNAN (F.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="18" i2="1"><s1>MATSUEDA (H.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="19" i2="1"><s1>MORINO (I.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="20" i2="1"><s1>NOTHOLT (J.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="21" i2="1"><s1>RAMONET (M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="22" i2="1"><s1>SAWA (Y.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="23" i2="1"><s1>SCHMIDT (M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="24" i2="1"><s1>SHERLOCK (V.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="25" i2="1"><s1>STEELE (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="26" i2="1"><s1>STRONG (K.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="27" i2="1"><s1>SUSSMANN (R.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="28" i2="1"><s1>WENNBERG (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="29" i2="1"><s1>WOFSY (S.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="30" i2="1"><s1>WORTHY (D.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="31" i2="1"><s1>WUNCH (D.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="32" i2="1"><s1>ZIMNOCH (M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ</s1>
<s2>Gif-sur-Yvette</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen</s1>
<s2>Bremen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong</s1>
<s2>New South Wales</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="04"><s1>Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA</s1>
<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="05"><s1>ICES, CNR-IDAC</s1>
<s2>Rome</s2>
<s3>ITA</s3>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="06"><s1>Karlsruhe Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="07"><s1>Umweltbundesamt GmbH</s1>
<s2>Vienna</s2>
<s3>AUT</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="08"><s1>Meteorological State Agency of Spain</s1>
<s2>Santa Cruz de Tenerife</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="09"><s1>Hungarian Meteorological Service</s1>
<s2>Budapest</s2>
<s3>HUN</s3>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="10"><s1>CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Aspendale, Victoria</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="11"><s1>Arctic Research Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute</s1>
<s2>Helsinki</s2>
<s3>FIN</s3>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="12"><s1>South African Weather Service</s1>
<s2>Stellenbosch</s2>
<s3>ZAF</s3>
<sZ>14 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="13"><s1>National Institute for Environmental Studies</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>19 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="14"><s1>Meteorological Research Institute</s1>
<s2>Tsukuba</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="15"><s1>National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Wellington</s2>
<s3>NZL</s3>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Physics, University of Toronto</s1>
<s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2>
<s3>CAN</s3>
<sZ>26 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="17"><s1>IMK-IFU</s1>
<s2>Garmisch-Partenkirchen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>27 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="18"><s1>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology</s1>
<s2>Pasadena, California</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>28 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>31 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="19"><s1>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University</s1>
<s2>Cambridge, Massachusetts</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>29 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="20"><s1>Environment Canada</s1>
<s2>Downsview, Ontario</s2>
<s3>CAN</s3>
<sZ>30 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="21"><s1>Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology</s1>
<s2>Krakow</s2>
<s3>POL</s3>
<sZ>32 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s2>L24810.1-L24810.5</s2>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>2011</s1>
</fA21>
<fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0>
</fA23>
<fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1>
<s2>16687</s2>
<s5>354000501661240630</s5>
</fA43>
<fA44><s0>0000</s0>
<s1>© 2014 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1>
</fA44>
<fA45><s0>1/4 p.</s0>
</fA45>
<fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>14-0045410</s0>
</fA47>
<fA60><s1>P</s1>
</fA60>
<fA61><s0>A</s0>
</fA61>
<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Geophysical research letters</s0>
</fA64>
<fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0>
</fA66>
<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>[1] We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO<sub>2</sub>
surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO<sub>2</sub>
mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO<sub>2 </sub>
column.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="3"><s0>001E</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="02" i2="2"><s0>001E01</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="03" i2="2"><s0>220</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Monde</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>global</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Mundo</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dioxyde de carbone</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Carbon dioxide</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Carbono dióxido</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Air</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>air</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Carbone</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>carbon</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Carbono</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Réseau observation</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Observational network</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Red observación</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Problème inverse</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>inverse problem</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Problema inverso</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etude comparative</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Comparative study</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estudio comparativo</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Rapport mélange</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Mixing ratio</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Relación mezcla</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Observation par avion</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Aircraft observation</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Observación por avión</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Variation saisonnière</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>seasonal variations</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Variación estacional</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Hémisphère Nord</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Northern Hemisphere</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Hemisferio norte</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Echelon régional</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Regional scope</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Escala regional</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Qualité</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>quality</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Calidad</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Incertitude</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>uncertainties</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Consistance</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Consistency</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Consistencia</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Transport</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>transport</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Transporte</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Modèle</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>models</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Modelo</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Précision</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>accuracy</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Precisión</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Surveillance</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>monitoring</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Vigilancia</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Gaz effet serre</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>greenhouse gas</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fN21><s1>055</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 14-0045410 INIST</NO>
<ET>Global CO<sub>2 </sub>
fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO<sub>2</sub>
total column</ET>
<AU>CHEVALLIER (F.); DEUTSCHER (N. M.); CONWAY (T. J.); CIAIS (P.); CIATTAGLIA (L.); DOHE (S.); FRÖHLICH (M.); GOMEZ-PELAEZ (A. J.); GRIFFITH (D.); HASE (F.); HASZPRA (L.); KRUMMEL (P.); KYRÖ (E.); LABUSCHAGNE (C.); LANGENFELDS (R.); MACHIDA (T.); MAIGNAN (F.); MATSUEDA (H.); MORINO (I.); NOTHOLT (J.); RAMONET (M.); SAWA (Y.); SCHMIDT (M.); SHERLOCK (V.); STEELE (P.); STRONG (K.); SUSSMANN (R.); WENNBERG (P.); WOFSY (S.); WORTHY (D.); WUNCH (D.); ZIMNOCH (M.)</AU>
<AF>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ/Gif-sur-Yvette/France (1 aut., 4 aut., 17 aut., 21 aut., 23 aut.); Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen/Bremen/Allemagne (2 aut., 20 aut.); School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong/New South Wales/Australie (2 aut., 9 aut.); Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (3 aut.); ICES, CNR-IDAC/Rome/Italie (5 aut.); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology/Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/Allemagne (6 aut., 10 aut.); Umweltbundesamt GmbH/Vienna/Autriche (7 aut.); Meteorological State Agency of Spain/Santa Cruz de Tenerife/Espagne (8 aut.); Hungarian Meteorological Service/Budapest/Hongrie (11 aut.); CAWCR, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research/Aspendale, Victoria/Australie (12 aut., 15 aut., 25 aut.); Arctic Research Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute/Helsinki/Finlande (13 aut.); South African Weather Service/Stellenbosch/Afrique du Sud (14 aut.); National Institute for Environmental Studies/Tsukuba/Japon (16 aut., 19 aut.); Meteorological Research Institute/Tsukuba/Japon (18 aut., 22 aut.); National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research/Wellington/Nouvelle-Zélande (24 aut.); Department of Physics, University of Toronto/Toronto, Ontario/Canada (26 aut.); IMK-IFU/Garmisch-Partenkirchen/Allemagne (27 aut.); Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology/Pasadena, California/Etats-Unis (28 aut., 31 aut.); Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University/Cambridge, Massachusetts/Etats-Unis (29 aut.); Environment Canada/Downsview, Ontario/Canada (30 aut.); Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology/Krakow/Pologne (32 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Geophysical research letters; ISSN 0094-8276; Coden GPRLAJ; Etats-Unis; Da. 2011; Vol. 38; No. 24; L24810.1-L24810.5; Bibl. 1/4 p.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>[1] We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO<sub>2</sub>
surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO<sub>2</sub>
mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO<sub>2 </sub>
column.</EA>
<CC>001E; 001E01; 220</CC>
<FD>Monde; Dioxyde de carbone; Air; Carbone; Réseau observation; Problème inverse; Etude comparative; Rapport mélange; Observation par avion; Variation saisonnière; Hémisphère Nord; Echelon régional; Qualité; Incertitude; Consistance; Transport; Modèle; Précision; Surveillance; Gaz effet serre</FD>
<ED>global; Carbon dioxide; air; carbon; Observational network; inverse problem; Comparative study; Mixing ratio; Aircraft observation; seasonal variations; Northern Hemisphere; Regional scope; quality; uncertainties; Consistency; transport; models; accuracy; monitoring; greenhouse gas</ED>
<SD>Mundo; Carbono dióxido; Carbono; Red observación; Problema inverso; Estudio comparativo; Relación mezcla; Observación por avión; Variación estacional; Hemisferio norte; Escala regional; Calidad; Consistencia; Transporte; Modelo; Precisión; Vigilancia</SD>
<LO>INIST-16687.354000501661240630</LO>
<ID>14-0045410</ID>
</server>
</inist>
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