Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement.
Identifieur interne : 002372 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002371; suivant : 002373Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement.
Auteurs : T. Cederholm [Suède] ; I. Bosaeus [Suède] ; R. Barazzoni [Italie] ; J. Bauer [Allemagne] ; A. Van Gossum [Belgique] ; S. Klek [Pologne] ; M. Muscaritoli [Italie] ; I. Nyulasi [Australie] ; J. Ockenga [Allemagne] ; S M Schneider [France] ; M A E. De Van Der Schueren [Pays-Bas] ; P. Singer [Israël]Source :
- Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) [ 1532-1983 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Malnutrition.
- métabolisme : Tissu adipeux.
- normes : Sciences de la nutrition.
- Composition corporelle, Consensus, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Europe, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Indice de masse corporelle, Mâle, Méthode Delphi, Perte de poids, Sociétés savantes.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : Europe.
- diagnosis : Malnutrition.
- metabolism : Adipose Tissue.
- standards : Nutritional Sciences.
- Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Consensus, Delphi Technique, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Societies, Scientific, Surveys and Questionnaires, Weight Loss.
Abstract
To provide a consensus-based minimum set of criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition to be applied independent of clinical setting and aetiology, and to unify international terminology.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.001
PubMed: 25799486
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De Van Der Schueren</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Sports and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Sports and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement><region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singer, P" sort="Singer, P" uniqKey="Singer P" first="P" last="Singer">P. 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Cederholm</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital and Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: tommy.cederholm@pubcare.uu.se.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital and Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bosaeus, I" sort="Bosaeus, I" uniqKey="Bosaeus I" first="I" last="Bosaeus">I. Bosaeus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Nutrition Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gothenburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barazzoni, R" sort="Barazzoni, R" uniqKey="Barazzoni R" first="R" last="Barazzoni">R. Barazzoni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Trieste</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bauer, J" sort="Bauer, J" uniqKey="Bauer J" first="J" last="Bauer">J. Bauer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Oldenburg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Oldenburg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Oldenburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Gossum, A" sort="Van Gossum, A" uniqKey="Van Gossum A" first="A" last="Van Gossum">A. Van Gossum</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic of Intestinal Diseases and Nutritional Support, Hopital Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic of Intestinal Diseases and Nutritional Support, Hopital Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussels</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klek, S" sort="Klek, S" uniqKey="Klek S" first="S" last="Klek">S. Klek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Skawina</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muscaritoli, M" sort="Muscaritoli, M" uniqKey="Muscaritoli M" first="M" last="Muscaritoli">M. Muscaritoli</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nyulasi, I" sort="Nyulasi, I" uniqKey="Nyulasi I" first="I" last="Nyulasi">I. Nyulasi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics and Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics and Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Prahran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ockenga, J" sort="Ockenga, J" uniqKey="Ockenga J" first="J" last="Ockenga">J. Ockenga</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="3">Brême (Land)</region><settlement type="city">Brême</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, S M" sort="Schneider, S M" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="S M" last="Schneider">S M Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital and University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital and University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Van Der Schueren, M A E" sort="De Van Der Schueren, M A E" uniqKey="De Van Der Schueren M" first="M A E" last="De Van Der Schueren">M A E. De Van Der Schueren</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Sports and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Sports and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement><region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singer, P" sort="Singer, P" uniqKey="Singer P" first="P" last="Singer">P. Singer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of General Intensive Care, Institute for Nutrition Research, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of General Intensive Care, Institute for Nutrition Research, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva 49100</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Petah Tikva 49100</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)</title><idno type="eISSN">1532-1983</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adipose Tissue (metabolism)</term><term>Body Composition</term><term>Body Mass Index</term><term>Consensus</term><term>Delphi Technique</term><term>Europe</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Malnutrition (diagnosis)</term><term>Nutritional Sciences (standards)</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Societies, Scientific</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Weight Loss</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Composition corporelle</term><term>Consensus</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Europe</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Indice de masse corporelle</term><term>Malnutrition (diagnostic)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Méthode Delphi</term><term>Perte de poids</term><term>Sciences de la nutrition (normes)</term><term>Sociétés savantes</term><term>Tissu adipeux (métabolisme)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Europe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Malnutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Malnutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Adipose Tissue</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tissu adipeux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="normes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sciences de la nutrition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="standards" xml:lang="en"><term>Nutritional Sciences</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Body Composition</term><term>Body Mass Index</term><term>Consensus</term><term>Delphi Technique</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Societies, Scientific</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Weight Loss</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Composition corporelle</term><term>Consensus</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Europe</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Indice de masse corporelle</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Méthode Delphi</term><term>Perte de poids</term><term>Sociétés savantes</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">To provide a consensus-based minimum set of criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition to be applied independent of clinical setting and aetiology, and to unify international terminology.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25799486</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>22</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>07</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1532-1983</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>34</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Jun</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Clin Nutr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>335-40</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.001</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0261-5614(15)00075-8</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To provide a consensus-based minimum set of criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition to be applied independent of clinical setting and aetiology, and to unify international terminology.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHOD" NlmCategory="METHODS">The European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) appointed a group of clinical scientists to perform a modified Delphi process, encompassing e-mail communications, face-to-face meetings, in group questionnaires and ballots, as well as a ballot for the ESPEN membership.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULT" NlmCategory="RESULTS">First, ESPEN recommends that subjects at risk of malnutrition are identified by validated screening tools, and should be assessed and treated accordingly. Risk of malnutrition should have its own ICD Code. Second, a unanimous consensus was reached to advocate two options for the diagnosis of malnutrition. Option one requires body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) <18.5 to define malnutrition. Option two requires the combined finding of unintentional weight loss (mandatory) and at least one of either reduced BMI or a low fat free mass index (FFMI). Weight loss could be either >10% of habitual weight indefinite of time, or >5% over 3 months. Reduced BMI is <20 or <22 kg/m(2) in subjects younger and older than 70 years, respectively. Low FFMI is <15 and <17 kg/m(2) in females and males, respectively. About 12% of ESPEN members participated in a ballot; >75% agreed; i.e. indicated ≥7 on a 10-graded scale of acceptance, to this definition.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">In individuals identified by screening as at risk of malnutrition, the diagnosis of malnutrition should be based on either a low BMI (<18.5 kg/m(2)), or on the combined finding of weight loss together with either reduced BMI (age-specific) or a low FFMI using sex-specific cut-offs.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cederholm</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital and Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: tommy.cederholm@pubcare.uu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bosaeus</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Nutrition Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barazzoni</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bauer</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geriatric Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Van Gossum</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic of Intestinal Diseases and Nutritional Support, Hopital Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klek</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muscaritoli</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nyulasi</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics and Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ockenga</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneider</LastName><ForeName>S M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital and University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de van der Schueren</LastName><ForeName>M A E</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Nutrition, Sports and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Singer</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Intensive Care, Institute for Nutrition Research, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Clin Nutr</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8309603</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0261-5614</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;35(1):235</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26511153</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;35(1):236</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26602243</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;35(1):237</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26511154</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;35(1):234</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26481948</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000273" MajorTopicYN="N">Adipose Tissue</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001823" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Composition</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015992" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Mass Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032921" MajorTopicYN="Y">Consensus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003697" MajorTopicYN="N">Delphi Technique</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005060" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Europe</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044342" MajorTopicYN="N">Malnutrition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052756" MajorTopicYN="N">Nutritional Sciences</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000592" MajorTopicYN="Y">standards</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012958" MajorTopicYN="N">Societies, Scientific</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015431" MajorTopicYN="N">Weight Loss</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Body composition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Consensus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Definition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Delphi</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Malnutrition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Nutritional assessment</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25799486</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0261-5614(15)00075-8</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.001</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>France</li><li>Israël</li><li>Italie</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>Brême (Land)</li><li>Gueldre</li><li>Latium</li><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li><li>Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</li></region><settlement><li>Bruxelles</li><li>Brême</li><li>Nice</li><li>Nimègue</li><li>Rome</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="Cederholm, T" sort="Cederholm, T" uniqKey="Cederholm T" first="T" last="Cederholm">T. Cederholm</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bosaeus, I" sort="Bosaeus, I" uniqKey="Bosaeus I" first="I" last="Bosaeus">I. Bosaeus</name></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Barazzoni, R" sort="Barazzoni, R" uniqKey="Barazzoni R" first="R" last="Barazzoni">R. Barazzoni</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Muscaritoli, M" sort="Muscaritoli, M" uniqKey="Muscaritoli M" first="M" last="Muscaritoli">M. Muscaritoli</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bauer, J" sort="Bauer, J" uniqKey="Bauer J" first="J" last="Bauer">J. Bauer</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ockenga, J" sort="Ockenga, J" uniqKey="Ockenga J" first="J" last="Ockenga">J. Ockenga</name></country><country name="Belgique"><region name="Région de Bruxelles-Capitale"><name sortKey="Van Gossum, A" sort="Van Gossum, A" uniqKey="Van Gossum A" first="A" last="Van Gossum">A. Van Gossum</name></region></country><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Klek, S" sort="Klek, S" uniqKey="Klek S" first="S" last="Klek">S. Klek</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nyulasi, I" sort="Nyulasi, I" uniqKey="Nyulasi I" first="I" last="Nyulasi">I. Nyulasi</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><region name="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"><name sortKey="Schneider, S M" sort="Schneider, S M" uniqKey="Schneider S" first="S M" last="Schneider">S M Schneider</name></region></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Gueldre"><name sortKey="De Van Der Schueren, M A E" sort="De Van Der Schueren, M A E" uniqKey="De Van Der Schueren M" first="M A E" last="De Van Der Schueren">M A E. De Van Der Schueren</name></region></country><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Singer, P" sort="Singer, P" uniqKey="Singer P" first="P" last="Singer">P. 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