Morphogenetic fields within the human dentition: A new, clinically relevant synthesis of an old concept☆
Identifieur interne : 000436 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000435; suivant : 000437Morphogenetic fields within the human dentition: A new, clinically relevant synthesis of an old concept☆
Auteurs : Grant Townsend [Australie, Royaume-Uni] ; Edward F. Harris [États-Unis, Royaume-Uni] ; Herve Lesot [France, Royaume-Uni] ; Francois Clauss [France] ; Alan Brook [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Archives of Oral Biology [ 0003-9969 ] ; 2009.
Abstract
This paper reviews the concept of morphogenetic fields within the dentition that was first proposed by Butler (Butler PM. Studies of the mammalian dentition. Differentiation of the post-canine dentition.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.06.011
PubMed: 18760768
PubMed Central: 2981872
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>This paper reviews the concept of morphogenetic fields within the dentition that was first proposed by Butler (Butler PM. Studies of the mammalian dentition. Differentiation of the post-canine dentition. <italic>Proc Zool Soc Lond B</italic>
1939;<bold>109</bold>
:1–36), then adapted for the human dentition by Dahlberg (Dahlberg AA. The changing dentition of man. <italic>J Am Dent Assoc</italic>
1945;<bold>32</bold>
:676–90; Dahlberg AA. The dentition of the American Indian. In: Laughlin WS, editor. <italic>The Physical Anthropology of the American Indian</italic>
. New York: Viking Fund Inc.; 1951. p. 138–76). The clone theory of dental development, proposed by Osborn (Osborn JW. Morphogenetic gradients: fields versus clones. In: Butler PM, Joysey KA, editors <italic>Development, function and evolution of teeth</italic>
. London: Academic Press, 1978. p. 171–201), is then considered before these two important concepts are interpreted in the light of recent findings from molecular, cellular, genetic and theoretical and anthropological investigation. Sharpe (Sharpe PT. Homeobox genes and orofacial development. <italic>Connect Tissue Res</italic>
1995;<bold>32</bold>
:17–25) put forward the concept of an odontogenic homeobox code to explain how different tooth classes are initiated in different parts of the oral cavity in response to molecular cues and the expression of specific groups of homeobox genes. Recently, Mitsiadis and Smith (Mitsiadis TA, Smith MM. How do genes make teeth to order through development? <italic>J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol)</italic>
2006; <bold>306B</bold>
:177–82.) proposed that the field, clone and homeobox code models could all be incorporated into a single model to explain dental patterning. We agree that these three models should be viewed as complementary rather than contradictory and propose that this unifying view can be extended into the clinical setting using findings on dental patterning in individuals with missing and extra teeth. The proposals are compatible with the unifying aetiological model developed by Brook (Brook AH. A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of tooth number and size. <italic>Archs Oral Biol</italic>
1984;<bold>29</bold>
:373–78) based on human epidemiological and clinical findings. Indeed, this new synthesis can provide a sound foundation for clinical diagnosis, counselling and management of patients with various anomalies of dental development as well as suggesting hypotheses for future studies.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arch Oral Biol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Arch. Oral Biol</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Archives of Oral Biology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0003-9969</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1879-1506</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Pergamon Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18760768</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2981872</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0003-9969(08)00183-0</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.06.011</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Morphogenetic fields within the human dentition: A new, clinically relevant synthesis of an old concept<sup><xref ref-type="fn" rid="d32e49">☆</xref>
</sup>
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Townsend</surname>
<given-names>Grant</given-names>
</name>
<email>grant.townsend@adelaide.edu.au</email>
<xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref>
<xref rid="aff5" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
<xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Harris</surname>
<given-names>Edward F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref>
<xref rid="aff5" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lesot</surname>
<given-names>Herve</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">c</xref>
<xref rid="aff4" ref-type="aff">d</xref>
<xref rid="aff5" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Clauss</surname>
<given-names>Francois</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">c</xref>
<xref rid="aff4" ref-type="aff">d</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brook</surname>
<given-names>Alan</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff5" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>
School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee, 875 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>
INSERM U595, Faculty of Medicine, 11, rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, France</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>
Faculty of Dentistry, Louis Pasteur University, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France</aff>
<aff id="aff5"><label>e</label>
International Collaborating Centre in Oro-facial Genetics and Development, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GN, UK</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>⁎</label>
<italic>Corresponding author at</italic>
: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. Tel.: +61 8 83035968; fax: +61 8 83033444. <email>grant.townsend@adelaide.edu.au</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<issue>Suppl 1</issue>
<fpage>S34</fpage>
<lpage>S44</lpage>
<history><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2008</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2009 Elsevier Ltd.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2008</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Elsevier Ltd</copyright-holder>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>Open Access under <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">CC BY 3.0</ext-link>
license</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>This paper reviews the concept of morphogenetic fields within the dentition that was first proposed by Butler (Butler PM. Studies of the mammalian dentition. Differentiation of the post-canine dentition. <italic>Proc Zool Soc Lond B</italic>
1939;<bold>109</bold>
:1–36), then adapted for the human dentition by Dahlberg (Dahlberg AA. The changing dentition of man. <italic>J Am Dent Assoc</italic>
1945;<bold>32</bold>
:676–90; Dahlberg AA. The dentition of the American Indian. In: Laughlin WS, editor. <italic>The Physical Anthropology of the American Indian</italic>
. New York: Viking Fund Inc.; 1951. p. 138–76). The clone theory of dental development, proposed by Osborn (Osborn JW. Morphogenetic gradients: fields versus clones. In: Butler PM, Joysey KA, editors <italic>Development, function and evolution of teeth</italic>
. London: Academic Press, 1978. p. 171–201), is then considered before these two important concepts are interpreted in the light of recent findings from molecular, cellular, genetic and theoretical and anthropological investigation. Sharpe (Sharpe PT. Homeobox genes and orofacial development. <italic>Connect Tissue Res</italic>
1995;<bold>32</bold>
:17–25) put forward the concept of an odontogenic homeobox code to explain how different tooth classes are initiated in different parts of the oral cavity in response to molecular cues and the expression of specific groups of homeobox genes. Recently, Mitsiadis and Smith (Mitsiadis TA, Smith MM. How do genes make teeth to order through development? <italic>J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol)</italic>
2006; <bold>306B</bold>
:177–82.) proposed that the field, clone and homeobox code models could all be incorporated into a single model to explain dental patterning. We agree that these three models should be viewed as complementary rather than contradictory and propose that this unifying view can be extended into the clinical setting using findings on dental patterning in individuals with missing and extra teeth. The proposals are compatible with the unifying aetiological model developed by Brook (Brook AH. A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of tooth number and size. <italic>Archs Oral Biol</italic>
1984;<bold>29</bold>
:373–78) based on human epidemiological and clinical findings. Indeed, this new synthesis can provide a sound foundation for clinical diagnosis, counselling and management of patients with various anomalies of dental development as well as suggesting hypotheses for future studies.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Dental development</kwd>
<kwd>Clone model</kwd>
<kwd>Homeobox code</kwd>
<kwd>Patterning</kwd>
<kwd>Hypodontia</kwd>
<kwd>Supernumeraries</kwd>
<kwd>Twins</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="fig1"><label>Fig. 1</label>
<caption><p>Dental phenotypes associated with an autosomal form of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), linked to EDAR mutation. Clinical phenotype associated with a 10-year-old boy includes oligodontia (agenesis of mandibular permanent incisors and maxillary lateral incisors) and conical-shaped canines (a). A panoramic radiograph (b) of another patient (7 years old) with autosomal HED shows mandibular anodontia and maxillary oligodontia. There is agenesis of the primary right central incisor, lateral incisors, left canine and first primary molars with presence of only one dysmorphic permanent right central incisor germ and permanent first molars (b). Clinical (c) and radiographic (d) appearance of another patient (5 and 1/2 years old) with an autosomal dominant form of HED. Agenesis of maxillary and mandibular primary incisors, first molars and second maxillary right primary molar is evident. There is also agenesis of all permanent tooth germs, except for the permanent maxillary and mandibular first molars.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="gr1"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2"><label>Fig. 2</label>
<caption><p>Panoramic radiographs of two American Black adolescents with a developing fourth molar in each quadrant. These supernumerary teeth are reduced in size, but exhibit differentiation into multiple occlusal cusps. These extensions of the molar fields could conceivably involve differences in these subjects’ ectodysplasin, as described by Tucker and Sharpe.<xref rid="bib31" ref-type="bibr"><sup>31</sup>
</xref>
</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="gr2"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3"><label>Fig. 3</label>
<caption><p>Dental panoramic radiographs (a and b) and maxillary clinical views (c and d) of a pair of monozygotic twins affected by X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) with a mutation of the ED1 gene, coding for ectodysplasin (EDA) morphogenetic factor.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="gr3"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4"><label>Fig. 4</label>
<caption><p>Model based on normal distributions with superimposed thresholds to explain the relationships between anomalies of tooth number and size after Brook.<xref rid="bib7" ref-type="bibr"><sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="gr4"></graphic>
</fig>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Alsace (région administrative)</li>
<li>Grand Est</li>
<li>Tennessee</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Strasbourg</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Townsend, Grant" sort="Townsend, Grant" uniqKey="Townsend G" first="Grant" last="Townsend">Grant Townsend</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Townsend, Grant" sort="Townsend, Grant" uniqKey="Townsend G" first="Grant" last="Townsend">Grant Townsend</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Brook, Alan" sort="Brook, Alan" uniqKey="Brook A" first="Alan" last="Brook">Alan Brook</name>
<name sortKey="Harris, Edward F" sort="Harris, Edward F" uniqKey="Harris E" first="Edward F." last="Harris">Edward F. Harris</name>
<name sortKey="Lesot, Herve" sort="Lesot, Herve" uniqKey="Lesot H" first="Herve" last="Lesot">Herve Lesot</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Tennessee"><name sortKey="Harris, Edward F" sort="Harris, Edward F" uniqKey="Harris E" first="Edward F." last="Harris">Edward F. Harris</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="France"><region name="Grand Est"><name sortKey="Lesot, Herve" sort="Lesot, Herve" uniqKey="Lesot H" first="Herve" last="Lesot">Herve Lesot</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Clauss, Francois" sort="Clauss, Francois" uniqKey="Clauss F" first="Francois" last="Clauss">Francois Clauss</name>
<name sortKey="Clauss, Francois" sort="Clauss, Francois" uniqKey="Clauss F" first="Francois" last="Clauss">Francois Clauss</name>
<name sortKey="Lesot, Herve" sort="Lesot, Herve" uniqKey="Lesot H" first="Herve" last="Lesot">Herve Lesot</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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