Drug versus sweet reward: greater attraction to and preference for sweet versus drug cues.
Identifieur interne : 001844 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001843; suivant : 001845Drug versus sweet reward: greater attraction to and preference for sweet versus drug cues.
Auteurs : Heather B. Madsen [Australie] ; Serge H. AhmedSource :
- Addiction biology [ 1369-1600 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Analyse de variance, Animaux, Cocaïne (pharmacologie), Comportement de recherche de substances (), Conditionnement classique (), Conditionnement opérant (), Goût (), Héroïne (pharmacologie), Inhibiteurs de la capture de la dopamine (pharmacologie), Motivation (), Mâle, Rat Wistar, Renforcement (psychologie), Récompense, Saccharine (pharmacologie), Signaux, Stupéfiants (pharmacologie), Éclairage, Édulcorants (pharmacologie).
- MESH :
- pharmacologie : Cocaïne, Héroïne, Inhibiteurs de la capture de la dopamine, Saccharine, Stupéfiants, Édulcorants.
- Analyse de variance, Animaux, Comportement de recherche de substances, Conditionnement classique, Conditionnement opérant, Goût, Motivation, Mâle, Rat Wistar, Renforcement (psychologie), Récompense, Signaux, Éclairage.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cocaine (pharmacology), Conditioning, Classical (drug effects), Conditioning, Operant (drug effects), Cues, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors (pharmacology), Drug-Seeking Behavior (drug effects), Heroin (pharmacology), Lighting, Male, Motivation (drug effects), Narcotics (pharmacology), Rats, Wistar, Reinforcement (Psychology), Reward, Saccharin (pharmacology), Sweetening Agents (pharmacology), Taste (drug effects).
- MESH :
- chemical , pharmacology : Cocaine, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Heroin, Narcotics, Saccharin, Sweetening Agents.
- drug effects : Conditioning, Classical, Conditioning, Operant, Drug-Seeking Behavior, Motivation, Taste.
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cues, Lighting, Male, Rats, Wistar, Reinforcement (Psychology), Reward.
Abstract
Despite the unique ability of addictive drugs to directly activate brain reward circuits, recent evidence suggests that drugs induce reinforcing and incentive effects that are comparable to, or even lower than some nondrug rewards. In particular, when rats have a choice between pressing a lever associated with intravenous cocaine or heroin delivery and another lever associated with sweet water delivery, most respond on the latter. This outcome suggests that sweet water is more reinforcing and attractive than either drug. However, this outcome may also be due to the differential ability of sweet versus drug levers to elicit Pavlovian feeding-like conditioned responses that can cause involuntary lever pressing, such as pawing and biting the lever. To test this hypothesis, rats first underwent Pavlovian conditioning to associate one lever with sweet water (0.2% saccharin) and a different lever with intravenous cocaine (0.25 mg) or heroin (0.01 mg). Choice between these two levers was then assessed under two operant choice procedures: one that permitted the expression of Pavlovian-conditioned lever press responses during choice, the other not. During conditioning, Pavlovian-conditioned lever press responses were considerably higher on the sweet lever than on either drug lever, and slightly greater on the heroin lever than on the cocaine lever. Importantly, though these differences in Pavlovian-conditioned behavior predicted subsequent preference for sweet water during choice, they were not required for its expression. Overall, this study confirms that rats prefer the sweet lever because sweet water is more reinforcing and attractive than cocaine or heroin.
DOI: 10.1111/adb.12134
PubMed: 24602027
Affiliations:
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Madsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, France; Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS, France; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, France; Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS, France; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement><region type="état">Victoria (État)</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Melbourne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Serge H" sort="Ahmed, Serge H" uniqKey="Ahmed S" first="Serge H" last="Ahmed">Serge H. Ahmed</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Addiction biology</title><idno type="eISSN">1369-1600</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Animals</term><term>Cocaine (pharmacology)</term><term>Conditioning, Classical (drug effects)</term><term>Conditioning, Operant (drug effects)</term><term>Cues</term><term>Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors (pharmacology)</term><term>Drug-Seeking Behavior (drug effects)</term><term>Heroin (pharmacology)</term><term>Lighting</term><term>Male</term><term>Motivation (drug effects)</term><term>Narcotics (pharmacology)</term><term>Rats, Wistar</term><term>Reinforcement (Psychology)</term><term>Reward</term><term>Saccharin (pharmacology)</term><term>Sweetening Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Taste (drug effects)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de variance</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Cocaïne (pharmacologie)</term><term>Comportement de recherche de substances ()</term><term>Conditionnement classique ()</term><term>Conditionnement opérant ()</term><term>Goût ()</term><term>Héroïne (pharmacologie)</term><term>Inhibiteurs de la capture de la dopamine (pharmacologie)</term><term>Motivation ()</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Rat Wistar</term><term>Renforcement (psychologie)</term><term>Récompense</term><term>Saccharine (pharmacologie)</term><term>Signaux</term><term>Stupéfiants (pharmacologie)</term><term>Éclairage</term><term>Édulcorants (pharmacologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cocaine</term><term>Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors</term><term>Heroin</term><term>Narcotics</term><term>Saccharin</term><term>Sweetening Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Conditioning, Classical</term><term>Conditioning, Operant</term><term>Drug-Seeking Behavior</term><term>Motivation</term><term>Taste</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cocaïne</term><term>Héroïne</term><term>Inhibiteurs de la capture de la dopamine</term><term>Saccharine</term><term>Stupéfiants</term><term>Édulcorants</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Animals</term><term>Cues</term><term>Lighting</term><term>Male</term><term>Rats, Wistar</term><term>Reinforcement (Psychology)</term><term>Reward</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de variance</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Comportement de recherche de substances</term><term>Conditionnement classique</term><term>Conditionnement opérant</term><term>Goût</term><term>Motivation</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Rat Wistar</term><term>Renforcement (psychologie)</term><term>Récompense</term><term>Signaux</term><term>Éclairage</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Despite the unique ability of addictive drugs to directly activate brain reward circuits, recent evidence suggests that drugs induce reinforcing and incentive effects that are comparable to, or even lower than some nondrug rewards. In particular, when rats have a choice between pressing a lever associated with intravenous cocaine or heroin delivery and another lever associated with sweet water delivery, most respond on the latter. This outcome suggests that sweet water is more reinforcing and attractive than either drug. However, this outcome may also be due to the differential ability of sweet versus drug levers to elicit Pavlovian feeding-like conditioned responses that can cause involuntary lever pressing, such as pawing and biting the lever. To test this hypothesis, rats first underwent Pavlovian conditioning to associate one lever with sweet water (0.2% saccharin) and a different lever with intravenous cocaine (0.25 mg) or heroin (0.01 mg). Choice between these two levers was then assessed under two operant choice procedures: one that permitted the expression of Pavlovian-conditioned lever press responses during choice, the other not. During conditioning, Pavlovian-conditioned lever press responses were considerably higher on the sweet lever than on either drug lever, and slightly greater on the heroin lever than on the cocaine lever. Importantly, though these differences in Pavlovian-conditioned behavior predicted subsequent preference for sweet water during choice, they were not required for its expression. Overall, this study confirms that rats prefer the sweet lever because sweet water is more reinforcing and attractive than cocaine or heroin.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li></country><region><li>Victoria (État)</li></region><settlement><li>Melbourne</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Melbourne</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Ahmed, Serge H" sort="Ahmed, Serge H" uniqKey="Ahmed S" first="Serge H" last="Ahmed">Serge H. Ahmed</name></noCountry><country name="Australie"><region name="Victoria (État)"><name sortKey="Madsen, Heather B" sort="Madsen, Heather B" uniqKey="Madsen H" first="Heather B" last="Madsen">Heather B. Madsen</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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