Comparative study of plutonium and Americium bioaccumulation from two marine sediments contaminated in the natural environment
Identifieur interne : 00EE84 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 00EE83; suivant : 00EE85Comparative study of plutonium and Americium bioaccumulation from two marine sediments contaminated in the natural environment
Auteurs : T. F. Hamilton [Australie] ; S. W. Fowler [France] ; J. Larosa [France] ; E. Holm [France, Suède] ; J. D. Smith [Australie] ; A. Aarkrog [Danemark] ; H. Dahlgaard [Danemark]Source :
- Journal of Environmental Radioactivity [ 0265-931X ] ; 1991.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Milieu marin, Plutonium.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aarkrog, Activity ratio, Activity ratios, Americium, Americium transfer, Arenicola marina, Atoll, Beasley, Beasley fowler, Benthic, Benthic fauna, Benthic species, Control worms, Crash site, Different sediments, Digestive tract, Diversicolor, Energy agency, Enewetak, Enewetak atoll, Environmental radioactivity, Experimental studies, Field studies, Fowler, Fresh body weight, Geochemical partitioning, Health phys, High activity particles, International laboratory, Laboratory experiments, Laboratory studies, Lagoon sediments, Major source, Marine environment, Marine radioactivity, Marine radioecology, Marine sediments, Miramand, Nereis, Nereis diversicolor, Neutron flux, Nuclear weapons testing, Organic matter, Plutonium, Polychaete, Polychaete nereis diversicolor, Pore water, Present study, Reprocessing waste, Residual, Residual sediment, Sediment, Specific activity, Thule, Thule sediment, Thule sediments, Transfer ratio, Transuranic, Transuranic elements, Uptake, Whole body, Worm.
- Teeft :
- Aarkrog, Activity ratio, Activity ratios, Americium, Americium transfer, Arenicola marina, Atoll, Beasley, Beasley fowler, Benthic, Benthic fauna, Benthic species, Control worms, Crash site, Different sediments, Digestive tract, Diversicolor, Energy agency, Enewetak, Enewetak atoll, Environmental radioactivity, Experimental studies, Field studies, Fowler, Fresh body weight, Geochemical partitioning, Health phys, High activity particles, International laboratory, Laboratory experiments, Laboratory studies, Lagoon sediments, Major source, Marine environment, Marine radioactivity, Marine radioecology, Marine sediments, Miramand, Nereis, Nereis diversicolor, Neutron flux, Nuclear weapons testing, Organic matter, Plutonium, Polychaete, Polychaete nereis diversicolor, Pore water, Present study, Reprocessing waste, Residual, Residual sediment, Sediment, Specific activity, Thule, Thule sediment, Thule sediments, Transfer ratio, Transuranic, Transuranic elements, Uptake, Whole body, Worm.
Abstract
Abstract: Plutonium and americium sediment-animal transfer was studied under controlled laboratory conditions by exposure of the benthic polychaete Nereis diversicolor (O.F. Müller) to marine sediments contaminated by a nuclear bomb accident (near Thule, Greenland) and nuclear weapons testing (Enewetak Atoll). In both sediment regimes, the bioavailability of plutonium and 214Am was low, with specific activity in the tissues < 1% (dry wt) that in the sediments. Over the first three months, a slight preference in transfer of plutonium over 241Am occurred and 241Am uptake from the Thule sediment was enhanced compared to that from lagoon sediments of Enewetak Atoll. Autoradiography studies indicated the presence of hot particles of plutonium in the sediments. The results highlight the importance of purging animals of their gut contents in order to obtain accurate estimates of transuranic transfer from ingested sediments into tissue. It is further suggested that enhanced transuranic uptake by some benthic species could arise from ingestion of high activity particles and organic-rich detritus present in the sediments.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0265-931X(91)90029-F
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<wicri:regionArea>‡ Present address: Department of Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lasarettet S-221 85 Lund</wicri:regionArea>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aarkrog</term>
<term>Activity ratio</term>
<term>Activity ratios</term>
<term>Americium</term>
<term>Americium transfer</term>
<term>Arenicola marina</term>
<term>Atoll</term>
<term>Beasley</term>
<term>Beasley fowler</term>
<term>Benthic</term>
<term>Benthic fauna</term>
<term>Benthic species</term>
<term>Control worms</term>
<term>Crash site</term>
<term>Different sediments</term>
<term>Digestive tract</term>
<term>Diversicolor</term>
<term>Energy agency</term>
<term>Enewetak</term>
<term>Enewetak atoll</term>
<term>Environmental radioactivity</term>
<term>Experimental studies</term>
<term>Field studies</term>
<term>Fowler</term>
<term>Fresh body weight</term>
<term>Geochemical partitioning</term>
<term>Health phys</term>
<term>High activity particles</term>
<term>International laboratory</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Laboratory studies</term>
<term>Lagoon sediments</term>
<term>Major source</term>
<term>Marine environment</term>
<term>Marine radioactivity</term>
<term>Marine radioecology</term>
<term>Marine sediments</term>
<term>Miramand</term>
<term>Nereis</term>
<term>Nereis diversicolor</term>
<term>Neutron flux</term>
<term>Nuclear weapons testing</term>
<term>Organic matter</term>
<term>Plutonium</term>
<term>Polychaete</term>
<term>Polychaete nereis diversicolor</term>
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<term>Present study</term>
<term>Reprocessing waste</term>
<term>Residual</term>
<term>Residual sediment</term>
<term>Sediment</term>
<term>Specific activity</term>
<term>Thule</term>
<term>Thule sediment</term>
<term>Thule sediments</term>
<term>Transfer ratio</term>
<term>Transuranic</term>
<term>Transuranic elements</term>
<term>Uptake</term>
<term>Whole body</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aarkrog</term>
<term>Activity ratio</term>
<term>Activity ratios</term>
<term>Americium</term>
<term>Americium transfer</term>
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<term>Atoll</term>
<term>Beasley</term>
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<term>Benthic fauna</term>
<term>Benthic species</term>
<term>Control worms</term>
<term>Crash site</term>
<term>Different sediments</term>
<term>Digestive tract</term>
<term>Diversicolor</term>
<term>Energy agency</term>
<term>Enewetak</term>
<term>Enewetak atoll</term>
<term>Environmental radioactivity</term>
<term>Experimental studies</term>
<term>Field studies</term>
<term>Fowler</term>
<term>Fresh body weight</term>
<term>Geochemical partitioning</term>
<term>Health phys</term>
<term>High activity particles</term>
<term>International laboratory</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Laboratory studies</term>
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<term>Major source</term>
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<term>Marine radioecology</term>
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<term>Transfer ratio</term>
<term>Transuranic</term>
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<term>Uptake</term>
<term>Whole body</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Plutonium and americium sediment-animal transfer was studied under controlled laboratory conditions by exposure of the benthic polychaete Nereis diversicolor (O.F. Müller) to marine sediments contaminated by a nuclear bomb accident (near Thule, Greenland) and nuclear weapons testing (Enewetak Atoll). In both sediment regimes, the bioavailability of plutonium and 214Am was low, with specific activity in the tissues < 1% (dry wt) that in the sediments. Over the first three months, a slight preference in transfer of plutonium over 241Am occurred and 241Am uptake from the Thule sediment was enhanced compared to that from lagoon sediments of Enewetak Atoll. Autoradiography studies indicated the presence of hot particles of plutonium in the sediments. The results highlight the importance of purging animals of their gut contents in order to obtain accurate estimates of transuranic transfer from ingested sediments into tissue. It is further suggested that enhanced transuranic uptake by some benthic species could arise from ingestion of high activity particles and organic-rich detritus present in the sediments.</div>
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