Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization
Identifieur interne : 002359 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002358; suivant : 002360Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization
Auteurs : Elaine Chiu [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Marcel Hijnen [Australie] ; Richard D. Bunker [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Marion Boudes [Australie] ; Chitra Rajendran [Suisse] ; Kaheina Aizel [Australie] ; Vincent Oliéric [Suisse] ; Clemens Schulze-Briese [Suisse] ; Wataru Mitsuhashi [Japon] ; Vivienne Young [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Vernon K. Ward [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Max Bergoin [France] ; Peter Metcalf [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Fasséli Coulibaly [Australie]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Chitine (), Cristallisation, Cristallographie aux rayons X, Disulfures (), Domaine catalytique, Données de séquences moléculaires, Facteurs de virulence (), Facteurs de virulence (physiologie), Insectes, Insecticides (), Mixed function oxygenases (), Modèles moléculaires, Oxygène (), Oxygénases (), Polyosides, Poxviridae (métabolisme), Protéines virales (), Structure tertiaire des protéines, Structures macromoléculaires, Séquence d'acides aminés, Virulence, Virus ().
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Poxviridae.
- physiologie : Facteurs de virulence.
- Animaux, Chitine, Cristallisation, Cristallographie aux rayons X, Disulfures, Domaine catalytique, Données de séquences moléculaires, Facteurs de virulence, Insectes, Insecticides, Mixed function oxygenases, Modèles moléculaires, Oxygène, Oxygénases, Polyosides, Protéines virales, Structure tertiaire des protéines, Structures macromoléculaires, Séquence d'acides aminés, Virulence, Virus.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Catalytic Domain, Chitin (chemistry), Crystallization, Crystallography, X-Ray, Disulfides (chemistry), Insecticides (chemistry), Insects, Macromolecular Substances, Mixed Function Oxygenases (chemistry), Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Oxygen (chemistry), Oxygenases (chemistry), Polysaccharides, Poxviridae (metabolism), Protein Structure, Tertiary, Viral Proteins (chemistry), Virulence, Virulence Factors (chemistry), Virulence Factors (physiology), Viruses (chemistry).
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Chitin, Disulfides, Insecticides, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Oxygen, Oxygenases, Viral Proteins, Virulence Factors.
- chemistry : Viruses.
- metabolism : Poxviridae.
- chemical , physiology : Virulence Factors.
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Catalytic Domain, Crystallization, Crystallography, X-Ray, Insects, Macromolecular Substances, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Polysaccharides, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Virulence.
Abstract
X-ray crystallography is a powerful approach for understanding the structure and function of biological macromolecules but is largely limited to molecules that form high-quality crystals in the laboratory. Here we present the structure of protein crystals that form naturally in virally infected insects and boost the insecticidal activity of oral pathogens. By proposing a mode of action for these virulence factors based on enzymes degrading chitin by oxidation, our findings may guide their use as synergetic additives to common bioinsecticides. They also reveal that these proteins assemble into ultra-stable crystals stabilized by a 3D network of covalent bonds, a unique strategy for achieving efficient protein crystallization in the complex environment of the cell.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418798112
PubMed: 25787255
PubMed Central: 4386404
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Bunker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boudes, Marion" sort="Boudes, Marion" uniqKey="Boudes M" first="Marion" last="Boudes">Marion Boudes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajendran, Chitra" sort="Rajendran, Chitra" uniqKey="Rajendran C" first="Chitra" last="Rajendran">Chitra Rajendran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aizel, Kaheina" sort="Aizel, Kaheina" uniqKey="Aizel K" first="Kaheina" last="Aizel">Kaheina Aizel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olieric, Vincent" sort="Olieric, Vincent" uniqKey="Olieric V" first="Vincent" last="Oliéric">Vincent Oliéric</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Briese, Clemens" sort="Schulze Briese, Clemens" uniqKey="Schulze Briese C" first="Clemens" last="Schulze-Briese">Clemens Schulze-Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" sort="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" uniqKey="Mitsuhashi W" first="Wataru" last="Mitsuhashi">Wataru Mitsuhashi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Vivienne" sort="Young, Vivienne" uniqKey="Young V" first="Vivienne" last="Young">Vivienne Young</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, Vernon K" sort="Ward, Vernon K" uniqKey="Ward V" first="Vernon K." last="Ward">Vernon K. Ward</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergoin, Max" sort="Bergoin, Max" uniqKey="Bergoin M" first="Max" last="Bergoin">Max Bergoin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Université Montpellier 2</institution>,<country>Montpellier 34095, France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metcalf, Peter" sort="Metcalf, Peter" uniqKey="Metcalf P" first="Peter" last="Metcalf">Peter Metcalf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Fasseli" sort="Coulibaly, Fasseli" uniqKey="Coulibaly F" first="Fasséli" last="Coulibaly">Fasséli Coulibaly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Animals</term><term>Catalytic Domain</term><term>Chitin (chemistry)</term><term>Crystallization</term><term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term><term>Disulfides (chemistry)</term><term>Insecticides (chemistry)</term><term>Insects</term><term>Macromolecular Substances</term><term>Mixed Function Oxygenases (chemistry)</term><term>Models, Molecular</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Oxygen (chemistry)</term><term>Oxygenases (chemistry)</term><term>Polysaccharides</term><term>Poxviridae (metabolism)</term><term>Protein Structure, Tertiary</term><term>Viral Proteins (chemistry)</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virulence Factors (chemistry)</term><term>Virulence Factors (physiology)</term><term>Viruses (chemistry)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Chitine ()</term><term>Cristallisation</term><term>Cristallographie aux rayons X</term><term>Disulfures ()</term><term>Domaine catalytique</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Facteurs de virulence ()</term><term>Facteurs de virulence (physiologie)</term><term>Insectes</term><term>Insecticides ()</term><term>Mixed function oxygenases ()</term><term>Modèles moléculaires</term><term>Oxygène ()</term><term>Oxygénases ()</term><term>Polyosides</term><term>Poxviridae (métabolisme)</term><term>Protéines virales ()</term><term>Structure tertiaire des protéines</term><term>Structures macromoléculaires</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virus ()</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Chitin</term><term>Disulfides</term><term>Insecticides</term><term>Mixed Function Oxygenases</term><term>Oxygen</term><term>Oxygenases</term><term>Viral Proteins</term><term>Virulence Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Viruses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Poxviridae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Poxviridae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Facteurs de virulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Virulence Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Animals</term><term>Catalytic Domain</term><term>Crystallization</term><term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term><term>Insects</term><term>Macromolecular Substances</term><term>Models, Molecular</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Polysaccharides</term><term>Protein Structure, Tertiary</term><term>Virulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Chitine</term><term>Cristallisation</term><term>Cristallographie aux rayons X</term><term>Disulfures</term><term>Domaine catalytique</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Facteurs de virulence</term><term>Insectes</term><term>Insecticides</term><term>Mixed function oxygenases</term><term>Modèles moléculaires</term><term>Oxygène</term><term>Oxygénases</term><term>Polyosides</term><term>Protéines virales</term><term>Structure tertiaire des protéines</term><term>Structures macromoléculaires</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>X-ray crystallography is a powerful approach for understanding the structure and function of biological macromolecules but is largely limited to molecules that form high-quality crystals in the laboratory. Here we present the structure of protein crystals that form naturally in virally infected insects and boost the insecticidal activity of oral pathogens. By proposing a mode of action for these virulence factors based on enzymes degrading chitin by oxidation, our findings may guide their use as synergetic additives to common bioinsecticides. They also reveal that these proteins assemble into ultra-stable crystals stabilized by a 3D network of covalent bonds, a unique strategy for achieving efficient protein crystallization in the complex environment of the cell.</p></div></front></TEI><double pmid="25787255"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization</title><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Elaine" sort="Chiu, Elaine" uniqKey="Chiu E" first="Elaine" last="Chiu">Elaine Chiu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hijnen, Marcel" sort="Hijnen, Marcel" uniqKey="Hijnen M" first="Marcel" last="Hijnen">Marcel Hijnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bunker, Richard D" sort="Bunker, Richard D" uniqKey="Bunker R" first="Richard D." last="Bunker">Richard D. Bunker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boudes, Marion" sort="Boudes, Marion" uniqKey="Boudes M" first="Marion" last="Boudes">Marion Boudes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajendran, Chitra" sort="Rajendran, Chitra" uniqKey="Rajendran C" first="Chitra" last="Rajendran">Chitra Rajendran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aizel, Kaheina" sort="Aizel, Kaheina" uniqKey="Aizel K" first="Kaheina" last="Aizel">Kaheina Aizel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olieric, Vincent" sort="Olieric, Vincent" uniqKey="Olieric V" first="Vincent" last="Oliéric">Vincent Oliéric</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Briese, Clemens" sort="Schulze Briese, Clemens" uniqKey="Schulze Briese C" first="Clemens" last="Schulze-Briese">Clemens Schulze-Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" sort="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" uniqKey="Mitsuhashi W" first="Wataru" last="Mitsuhashi">Wataru Mitsuhashi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Vivienne" sort="Young, Vivienne" uniqKey="Young V" first="Vivienne" last="Young">Vivienne Young</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, Vernon K" sort="Ward, Vernon K" uniqKey="Ward V" first="Vernon K." last="Ward">Vernon K. Ward</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergoin, Max" sort="Bergoin, Max" uniqKey="Bergoin M" first="Max" last="Bergoin">Max Bergoin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Université Montpellier 2</institution>,<country>Montpellier 34095, France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metcalf, Peter" sort="Metcalf, Peter" uniqKey="Metcalf P" first="Peter" last="Metcalf">Peter Metcalf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Fasseli" sort="Coulibaly, Fasseli" uniqKey="Coulibaly F" first="Fasséli" last="Coulibaly">Fasséli Coulibaly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25787255</idno><idno type="pmc">4386404</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4386404</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4386404</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1418798112</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001C03</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001C03</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001A61</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001A61</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000D02</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000D02</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization</title><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Elaine" sort="Chiu, Elaine" uniqKey="Chiu E" first="Elaine" last="Chiu">Elaine Chiu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hijnen, Marcel" sort="Hijnen, Marcel" uniqKey="Hijnen M" first="Marcel" last="Hijnen">Marcel Hijnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bunker, Richard D" sort="Bunker, Richard D" uniqKey="Bunker R" first="Richard D." last="Bunker">Richard D. Bunker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boudes, Marion" sort="Boudes, Marion" uniqKey="Boudes M" first="Marion" last="Boudes">Marion Boudes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajendran, Chitra" sort="Rajendran, Chitra" uniqKey="Rajendran C" first="Chitra" last="Rajendran">Chitra Rajendran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aizel, Kaheina" sort="Aizel, Kaheina" uniqKey="Aizel K" first="Kaheina" last="Aizel">Kaheina Aizel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olieric, Vincent" sort="Olieric, Vincent" uniqKey="Olieric V" first="Vincent" last="Oliéric">Vincent Oliéric</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Briese, Clemens" sort="Schulze Briese, Clemens" uniqKey="Schulze Briese C" first="Clemens" last="Schulze-Briese">Clemens Schulze-Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut</institution>, 5232 Villigen,<country>Switzerland</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" sort="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" uniqKey="Mitsuhashi W" first="Wataru" last="Mitsuhashi">Wataru Mitsuhashi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Vivienne" sort="Young, Vivienne" uniqKey="Young V" first="Vivienne" last="Young">Vivienne Young</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, Vernon K" sort="Ward, Vernon K" uniqKey="Ward V" first="Vernon K." last="Ward">Vernon K. Ward</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff5">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences,<institution>University of Otago</institution>, Dunedin,<country>9054, New Zealand</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergoin, Max" sort="Bergoin, Max" uniqKey="Bergoin M" first="Max" last="Bergoin">Max Bergoin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Université Montpellier 2</institution>,<country>Montpellier 34095, France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metcalf, Peter" sort="Metcalf, Peter" uniqKey="Metcalf P" first="Peter" last="Metcalf">Peter Metcalf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Auckland</institution>, Auckland,<country>1010, New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Advanced Supercomputing Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett Field</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Fasseli" sort="Coulibaly, Fasseli" uniqKey="Coulibaly F" first="Fasséli" last="Coulibaly">Fasséli Coulibaly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences,<institution>Monash University</institution>, Clayton, VIC 3800,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>X-ray crystallography is a powerful approach for understanding the structure and function of biological macromolecules but is largely limited to molecules that form high-quality crystals in the laboratory. Here we present the structure of protein crystals that form naturally in virally infected insects and boost the insecticidal activity of oral pathogens. By proposing a mode of action for these virulence factors based on enzymes degrading chitin by oxidation, our findings may guide their use as synergetic additives to common bioinsecticides. They also reveal that these proteins assemble into ultra-stable crystals stabilized by a 3D network of covalent bonds, a unique strategy for achieving efficient protein crystallization in the complex environment of the cell.</p></div></front></TEI></pmc><pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization.</title><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Elaine" sort="Chiu, Elaine" uniqKey="Chiu E" first="Elaine" last="Chiu">Elaine Chiu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hijnen, Marcel" sort="Hijnen, Marcel" uniqKey="Hijnen M" first="Marcel" last="Hijnen">Marcel Hijnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bunker, Richard D" sort="Bunker, Richard D" uniqKey="Bunker R" first="Richard D" last="Bunker">Richard D. Bunker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boudes, Marion" sort="Boudes, Marion" uniqKey="Boudes M" first="Marion" last="Boudes">Marion Boudes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajendran, Chitra" sort="Rajendran, Chitra" uniqKey="Rajendran C" first="Chitra" last="Rajendran">Chitra Rajendran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aizel, Kaheina" sort="Aizel, Kaheina" uniqKey="Aizel K" first="Kaheina" last="Aizel">Kaheina Aizel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olieric, Vincent" sort="Olieric, Vincent" uniqKey="Olieric V" first="Vincent" last="Oliéric">Vincent Oliéric</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Briese, Clemens" sort="Schulze Briese, Clemens" uniqKey="Schulze Briese C" first="Clemens" last="Schulze-Briese">Clemens Schulze-Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" sort="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" uniqKey="Mitsuhashi W" first="Wataru" last="Mitsuhashi">Wataru Mitsuhashi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki 305-8634</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Vivienne" sort="Young, Vivienne" uniqKey="Young V" first="Vivienne" last="Young">Vivienne Young</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; and.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">New Zealand; and</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, Vernon K" sort="Ward, Vernon K" uniqKey="Ward V" first="Vernon K" last="Ward">Vernon K. Ward</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; and.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">New Zealand; and</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergoin, Max" sort="Bergoin, Max" uniqKey="Bergoin M" first="Max" last="Bergoin">Max Bergoin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier 34095, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier 34095</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>34095</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Montpellier 2</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metcalf, Peter" sort="Metcalf, Peter" uniqKey="Metcalf P" first="Peter" last="Metcalf">Peter Metcalf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand; fasseli.coulibaly@monash.edu peter.metcalf@auckland.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Fasseli" sort="Coulibaly, Fasseli" uniqKey="Coulibaly F" first="Fasséli" last="Coulibaly">Fasséli Coulibaly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; fasseli.coulibaly@monash.edu peter.metcalf@auckland.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25787255</idno><idno type="pmid">25787255</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1418798112</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002F21</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002F21</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002E43</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002E43</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002E43</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002E43</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Structural basis for the enhancement of virulence by viral spindles and their in vivo crystallization.</title><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Elaine" sort="Chiu, Elaine" uniqKey="Chiu E" first="Elaine" last="Chiu">Elaine Chiu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hijnen, Marcel" sort="Hijnen, Marcel" uniqKey="Hijnen M" first="Marcel" last="Hijnen">Marcel Hijnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bunker, Richard D" sort="Bunker, Richard D" uniqKey="Bunker R" first="Richard D" last="Bunker">Richard D. Bunker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boudes, Marion" sort="Boudes, Marion" uniqKey="Boudes M" first="Marion" last="Boudes">Marion Boudes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajendran, Chitra" sort="Rajendran, Chitra" uniqKey="Rajendran C" first="Chitra" last="Rajendran">Chitra Rajendran</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aizel, Kaheina" sort="Aizel, Kaheina" uniqKey="Aizel K" first="Kaheina" last="Aizel">Kaheina Aizel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olieric, Vincent" sort="Olieric, Vincent" uniqKey="Olieric V" first="Vincent" last="Oliéric">Vincent Oliéric</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Briese, Clemens" sort="Schulze Briese, Clemens" uniqKey="Schulze Briese C" first="Clemens" last="Schulze-Briese">Clemens Schulze-Briese</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Light Source at Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>5232 Villigen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" sort="Mitsuhashi, Wataru" uniqKey="Mitsuhashi W" first="Wataru" last="Mitsuhashi">Wataru Mitsuhashi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki 305-8634</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Vivienne" sort="Young, Vivienne" uniqKey="Young V" first="Vivienne" last="Young">Vivienne Young</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; and.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">New Zealand; and</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, Vernon K" sort="Ward, Vernon K" uniqKey="Ward V" first="Vernon K" last="Ward">Vernon K. Ward</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; and.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">New Zealand; and</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergoin, Max" sort="Bergoin, Max" uniqKey="Bergoin M" first="Max" last="Bergoin">Max Bergoin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier 34095, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier 34095</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>34095</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Montpellier 2</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metcalf, Peter" sort="Metcalf, Peter" uniqKey="Metcalf P" first="Peter" last="Metcalf">Peter Metcalf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand; fasseli.coulibaly@monash.edu peter.metcalf@auckland.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1010</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Fasseli" sort="Coulibaly, Fasseli" uniqKey="Coulibaly F" first="Fasséli" last="Coulibaly">Fasséli Coulibaly</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; fasseli.coulibaly@monash.edu peter.metcalf@auckland.ac.nz.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>VIC 3800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Animals</term><term>Catalytic Domain</term><term>Chitin (chemistry)</term><term>Crystallization</term><term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term><term>Disulfides (chemistry)</term><term>Insecticides (chemistry)</term><term>Insects</term><term>Macromolecular Substances</term><term>Mixed Function Oxygenases (chemistry)</term><term>Models, Molecular</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Oxygen (chemistry)</term><term>Oxygenases (chemistry)</term><term>Polysaccharides</term><term>Poxviridae (metabolism)</term><term>Protein Structure, Tertiary</term><term>Viral Proteins (chemistry)</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virulence Factors (chemistry)</term><term>Virulence Factors (physiology)</term><term>Viruses (chemistry)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Chitine ()</term><term>Cristallisation</term><term>Cristallographie aux rayons X</term><term>Disulfures ()</term><term>Domaine catalytique</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Facteurs de virulence ()</term><term>Facteurs de virulence (physiologie)</term><term>Insectes</term><term>Insecticides ()</term><term>Mixed function oxygenases ()</term><term>Modèles moléculaires</term><term>Oxygène ()</term><term>Oxygénases ()</term><term>Polyosides</term><term>Poxviridae (métabolisme)</term><term>Protéines virales ()</term><term>Structure tertiaire des protéines</term><term>Structures macromoléculaires</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virus ()</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Chitin</term><term>Disulfides</term><term>Insecticides</term><term>Mixed Function Oxygenases</term><term>Oxygen</term><term>Oxygenases</term><term>Viral Proteins</term><term>Virulence Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Viruses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Poxviridae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Poxviridae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Facteurs de virulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Virulence Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Animals</term><term>Catalytic Domain</term><term>Crystallization</term><term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term><term>Insects</term><term>Macromolecular Substances</term><term>Models, Molecular</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Polysaccharides</term><term>Protein Structure, Tertiary</term><term>Virulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Chitine</term><term>Cristallisation</term><term>Cristallographie aux rayons X</term><term>Disulfures</term><term>Domaine catalytique</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Facteurs de virulence</term><term>Insectes</term><term>Insecticides</term><term>Mixed function oxygenases</term><term>Modèles moléculaires</term><term>Oxygène</term><term>Oxygénases</term><term>Polyosides</term><term>Protéines virales</term><term>Structure tertiaire des protéines</term><term>Structures macromoléculaires</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Virus</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The great benefits that chemical pesticides have brought to agriculture are partly offset by widespread environmental damage to nontarget species and threats to human health. Microbial bioinsecticides are considered safe and highly specific alternatives but generally lack potency. Spindles produced by insect poxviruses are crystals of the fusolin protein that considerably boost not only the virulence of these viruses but also, in cofeeding experiments, the insecticidal activity of unrelated pathogens. However, the mechanisms by which spindles assemble into ultra-stable crystals and enhance virulence are unknown. Here we describe the structure of viral spindles determined by X-ray microcrystallography from in vivo crystals purified from infected insects. We found that a C-terminal molecular arm of fusolin mediates the assembly of a globular domain, which has the hallmarks of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases of chitinovorous bacteria. Explaining their unique stability, a 3D network of disulfide bonds between fusolin dimers covalently crosslinks the entire crystalline matrix of spindles. However, upon ingestion by a new host, removal of the molecular arm abolishes this stabilizing network leading to the dissolution of spindles. The released monooxygenase domain is then free to disrupt the chitin-rich peritrophic matrix that protects insects against oral infections. The mode of action revealed here may guide the design of potent spindles as synergetic additives to bioinsecticides.</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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