Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease brain.
Identifieur interne : 004843 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 004842; suivant : 004844Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease brain.
Auteurs : Benjamin G. Trist [Australie] ; Katherine M. Davies [Australie] ; Veronica Cottam [Australie] ; Sian Genoud [Australie] ; Richard Ortega [France] ; Stéphane Roudeau [France] ; Asuncion Carmona [France] ; Kasun De Silva [Australie] ; Valerie Wasinger [Australie] ; Simon J G. Lewis [Australie] ; Perminder Sachdev [Australie] ; Bradley Smith [Royaume-Uni] ; Claire Troakes [Royaume-Uni] ; Caroline Vance [Royaume-Uni] ; Christopher Shaw [Royaume-Uni] ; Safa Al-Sarraj [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen J. Ball [Australie] ; Glenda M. Halliday [Australie] ; Dominic J. Hare [Australie] ; Kay L. Double [Australie]Source :
- Acta neuropathologica [ 1432-0533 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Neuronal loss in numerous neurodegenerative disorders has been linked to protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Emerging data regarding overlapping proteinopathy in traditionally distinct neurodegenerative diseases suggest that disease-modifying treatments targeting these pathological features may exhibit efficacy across multiple disorders. Here, we describe proteinopathy distinct from classic synucleinopathy, predominantly comprised of the anti-oxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), in the Parkinson's disease brain. Significant expression of this pathology closely reflected the regional pattern of neuronal loss. The protein composition and non-amyloid macrostructure of these novel aggregates closely resembles that of neurotoxic SOD1 deposits in SOD1-associated familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Consistent with the hypothesis that deposition of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders reflects upstream dysfunction, we demonstrated that SOD1 in the Parkinson's disease brain exhibits evidence of misfolding and metal deficiency, similar to that seen in mutant SOD1 in fALS. Our data suggest common mechanisms of toxic SOD1 aggregation in both disorders and a potential role for SOD1 dysfunction in neuronal loss in the Parkinson's disease brain. This shared restricted proteinopathy highlights the potential translation of therapeutic approaches targeting SOD1 toxicity, already in clinical trials for ALS, into disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease.
DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1726-6
PubMed: 28527045
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<author><name sortKey="Double, Kay L" sort="Double, Kay L" uniqKey="Double K" first="Kay L" last="Double">Kay L. Double</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease brain.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Trist, Benjamin G" sort="Trist, Benjamin G" uniqKey="Trist B" first="Benjamin G" last="Trist">Benjamin G. Trist</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Davies, Katherine M" sort="Davies, Katherine M" uniqKey="Davies K" first="Katherine M" last="Davies">Katherine M. Davies</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Cottam, Veronica" sort="Cottam, Veronica" uniqKey="Cottam V" first="Veronica" last="Cottam">Veronica Cottam</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Genoud, Sian" sort="Genoud, Sian" uniqKey="Genoud S" first="Sian" last="Genoud">Sian Genoud</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wasinger, Valerie" sort="Wasinger, Valerie" uniqKey="Wasinger V" first="Valerie" last="Wasinger">Valerie Wasinger</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Lewis, Simon J G" sort="Lewis, Simon J G" uniqKey="Lewis S" first="Simon J G" last="Lewis">Simon J G. Lewis</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Smith, Bradley" sort="Smith, Bradley" uniqKey="Smith B" first="Bradley" last="Smith">Bradley Smith</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Troakes, Claire" sort="Troakes, Claire" uniqKey="Troakes C" first="Claire" last="Troakes">Claire Troakes</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Vance, Caroline" sort="Vance, Caroline" uniqKey="Vance C" first="Caroline" last="Vance">Caroline Vance</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Shaw, Christopher" sort="Shaw, Christopher" uniqKey="Shaw C" first="Christopher" last="Shaw">Christopher Shaw</name>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Al Sarraj, Safa" sort="Al Sarraj, Safa" uniqKey="Al Sarraj S" first="Safa" last="Al-Sarraj">Safa Al-Sarraj</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SE5 9NU</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ball, Helen J" sort="Ball, Helen J" uniqKey="Ball H" first="Helen J" last="Ball">Helen J. Ball</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
<settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Halliday, Glenda M" sort="Halliday, Glenda M" uniqKey="Halliday G" first="Glenda M" last="Halliday">Glenda M. Halliday</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2031</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2031</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hare, Dominic J" sort="Hare, Dominic J" uniqKey="Hare D" first="Dominic J" last="Hare">Dominic J. Hare</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Double, Kay L" sort="Double, Kay L" uniqKey="Double K" first="Kay L" last="Double">Kay L. Double</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. kay.double@sydney.edu.au.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Acta neuropathologica</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1432-0533</idno>
<imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Neuronal loss in numerous neurodegenerative disorders has been linked to protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Emerging data regarding overlapping proteinopathy in traditionally distinct neurodegenerative diseases suggest that disease-modifying treatments targeting these pathological features may exhibit efficacy across multiple disorders. Here, we describe proteinopathy distinct from classic synucleinopathy, predominantly comprised of the anti-oxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), in the Parkinson's disease brain. Significant expression of this pathology closely reflected the regional pattern of neuronal loss. The protein composition and non-amyloid macrostructure of these novel aggregates closely resembles that of neurotoxic SOD1 deposits in SOD1-associated familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Consistent with the hypothesis that deposition of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders reflects upstream dysfunction, we demonstrated that SOD1 in the Parkinson's disease brain exhibits evidence of misfolding and metal deficiency, similar to that seen in mutant SOD1 in fALS. Our data suggest common mechanisms of toxic SOD1 aggregation in both disorders and a potential role for SOD1 dysfunction in neuronal loss in the Parkinson's disease brain. This shared restricted proteinopathy highlights the potential translation of therapeutic approaches targeting SOD1 toxicity, already in clinical trials for ALS, into disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28527045</PMID>
<DateCreated><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>20</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateRevised><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1432-0533</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>134</Volume>
<Issue>1</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>Jul</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Acta neuropathologica</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Acta Neuropathol.</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease brain.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>113-127</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00401-017-1726-6</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Neuronal loss in numerous neurodegenerative disorders has been linked to protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Emerging data regarding overlapping proteinopathy in traditionally distinct neurodegenerative diseases suggest that disease-modifying treatments targeting these pathological features may exhibit efficacy across multiple disorders. Here, we describe proteinopathy distinct from classic synucleinopathy, predominantly comprised of the anti-oxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), in the Parkinson's disease brain. Significant expression of this pathology closely reflected the regional pattern of neuronal loss. The protein composition and non-amyloid macrostructure of these novel aggregates closely resembles that of neurotoxic SOD1 deposits in SOD1-associated familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Consistent with the hypothesis that deposition of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders reflects upstream dysfunction, we demonstrated that SOD1 in the Parkinson's disease brain exhibits evidence of misfolding and metal deficiency, similar to that seen in mutant SOD1 in fALS. Our data suggest common mechanisms of toxic SOD1 aggregation in both disorders and a potential role for SOD1 dysfunction in neuronal loss in the Parkinson's disease brain. This shared restricted proteinopathy highlights the potential translation of therapeutic approaches targeting SOD1 toxicity, already in clinical trials for ALS, into disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Trist</LastName>
<ForeName>Benjamin G</ForeName>
<Initials>BG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davies</LastName>
<ForeName>Katherine M</ForeName>
<Initials>KM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cottam</LastName>
<ForeName>Veronica</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Genoud</LastName>
<ForeName>Sian</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ortega</LastName>
<ForeName>Richard</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33170, Gradignan, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33170, Gradignan, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roudeau</LastName>
<ForeName>Stéphane</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33170, Gradignan, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33170, Gradignan, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carmona</LastName>
<ForeName>Asuncion</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33170, Gradignan, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De Silva</LastName>
<ForeName>Kasun</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wasinger</LastName>
<ForeName>Valerie</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales Australia, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lewis</LastName>
<ForeName>Simon J G</ForeName>
<Initials>SJG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Healthy Brain Ageing Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sachdev</LastName>
<ForeName>Perminder</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smith</LastName>
<ForeName>Bradley</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Troakes</LastName>
<ForeName>Claire</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vance</LastName>
<ForeName>Caroline</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shaw</LastName>
<ForeName>Christopher</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Al-Sarraj</LastName>
<ForeName>Safa</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9NU, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ball</LastName>
<ForeName>Helen J</ForeName>
<Initials>HJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Halliday</LastName>
<ForeName>Glenda M</ForeName>
<Initials>GM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Central Clinical School and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hare</LastName>
<ForeName>Dominic J</ForeName>
<Initials>DJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Elemental Bio-Imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Double</LastName>
<ForeName>Kay L</ForeName>
<Initials>KL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. kay.double@sydney.edu.au.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country>
<MedlineTA>Acta Neuropathol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>0412041</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0001-6322</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Copper dyshomeostasis</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Oxidative stress</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Parkinson’s disease</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Protein aggregation</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Superoxide dismutase-1</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>5</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
<region><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li>
<li>Victoria (État)</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Melbourne</li>
<li>Sydney</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université de Melbourne</li>
<li>Université de Sydney</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Trist, Benjamin G" sort="Trist, Benjamin G" uniqKey="Trist B" first="Benjamin G" last="Trist">Benjamin G. Trist</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Ball, Helen J" sort="Ball, Helen J" uniqKey="Ball H" first="Helen J" last="Ball">Helen J. Ball</name>
<name sortKey="Cottam, Veronica" sort="Cottam, Veronica" uniqKey="Cottam V" first="Veronica" last="Cottam">Veronica Cottam</name>
<name sortKey="Davies, Katherine M" sort="Davies, Katherine M" uniqKey="Davies K" first="Katherine M" last="Davies">Katherine M. Davies</name>
<name sortKey="De Silva, Kasun" sort="De Silva, Kasun" uniqKey="De Silva K" first="Kasun" last="De Silva">Kasun De Silva</name>
<name sortKey="Double, Kay L" sort="Double, Kay L" uniqKey="Double K" first="Kay L" last="Double">Kay L. Double</name>
<name sortKey="Genoud, Sian" sort="Genoud, Sian" uniqKey="Genoud S" first="Sian" last="Genoud">Sian Genoud</name>
<name sortKey="Halliday, Glenda M" sort="Halliday, Glenda M" uniqKey="Halliday G" first="Glenda M" last="Halliday">Glenda M. Halliday</name>
<name sortKey="Hare, Dominic J" sort="Hare, Dominic J" uniqKey="Hare D" first="Dominic J" last="Hare">Dominic J. Hare</name>
<name sortKey="Lewis, Simon J G" sort="Lewis, Simon J G" uniqKey="Lewis S" first="Simon J G" last="Lewis">Simon J G. Lewis</name>
<name sortKey="Sachdev, Perminder" sort="Sachdev, Perminder" uniqKey="Sachdev P" first="Perminder" last="Sachdev">Perminder Sachdev</name>
<name sortKey="Wasinger, Valerie" sort="Wasinger, Valerie" uniqKey="Wasinger V" first="Valerie" last="Wasinger">Valerie Wasinger</name>
</country>
<country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ortega, Richard" sort="Ortega, Richard" uniqKey="Ortega R" first="Richard" last="Ortega">Richard Ortega</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Carmona, Asuncion" sort="Carmona, Asuncion" uniqKey="Carmona A" first="Asuncion" last="Carmona">Asuncion Carmona</name>
<name sortKey="Roudeau, Stephane" sort="Roudeau, Stephane" uniqKey="Roudeau S" first="Stéphane" last="Roudeau">Stéphane Roudeau</name>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Smith, Bradley" sort="Smith, Bradley" uniqKey="Smith B" first="Bradley" last="Smith">Bradley Smith</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Al Sarraj, Safa" sort="Al Sarraj, Safa" uniqKey="Al Sarraj S" first="Safa" last="Al-Sarraj">Safa Al-Sarraj</name>
<name sortKey="Shaw, Christopher" sort="Shaw, Christopher" uniqKey="Shaw C" first="Christopher" last="Shaw">Christopher Shaw</name>
<name sortKey="Troakes, Claire" sort="Troakes, Claire" uniqKey="Troakes C" first="Claire" last="Troakes">Claire Troakes</name>
<name sortKey="Vance, Caroline" sort="Vance, Caroline" uniqKey="Vance C" first="Caroline" last="Vance">Caroline Vance</name>
</country>
</tree>
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